Answer Scheme

Final Examination DSM2913 Sem 2 2008/2009

Q Answer Marks
Q (a) (i) 2 1 1
t 2 - e 2t + 1�
L�
� �= s 3 - s - 2 + s A2
1
(for any 2 correct answer A1)

(a) (ii) 1 d �s �
te -t - t cos t �
L�
� �= - ( -1)
( s + 1)
2
ds �
�s2 + 1�
� A1+ M1
(A1-1st answer correct)

=
1
+ � (
�s 2 + 1 ( 1) - s ( 2 s ) �
�) (M1-formula)

( s + 1) � ( � )
2 2

� s +1
2
� M1
1 s + 1 - 2s
2 2 (M1-correct quotient rule
= + -neglecting wrong diff)
( s + 1) ( )
2 2
s2 +1
1 1- s2 A1
= +
( s + 1) (s ) (A1-all correct)
2 2
2
+1
(a) (iii) �2 �
�2 5 9 � 5 �2 � � 3 �
M1 + M1
L -1� - 3+ 2 =L � -1
- �3 �+ 3 � 2 �
�
�s + 6 s s -9� � � s + 6 2 �s � �s - ( 3) 2 �
� (M1 -1 correct factorization)
� � �
�
5
= 2e -6t - t 2 + 3sinh ( 3t ) A2
2 (A1-for any 2 correct answer)

(a) (iv) 1 A B
= + M1
( s + 1) ( s + 2 ) ( s + 1) ( s + 2 ) (correct partial fraction)
A ( s + 2 ) + B ( s + 1)
=
( s + 1) ( s + 2 )
1 = As + 2 A + Bs + B � A =1 A1
� B = -1 (correct values of A and B)

� 1 � -1� 1 1 �
L -1� �= L � - � M1
�( s + 1) ( s + 2 ) � �( s + 1) ( s + 2 ) � (correct substitution of A and B
A1
= e - t - e -2t
(b) (i) h(t ) = 1 + �
� ( 5 - t ) - 1�
�H (t - 4) + � 0-( 5-t)�
� �H (t - 5)
M2(formula)

= 1 + ( 4 - t ) H (t - 4) + ( t - 5 ) H (t - 5)
A1
= 1 - ( t - 4 ) H (t - 4) + ( t - 5 ) H (t - 5)
 (b) (ii) L [ h(t ) ] = L �
�1 - ( t - 4 ) H (t - 4) + ( t - 5 ) H (t - 5) �
�
M1

4s 5s
1 e e
= - 2 + 2 A2
s s s ( A1-for any 2 correct answer)

Q (a) (i) 1 1 1
= 2 �
2 ( s + 4) s ( s + 4) s
2

1 1
F (s) = G(s) = M1+M1
( s2 + 4) s (any selection)

1
f (t ) = sin ( 2t ) g (t ) = 1 M1+M1
(MI-1 correct ILT )
2
1
f (u ) = sin ( 2u ) g (t - u ) = 1 A1+A1
2 (A1-1 correct substitution)
� 1 � t
L-1 � 2 �= � f (u ) g (t - u )du
(�s + 4 ) s �
� �
0

t 1 M1
= � sin ( 2u ) � 1du (subst into formula)
0 2

- cos ( 2u ) �
t
�
=� � M1
� 4 �
0

�- cos ( 2t ) � �- cos ( 0 ) �
=� �- � � M1
� 4 �� 4 � (upper limit – lower limit)
- cos ( 2t ) 1
f (t ) = + A1
4 4
Q (a) (ii) �2p � �p �
2 - cos � � - cos � �
�p � �4 �+ 1 = �2 �+ 1 = 1 M1+A1
f � �=
�4 � 4 4 4 4 4
- cos ( p ) 1 - ( -1) 1 1
f (p ) = + = + = M1+A1
4 4 4 4 2
Q (b) � s + es � � s �
es M1
2 L -1 � 2 �= L -1 � 2 + 2 �
(�s + 4 ) s �
� � �
� ( s + 4 ) s ( s + 4 ) s �
�
� 1 es �
= L -1 � 2 + 2 � A1
(�s + 4 ) ( s + 4 ) s �
� �
� es �
-1 1 2
=L �� 2 + � M1
� 2 ( s + 22 ) ( s 2 + 4 ) s � (modification)
� �
sin ( 2t ) � - cos ( 2 ( t - 1) ) 1 �
= +� + �H ( t - 1) A3
2 � 4 4� (A1-first ans)
(A1-replacing t by t-1)
(A1-unit step function)
Q (a) 5- y
x=
3 2
-2 - z - 2 x M1
y=
4
7-x- y
z=
3
x = y (0) = z ( ) = 0
(0) 0

We stop until iteration 7 because max error �0.0005 .

