USER`S MANUAL

maj 2006

ABAKUS d.o.o. & ELSYST d.o.o.

Slovenia
 ELIN User`s Manual 2

Program ELIN helps planers of electrical installations to calculate and optimize electrical network quickly
according to IEC standards.

As the authors of program ELIN we wanted to make a program with all needed calculations for project
but on a simple way, with possibility to calculate the whole network easily and not just one part of circuit.
Program ELIN use standards and independent products so it is suitable for different users.

This Manual is written for the complete version of a program, the difference to DEMO is only in limited
number (36) of electrical elements and non saving a project.

ELIN is registered name by company ABAKUS d.o.o., Vernek 3, 1281 KRESNICE, SLOVENIA.
Company ELSYST d.o.o., Na jasi 16, 1241 KAMNIK, SLOVENIA is distributor and system provider for program ELIN.
 ELIN User`s Manual 3

1. ABOUT PROGRAM ELIN................................................................................................................... 4

1.1 Installation........................................................................................................................................ 4

2. STRUCTURE OF PROGRAM............................................................................................................. 5

3. COMMANDS ....................................................................................................................................... 9

3.1 Main screen ...................................................................................................................................... 9

3.2 Graphical screen of wiring systems............................................................................................ 10

3.3 Download menu ............................................................................................................................. 11

3.3.1 Use as template ........................................................................................................................ 11
3.3.2 Select to copy ........................................................................................................................... 12
3.3.3 Copy selected ........................................................................................................................... 12
3.3.4 Move selected........................................................................................................................... 12
3.3.5 Insert distributor ........................................................................................................................ 13
3.3.6 Arrange dependents ................................................................................................................. 13

3.4. Project settings............................................................................................................................ 14

3.5 Description of elements............................................................................................................... 16

3.5.1 Distributor.................................................................................................................................. 17
3.5.2 Current circuit............................................................................................................................ 18
3.5.3 Load .......................................................................................................................................... 18
3.5.4 Database................................................................................................................................... 18

4. CALCULATIONS .............................................................................................................................. 20

5. RESULTS .......................................................................................................................................... 23

5.1 Printout ........................................................................................................................................... 23

5.1.1 Output of dimensioning current-circuits .................................................................................... 23
5.1.2 Output of voltage drop, fault currents and impedances of current circuits ............................... 24

5.2 Plot ........................................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2.1 Plot of one-pole schemes ......................................................................................................... 25
5.2.2 Plot of complete network........................................................................................................... 26

6. MAKING A PROJECT ...................................................................................................................... 28

6.1 Project setting .............................................................................................................................. 28
6.2 Saving project as ......................................................................................................................... 29
6.3 Editing main distributor ................................................................................................................ 29
6.4 Inserting current-circuit ................................................................................................................ 30
6.5 Inserting load ............................................................................................................................... 30

7. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ....................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.

 ELIN User`s Manual 4

1. ABOUT PROGRAM ELIN

1.1 Installation

Installation is done throu program SETUP on CD. After finished setup you can run full functioning or

DEMO version directly or throu shortcut on desktop.

Directory structure of ELIN is following:

..\ABAKUS\ELIN main directory

..\ABAKUS\ELIN\Data directory of database
..\ABAKUS\ELIN\Image directory of images
..\ABAKUS\ELIN\Proj directory of projects
..\ABAKUS\ELIN\Sim directory of AutoCAD symbols

In few seconds program ELIN is ready for use.

 ELIN User`s Manual 5

2. STRUCTURE OF PROGRAM

Program ELIN is composed of more windows screens:

- main screen with download menu
- edit screen with wiring menu
- setting screen
- message screen
- power diagram screen
- data base screen

main screen

message screen
ELIN User`s Manual 6

edit screen

setting screen
 ELIN User`s Manual 7

power diagram

graphical screen for methods of installation

ELIN User`s Manual 8

data base screen

 ELIN User`s Manual 9

3. Commands
3.1 Main screen
In main screen following commands are present:

Project has following commands:

Open open existing project
New open a new project (not in demo)
Save save a project with a temporary name (not in demo)
Save as saving a project wit a new name (not in demo)
From the begining of session the project has no name (Anonymus) till we do
not save as with new name.
Recent the last project will be open
Database to edit database
Results there are two types of results:
Print 2 printout formats of project data
Plot generating onepole schemes
? help text and authors

Icon buttons represent:

settings open file spread consumption

save file calculation

There are also following buttons:

add distributor
add current circuit
add load
graphical power diagram
edit screen
delete
There are 3 forms of presenting project data:

1. form (distributors with circuits and loads))

2. from (distributors with circuits)

