V1.2.

cover

IBM TotalStorage Virtual

Tape Server
Implementation and Planning
(Course Code SS23)

Student Notebook

ERC 2.0

IBM Learning Services

Worldwide Certified Material
Student Notebook

Trademarks
IBM® is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation.
The following are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United
States, or other countries, or both:
AIX AS/400 CICS
DB2 DFSMS/MVS DFSMSdfp
DFSMSdss DFSMShsm DFSMSrmm
ESCON IBM IMS
Magstar MVS OS/2
OS/390 OS/400 Perform
RACF RMF RS/6000
S/390 System/390 Tivoli
TotalStorage VSE/ESA
Other company, product, and service names may be trademarks or service marks of
others.

December 2002 Edition

The information contained in this document has not been submitted to any formal IBM test and is distributed on an “as is” basis without
any warranty either express or implied. The use of this information or the implementation of any of these techniques is a customer
responsibility and depends on the customer’s ability to evaluate and integrate them into the customer’s operational environment. While
each item may have been reviewed by IBM for accuracy in a specific situation, there is no guarantee that the same or similar results will
result elsewhere. Customers attempting to adapt these techniques to their own environments do so at their own risk. The original
repository material for this course has been certified as being Year 2000 compliant.

© Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2001, 2002. All rights reserved.
This document may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM.
Note to U.S. Government Users — Documentation related to restricted rights — Use, duplication or disclosure is subject to restrictions
set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
V1.2.2
Student Notebook

TOC Contents
Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

Course Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Unit 1. VTS Configuration and Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Unit Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
1.1 VTS Configurations and Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
VTS Minimum Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
VTS Maximum Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
VTS Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Host and Library Manager Attachment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7
B18 ESCON High-Performance Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8
B18 SCSI Attachment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9
B18 VTS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10
B18 VTS Channel Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
D12 Features for VTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
B10/B20 VTS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
L!x Features for VTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
Unit Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15

Unit 2. Implementation and Installation Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Unit Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2.1 Implementation and Installation Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Installation Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Defining a VTS to S/390 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
B18 Configuration Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
B18 Configuration Example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Using HCD to Define a VTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
LIBPORT ID and Library ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Library ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Missing Interrupt Handler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
SCSI Attachment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
SCSI Attachment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
SCSI Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
SCSI 3490E Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
SCSI Library Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Addressing Logical Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Emulated 3490E Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
SCSI Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Defining Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Library Manager Setup 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Volume Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Contents iii

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part
without the prior written permission of IBM.
Student Notebook

Library Manager Setup 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-23

Space Reclamation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-24
VTS Management Policies (1 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-25
VTS Management Policies (2 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-26
VTS Management Policies (3 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-27
Reclaim Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-28
Unit Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-29

Unit 3. Software Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Unit Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
3.1 Software Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
System Managed Tape Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
System-Managed Tape Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
SMS Tape Controls (prior to FC4001) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
SMS Tape Controls with FC 4001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
SMS Tape Implementation Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8
SYS1.PARMLIB Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
Library Identifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-10
Library Sequence Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-11
HCD Library Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-12
ISMF Library Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-13
Tape Configuration Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-14
SMS Tape Constructs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-15
Data Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-16
Storage Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-17
Tape Storage Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-18
ACS Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-19
Using Multiple Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-20
Using VTS Libraries with Pooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-21
Library Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-22
TCDB Display 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-23
TCDB Display 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-24
Tape SMS and BTLS Compared . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-25
Unit Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-26

Unit 4. Virtual Tape Server Partitioning and Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Unit Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
4.1 Partitioning and Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Challenges for Multisystem Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4
Platform Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
Partitioning and Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6
Basic Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
Volume Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-8
Partitioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-9
Assigning Volumes to Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-10
Partitioning with System-Managed Tape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-11
Partitioning with BTLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-12

iv IBM TotalStorage Virtual Tape Install & Planning © Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002
Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part
without the prior written permission of IBM.
V1.2.2
Student Notebook

TOC Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

Sharing with JES3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14
Sharing with JES2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15
Planning for Sharing Tapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
Sharing Controls with SMT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17
Unit Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18

Unit 5. Virtual Tape Server Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Unit Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5.1 Virtual Tape Server Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Points to Note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Information Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Initial State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
After Six Months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Statistics After Six Months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
What Happened . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Twelve Months Later . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
What Happened . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
After 15 Months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
After 17 Months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
After 18 Months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16
Statistics After Upgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
What Happened After Upgrading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18
After 20 Months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Statistics After 20 Months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20
Active Data Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
What Happened After 20 Months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22
Unit Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23

Unit 6. Virtual Tape Server Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1

Unit Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
6.1 Virtual Tape Server Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Operational Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
Library Manager Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
Mode Pull-down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Status Pull-Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
Operational Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Component Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
Queues Pull-down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
Database Pull-down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11
Search Database for Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
List Database Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Find Logical Volume Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14
Find Logical Volume Home LIC 527 LM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
List Stacked Volume Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Contents v

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part
without the prior written permission of IBM.
Student Notebook

List Stacked Volume Contents LIC 527 LM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-17

Commands Pull-down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-18
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-19
Volume Ranges for Stacked Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-20
Volume Ranges for Stacked Volumes LIC 527 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-21
Inserting Logical Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-22
Inserting Logical Volumes LIC 527 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-23
Ejecting Stacked Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-24
Ejecting Stacked Volumes LIC 527 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-25
Set Category Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-26
Set Management Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-27
Set Management Policies LIC 527 (1 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-28
Set Management Policies LIC 527 (2 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-29
Set Management Policies LIC 527 (3 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-30
Inserting Stacked Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-31
Set Up Stand-alone Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-32
Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-33
Interventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-34
Options Pull-down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-35
Unit Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-36

Unit 7. Planning and Exploiting VTS Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1

Unit Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-2
7.1 Planning and Exploiting VTS Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
VTS Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-4
VMA Extract Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-5
VMA Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-6
Planning for VTS Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-7
Planning Volume Serial Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-8
How Many Logical Volumes? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-9
Logical Volumes Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-10
How Many Stacked Volumes? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-11
Stacked Volumes Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-12
Choosing Workloads for the VTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-13
VTS Basic Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-14
Application Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-15
Common Types of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-16
VTS and DFSMShsm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-17
VTS and DFSMShsm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-18
VTS and DFSMShsm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-19
DFSMShsm Copies and Recycling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-20
DFSMShsm ABARS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-21
ADSM/Tivoli Storage Manager (1 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-22
ADSM/Tivoli Storage Manager (2 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-23
ADSM/Tivoli Storage Manager (3 of 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-24
DFSMSdss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-25
DFSMSdss Stand-alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-26

vi IBM TotalStorage Virtual Tape Install & Planning © Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002
Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part
without the prior written permission of IBM.
V1.2.2
Student Notebook

TOC DB2® Archive Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-27

DB2 Image Copies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-28
DB2 Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-29
CICS Journals and IMS Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-30
IMS Image Copies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-31
Batch Tape Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-32
Tape Mount Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-33
Unit Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-34

Unit 8. Monitoring and Exploiting VTS Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1

Unit Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
8.1 Monitoring and Exploiting VTS Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
Basic Performance Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
Configuration Choices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Performance Accelerator Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-6
Shared Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7
VTS Controller Processor Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8
Tape Volume Cache Access Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
Physical 3590 Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10
Stacked Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
Internal Queues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12
Processes Using Tape Volume Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
Tape Volume Cache Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14
Throttling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
Performance Evaluation Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
Overall Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-18
Channel Throughput . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
Cache Miss Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20
Virtual Drive Mount Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21
Mount Time for Specific Mounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-22
Disconnect Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23
Library Manager Statistics Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-24
VTS Active Data Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-25
VTS Data Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-26
VTS Mount Hit Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27
VTS Physical Device Mount History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-28
VTS Logical Mounts per Hour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-29
VTS Active Data Distribution (1 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-30
VTS Active Data Distribution (2 of 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-31
Performance Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-32
Unit Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-33

Unit 9. Data Migration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

Unit Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
9.1 Data Migration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
VTS Migrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Contents vii

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part
without the prior written permission of IBM.
Student Notebook

