MANAGING CHANGE IN PRINTING INDUSTRY

In this issue we will discuss about the managing change in printing industry, in
various perspective. When talk about management change, many of the issues and
disciplines are involved in print management. These disciplines are integrated into the field
of management in the printing industry. However, the only means of applying management
techniques and strategies to achieve the companys business aims and objective is through
the manager him or herself.

Without efficient, innovative and vision guided management, nothing will happen. The
company will not progress, and it may eventually cease to trade. Radical change presents
the manager with serious problems in analysing trends and determining how they are likely
to effect the company. The effective management of change depends almost entirely on the
management approach to the situation, and its attitude and strategy in circumstances of
change.

The challenge of modern times facing the printing industry is the development of
people with management abilities to take the industry forward to the next millennium.

STATUS OF INDUSTRY

For many years, printing industry in Malaysia enjoyed expansion, a large workforce,
and sufficient work to allow many small companies to develop. Today, the industry is faced
with increasing competition, not only from within Malaysia, but also form companies
throughout the world. Customer demands for quality production are intense and at the same
prices are being subjected to greater pressure than at any time in the past, especially when
the economics situation are not in good condition. These changes have been accelerated by
recession, but, even in the absence of recession, it is certain that the industry would still
have been faced with the need to change, as progress can only be avoided or resisted in the
sort-term.

Rapid advances in production methods and technology have also resulted in a

contraction of the industrys workforce. Skills requirements have completely changed and
now a higher level of education achievement is for those entering the industry at all levels.
For the printing manager, the day is fast approaching when degree levels of education for
the potential manager will be standard. Thats why, for example ITM are looking forward to
upgrade the course in Printing Technology by doing a change continuously every year
according to the changes in the industry.

THE NEXT STEP

Generally, there are many things will arise towards the change of management. The
important things are the way we handle the situation. So, What is the next step, think wisely,
and all issues must go together. Manage and change on... technology, education, business
and industry itself. Lets change the way of thinking and make sure the next step will more
affordable towards the new millennium.... lets look to the next parts of the discussion in next
issues of Printech News.
PRINTING TECHNOLOGY STUDENTS AND CAREER PLANNING

You are registering for the 6th semester of school. A lecturer ask, what are you
planning to major in?. You really dont know, its such a painful subject that youve always
managed to put it off. Youve been getting pressure from your parents to choose an
occupational goal, your friends seem to be going towards their ambition and now the lecturer
is asking that tough question, just because you have to get some titles approved for thesis
the next term.

Well, this is basically what every college student or to be specific, every Printing Technology
student ask themselves when they reach to a certain point when they had to make the
decision which would eventually change their future. A majority of us probably give very little
thought to planning a career. Maybe they just dont know how to go about it and they avoid
or ignore thinking about their career choices in the hope that they will somehow luck out.
Some maybe lucky and find the right kind of work, but luck usually the case of being
prepared for opportunity. Far too many people drift into the world of work and then drift form
job to job. They only have a series of jobs, not a career.

The printing industry offers a wide range of career opportunities. Some maybe very
technical while some may not. To some people who are ignorant, all that this field had to
offer is a career as machine operator. What they may not know is that this field is now
expanding very rapidly and with this expansion comes various new career opportunities that
can be divided into several groups of occupational interests such as management, skilled
trades, art, and organizational.

The Printing Technology course in UiTM Shah Alam focuses more towards the
aspects of administration management and commercial printing, publishing, packaging,
sales, marketing and technology development.

Over the past 25 years, the Printing Technology Department has been producing
graduates who are specialized in printing management to feed the demand for skilled
workers in the printing field. Most of the graduates are now holding several promising posts
in several printing companies all across the Klang Valley. Two students from the first batch
of Printing Technology students were even offered to further their studies to the prestigious
London College of Printing under the young Lecturer Scheme and now are serving ITM as
lecturers in the department.

Freshly graduated from college, these graduates had only the experience form their
three months practical training. However they have all managed to adapt comfortably into
their new environment. Some have even gotten their promotions or shifted to a better
position. With these positions, they are earning between RM 2,000 to 2,800 as their basic
starting salaries.