0.0003 �0.0005

Ite x ( r +1) - x ( r ) z ( r +1) - z ( r )

rati
x(r ) y(r ) z(r ) y ( r +1) - y ( r )
on
1 2.5000 -1.7500 2.0833
2 3.3750 -2.7083 2.1111 0.8750 0.9583 0.0278
3 3.8542 -2.9549 2.0336 0.4792 0.2466 0.0775 M1
4 3.9775 -2.9972 2.0066 0.1233 0.0423 0.0270 (correct method)
5 3.9986 -3.0010 2.0008 0.0211 0.0038 0.0058 A3
6 4.0005 -3.0005 2.0000 0.0019 0.0005 0.0008 (correct values)
7 4.0003 -3.0002 2.0000 0.0002 0.0003 0.0000
�x � �4.0003 �
�� � �
So, �y �= �-3.0002 � A1
�z � �2.0000 � (all correct)
�� � �
Q (b) (i) 1 �6 -4 �
A-1 = � � M2
3 (6)(1) - (4)(2) �-2 1 �
(M1-1/determinant)
�-3 2 � (M1-arranging matrix)
=� �
�1 -1 �
� 2 � A1
�5 -2 �
BT = � 3�
�
�-7 A1
� 2�
C = (2)( -4) - 0 = -8 A1
�-3 2 � �5 -7 ��5 -2 �
� �+ � �
� �
-1
�1 -1 � �-2 3 ��-7
3�
A + BB T
=� 2 �� 2�
� 2� M1
C -8 (subst. all)
41 �
� -3 2 � � �74 - 2 �
� �+ � �
�1 -1 � � 41 25 �
� 2 � �- � M1+A1
= � 2 4 � (M1-product of matrices)
-8 (A1-correct answer)
� -37 �
71
-1 � 2 �
= � �
8 �-39 23 �
� � A1
�2 4 �
(any answer)
�-71 37 �
�8 16 � �-8.88 2.31 �
=� �@� �
�39 23 � �2.44 0.72 �
� �
�16 32 �
Q (b) (ii) ( AB )T = B T AT
3
�5 -7 �
�1 4�� 3�
AB = � M1
�
� �
�2 6 �- 2
� 2�
�-3 -1 �
=�
�-2 -5 �
�
�-3 -2 �
( AB )T = � �
�-1 -5 � A1

� 1 2�
AT = � �
� 4 6�
�5 -2 �
�1 2�
B A =�
T T
3
�
� �
� -7 �
�4 6� M1
� 2�
� -3 -2 �
=� � A1
�-1 -5 �
B1
\ ( AB )T = BT AT (statement)
Q (a) x - 4 2 y +1 z - 3
= =
4 2 -3 3
� 1�
y - �- �
x-4 � 2 �= z - 3 M1
=
2 3 3 (modification)
-
2
3
v = 2, - ,3 A1
2
2
� 3� A1
v = ( 2) + �- �+ ( 3) = 3.9051
2 2

� 2�
3
2, - ,3 M1
v 2
Unit vector, u = v = 3.9051
(unit vector formula)
A1
= 0.5121, -0.3841, 0.7682 (must 4 decimal places)
Q (b) i j k
4 M1
5 6 -7
u× v =
5 4 1
= [(6)(1) - (-7)(4)]i - [(5)(1) - ( -7)(5)] j + [(5)(4) - (6)(5)]k M1
(correct formula)
= (6 + 28)i - (5 + 35) j + (20 - 30)k
= 34i - 40 j - 10k A1
i j k
34 -40 -10 M1
( u �v ) �(u �v) =
34 -40 -10
= (400 - 400) i - ( -340 + 340) j + ( -1360 + 1360)k
A1
=0
(must write as zero vector)
Q (c) (i) i 2 = ( - 1) 2 = -1
4 i 9 = (i 4 ) 2  i = (1) 2  i = i A1
(ii) 5 [cos 20  + i sin 20  ]  4 [cos115  - i sin 115  ]
= 5[cos 20  + i sin 20 ]  4 [cos 245 + i sin 245 ]
M1 (change angle)
= 20 [cos 265 + i sin 265 ]
= -1.7431 -19.9239i M1 (product formula)
A1 (4 decimal places)
(d) z = 2i = 2[cos 90  + i sin 90  ] M1 (polar form)
z = 2 [cos(90 �4) + i sin(90o �4)]
4 4 o
M1 (power formula)
= 16[cos 360 + i sin 360 ]
o o