Active Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-5

Static Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-6
Identifying Static Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-7
Copying Static Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-8
Correct TMS Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-9
Correct Catalog Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-10
Tape Copy Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-11
Tape Copy Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-12
VTS Model Upgrades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-13
Model Upgrade Migration Scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-14
MES Upgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-15
MES Upgrade Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-16
MES Upgrade Outage Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-17
Parallel Operation with One Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-18
Add SMS Tape Library for B18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-19
Add SMS Storage Group for B18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-20
Parallel Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-21
Migration Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-22
Parallel Operations 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-23
Parallel Operations 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-24
Parallel Operation Migration Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-25
Physical Cartridge Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-26
Physical Cartridge Movement Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-27
Physical Cartridge Movement Outage Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-28
Comparing Migration Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-29
Other Migrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-30
Migrating to EHPO Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-31
Effects of Adding EHPO Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-32
Migrating to 3590E VTS Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-33
Migrating to 3590E Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-34
Migrating to the Performance Accelerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-35
Migrating to the Performance Accelerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-36
Unit Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9-37

Unit 10. Import/Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1

Unit Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-2
10.1 Import/export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Import/Export Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-4
Import/Export Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-5
Import/Export Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-6
Import/Export Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-7
Import/Export Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-8
Import/Export Software Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-9
VTS Prerequisites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-10
VTS Drives for Import/Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-11
Import/Export Planning Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-12
Export Process Flow 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-13

viii IBM TotalStorage Virtual Tape Install & Planning © Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002
Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part
without the prior written permission of IBM.
V1.2.2
Student Notebook

TOC Export Process Flow 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14

Export Hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15
Export Hints Concerning APM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-16
Export Process Flow 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-17
Export Process Flow 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18
Export Status File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19
Library Manager Export Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-20
Import Process Flow 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-21
Library Manager Unassigned Volumes Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22
Import Process Flow 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-23
Import List File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-24
Import List File with APM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-25
Import List File with APM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26
Import Process Flow 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-27
Import Process Flow 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-28
Import Process Flow 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-29
Library Manager Import Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-30
Starting Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31
Starting Import . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-32
Library Manager Cancel Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-33
OAM Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-34
OAM Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-35
Display SMS,LIBRARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-36
Display SMS, LIBRARY with APM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-37
Library Manager Queues Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-38
Tape Library Management Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-39
DFSMSrmm Support 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-40
DFSMSrmm Support 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-41
DFSMSrmm Volume Details 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-42
DFSMSrmm Volume Details 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-43
CA-1 Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-44
DITTO/ESA Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-45
Sample JCL for IMPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-46
Unit Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-47

Unit 11. Data Recovery and Problem Determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

Unit Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2
11.1 Data Recovery and Problem Determination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3
VTS Resilience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4
IBM Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5
Error Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6
Simple Network Management Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7
SNMP Monitoring Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-8
SNMP Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9
SNMP Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-10
Enhanced Messaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-11
Call Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-12

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Contents ix

Course materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part
without the prior written permission of IBM.
Student Notebook

VTS Unique Symptoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-13

Read-only Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-14
VTS Failure Impact 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-15
VTS Failure Impact 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-16
VTS Disaster Recovery Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-17
VTS Disaster Recovery Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-18
VTS Disaster Recovery Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-19
Unit Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11-20

Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X-1

x IBM TotalStorage Virtual Tape Install & Planning © Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002
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V1.2.2
Student Notebook

TMK Trademarks
The reader should recognize that the following terms, which appear in the content of this
training document, are official trademarks of IBM or other companies:
IBM® is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation.
The following are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation in the United
States, or other countries, or both:
AIX® AS/400® CICS®
DB2® DFSMS/MVS® DFSMSdfp™
DFSMSdss™ DFSMShsm™ DFSMSrmm™
ESCON® IBM® IMS™
Magstar® MVS™ OS/2®
OS/390® OS/400®
RACF® RMF™ RS/6000®
S/390® System/390® Tivoli®
TotalStorage™ VSE/ESA™
Other company, product, and service names may be trademarks or service marks of
others.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Trademarks xi

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without the prior written permission of IBM.
Student Notebook

xii IBM TotalStorage Virtual Tape Install & Planning © Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002
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V1.2.2
Student Notebook

pref Course Description

IBM TotalStorage Virtual Tape Server Implementation and Planning

Duration : 3 days

Purpose
This course will cover the main topics that the students will need when
planning for the installation of a VTS, choosing the data to move into a
VTS, and setting up procedures for the continued monitoring of a VTS.
The course will follow on from SS22 and will introduce some topics
and also cover some topics (such as definition and Tape SMS) in
greater depth.

Audience
Information technology personnel who will use the VTS in their jobs to
create, store, and retrieve data sets. Jobs would include operators,
database administrators, storage administrators, and systems
programmers.

Prerequisites
Students should have fundamental storage management skills. These
skills could be obtained by attending Introduction to Data Storage
Subsystems (SS05/J3700) and Storage Management Fundamentals,
(SS06/J3701).
Students should also have a basic understanding of the VTS. This
understanding could be obtained by attending Magstar VTS Concepts
(SS22).

Objectives
• Enable the students to describe the different configuration options
for a Virtual Tape Server and associated 3494 Tape Library.
• Enable the students to define a Virtual Tape Server to host systems
• Enable the students to identify the data that should be moved into a
VTS

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Course Description xiii

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Student Notebook

• Enable the students to use the 3494 Library Manager to implement

VTS management policies and operate the Virtual Tape Server
• Provide a basic understanding of partitioning and sharing a tape
library
• Enable the students to set up the host software to use a Virtual
Tape Server effectively
• Enable the students to understand how to perform problem
determination for a Virtual Tape Server

Curriculum relationship
• SS05 is a prerequisite
• SS06 is a prerequisite
• SS22 is a prerequisite

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V1.2.2
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pref Agenda

Day 1
Welcome
Unit 1 - VTS configurations and options
Unit 2 - Implementation and installation considerations
Unit 3 - Software interactions
Uit 4 - Partitioning and sharing
Unit 5 - VTS management

Day 2
Unit 6 - VTS operations
Unit 7 - Planning and exploiting VTS capacity
Unit 8 - Monitoring and exploiting VTS performance
Unit 9 - Data migration

Day 3
Unit 10 - Import/export
Unit 11 - Data recovery and problem determination

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Agenda xv

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Student Notebook

xvi IBM TotalStorage Virtual Tape Install & Planning © Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002
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V1.0.1 BKM2MIF
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Unit 1. VTS Configuration and Options

What This Unit Is About

This unit covers physical planning information and also looks at the
main features that may be chosen.

What You Should Be Able to Do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:
• Understand the physical planning implications of a VTS
• Understand the host attachment options

References
GA32-0279 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Introduction and
Planning Guide
GA32-0329 Magstar 3590 Tape Subsystem Introduction and
Planning Guide

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 1. VTS Configuration and Options 1-1
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Unit Objectives

At the end of this unit, you should be able to:

Understand key physical planning items
Understand the main 3494 and VTS features
Describe the host attachment options

Figure 1-1. Unit Objectives SS232.0

Notes:

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1.1 VTS Configurations and Options

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 1. VTS Configuration and Options 1-3
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VTS Minimum Configuration

LAN

3494-B18/B10/B20

SCSI

3494-L1x
3494-D12

Figure 1-2. VTS Minimum Configuration SS232.0

Notes:
The IBM TotalStorage Virtual Tape Server is housed in two frames of a 3494: an IBM Model
Bxx VTS Frame and IBM D12 Frames. The D12 Frame is located anywhere in the 3494,
whereas the Model Bxx VTS frame can be located at a distance of up to 14 m from the D12
Frame. The configuration shown above is a two-frame 3494 with a Model B18 VTS frame,
which is the minimum configuration when a VTS is installed. The L1x Frame has the option
of having additional non-VTS drives if required; the type and number of drives depend upon
the L1x Frame model.
The minimum configuration can be enhanced to a library of up to 16 frames by adding other
D1x Frames, IBM 3494-S10 Frames, and the D12 Frame for a second VTS in the same
tape library.