To the rest of the Printing Technology Student, start making your career goals
because the best years of your life you will give to the work you do. Your jobs will give you
the means by which you make a living. You will be identified by the occupation you practise.
Your lifestyle will primarily be dependent upon your occupation. A significant portion of your
physical and emotional health will be determined by how well you like your work. The
activities at which you spend your time, the money you earn, who you are as a human being,
the way you live, and your health compose the essential core of your existence. Because the
planning of careers covers so much of life itself, it is hard to imagine a topic more important
than this one

In 2015, this industry has become one of the biggest contributors to the countrys
economic income of RM15 billion.
PERKEMBANGAN INDUSTRI PERCETAKAN DI MALAYSIA KE ALAF BARU

Industri percetakan adalah satu penyumbang utama pendapatan negara pada tahun
1998. Hampir 10 bilion ringgit telah diperolehi dari aktiviti import dan eksport. Disamping itu
juga banyak peluang perkerjaan telah diwujudkan dengan hampir 10 000 perkerja telah
terlibat untuk membangun industri ini. Dahulu industri ini lebih dikenali sebagai industri
berbentuk perkhidmatan dan kini lebih dikenali sebagai industri pembuatan.

Kebanyakan perkerja dalam sektor ini masih mendapat latihan secara dalaman atau
in house training. Pencapaian hasil cetakan boleh dikatakan baik tetapi masih perlu
diperbaiki dari segi kualiti mengikut piawaian. Terdapat berberapa syarikat percetakan yang
besar dari segi pendapatan dapat mengeksport hasil kerja ke luar negara. Ini salah satu
cara untuk mengimbangi wang masuk ke negara ini. Kini terdapat hampir sebanyak 3000
syarikat percetakan yang berdaftar dengan Kementerian Dalam Negeri menjalankan
berbagai aktiviti percetakan dan penerbitan.

Dengan wujudnya berberapa insitiusi dan universtiti yang menjalankan kursus

berbentuk sijil, diploma dan ijazah dapat membantu menyuburkan persaingan yang lebih
sihat dalam menghasilkan guna tenaga yang terlatih dan berkemahiran serta intelektual
yang lebih kea rah profesional.

Peranan persatuan-persatuan pencetak yang wujud di negara ini sejak bertahun-

tahun lamanya dapat membantu menyuburkan persaingan yang lebih sihat dalam
menghasilkan produk yang bermutu. Persatuan Pencetak Bumiputera yang kecil
bilangannya juga memainkan peranan penting dalam industri pencetakan di negara ini.

Kelemahan-kelemahan yang dihadapi oleh pencetak-pencetak Bumiputera selama

ini tidak berani melabur dalam membeli peralatan mesin cetak. Kedua tidak mahu
meningkatkan ilmu dan pengetahuan dalam arus perkembangan teknologi. Ketiga tidak
mempunyai kecekapan ilmu mengurus dan mentadbir dalam percetakan, dan terakhir tidak
mempunyai pengalaman yang secukupnya dalam ilmu percetakan. Kelemahan-kelemahan
ini masih dialami oleh beberapa syarikat percetakan bumiputera.

Ledakan teknologi maklumat sedikit sebanyak dapat memberikan kesedaran kepada

pengusaha-pengusaha percetakan di negara ini. Mereka terpaksa menghadapi kekurangan
penggunaan kertas sebagai asas untuk menyalurkan maklumat. Di samping itu juga ia dapat
memberi manfaat dalam menghantar dan menerima maklimat dalam menyediakan teks
untuk dicetak. Komunikasi maklumat lebih efisyen dan cepat dalam pembayaran dan
meletakkan kos dalam setiap pesanan kerja percetakan.

Dengan ini diharap pihak pengusaha percetakan dapat menerima reality tentang
persaingan dalam menhasilkan dan menyebar maklumat dalam bentuk internet dan
multimedia. Penambahbaikan ilmu dan keterbukaan minda perlu ada pada setiap
pengusaha-pengusaha percetakan di negara ini dalam menghadapi abad baru tahun 2000
akan datang.
STANDARD VIEWING CONDITIONS FOR THE GRAPHIC ARTS

Before you blame your proofing device or your pressroom or sembody or something
because the colour on that last job wasnt right, again take a look at where you and your
customers are making those colour judgments. It might just be that youre seeing things in
different light. In this article, I will explain why using consistent and standard viewing
conditions, a practise sometimes ignored or handled a bit to casually, is essential to the
reproduction chain. This is the first part of the article which perhaps will help to describe the
importance of standard for viewing conditions. The related standards are a standard for
graphic technology and photography viewing conditions, ISO 3664, that has received ISO
approval was published in 1999.