3. form 1 (only distributors

3.2 Graphical screen of wiring systems

This is a main new feature of a program ELIN which offers to a planner direct approach to IEC
standard 60364-5-52, which is the base for calculating of current carrying capacity. Instead of only
codes for methods of installations there are now also graphical presentations. The codes are
following:
A1 Insulated conductors in conduit in a thermally insulated wall
A2 Multi-core cable in conduit in a thermally insulated wall
B1 Insulated conductors in conduit on a wooden wall
B2 Multi-core cable in conduit on a wooden wall
C Single-core or multi-core cable in conduit on a wooden wall
D Multi-core cable in ducts in the ground
E Multi-core cable in free air
F Single-core cables, touching in free air
G Single-core cables, spaced in free air
Every method of installation has also different arrangements details of laying, depending on
correction factor for current carrying capacity. Explanation of our code is following:
XX. YYZ

where
XX method of installation (table A.52-1 from IEC 60364-5-52)
YY arrangement (item of table 52-3 from IEC 60364-5-52)
Z serial number because of deviation in arrangement
There are three exceptions in our labels comparing IEC. Because of different formations of cable in
ELIN there are :
C1 for flat formation of 3 loaded conductors
C2 for trefoil formation of 3 loaded conductors
F1 for flat formation of 3 loaded conductors
F2 for trefoil formation of 3 loaded conductors
 ELIN User`s Manual 11

G1 for horizontal spaced flat formation of 3 loaded conductors

G2 for vertical spaced flat formation of 3 loaded conductors

In database for cable types for each cable type there are permitted or possible methods of installations
written and only these can be seen and inserted in edit screen.
Example:
For cable NYIF-J only these methods (A2, B2, C) of installations can be seen and inserted:

All methods of installations and their arrangement can be seen only when inserting new cable type in
database. With doubleclick on the right side of a list, it is selected and jumps to the left side.

3.3 Download menu

Some special functions in main screen open when the right button of the mouse is used

3.3.1 Use as template

First select an icon of distributor or current-circuit. With a right button on the mouse the popdown menu
opens. Use command Use as a template and next time by opening a new circuit all data from the
selected icon are copied.
 ELIN User`s Manual 12

3.3.2 Select to copy

First select an icon of distributor or current-circuit. With a right button on the mouse the popdown menu
opens. Use command Select for copy. In the left corner of the icon a blue point appears and remains till
next selection. Next step is to point to distributor and to open popdown menu and choosing Copy
selected.

3.3.3 Copy selected

Using this command two possibilities appear:

First option is to copy also the tag (name) of selected icon, and the other without the name.

a) with the tag

b) without the tag

3.3.4 Move selected

The selected distributor/circuit can be also moved from one to another distributor with following
command.
 ELIN User`s Manual 13

3.3.5 Insert distributor

Program ELIN inserts distributor between two distributors. Select the left side of distributor and open
popdown menu and select command Insert distributor. A new distributor is inserted and data must be
entered.

3.3.6 Arrange dependents

Using this command it is possible to change the order of subdistributors or current-circuits.

Using this command a list of subdistributors and current circuits is visible and with commands up and
down the order can be changed. It is useful when a new current circuit should be inserted but not at the
end but where other similiar group (lights) already exist.
 ELIN User`s Manual 14

3.4. Project settings

At opening new project the following screen opens (here with some data inserted already):

- impedance of connection point (CP)

input ohmic and reactance value of impedance of CP

If there is no exact data for CP, you can use this calculator for getting impedance (R and X)
 ELIN User`s Manual 15

- ordering of protection devices for distributor

program inserts protection devices according to this list untill dimensioning is satisfied

selecting or deselcting of item

ordering of selected item up or down

- ordering of protection devices for current circuit

program inserts protection device according to this list untill dimensioning is satisfied

- factor of selectivity discrimination of protection devices (default 1,55)

for discrimination of fuses there is a factor between two nominal currents which should be used
 ELIN User`s Manual 16

2
In the next version of program for more precise discrimination I t will be used.

- selecting of colors for text and back

- selecting of language for text and database

EN english
SI slovenian
DE german

- using minimal load fuse to select or not; in database there can be in data for load written which is
a minimal protection device; it means that indeed 2A fuse is selected for a lamp of 100W, a data 10A
which is written in database is selected because of different national rules

These selections can be saved for a project or as general for all projects by confirming this button:

This screen can be selected also later during project calculation by using this button:

button for set-up

3.5 Description of elements

In program ELIN construction of electrical network is as simple as it is in real world. From the beginning
(CP) to the last load we are going in right and down direction. The first point CP is not seen on the
screen, data for CP were written in setting screen.