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VTS Maximum configuration

data compression
ESCON / SCSI feature

ESCON ESCON ESCON ESCON ESCON ESCON ESCON ESCON

PCI

pSeries 660 Model 6H1 PCI SCSI

3590 3590

Tape 3590 3590

Daemon I/O Bus 3590 3590
Base LIC
SCSI
SCSI (1)
AIX Adapter
SCSI
3590 3590

3590 3590
PCI 216/432 GB + 864 GB
SSA
Adapter 3590 3590
SSA hdisk hdisk hdisk hdisk SSA
6+P 6+P 6+P 6+P SCSI

SSA hdisk hdisk hdisk hdisk SSA

6+P 6+P 6+P 6+P
(1)
+ 432 GB Only 6 drives are configurable to a Model B10 VTS

Figure 1-3. VTS Maximum Configuration SS232.0

Notes:
The VTS is available in different configurations in terms of the number and type of
channels, host system attachments, sizes of TVC, and the number of physical Magstar
tape drives that are dedicated to the VTS. The diagram above shows the maximum
configurations for a VTS. Maximum configuration is dependent on the VTS model. For
example, up to six 3590 tape drives are supported on Model B10 VTS.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 1. VTS Configuration and Options 1-5
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VTS Configurations
B18 VTS B18 VTS
B18 B10 B20
+EHPO + PAF

Tape Volume Cache (GB) 72 - 288 216 - 864 1 * 648 - 5184 *1 648 - 1296 *1 2592 - 5184 *1
Virtual Drives 32 32 / 64 64 / 128 64 128 / 256

Physical Tape Drives 3-6 3-6 4 - 12 4-6 6 - 12

Virtual Volumes 250,000 250,000 250,000 250,000 250,000

ESCON Only Attachments 2 2/4 4/8 2/4 8 / 16

SCSI Only Attachments No 2/4 2/4 2/4/8 8

ESCON / SCSI Channels No up to 2 / 2 up to 4 / 4 up to 4 / 8 up to 8 / 8

FICON Channels No No No up to 4 up to 8

FICON / ESCON Channels No No No 2/4 4/4

Logical Volume Size (GB) .4 / .8 1.2 / 2.4 *1 1.2 / 2.4 1

* 1.2 / 2.4 1
* 1.2 / 2.4 1*
Open System Support No Yes Yes Yes Yes

Import / Export No Yes

*2 Yes *2 Yes
*2 Yes *2
*1 assumes a data compression factor of 3:1
*2 requires OS/390 or Z/OS

Figure 1-4. VTS Configurations SS232.0

Notes:
This table compares the possible configuration matrix between each VTS model with
detailed configuration options and considerations.

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Host and Library Manager Attachment

ESCON host attachment

Two ESCON channels
(two or four with EHPO)



Distance up to 43 km 



Library Manager attachment

 


  
Attachment Concentrator
()

D12 Frame
%&
%&
%&
%&
%&
%&

     
B18 Frame '

D12-B18 frame connection

All drives attached to both ! #
"

 

SCSI buses !"#  $ 

  ""
Up to 14 m (46 ft) between B18


and D12

Figure 1-5. Host and Library Manager Attachment SS232.0

Notes:
Detailed physical planning information is in the Magstar 3494 Introduction and Planning
Guide, GA32-0279. All frames except storage frames need front and rear service
clearance. The storage frame does not need clearance at the rear.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 1. VTS Configuration and Options 1-7
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Student Notebook

B18 ESCON High-Performance Option

ESCON attachments
Compression on ESCON Attachment
Two Enhanced ESCON Channels replaces standard
channels
Two more Optional Enhanced ESCON Channels
Higher Subsystem Capacities (using compression)
72, 144, 216, 288 GB uncompressed cache capacity
Up to 216, 432, 648, 864 GB cache capacity (3:1 ratio)
Up to 64 Virtual Drives per VTS requires 144 GB TVC
requires EHPO
Up to 250,000 Logical Volumes per VTS Subsystem
Up to 500,000 Logical Volumes per 3494

Figure 1-6. B18 ESCON High-Performance Option SS232.0

Notes:

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B18 SCSI Attachment

Optional feature #3422

Still need ESCON attachment either #3200 or #3400
Feature adds SCSI card
Two ports
Two connectors
Two terminators
Microcode prerequisites
VTS 2.17.8.0 or higher
LM 523.01 or higher

Figure 1-7. B18 SCSI Attachment SS232.0

Notes:

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 1. VTS Configuration and Options 1-9
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B18 VTS Features

Min. Max. Description
Qty. Qty.
2710/11/12 0 1 Remote Support and Call Home
3400 0 1 Extended High Performance Option
3412 1 2 Extended Performance ESCON channels
3422 0 2 SCSI Host Attachment
3703 1 1 72 GB Disk Storage Capacity for TVC
3704 0 1 144/216 GB Disk Storage Capacity for TVC
3705 0 4 288/432 GB Disk Storage Capacity for TVC
4000 0 1 Advanced Function
5001-5004 0 2 SCSI cables
5234 1 1 18 m SCSI cables
5236 0 1 Performance Accelerator
9106 0 1 RS/6000 attachment
9109 0 1 ES/9000 attachment
9201 0 1 VTS Open Systems Device Drivers
9986 0 1 6 ft. Chicago Power cord

* No longer available for installation

Figure 1-8. B18 VTS Features SS232.0

Notes:
These are the main features that may be installed on a B18.
You may choose different host attachment options. The attachment features should match
so that you get the right device drivers for SCSI attachment.

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B18 VTS Channel Combinations

#3302 #3412 #3422

#3200
1
1
1
2
#3400 1
2
1 1
1 2

#3422 is SCSI attachment

Figure 1-9. B18 VTS Channel Combinations SS232.0

Notes:
Note that feature #3200 comprises both microcode and ESCON cards. Feature #3400 is
microcode only so ESCON cards must be ordered in addition.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 1. VTS Configuration and Options 1-11
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D12 Features for VTS

Min. Max. Description

Qty. Qty.

5233 1 1 SCSI Extender

9010 1 1 VTS Attached Model D12

Figure 1-10. D12 Features for VTS SS232.0

Notes:
The SCSI extender feature is required for VTS attachment.

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B10/B20 VTS Features

Min. Max. Description
Qty. Qty.
2710/11/12 0 1 Remote Support and Call Home
3412 0 4 Extended Performance ESCON channels
3422 0 4 SCSI Host Attachment
4000 0 1 Advanced Function
5001-5004 0 4 SCSI cables
5235 1 2 20 m SCSI cables
5264 0 2 64 additional virtual drives
9106 0 1 RS/6000 attachment (pseries)
9109 0 1 ES/9000 attachment (zseries)
9201 0 99 VTS Open Systems Device Drivers
9210 0 1 HP-UX attachment
9211 0 1 Sun attachment
9212 0 1 Windows attachment
9986 0 1 6 ft. Chicago Power cord

Figure 1-11. B10/B20 VTS Features SS232.0

Notes:
These Feature Codes can be installed on the Model B10 VTS and Model B20 VTS frame
and determine the configuration of the VTS. The Feature Codes are used to specify the
Remote Support Facility configuration, the size of the Tape Volume Cache (TVC), the type
and number of channel attachments to be shipped with the Model B10 VTS or Model B20
VTS, and other options. The table above summarizes the Feature Codes required on the
Model B10 VTS and Model B20 VTS.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 1. VTS Configuration and Options 1-13
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L1x Features for VTS

Min. Max. Description

Qty. Qty.
2710 0 1 Remote Support Facility
2711 0 1 Remote Support Switch
2712 0 1 Remote Support Attachment
5210/5230 0 1 10/30 Cartridge Convenience I/O Station
5214 1 1 Second LM HDD (replaced by mirrored disk 11/99)
5215 0 1 Dual Gripper
5226 0 1 Remote Library Manager Console
5232 1 1 Attachment Concentrator
9020 1 1 3494-B18 VTS Attachment - forces 5045 (Enhanced
LM)

Figure 1-12. L!x Features for VTS SS232.0

Notes:
The features shown in bold are required when you want to have a VTS in a library.

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Unit Summary

At the end of this unit, you should understand:

Physical planning
Review floor loadings for VTS frames
Attachment options

Figure 1-13. Unit Summary SS232.0

Notes:

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 1. VTS Configuration and Options 1-15
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Student Notebook

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V1.0.1 BKM2MIF
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Unit 2. Implementation and Installation

Considerations

What This Unit Is About

This unit discusses the initial work that needs to be done to attach a
VTS to a host system. Both System/390 ESCON attachment and
AIX® SCSI attachment are discussed. The unit also covers the tasks
that a student will need to perform at the 3494 Library Manager to
complete the installation.