Why Are They Important?

Color and density measurements play important roles in the process control of colour
reproduction, but they cant replace the human observer for final assessment of the colour
quality of complex images. In the colour reproduction process, we commonly compare
different kinds of originals and reproductions with one another for fidelity of colour matching.
E.g. colour reflection artwork, photographic prints, off-press and on-press proofs, and press
sheets, all are commonly visually evaluated for their image and colour quality or compared
critically with one another for fidelity of colour matching. There is no doubt that the best
viewing condition for visually assessing the colour of a printed product, is the environment in
which it will be finally seen. Where we know what this environment will be, and where it is
practical to do so, the people in the production chain may sensibly agree to use this viewing
condition to evaluate the final printed product. Unfortunately, this is usually not practical.
More importantly, though, such end-use viewing conditions dont allow us to make valid
comparisons between the original artwork, photography , offpress proofs, etc. , and the final
printed sheet. This is because the colour appearance of each of these materials is affected,
often differently, by the light source and viewing conditions. To avoid miscommunication
about colour reproduction and processing, consistent viewing conditions must be used
throughout the production chain. The colour and brightness of other objects and surface in
the observers field of view can also significantly influence his/her perception of the tone
scale and colour of a print or transparency. For this reason, ambient condition, and the
immediate surround conditions, and the immediate surround conditions, of the viewing
location also need to be controlled. In many situations, this is the role of the viewing booth.
However, a viewing booth is not always required ; there are many situations in graphic arts
where a portion of a room or an open area can be established as a viewing area that meets
the requirements. The only way to ensure consistent viewing conditions, among all the
players in the reproduction process, is to have a single recommendation everyone can aim
towards. The current proposal for that single recommendation is ISO 3664,viewing
conditions for Graphic Technology and Photography.

Where Did We Get This Standard?

Prior to this new standard, viewing conditions were defined in a 1975 version of ISO 3664
called Photography-Illumination conditions for viewing colour transparencies and their
reproductions and an ANSI American National Standard Institute) Standard called PH2. 30 -
1989 For Graphic Arts and Photography Colour Prints, Transparencies, and
Photomechanical Reproductions Viewing Conditions. These standards were similar but were
not the same as each other. In late 1994, under the auspices of ISO/TC42, a joint task force
was created to revise the ISO standard. The task force. Chaired by tony Johnson of the U.K.
, Was composed of members of ISO Committees TC42 (photography) TC130 (Graphic
technology) and TC6 (Paper, board, and pulps). There was tacit agreement from member of
the ANIS committee to assist in the revision, with the goal of accepting the ISO document as
the ANSI standard.

What is specified?

Several items are critical to ensure consistent viewing conditions throughout the graphic arts
production chain. These are the: . Spectral power distribution of the illumination, . Intensity
and uniformity of the. Backing and surround conditions (the viewing booth or illuminator
environment), and. Maintenance recommendations.

They are all included in ISO 3664. The standard also provides recommendations for the
viewing conditions for images on colour monitors and viewing conditions for the exhibition
and judging of photographs. (This standard is intended to cover the needs of both the
graphic arts and photographic industries.)
PRINTING WORK FLOWS

Estimating and production Planning

After you and account Executive will forward these specifications to Estimating Department.
A Estimators, all fully knowledgeable from desktop to binding, will work closely with the
account Executive to determine the necessary manufacturing proceses, materials required.
Viable schedule, and, ultimately, the cost for producing the project. At this stage, Working as
a team, the Estimator, Account Executive, and client can explore different methods to
produce the project more efficiently and economically.

Job Submission

A Account Executive will preflight the project to ensure that they have all of the elements and
fonts necessary. A Account Excutive will verify that appropriate scaling and cropping has
been indicated on transparencies and prints and check that they have full sized color-broken
laser or color proofs. The project is then placed with Account Executives Customer Sevice
Representative. Here CSR will perform another perflight, put the finishing touches on the job
plan, release instructions to the plant, and coordinate all stage of the manufacturing process.
All information will also be entered into shopfloor data collection system so they can
ascertain the status of a project at any time.

Electronic Prepress

The job will review along with the Layout Manager to schedule internal processes from
desktop through plate making. The projects route through the various prepress departments
will be detailed on the live work schedule and is determined by the proof, press, and final
delivery commitments you have requested. Should all elements already be in place(including
hi-resolution cts properly scaled and cropped), the project will proceed to the desktop station
for imposition. Trim, register and fold marks will be added at this point. If scans are required,
it perform a total colour correction on Scitex system and provide random for approval.