We start with main distributor and with main power supply cable data (type, length, laying). Cables to
distributors are from the left side and written in distributor icon. The same data for cables from distributor
to loads are written in load icons.

Every element in network can have its own name or just index number which is written in brackets. A
name can be of 8 characters long.

Example: distributor with index number (2)

 ELIN User`s Manual 17

3.5.1 Distributor

Electricaly distributor is divided in to 2 parts:

Input field - here main input cable is connected or connection cable to next distributor
input field is done paralel connection
- input cable length and type are inserted
- protection type is to be inserted, if not in setting screen

Output field - represent busbar where output current circuits are connected
- only factor of simultanesity (demand factor) is inserted
- manualy insert of power consumption

Graphical icon of distributor is also divided in 2 parts:

When connecting other distributors in network there are following options:

throu input field paralel connecting

throu output field serial connection as subdistributor

When DB2 is connected paralel to DB1, only protection for both distributors is calculated and positioned
in CP, but written in input fields of DB1 and DB2.

When connecting DB11 as subdistributor it is like a current circuit of DB1

Here is an example of both connections:

When inserting data for distributor the input cable data have to be inserted. On the output side of
distributor we can manualy insert the power consumption by phases if we have no data for each current
circuit.

For inserting method of installation and arrangement for cable or conductors there is an graphical
screen when clicking on blank square or icon. This menu is compound on the base of International
Standard IEC 60364-5-52, Annex A. The letters (2 digit) and item numbers (3 digits) are identical to the
standard except C, F and G where they are divided in C1 and C2, F1 and F2 and G1 and G2.
 ELIN User`s Manual 18

3.5.2 Current circuit

Current circuit is phisicaly connected to busbar presented in output field of distributor and with a wide
black line. Each current circuit is represented by its icon, with its own label and data. A label can have
8 characters, for description 30 characters are left.

After defining protection also the icon changes accordingly.

3.5.3 Load

Depending on type of circuit (1P or 3P) the suitable part of database is opened.

As database is opened every sort of loads can be inserted, and multiply factor can be used.

Viewing database is done by typing icon .

If there is no suitable load in database then we can do following:

- make a new load manualy as temporary one
- open database, insert a new load and save it, and select it

At manual insert not all data are to be inserted.

3.5.4 Database

In database following procedure must be done:

new delete edit

When pointing to + a new line for load is open. With icon edit the data can be edit.

Each load has some typical data (1P/3P, P, cos Fi) and some extra:
- kind of load
A general load
L light
M motor
O outlet
C capacitor

- min. value of protection (for instance: for lights 10A instead of calculated value)
 ELIN User`s Manual 19

- code (optionaly for connection to other systems)

- graphical symbol
After inserting or editing it can be saved or cancelled:

As it is seen in example there can be also more loads connected and calculated for one circuit. In this
case the cable length is calculated as geometrical sum of power.
 ELIN User`s Manual 20

4. CALCULATIONS

After the entire network has been constructed, calculations can follow. Program ELIN calculates
(dimensions) cables and protection of the whole network in one step.

Calculation is made in two directions, from the last load to the connection point (CP) and vice versa.
Determination of cross-sectional area and of protective device is reached after "Seven steps" (Author
W.Rudolph: Einfuehrung in DIN 57100/VDE 0100, Berlin 1983) according to IEC 364-4-43 and IEC
364-4-473 (now IEC standards 60364-4-43 and 60364-4-473):

1) Calculation of the design current IB

2) Selection of protective device regarding its nominal current In
3) Selection or calculation of cross-sectional area of conductors of a circuit, S
4) Calculation of the max. short-circuit current Ikmax and verification of the conditions for short-circuit
protection against I1 breaking capacity
5) In TN system calculation of the short-circuit current Ikmin and verification of length of the circuit, fault
loop impedance Zs and Ia
6) Verification of proper discrimination of protective devices in series
7) Verification of voltage drop dU

Comment:

1) Design current

For calculation of IB the peak power is needed. It depends on demand factor g, which can be also
called simultaenity and all installed power in current-circuit.

Pmax = Pi x g

Pi installed power
g demand factor g
Pmax peak power

IB designed current

IB = Pmax / (U x cos Fi) for 1P system

IB = Max (IL1, IL2, IL3) for 3P system

Design current IB is also for 3P loads calculated as 3x 1P-current with 3x cosFi, so we can get for every
phase its own IB and cosFi and power diagram. The maximum of 3 IB is used in further formulas. On
this way we can even calculate compensation if needed.