What You Should Be Able to Do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:
• Define a VTS to OS/390
• Define a VTS to AIX
• Set up VTS management policies using the 3494 Library Manager

References
SC26-3051 DFSMS/MVS OAM Planning, Installation and
Storage Administration Guide for Tape Libraries
GC35-0154 IBM SCSI Tape Drive, Medium Changer and
Library Device Drivers Installation and User's
Guide

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 2. Implementation and Installation Considerations 2-1
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Unit Objectives

At the end of this unit, you should understand how to:

Plan for the main installation tasks
Define a VTS to S/390 using HCD or IOCP
Define a VTS to a SCSI host
Use the library manager to set up a VTS

Figure 2-1. Unit Objectives SS232.0

Notes:

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2.1 Implementation and Installation Considerations

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 2. Implementation and Installation Considerations 2-3
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Installation Tasks

Physical installation
Physical planning
Hardware installation
Engineer's tasks
Teach
part of installation: location of drives
Inventory
location of cells
Definition of VTS
Define device addresses
Define library to host
Set missing interrupt threshold
Define volume ranges
Set up library manager

Figure 2-2. Installation Tasks SS232.0

Notes:

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Defining a VTS to S/390

Define device addresses to S/390

Define as 3490s
IOCP
Supported for BTLS, VM, VM/VSE
HCD
Required for system managed tape
Otherwise optional
LIBPORT id

Figure 2-3. Defining a VTS to S/390 SS232.0

Notes:

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 2. Implementation and Installation Considerations 2-5
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B18 Configuration Example 1

Two channels, no ESCON Director
CNTLUNIT CUNUMBER=440,PATH=(40,50),
UNIT=3490,UNITADD=((00,16)),CUADD=0
X
Single Host
IODEVICE ADDRESS=(A40,16),UNIT=3490, X
CUNUMBER=(440),UNITADD=00 40 50
CNTLUNIT CUNUMBER=441,PATH=(40,50), X
UNIT=3490,UNITADD=((00,16)),CUADD=1
IODEVICE ADDRESS=(A50,16),UNIT=3490, X

ESCON

ESCON
CUNUMBER=(441),UNITADD=00
CNTLUNIT CUNUMBER=442,PATH=(40,50), X
UNIT=3490,UNITADD=((00,16)),CUADD=2
IODEVICE ADDRESS=(A60,16),UNIT=3490,
CUNUMBER=(442),UNITADD=00
X
B18
CNTLUNIT CUNUMBER=443,PATH=(40,50), X 441 442
UNIT=3490,UNITADD=((00,16)),CUADD=3 CUADD=1 CUADD=2
IODEVICE ADDRESS=(A70,16),UNIT=3490, X 440 443
CUNUMBER=(443),UNITADD=00
CUADD=0 CUADD=3

HCD Definitions A40 - A4F A50 - A5F

4 Control Unit, 4x16 3490 devices A60 - A6F A70 - A7F
LIBRARY = YES
LIBID = 12345
LIBPORTID = 01,02,03,04

Figure 2-4. B18 Configuration Example 1 SS232.0

Notes:
This example is for a VTS with two ESCON channels which are not attached using an
ESCON Director.
We have 64 virtual drive addresses. These are defined as four virtual 3490E subsystems,
each with 16 addresses. For each 3490E subsystem, there is a control unit definition and
the definition of 16 device addresses.
The CUADD parameter is used for each of the logical control units.

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B18 / B20 Configuration Example 2

Four channels, ESCON Director
CNTLUNIT CUNUMBER=440,PATH=(40,50,60,70), X
UNIT=3490,UNITADD=((00,16)),LINK=(D6,D7,D8,D9),CUADD=0
IODEVICE ADDRESS=(A40,16),UNIT=3490, X
CUNUMBER=(440),UNITADD=00 Single Host
CNTLUNIT CUNUMBER=441,PATH=(40,50,60,70), X
40 50 60 70
UNIT=3490,UNITADD=((00,16)),LINK=(D6,D7,D8,D9),CUADD=1
IODEVICE ADDRESS=(A50,16),UNIT=3490, X
CUNUMBER=(441),UNITADD=00 ESCD
CNTLUNIT CUNUMBER=442,PATH=(40,50,60,70), X D7 D8
UNIT=3490,UNITADD=((00,16)),LINK=(D6,D7,D8,D9),CUADD=2 D6 D9
IODEVICE ADDRESS=(A60,16),UNIT=3490, X
CUNUMBER=(442),UNITADD=00 B18
CNTLUNIT CUNUMBER=443,PATH=(40,50,60,70), X
UNIT=3490,UNITADD=((00,16)),LINK=(D6,D7,D8,D9),CUADD=3 441 442
CUADD=1 CUADD=2
IODEVICE ADDRESS=(A70,16),UNIT=3490, X
CUNUMBER=(443),UNITADD=00 440 443
CUADD=0 CUADD=3
HCD Definitions
4 Control Unit, 4x16 3490 devices A40 - A4F A50 - A5F
LIBRARY = YES
A60 - A6F A70 - A7F
LIBID = 12345
LIBPORTID = 01,02,03,04

Figure 2-5. B18 Configuration Example 2 SS232.0

Notes:
This example adds two ESCON channels to the VTS for a total of four. We also use an
ESCON Director.
This means that we must define the additional paths and we must also define the link
addresses for the ESCON Director ports.

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Using HCD to Define a VTS

Required for System Managed Tape
Optional with Basic Tape Library
Support
Use of LIBPORT ID and Library ID
Allows library to be offline at IPL
Otherwise IODF reactivation needed
For any 3494, not just VTS
Define two or four control units
Each with 16 drives
Specify LIBRARY = YES
OW25291, OW25292,
Leave link address blank if no ESCON OW25293, OW27801,
directors OW29692

LIBPORT APARs

Figure 2-6. Using HCD to Define a VTS SS232.0

Notes:
It is better to use HCD rather than IOCP as you can avoid IODF reactivation if you have the
correct service applied.
If you use system-managed tape, you must use HCD.

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LIBPORT ID and Library ID

LAN

LIBRARY-ID=60123 LIBRARY-ID=60124
LAN 3494 3494
LIBPORT-ID=01-04 LIBPORT-ID=01-04
B18 B18

SCSI

3494
D12 3494
D12 3494
D14 3494
3494
D14
L10
LIBRARY-ID=12345
LIBPORT-ID=01
LIBRARY-ID=12345
LIBRARY-ID=12345
LIBPORT-ID=03
LIBPORT-ID=02

Figure 2-7. LIBPORT ID and Library ID SS232.0

Notes:
The library ID is usually taken from the serial number of the library frame or the VTS.
The Libport ID reflects the order in which the tape control units are connected to the library
manager. In the diagram, we have:
L10 Library ID 12345, libport ID 01.
D12 None as the drives are attached to the first VTS.
D12 None as the drives are attached to the second VTS.
D14 There are native drives in this frame. We use the library frame library ID
and libport ID 02.
D14 There are native drives in this frame. We use the library frame library ID
and libport ID 03.
B18 We use the library ID of the first VTS, 60123, and libport IDs 01 to 04 (01 to
02 if we only have 32 virtual drives) to describe the logical control units.
B18 We use the library ID of the second VTS, 60124, and libport IDs 01 to 04.

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Library ID

Used in Tape SMS Library definition

Five characters
Assigned by Customer Engineer at installation time
Usually last five digits of serial number
Find
On Library Manager Operational Status panel
Using DEVSERV QTAPE,xxx,1,RDC
Up to three Library IDs
One for base 3494
One for first VTS
One for second VTS (if installed)

Figure 2-8. Library ID SS232.0

Notes:

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Missing Interrupt Handler

MVS component
Used to detect hardware problems
Action taken if no interrupt returned to signal
completion
VTS recommendation
45 minutes
Allows VTS internal recovery to complete
Set in SYS1.PARMLIB(IECIOSxx)

MIH=(0A40-0A5F),TIME=45:00

Figure 2-9. Missing Interrupt Handler SS232.0

Notes:
You do not need to set MIH values for native 3590s. The control unit (3590-A00, A50 or
A60) returns recommended MIH values when the Read Device Characteristics channel
command is issued. This is done at IPL or vary time.
The communication of recommended MIH interval is not done for 3490E drives, whether
real or virtual.