When desktop work is completed, the file is sent to the RIPs for processing and to the laser
imagesetter for film output. The films are assembled on a clear base and are then contacted
for final one piece film. Proofs are then made on Kodak contract Proofing system and
presented for your approval. Blueline proofs are made so you may see pagination and,
where necessary, make any final changes before plating.

Plate making

With final approval, it will proceed to plate making. If the piece is going to be produced in a
multiple-up fashion on press or in 1 or 2 page spreads, they will burn plates on the Misomex
step and repeat mechines. All other jobs will be burned in a conventional plate frame. All
plates will be compared to the approved proofs to verify the presence of all elements and
that all corrections have been made.

Pressroom

The project will now proceed to either the web or sheetfed pressroom. On the sheetfed side,
it can print on either of 2-Color 40 presses, any of three 5colour 40 presses, or 6-colour 40
press. All of these presses are capable of in-line varnishing and perfing. On the web side,
they have a tremendous amount of flexibility. Newest press is a 6-Colour, double web,
heatset with in-line, die-cutting, remoistenable gluing, and paste on fold with in-line trimming
capabilities running at speeds of 50,000 impression per hour. A 5-colour, double web,
heatset with remoistenable gluing an inline perforation that will sheet as well as fold. And a4-
colour, non-heatset web (sheeted only) to hendle projects not suited for the other webs.

Postpress Finishing

Art Litho has a full service bindery have one six pocket and one 8 pocket saddle stitchers. In
support of the stitchers are seven folders and also have a folder/glue with remoistenable and
spot glue. Three computer driven guillotine paper cutters around out finishing equipment.

Transportation

Its maintain a fleet of three 22 straight trucks, three delivery vans and utilize two permanent
fill time contractor to meet local delivery requirements. The small parcel utilize delivery
services (including UPS and FedEX) and freight service for long distance hauling of bulk
materials.

Postproduction

When your project is completed, your Account Executive will be more than happy to review
all aspect of the project with you. This can be an informal 5 minute telephone chat or a
meeting with all of the manufacturing managers. Meeting such as this are requently helpful
for efficiently planning upcoming projects.
Pekembangan prestasi sesebuah syarikat pengeluaran berpandukan kepada kemajuan,
kemahiran dan penetahuan ilmu setiap perkerja. Untuk syarikat itu bersaing dan maju
kehadapan mereka perlu lebih kompeten, terlatih dan pengurusan tenaga kerja terbaik.
Untuk menggalakan berkembangan yang lebih kompeten, persingan globalisasi dalam
ekonomi dan kekerapan pertukaran teknologi amat perlu diberi perhatian. Kita sama-sama
melihat perkembangan ekonomi negara berkembang organisasi pembelajaran dengan
tanggungjawab diatas memertabatkan pembelajaran berterusan dengan menyesuaikan
perubahan ekonomi teknologi dan sosial.

Peranan Pembelajaran Berterusan

Organisasi pembelajaran aladah organisasi yang menggalakan setiap kakitangan

berterusan belajar mengenai perkara baru dan berusaha untuk meningkatkan kualiti produk
dan perkhidmatan. Kita juga membincangkan bagaimana manusia belajar, tidak belajar dan
belajar lagi serta menghasilkan produk yang bersesuaian dengan persekitaran. Pertukaran
persekitaran dalaman adalah amat penting supaya kita sentiasa bersedia menghadapi
perubahan dengan struktur, produk kemahiran dan peraturan. Perubahan persekitaran luar
juga amat penting seperti keperluan teknologi baru, pertukaran pemikiran pelanggan dan
pertukaran keadaan pasar.

Budaya Belajar

Sesebuah organisasi perlu menghasilkan latihan dalam organisasi dengan menyesuaikan

diri dalam alam perkerjaan. Proses latihan perlu diberi perhatian selari dengan matlamat
syarikat. Latihan juga dilihat sebagai kilang untuk menghasilkan para intelek dengan
penambahan ilmu pengetahuan. Para pelatih bukan sahaja mempelajari asas kemahiran
malah berkebolehan menghasilkan kreativiti serta merangsang perkeja lain lebih kreatif
semoga kakitangan lain dapat meningkat ilmu pengetahuan. Pesekitaran yang baik dapat
menjamin minat kakitangan untuk meningkat latihan berterusan. Latihan yang mempunyai
peringkat perlu berpandukan kepada pengalaman kakitangan latihan ini boleh dilihat dengan
kebolehan kakitangan dengan meletakkan apa yang diajar pada masa lepas. Ini yang
dikatakan kakitangan yang berkebolehan, berpengetahuan, dan bertanggungjawab
walaupun ada juga perkerja yang tidak berminat.