2) and 3) Selecting fuse and cable

Continuous current-carrying capacity of cable or conductor Iz is a product of basic current Izo and
environment factors (temperature, number of parallel cables, method of installation) according to IEC
60364-5-52.

For calculating two conditions according to IEC 60364-4-43 and 60364-4-473 are observed:
 ELIN User`s Manual 21

1.condition /nominal current rule

IB <= In <= Iz calculation

IB current for which the current is designed

In nominal current of protective device
Iz continuous current-carrying capacity of cable or conductor

2.condition /tripping current rule

I2 <= 1,45Iz calculation

I2 tripping current ensuring effective operation of protective device

I2 = k In values for k are different but all of them are aproaching value 1,45

so we can write the second condition as:

1,45 In <= 1,45Iz

In <= Iz

but this is already included in the first condition, so if the 1. condition is fullfilled also the 2. one is
fulfilled.

4) Short circuit protection

In the next step the breaking capacity of protective device I1 is compared to maximum prospective short-
current Ik3

I1 > Ik3 calculation

Ik3 = Ikmax 3-pole short-circuit current (max.)
I1 breaking capacity of protective device

cxU
Ik3 = --------------
1.73xZ

where:
c voltage factor 0,95 considering voltage drop at terminals, fuses,..
Z total impedance from source up to the point of short current (Zmin)
U voltage between phase conductors

5) Prospective short circuit current

For calculation of proper work of protective device we have to calculate:

Ia < Ik1 calculation

where

Ia current ensuring the automatic operation of disconnecting protective device

within disconnecting time Ti
Ik1 = Ikmin 1-pole short-circuit current (min)
 ELIN User`s Manual 22

cxU
Ik1 = ------------
2xZ

c voltage factor 0,95 considering voltage drop at terminals, fuses,..

Z total impedance from source up to the point of short current (Zmax)
U voltage between phase conductor and neutral

Current Ia is gathered from time/current characteristic (I/t), which is inserted for each protective device
in database. In the case of knowing Ia we can calculate the real disconnecting time.

Curves for I/t characteristics can be put additionaly if there is a need. There are already some curves
in database which consist of 8 points (I and t). For inserting a new one program expects that the points
are all different and that they are ascending.

6) Discrimination (selectivity) of overcurrent protection

To avoid unnecessary interruption of supplies, the characteristics and settings of protective devices for
overcurrent protection shall be such that proper discrimination in their operation is ensured.

For overload protection discrimination of the protective devices is assured if the devices in series have
decreasing values of nominal current.

For short-circuit protection discrimination of the protective devices needs more investigation because
there are at short-circuit currents many times greater as normal ones.

Generally discrimination between two fuses is achieved when this factor is at least 1,6. For
2
discriminations between fuses and miniature circuit breaker the let-through I t value is important.
Program ELIN in this moment calculates only relation between two nominal currents (default value in
setting screen is 1,55).

7) Calculating voltage drop

Program ELIN calculates voltage drop in 2 parts:

- from the load to the protection device local part
- from the load over the protection device till connection point (CP) complete part

The complete voltage drop must not exceed the value (4%) written in IEC Draft 338, the new one is
under consideration.

100 x P x 2 x Ls
Ui = ------------------------------ for 1-phase system
2
xU xA

where
Ui voltage drop in %
P power consumption in W
Ls conductor length in m
2
conductor material property in S.m/mm
U line voltage in V
2
A conductor cross-sectional area in mm

In our calculations this formula is used also for 3-phase system, because we calculate the whole network
as 3 one-phase systems.
 ELIN User`s Manual 23

5. RESULTS

5.1 Printout
Two different forms of printout are prepared:

5.1.1 Output of dimensioning current-circuits

DIMENSIONING OF CURRENT-CIRCUITS
SYSTEM OF EARTHING TN-C-S

LEGEND

Owner Source of supply

Name Label (name) of distributor or current-circuit
Description Description of distributor/circuit name
Phase Phase (L1, L2, L3) for 1P circuit, otherwise 3P
for 3P circuit
Pi Installed power
g Demand factor g (simultan.)
Pmax Peak power
Pmax = Pi x g
CosFi CosFi of IB
IB Designed current
IB = Pi / (U x cos F) for 1P system
IB = Max (IL1, IL2, IL3) for 3P system
In Nominal current of protective device
MethInsta Method of installation (A1 ... G)
Arrangem. Arrangement of installation (001 ... 072)
CurrCap Current capacity of cable
Iz Current carrying capacity
Cable Cable components n x S
 ELIN User`s Manual 24