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SCSI Attachment

Still need ESCON channels

One or two SCSI cards optional
Up to 16 SCSI addresses per card
Compression in adapter card
SCSI addresses set at installation time
One SCSI ID for two drives
LUNs 0 and 1 used
SCSI reserve/release protocols supported
Still recommend dedicated addresses

Figure 2-10. SCSI Attachment SS232.0

Notes:
A VTS may have SCSI host attachments but these are in addition to ESCON attachments.
SCSI addresses consist of two parts: a SCSI ID and a logical unit number (LUN) for that ID.
VTS virtual drives emulate 3490Es exactly for addressing so the same scheme is used.
There is one SCSI id for two drives which are distinguished by using a LUN of 0 or 1.

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SCSI Attachment

B18
ESCON
ESCON All Commands/Data ESCON
Host Adapter

Drive Commands/Data
SCSI
Adapter

SCSI Bus

Internal LAN
SCSI
Library Commands
Host LAN or RS232

LM

Figure 2-11. SCSI Attachment SS232.0

Notes:
With ESCON, commands and data both flow down the channel.
With SCSI, drive commands and data flow down the SCSI bus. However, library commands
use a separate path.

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SCSI Requirements

RS/6000 and RS/6000 SP

RS/6000 SCSI adapter feature codes 2412, 6209, or
6207
AIX 3494 and 3490E device driver B18 feature code
#9201
AIX 4.2.1 and higher
SCSI attachments
SCSI-2 Fast/Wide Differential (20 MB/s)
Ultra Wide Differential (40 MB/s)
(2) 0.8 mm SCSI connectors
External termination permits daisy-chaining

Note that the 3490E device driver is used

Figure 2-12. SCSI Requirements SS232.0

Notes:
The SCSI adapters differ depending on the RS/6000 in which they are installed and
whether they are SCSI-2 or UltraSCSI.
2412 Enhanced SCSI-2 fast/wide differential
6209 PCI SCSI-2 fast/wide differential
6207 PCI UltraSCSI differential

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SCSI 3490E Device Driver

Install 3490E device driver (Atape driver)

Need root authority to install
Use smit or the installp utility

installp /dev/rfd0 Atape.driver

Configure device driver

Use cfgmgr or mkdev command

mkdev -s scsi -c tape -t 3490 -p scsi1 -w 4,0 -l rmt4

-a block_size=0

Defines 3490E called rmt4 at SCSI ID 4, LUN 0

Figure 2-13. SCSI 3490E Device Driver SS232.0

Notes:

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SCSI Library Device Driver

Preparation
Ensure RS-232 or LAN attachment to library manager
is connected
Installation
Install library device driver
Configure RS-232 port (if used) smit tty
Configure 3490s
Define 3494 to the library control daemon edit
/etc/ibmatl.conf
Configure the library manager control point using smit
Load daemon using cfgmgr

Figure 2-14. SCSI Library Device Driver SS232.0

Notes:

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Addressing Logical Drives

Control Unit 0

ESCON Adapter 0 Devices

ESCON 0

0 to 16
15 contiguous
devices *
ESCON Adapter 1 SCSI Adapter 0
ESCON
Control Unit 1 SCSI Bus 0

Devices SCSI Bus 1

0
0 to 16
contiguous
15 devices *

Control Unit 2

Devices
0 0 to 16
contiguous
devices * SCSI Adapter 1
15
SCSI Bus 2

SCSI Bus 3
Control Unit 3

Devices 0 to 16
0 contiguous
devices *

15

Figure 2-15. Addressing Logical Drives SS232.0

Notes:
Internally, drives are given addresses which reflect the System/390 addresses. The SCSI
adapters see drives depending on options set at installation time.
The default host addressing is for eight virtual drives, starting at SCSI ID 8, for each SCSI
bus interface.

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Emulated 3490E Addresses

VTS emulates 3490-C2A subsystems

SCSI Interface 0 SCSI Interface 1

(Target ID: (Target ID:
0..15) Control Unit 0..15)

Drive 1 Drive 2

(LUN 0) (LUN 1)

Figure 2-16. Emulated 3490E Addresses SS232.0

Notes:
The diagram shows how SCSI addresses real 3490E drives. The VTS emulates this
exactly for virtual drives.

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SCSI Example

Terminator RS/6000 HOST

Tri-Link adapter 4.5,10, or 20 Meter SCSI cable
SCSI Host Adapter (Feature Code 5001, 5002, or 5003)

T
 "*

Control Unit Control Unit Control Unit Control Unit

Target ID: 8 Target ID: 9 Target ID: 10 Target ID: 11
Drive 1 Drive 2 Drive 1 Drive 2 Drive 1 Drive 2 Drive 1 Drive 2

(LUN 0) (LUN 1) (LUN 0) (LUN 1) (LUN 0) (LUN 1) (LUN 0) (LUN 1)

Figure 2-17. SCSI Example SS232.0

Notes:
This shows a configuration using the defaults. There are eight virtual drives and they
occupy SCSI ids 8, 9, 10 and 11. Each SCSI id has two LUNs.

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Defining Volumes
Define to host
Virtual volumes in Tape Management System
control data set size
Stacked volumes for protection DFSMSrmm
Define to VTS example
Stacked volumes
Define before inserting cartridges
Stacked volumes owned by VTS
1000 volumes
Host not told of insert
per 1 MB in the
Distinct volume serial ranges recommended CDS
Stacked volumes
Native volumes
Logical volumes
Cleaning and CE volumes

Figure 2-18. Defining Volumes SS232.0

Notes:
When setting up a VTS, you need to ensure that you define volumes correctly.
You must define your virtual volume range to your tape library management system. You
may wish to define all the volumes that could possibly be used even though you will not
define them to the VTS at first. You should also define the volume serial numbers of your
stacked volume for additional protection.
You must also define your stacked volumes to the VTS before you insert them.

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Library Manager Setup 1

Set VOLSER range for 3590 stacked volumes

Owned by VTS - not known to host
Identify these VOLSERs to the Library Manager before
issuing inventory command to avoid host notification
Set FAST READY for VTS scratch categories
Set other VTS specific parameters
FC4001 Outboard Policy Management Constructs
Reclamation threshold and schedule
Cleaning schedule
Free storage threshold
Perform inventory
Insert/define virtual volume range
Do not insert every logical volume
that you have defined!
Figure 2-19. Library Manager Setup 1 SS232.0

Notes:

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Volume Categories
Category Description
0001 Media 1 Scratch Cartridge - Single Length - CST
0002 Media 2 Scratch Cartridge 3490 - Double Length - ECCST
000F Private (in use) Data Cartridge
FF00 Insert Volume
FF01 Stacked Volume Insert Category
FF03 Stacked Volume Scratch Category
(not used after LM LIC level 527)
FF04 Stacked Volume Private Category
(includes both scratch and private after LM LIC level 527)
FF05 Stacked Volume Disaster Recovery Category
FF06 Stacked Volume Disaster Recovery Category
FF12 Export Pending Category
FF13 Exported Category
FF14 Import Category
FF15 Import Pending Category
FF16 Unassigned Category
FF17 Export Hold Category

Figure 2-20. Volume Categories SS232.0

Notes:
The library manager assigns volumes to categories according to how they will be used.
There are some additional categories for the VTS shown in bold.