Pengurusan berpengetahuan adalah pengurusan yang peka dengan kehendak organisasi

dan perkerja. Ini dapat berkongsi informasi sesame kakitangan yang lain. Ada berberapa
cara untuk berkongsi pengetahuan dan infromasi seperti berikut.

1. Penggunaan teknologi komputer dan perisian melalui e-mail dan penghasilan internet
syarikat dapat merapatkan kakitangan dalam penggunaan peralatan tersebut serta
berkongsi pengetahuan.

2. Buku panduan untuk setiap kakitangan dengan meletakkan informasi tentang kepakaran
dan pengetahuan kakitangan dibuku tersebut.

3. menghasilkan dan menigkatkan peta penerangan mengenai pengetahuan tertentu oleh

kakitangan di dalam syarikat.

4. melantik seorang pegawai untuk mengurus tentang penghasilan katalog dalam petruakran
informasi.
5. menggalakan setiap kakitangan berkongsi pengetahuan dan pengalaman selepas
menghadiri porgam latihan dengan rakan sekerja.

6. membenarkan kakitangan mengambil cuti dengan begaji untuk membuat penyelidikan

(sabbatical leaves) bagi meningkatkan ilmu pengetahuan.

7. Menghasilkan on-line library sebagai sumber pembelajaran untuk mendapatakan journal,

manual teknikal dan kertas-kertas kerja.

Kelebihan Organisasi Pembelajaran .

Marc Van der Erve, menyatakan persoalan dalam evolusi adalah alat kejayaan sesebuah
syarikat. Ia berpandapat evolusi memerlukan kesediaan dalam pembaharuan dan bersedia
menghadapinya. Meneurutnya,sebuah organisasi perlu menhadapi persaingan persekitaran
secara globalisasi dalam kehendak yang lebih dinamik dan sentiasa beruba. Mereka
sentiasa memikirkan perubahan dalam bentuk masa dan perdaran. Untuk mengatasi
masalah tersebut, sebuah organisasi mermelukan perkerja-pekerja yang boleh memikirakn
bersama tentang falsafah, matlamat dan visi sesebuah oragnisasi. Dengan itu untuk
mengatasi kekuatan mengenai keperluan kita perlu mengadakan organisasi pembelajaran
untuk mencapai kebaikan di antara perkerja dan oraganisasi. Di antara kucni kekuatan yang
dihasilkan dalam oragnisasi pembelajran ialah seperti berikut.

Bersedia dengan perkerja yang berpengetahuan dan berkemahiran. Sesetengah organisasi

berfikir cara terbaik untuk melibatkan sosial perkerja.

Organisasi boleh menlangkapkan setiap perkeja dengan kemahiran terbaru bagi

melengkapkan kerja yang dihadapinya dalam ertikata lain mendedahkan perkerja dengan
program berteknologi tinggi dan produk terbaru untuk perkembangan perniagaan akan
datang.

Organisasi dan perkerja bersedia menghadapi cabaran yang akan datang dengan
menunjukkan komitmen dan ketelusan dengan apa jua cara matlamat memberi kentungan
dan kejayaan dalam sesuatu organisasi

Sebagai contoh kedua-dua syarikat pengeluar kereta rover dan Honda menyatakan
pelanggan pertama inlah perkerja syarikatnya sendiri. Mereka berpendapatan
perkembangan perlaburan perkerja amat penting untuk menentukan kerjayaan masa
hadapan . Berkerja secara kumpulan dan mencabah pendapat serta berfikiran secara
inovatif aldalah satu cara untuk mencapai kecamerlangan sesebuah organsasi

Untuk mencapai sesuatu matlamat , sebuah organisasi perlu bersedia menghadapi berbagai
rintangan dan dugaan . ini jelas dinyatakan sesebuah organisasi boleh beterusan mencapai
kerjayaan dan memperolehi keuntungan. Apabila pekerjanya bersedia menerima perubahan
dengan kekuatan kerjasama dan komited dengan syarikat tersebut.