5.1.2 Output of voltage drop, fault currents and impedances of current circuits

VERIFICATION OF VOLTAGE DROPS AND IMPEDANCES

SYSTEM OF EARTHING TN-C-S

LEGEND

Name Label (name) of distributor or current-circuit

Description Description of distributor or current-circuit
Ta Disconnecting time of protective device (IEC 60364-4-41)
Ta = 5,0s for distribution circuits and final circuits for
stationary equipment only
Ta = 0,4s for 1P circuits with outlet (for portable
equipment)
Ta = 0,2s for 3P circuits with outlet (for portable
equipment)
Ta = 0,1s for places with danger of explosion
IB Designed current
IB = Pi / (U x cos F) for 1P system
IB = Max (IL1, IL2, IL3) for 3P system
FuType Type of protective device
In Nominal current of protective device
Cable Cable components n x S
L[m] Average length of cable
dUper Permitted voltage drop
dUcal Calculated voltage drop
Ia Operating current in the disconnecting time
Ik1=Imin Minimum shortcut current of fault loop
Zk1 Impedance of fault loop at current Ik1
Ik3=Imax Maximum shortcut current of fault loop
Zk3 Impedance of fault loop at current Ik3
 ELIN User`s Manual 25

5.2 Plot
5.2.1 Plotting of one-pole schemes

After calculations are done circuit diagram for every distributor used can be generated automatically and
used in SEE Electrical V4 (Circuit diagrams with help of autodiagramming) as one-pole schemes. All
these diagrams are composed of graphical segments, which contains graphical symbol with data.

Scheme generation is done with function "Izris", which creates two *.xls files in projects directory
(c:\Program Files\SEE Electrical V4\Projects\). These two files are named projectname_scheme.xls
and projectname_grm.xls. In Autodiagramm function further settings are set for one-pole schemes
plotting in SEE Electrical V4.

One-pole scheme is plotted automatically and saved with suggested system name which includes
projectname, distributor and plan number. If more than 9 phase circuits are used new page is created
automatically with higher number.

Generated schemes have following names:

projectname_scheme.xls

one pole scheme of distributors

 ELIN User`s Manual 26

5.2.2 Plotting complete network

Another file is generated in projects folder named:

projectname _grm.xls

This file is used for basic one-pole scheme generation. It can be generated in three steps depending on
settings made:

1. step (one pole scheme of distributors, circuits and consumers)

2. step (one pole scheme of distributors and circuits)

3. step (one pole scheme of distributors)

1. step
ELIN User`s Manual 27

2. step

3. step
 ELIN User`s Manual 28

6. MAKING A PROJECT

6.1 Project setting

 ELIN User`s Manual 29

6.2 Saving project as

The name of the project is done via Save as command. (There is no saving in DEMO)

6.3 Editing main distributor

The other data of a distributor are inserted in edit screen. Pointed data should be entered. Red fields are
already calculated and with error (no data!), yellow fields should be filled in.

With a command manually all data of power consumption (load) can be written in this screen this is
possible for all distributors, except the first one.

First enter is cable type then number of wires, crosssection does not matter because it will be calculated
later. The method of installation is selected from the list which is written for the selected cable type in
database.
 ELIN User`s Manual 30

If there is a sign on the side it means it can be changed by program. Otherwise with a sign we
fixed the data and program will use it as constant.

6.4 Inserting current-circuit

Using button Add circuit, it opens menu for 1P/3P circuit. Entering the needed data on the same way as
distributor data except cable length which will be written in the inserted load screen. With a command
manually all data of power consumption (load) can be written in this screen.

6.5 Inserting load

Using icon for inserting load only selected (1P or 3P) loads from database are seen. The selected item
with its data (power, cosFi, kind of load, graphical symbol) is inserted.
 ELIN User`s Manual 31

If multiplyer is needed there is a field to enter it. If the load from database does not suite we can make a
new one by opening database. In database open flyer loads

and use sign for a new insert. By clicking

it is saved and in the next step it can be used. The cable length should be entered.

If load should be only temporary, command manually should be used.

 ELIN User`s Manual 32

At the beginning all 1-phase loads are connected to phase L1, with button program ELIN spread
optimaly the power consumption of the whole network among the phases. With a look into power
diagram it is possible to see the consumption in every point.

Calculation is made by pressing icon . If there is some error in calculations the icon get a red
underline to pay attention. Also the icon of distributor or current-circuit get a red frame, and the fields with
error in the screens are red. After removing bad data or entering needed data a new calculation shall be
done. With repeating this procedure the network becomes dimensioned and there will be no red frame or
icon any more. So the print and plot of the output can be done.

For all other questions, troubles or suggestions we are ready to answer on:

e-mail: [email protected]
mobile: +386 41 427 965
web: www.elsyst.si
ELIN User`s Manual 33