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Library Manager Setup 2

Set VOLSER range for 3590 stacked volumes

Associates the VOLSERs with a VTS

Figure 2-21. Library Manager Setup 2 SS232.0

Notes:

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Space Reclamation

Stacked Magstar Cartridges

Automatic process
Select tape with high amount of unusable space, based
on specified threshold percentage
Move all logical volumes to other stacked volumes
Return reclaimed volume to stacked scratch pool
Tape-to-tape process
Inhibit space reclamation
Through the Library Manager console
During certain periods of time

Figure 2-22. Space Reclamation SS232.0

Notes:

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VTS Management Policies (1 of 3)

Figure 2-23. VTS Management Policies (1 of 3) SS232.0

Notes:
This library manager panel is used to set up policies for the internal storage management
functions in the VTS.
You can set up:
1. The inhibit reclamation schedule
2. The reclamation threshold
3. The free space warning threshold

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VTS Management Policies (2 of 3)

Figure 2-24. VTS Management Policies (2 of 3) SS232.0

Notes:

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VTS Management Policies (3 of 3)

Used to limit access by web users to certain actions

Figure 2-25. VTS Management Policies (3 of 3) SS232.0

Notes:

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Reclaim Threshold

Library Manager panel

System Management pulldown
Set VTS Management Policies
Dynamically changeable
Reclamation Threshold
Percentage of active data before cartridge is eligible for
reclamation can be changed
Default is 10% active data
Recommendations:
Start off with 10% (default)
Increase slowly by 5%
Monitor with the LM Active Data Distribution panel
Do not go above 30-40%

Figure 2-26. Reclaim Threshold SS232.0

Notes:

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Unit Summary

After completing this unit, you should be able to:

Define VTS device addresses using HCD or IOCP
HCD with LIBPORT id preferred
Define both library and drives for SCSI attachment
Use the library manager to install a VTS
Set volume serial ranges for stacked volumes
Set fast ready for scratch categories
Set VTS management policies
Insert logical volumes
Define new volumes
To host tape management system

Figure 2-27. Unit Summary SS232.0

Notes:

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Unit 3. Software Interactions

What This Unit Is About

This unit covers the changes that the students will need to make to
support a VTS. Nearly all the tasks are relevant to the installation of a
3494 with native drives, too.
The two areas covered are the setup of system-managed tape and of
OAM support for tape libraries.

What You Should Be Able to Do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:
• Understand how the different components of system-managed tape
are related
• Set up OAM for tape library support
• Define appropriate SMS constructs for tape
• Understand the differences between Tape SMS and BTLS

References
SC26-3123 DFSMS/MVS Implementing System Managed
Storage
SC26-4920 DFSMS/MVS DFSMSdfp Storage Administration
Reference
SC26-4931 DFSMS/MVS DFSMSrmm Guide and Reference
SC26-3051 DFSMS/MVS OAM Planning, Installation and
Storage Administration Guide for Tape Libraries

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Unit Objectives

At the end of this unit you should be able to:

Describe the system-managed tape components
Understand the functions provided by system-managed
tape
Describe how system-managed tape influences tape
allocations
Set up system-managed tape

Figure 3-1. Unit Objectives SS232.0

Notes:

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3.1 Software Interactions

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System-Managed Tape Overview

Capabilities:
ACS routines determine media and library
Automatic volume insert processing
External/internal label verification
Automatic labeling at open
ISMF interface
TMS interface through installation-wide exits
Operator MVS LIBRARY and SMS commands
ICL/ACL awareness
Limitations:
Single scratch pool per media type
Non-library devices cannot be system-managed

Figure 3-2. System Managed Tape Overview SS232.0

Notes:

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System-Managed Tape Components

SMS ISMF
Address
MVS/ESA
Space CBRUXVNL
ACDS
CBRUXCUA

CBRUXEJC Tape
OAM
Mgt
Address CDS
TCDB CBRUXENT System
Space
LCS CBRXLCS

Tape Library
Drives Manager Library Virtual
Manager Tape
Database Drives

Volume
IBM IBM 3494/3495
3494 Tape Library Location Virtual Tape Server

Figure 3-3. System-Managed Tape Components SS232.0

Notes:
The diagram shows the host and library components of system-managed tape, how they
communicate, and where they store information.
The host part of system-managed tape uses the SMS address space to define the
system-managed libraries and the management policies. The library is controlled by
Library Control Services (LCS) which runs in the OAM address space. Communication with
tape library management systems is enabled by OAM exits which are taken when an event
occurs that may change the tape library management system's information. The exits notify
the tape library management system when:
• A cartridge should be in a library but is not (VNL for Volume Not in Library)
• A cartridge is entered into the library or ejected from it
• The status of a cartridge is changed
CBRXLCS provides a programming interface to call LCS functions.
The main library components of system-managed tape are the library manager and the
managed drives and storage locations.

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SMS Tape Controls (prior to FC4001)







"
 
!


 #
$

 

 DC SC MC Exits 

 CDS



 

  

SG1 SG2





Figure 3-4. SMS Tape Controls (prior to FC4001) SS232.0

Notes:
The basis of system-managed storage is that storage use should be defined and managed
according to policies which separate the logical and physical views of the storage.
The data class, storage class, and management class define the logical view of the
services required. The storage group defines the physical view of specific libraries.

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SMS Tape Controls with FC 4001



"

 
!
%
 #
$%



('%
 
!




  
)'%

  
%

 DC SC MC Exits 

 CDS



 

  
 Stacked Media pool 1
3494 Native SG1 SG2 Stacked Media pool 2
Media SG3



%
&

'


Figure 3-5. SMS Tape Controls with FC 4001 SS232.0

Notes:

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SMS Tape Implementation Tasks

Use HCD panels to define the Virtual Drives as 3490E devices
associated with the 3494 Library
Update PARMLIB
Update PROCLIB
Define TCDB VOLCAT catalogs
Use ISMF to define:
Tape Management classes
Tape Libraries
Tape Storage Groups
Tape Storage Classes
Tape Data Classes
Write, test, and validate ACS routines
Activate SMS configuration
Activate HCD configuration

Figure 3-6. SMS Tape Implementation Tasks SS232.0

Notes:
This is a checklist of tasks that you need to complete to implement system-managed tape.

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SYS1.PARMLIB Changes

Update system datasets as for 3494 library

SCHEDxx PPT (OAM)

IGDSMSxx (OAM)
IEFSSNxx (OAM)
DEVSUPxx (partitioning scratch pools for multiple
systems)
IECIOSxx (MIH entry of 45 minutes)
COMMNDxx (vary library and devices online/offline)
GRSCNFxx optional (GRS serializes cartridge entry)
LOADxx optional (TCDB hlq)
COFVLFxx optional (use VLF for TCDB)
ALLOCxx set timer for mount pending message

Figure 3-7. SYS1.PARMLIB Changes SS232.0

Notes:
The specific changes to each member are described in SC26-3051, OAM Planning,
Installation and Storage Administration for Tape Libraries.

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Library Identifications

Library ID is assigned at HW installation time

Library drives are defined to MVS using HCD with a
parameter LIBRARY=YES
Library ID and Libport ID are optionally defined in HCD
with drive definitions
Avoids need to have library online at MVS startup time
(OW25291)
Library name related to the specified ID is defined to
DFSMS via ISMF
Storage Group related to one or more libraries is defined
to DFSMS via ISMF
Output allocation targets Storage Group based on ACS
routine assignments

Figure 3-8. Library Identifications SS232.0

Notes:

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Library Sequence Number

Figure 3-9. Library Sequence Number SS232.0

Notes:
The library ID is shown on the library manager operational status panel as the library
sequence number. Here we have a panel from a 3494 with two VTSs and hence three
library IDs.

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HCD Library Definition

Command ===> __________________________________________ Scroll ===> PAGE

Specify or revise the values below.

Configuration ID . : AB MVS operating system
Device number . . : 0A40 Number of devices :16
Device type . . . : 3490

Parameter/ Value P Req. Description

Feature
OFFLINE Yes Device considered online or offline at IPL
DYNAMIC Yes Device supports dynamic configuration
LOCANY Yes UCB can reside in 31 bit storage
LIBRARY Yes Device supports auto tape library
AUTOSWITCH Yes Device is automatically switchable
LIBRARY-ID 10023 5 digit library serial number
LIBPORT-ID 02 2 digit library string ID (port number)
ALTCTRL No Separate physical control unit path
SHARABLE No Device is Sharable between systems
COMPACT Yes Compaction

Figure 3-10. HCD Library Definition SS232.0

Notes:
This represents the HCD panel where you define a tape library. The items specifically for a
library are shown in bold.

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ISMF Library Definition

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TAPE LIBRARY DEFINE Page 1 of 2
Command ===>

SCDS Name . : SYS1.SCDSRLS

Library Name : LIBVTS

To Define Library, Specify:

Description ==>
==>

Library ID . . . . . . . . . . . 10023 (00001 to FFFFF)

Console Name . . . . . . . . . .
Entry Default Data Class . . . . DC3490
Entry Default Use Attribute . . SCRATCH (P=PRIVATE or S=SCRATCH)
Eject Default . . . . . . . . . PURGE (P=PURGE or K=KEEP)

Media Type: Scratch Threshold

Media1 . . . . 200 Media3 . . . . 0 (0 to 999999)
Media2 . . . . 300 Media4 . . . . 0 (0 to 999999)

Use ENTER to Perform Verification; Use DOWN Command to View next Panel;

Figure 3-11. ISMF Library Definition SS232.0

Notes:
This is the ISMF panel where we define a tape library.
Each library is given a name which is used in the SMS storage group definition.
You may set defaults for several attributes at a library level.