A1
1
set w = 4 3
(z ) , and use de Moivre’s theorem;
1 1
360 360
w1 = ( z 4 ) 3 = 16 3 [cos + i sin ]
3 3
= 3 16[cos120  + i sin 120  ]
A1
360 
Separated for an interval of = 120  , hence the other roots are
3
w2 = 3 16[cos 240  + i sin 240  ]
w3 = 3 16[cos 360 + i sin 360  ] A1

A1
Q (a) (i) dy y + x M ( x, y )
= =
5 dx x N ( x, y )

From M ( x, y ) = y + x , For N ( x, y ) = x,
M (l x, l y ) = ( l y ) + ( l x ) N (l x , l y ) = l x M1+M1
= l ( y + x) = l N ( x, y )
= l M ( x, y )

M and N are homogeneous functions with same degree, n=1. Thus the B1
ODE is a homogeneous equation.
Q (a) (ii) dy dv
5 Use substitution y = vx, =v+ x
dx dx
dv vx + x
v+x = M1
dx x
dv
x = v +1- v
dx M1
dx
�dv = �
x A1
v = ln x + c
M1
y
= ln x + c
x
y = x ln x + cx A1
(any answer)

Q (b) (i) P = -k and Q = - 30k

5
r (t ) = e � = e - kt
Pdt
M1+A1
d -kt
(e  T ) = -30k e - kt
dt M1

e - kt  T = -  30k e - kt dt

e - kt
e -kt  T = -30k +c
-k
The solution is T (t ) = 30 + cekt M1

A1
Q (b) (ii) - 30
5 When t = 10, T = 0  0 = 30 + ce k10  ce10k = -30  c = M1+A1
e10 k
When t = 20, T = 15  15 = 30 + ce k 20  ce 20k = -15 
- 30
e 20 k = -15 M1
e10 k
1 1 1
e10 k =  k = ln = -0.0693
2 10 2 A1

- 30 - 30
c= 10 k
= = -60
e 1/ 2 A1

Q (b) (iii) When t = 0, T = 30 - 60e k ( 0) = -30  F M1+A1

5 (must have unit)
Q (a) y  - 2 y  + y = 0  m 2 - 2m + 1 M1
6 = (m - 1)(m - 1) = 0  m = 1
A1
\ y c = ( A + Bx)e x = Ae x + Bxe x
A1
So let, y1 = e x , y2 = xe x
y1 y2 ex xe x
W = = x M1
y1 y 2 e xe x + e x
= e x ( xe x + e x ) - xe x e x
= e2 x A1
y F ( x)
y F ( x) v = �1 dx + B M1+M1
u = - �2 dx + A and W
W
ex ex
xe x e x = �2 x dx + B
= - �2 x dx + A e x
e x
1
= -�
1 dx + A = �dx + B
x
= -x + A = ln x + B A1+A1

the general solution; y = uy1 + vy2 .

y = ( - x + A) e x + ( ln x + B ) xe x A1
Q (b) (i) �d 2 y dy �
6 L � 2 - 3 + 2 y �= L {2e 3t }
�dt dt
 2 M2
s 2Y ( s ) - s y (0) - y (0) - 3[ sY ( s ) - y (0)] + 2Y ( s ) = (M1-each side)
s -3
2 M1
s 2Y ( s ) - 5s - 7 - 3sY ( s) + 15 + 2Y ( s) =
s-3 (subst initial conds)
2
( s 2 - 3s + 2)Y ( s ) = + 5s - 8 A1
s-3
1  2  A1
Y ( s) =  + 5s - 8 
2
( s - 3s + 2)  s - 3 
Q (b) (ii) 2 2 (5s - 8)(s - 3) 5s 2 - 23s + 26
+ 5s - 8 = + = M1
6 s -3 s -3 s -3 s -3 (multiply n divide by s-3)
1  5s 2 - 23s + 26 
Y ( s) =  
( s - 1)( s - 2)  s -3 

5s 2 - 23s + 26 A B C
= + +
( s - 3)( s - 1)( s - 2) s - 3 s -1 s - 2 M1
5s 2
- 23s + 26 = A( s - 1)( s - 2) + B ( s - 3)( s - 2) + C ( s - 3)( s - 1) (correct partial fraction)
s = 3  2 = 2A  A = 1
s = 1  8 = 2B  B = 4
s = 2  0 = -C  C = 0
A1
1 4
Y ( s) = + (all correct)
s - 3 s -1

A1
Q (b) (iii) -1  1 4 
y (t ) = L  + 
6  s - 3 s - 1
= e3t + 4et A1
(all correct)