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Tape Configuration Database

Define security profiles

STGADMIN.IGD.ACTIVATE.CONFIGURATION
STGADMIN.IGG.LIBRARY
Create/update TCDB definitions
IDCAMS DEFINE
hlq.VOLCAT.VGENERAL
hlq.VOLCAT.Vx (x is first character of volser range)
user catalogs for up to 150,000 VTS volumes to
improve performance
hlq equal to SYS1,
Otherwise change LOADxx member of PARMLIB
IMPORT CONNECT to sharing systems
Specify VOLCAT statement in IDCAMS command

Figure 3-12. Tape Configuration Database SS232.0

Notes:
Two facility class profiles are used to limit the ability to perform configuration changes. A
storage administrator should be given read authority to both. The first profile allows the
administrator to activate a new SMS configuration. This results in a new copy of the SMS
ACDS. The second profile controls library changes which are reflected in changes to the
TCDB.
A TCDB consists of one or more ICF catalogs which are defined with the VOLCAT
parameter. You can split the TCDB across several catalogs by defining VOLCATs for
ranges of volume serial numbers.

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SMS Tape Constructs

Define or update DATACLAS

Define or update STORCLAS
Define or update MGMTCLAS
Define or update STORGROUP
One to one, one to many, or many to one
Write ACS routines
Assign classes for SMS managed tape
Validate and test SMS definitions

Figure 3-13. SMS Tape Constructs SS232.0

Notes:

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Data Class

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATA CLASS DEFINE Page 2 of 3
Command ===>

SCDS Name . . . : SYS1.SCDSRLS

Data Class Name : DC3490
To DEFINE Data Class, Specify:
Retpd or Expdt . . . . . . (0 to 9999, YYYY/MM/DD or blank)
Volume Count . . . . . . . (1 to 59 or blank)
Add'l Volume Amount . . . (P=Primary, S=Secondary or blank)
Imbed . . . . . . . . . . . (Y, N or blank)
Replicate . . . . . . . . . (Y, N or blank)
CIsize Data . . . . . . . . (1 to 32768 or blank)
% Freespace CI . . . . . . (0 to 100 or blank)
CA . . . . . . (0 to 100 or blank)
Shareoptions Xregion . . . (1 to 4 or blank)
Xsystem . . . (3, 4 or blank)
Compaction . . . . . . . . Y (Y, N or blank)
Media Interchange
Media Type . . . . . . . 2 (1, 2, 3, 4 or blank)
Recording Technology . . 36 (18, 36, 128, 256 or blank)
Use ENTER to Perform Verification; Use UP/DOWN Command to View other Panels;

Figure 3-14. Data Class SS232.0

Notes:
This is the ISMF data class application showing the section where you define the tape
attributes for a storage class. The tape attributes are shown in bold case.

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Storage Class

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STORAGE CLASS DEFINE Page 1 of 2
Command ===>

SCDS Name . . . . . : SYS1.SCDSRLS

Storage Class Name : SCVTS1
To DEFINE Storage Class, Specify:
Description ==>
==>
Performance Objectives
Direct Millisecond Response . . . . (1 to 999 or blank)
Direct Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . (R, W or blank)
Sequential Millisecond Response . . (1 to 999 or blank)
Sequential Bias . . . . . . . . . . (R, W or blank)
Initial Access Response Seconds . . (0 to 9999 or blank)
Sustained Data Rate (MB/sec) . . . (0 to 999 or blank)
Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . N (C, P ,S or N)
Accessibility . . . . . . . . . . . N (C, P ,S or N)
Guaranteed Space . . . . . . . . . . N (Y or N)
Guaranteed Synchronous Write . . . . N (Y or N)

Use ENTER to Perform Verification; Use DOWN Command to View next Page;
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3-15. Storage Class SS232.0

Notes:
This is the ISMF storage class application. There are no storage class attributes that
describe tape service levels so it is not important what you enter. The only choice by Tape
SMS is whether a tape allocation has a storage class or not.

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Tape Storage Group

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TAPE STORAGE GROUP DEFINE
Command ===>

SCDS Name . . . . . : SYS1.SCDSRLS

Storage Group Name : SGTAPE

To DEFINE Storage Group, Specify:

Description ==> Local VTS

==>

Library Names (1 to 8 characters each):

===> LIBVTS ===> ===> ===>
===> ===> ===> ===>

DEFINE SMS Storage Group Status . .... N (Y or N)

Use ENTER to Perform Verification and Selection;

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3-16. Tape Storage Group SS232.0

Notes:
This is the ISMF storage group application.
You define a tape storage group by name and enter the libraries that may be used to satisfy
an allocation request for this storage group. You may also define how the storage group is
connected to different systems by choosing to define the SMS storage group status.

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ACS Example

FILTLIST hsmlocal INCLUDE(**.HMIGTAPE.DATASET,

**.BACKTAPE.DATASET,
**.DMP.LOCAL.V*.D*.T*)
FILTLIST hsmremot INCLUDE(**.DMP.REMOTE.V*.D*.T*,
**.COPY.BACKTAPE.**,
**.COPY.MIGTAPE.**)

SELECT
WHEN (&DSN = hsmlocal)
DO
SET &storgrp = 'LOCALVTS'
EXIT
END
WHEN (&DSN = hsmremot)
DO
SET &storgrp = 'REMOTVTS'
EXIT
END

END

Figure 3-17. ACS Example SS232.0

Notes:
This ACS routine fragment shows the main elements of a routine using the storage group
ACS routine as an example.
Conditions that we want to check on are described in filter lists, shown here as filters on
data set names.
The logic that checks the data set names and assigns storage groups is shown within the
SELECT statement.

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Using Multiple Libraries

Storage Group and

library relationship
Library 1 Library 2 Library 3
A storage group can
SG3
span up to eight SG1 SG2
libraries SG4
A library can contain
multiple storage
groups

Library 2
VTS
Library 1

Figure 3-18. Using Multiple Libraries SS232.0

Notes:
The relationship between storage groups and libraries is set on the storage group definition
ISMF panel.
To allow a storage group to span more than one library you simply define more than one
library name on the panel.
A library will contain more than one storage group when it is named in more than one
storage group definition.

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Using VTS Libraries with Pooling

Storage Group and POOL 1 STG1 STG21

VTS library relationship
A VTS with pooling POOL 3
STGJCART1
can have 256 storage VTS1
groups.
A VTS can only have POOL 10 STGJCART2
32 stacked media
POOL 31 STGKCART1
pools.

VTS 1

Figure 3-19. Using VTS Libraries with Pooling SS232.0

Notes:

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Library Selection

Offline devices are excluded

Requested media and drive are )*
selected based on SMS DATACLAS
Libraries with requested media below +
scratch threshold are excluded
Choice of library is randomized
NOT considered
Number of available drives
Number of available scratch
cartridges
Busy condition of CU or accessor

Do NOT mix VTSs with unlike number of drives, size of TVC, or

level of LIC within one STORGROUP

Figure 3-20. Library Selection SS232.0

Notes:

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TCDB Display 1

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MOUNTABLE TAPE VOLUME LIST
Command ===> Scroll ===> PAGE
Entries 1-13 of 40
Enter Line Operators below: Data Columns 3-7 of 20

LINE VOLUME USE VOLUME CHECKPT LIBRARY STORAGE

OPERATOR SERIAL ATTR ERROR STATUS VOLUME NAME GRP NAM
---(1)---- -(2)-- --(3)-- -------(4)-------- --(5)-- --(6)--- --(7)--
MXX960 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX961 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX962 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX963 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX964 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX965 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX966 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX967 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX968 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX969 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX970 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX971 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
MXX972 SCRATCH NO ERROR NO ITSOATL *SCRTCH*
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 3-21. TCDB Display 1 SS232.0

Notes:
The ISMF Mountable Tape Volume List shows you what is in the TCDB for the volumes that
you have selected.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 3. Software Interactions 3-23

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TCDB Display 2

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MOUNTABLE TAPE VOLUME LIST
Command ===> Scroll ===> PAGE
Entries 1-13 of 40
Enter Line Operators below: Data Columns 8-12 of 20

LINE VOLUME MEDIA RECORDING SPECIAL LAST

OPERATOR SERIAL TYPE TECHNOLOGY COMPACTION ATTRIBUTE WRITTEN DATE
---(1)---- -(2)-- -(8)-- ---(9)---- ---(10)--- --(11)--- ----(12)----
MXX960 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------
MXX961 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------
MXX962 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------
MXX963 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------
MXX964 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------
MXX965 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------
MXX966 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------
MXX967 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------
MXX968 MEDIA2 36TRACK YES -------- 1997/11/25
MXX969 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------
MXX970 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------
MXX971 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------
MXX972 MEDIA2 36TRACK --- -------- ----------

Figure 3-22. TCDB Display 2 SS232.0

Notes:

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Tape SMS and BTLS Compared

Capability/Function BTLS Tape SMS

Tape Management System interface Manual/Clist Automatic via exits
ICL/ACL awareness No Yes
External/internal label verification No Yes
Volume insert/eject processing Manual/Clist Automatic
Labeling of unlabeled tapes Manual Automatic
Operator command interface No Yes
Storage Administrator interface IDCAMS ISMF
Return to scratch Manual/Clist Automatic
Scratch pool management 8 per BTLS 1 per media type
Jobname/
Allocation control technique(s) Procname, OR Via SMS constructs
Esoteric
HCD required No Yes
Number of systems or system groups
8 32
per library
Import/Export support No Yes

Figure 3-23. Tape SMS and BTLS Compared SS232.0

Notes:
You also have the option of using Basic Tape Library Support instead of system-managed
tape. This table shows the main differences; note that the main advantage of BTLS is that
you may have multiple scratch pools.
BTLS is a separately chargeable program product. System-managed tape is part of
DFSMS/MVS.

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Unit Summary

After completing this unit, you should be able to

understand:
System-managed tape
Automatic insert processing
Constructs define libraries and media
ACS routines select constructs
Using ISMF to define constructs
OAM communicates with libraries
Exits
Tape Configuration Database
PARMLIB changes that are needed

Figure 3-24. Unit Summary SS232.0

Notes:

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Unit 4. Virtual Tape Server Partitioning and

Sharing

What This Unit Is About

This unit describes what partitioning and sharing are, the differences
between them, and how to implement them.

What You Should Be Able to Do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:
• Describe the difference between partitioning and sharing
• Understand when sharing may not be feasible
• Understand the system-wide implications of sharing

References
SG24-4409 Guide to Sharing and Partitioning IBM Tape
Library Dataservers

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 4. Virtual Tape Server Partitioning and Sharing 4-1
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Unit Objectives

At the end of this unit you should be able to:

Describe the difference between partitioning and sharing
Understand the basic principles of partitioning
Understand the use of volume categories
Understand the tasks needed to share a VTS

Figure 4-1. Unit Objectives SS232.0

Notes:

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4.1 Partitioning and Sharing

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Challenges for Multisystem Access

Tape access different to disk access

Disk access Tape access

Simultaneous use
of a volume Yes No
Volume online to
several systems Yes Not usual
Simultaneous use
of a data set Yes No

Figure 4-2. Challenges for Multisystem Access SS232.0

Notes:
Sharing tape is very different to sharing disk. There are many controls to help you share
disk volumes and disk data sets, for example, reserve/release processing, sysplex-wide
enqueue propagation, VSAM share options, and database facilities. It is normal and
desirable to share disk data.
However, sharing in a tape environment is very different. It is rare that you would wish to
share a tape data set. However, it does make sense to share hardware resources such as
drives and libraries. It is also useful to share tape data serially among systems for data
interchange; a tape data set would be written on one system and read on another.

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Platform Considerations

Different handling by different host systems of

Tape management
Allocation control
Host control data sets
Security
Cartridge insertion
Format differences
EBCDIC/ASCII encoding
Numeric data format
Tape labels

Figure 4-3. Platform Considerations SS232.0

Notes:
When we want to share tape resources (libraries, drives or volumes) we must consider
differences between the systems that will be used.
The simplest case is when we share between like systems such as two different OS/390
systems. If we want to share between OS/390 and AIX, we have many more differences to
consider, even to the point of different data formats if there is floating-point data.

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Partitioning and Sharing

Partitioning
Shares library resources
Logically dedicate drives and volumes
Volumes cannot be shared unless moved between
partitions
Sharing
Sharing volumes
Perhaps sharing drives
All hosts have same access to all volumes

Figure 4-4. Partitioning and Sharing SS232.0

Notes:
There are two approaches, partitioning and sharing.
Partitioning means that we take a tape library and split it into separate partitions and let
different systems use different partitions. Each partition is logically distinct and comprises
drives and volumes. However, use of the library resources is common between partitions. If
one system has no free drives in its partition and another system using the same library
has free drives, the free drive could not be reassigned to the system that needed a drive.
In contrast, sharing allows several systems to share not only library resources but also
drives and volumes, although a drive and a volume would only be used by one system at a
time. Drives can be reassigned between systems.
We can also have a combination. A 3494 could be split into two partitions and one of the
partitions could be shared by several systems.

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Basic Principles

Shared access to Library Manager

Library Manager controls access using volume
categories
x'FF00' to x'FFFE' reserved for internal use
x'0000' for insert category
Conventions for some other categories
Drive ownership
Assign/unassign for ESCON
Reserve/release for SCSI
No unique requirements for VTS
Considerations same as for native 3494
Except not all platforms supported

Figure 4-5. Basic Principles SS232.0

Notes:
In all cases, we must share access to the library manager as that is the single control point
for the library.
Separation of volumes for partitioning purposes is done by making use of volume
categories.
Sharing of drives makes use of commands that assign a drive to a system and then remove
that assignment.

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Volume Categories

Private
Environment Scratch categories
categories
x'0001' Media1 (CST) x'000F'
x'0002' Media2 (ECST)
DFSMS SMT x'0003' Media3 (3590)
x'0004' Media4 (3590 long)
x'0FFF' Default x'FFFF'
BTLS x'0FF2' - x'0FF8' provide 7
optional scratch categories
x'0080' - x'008F' provide 16 x'FFFF'
DFSMS/VM scratch categories

x'012D' for TSM/ADSM x'012C' for TSM/ADSM

AIX Define others via MTLIB Define via MTLIB

x'00A0' - x'00BF' VSE/ESA

Others x'0100' - x'0101' OS/400
TPF user-defined

Figure 4-6. Volume Categories SS232.0

Notes:
The table shows the volume category numbers for both scratch and private volumes by
different systems that support 3494 attachment.
Note that VSE/ESA native and OS/400 do not support VTS attachment but they can attach
a native 3494 library.
In DFSMSdfp, the volume categories may be changed to allow two different systems to
partition a library. The defaults are shown.
For AIX use, volume categories are your choice. However, you should not use categories
that might be used by another system.

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Partitioning

Partitioning shares library resources

Creates multiple logical libraries
Logical libraries dedicated to hosts
Split library using volume categories
Control insert processing
Volume serial number ranges
With Advanced Policy Management
You may create pools according to the partitions

Figure 4-7. Partitioning SS232.0

Notes:

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Assigning Volumes to Categories

System-Managed Tape
Automatic
Control ranges via cartridge entry exit CBRUXENT
DFSMSrmm provides REJECT by system otherwise
may need to change CBRUXENT
BTLS
Manually via LIBRARY command
Assign as private or to one of eight scratch pools
DFSMS/VM
Manually via RMS interface
Automatically by bulk insert processing
AIX
Manually via MTLIB command

Figure 4-8. Assigning Volumes to Categories SS232.0

Notes:

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Partitioning with System-Managed Tape

Assign different category ranges to different systems

SYS1.PARMLIB(DEVSUPxx)
DFSMS/MVS 1.2, 1.3 need PTFs
Base function in DFSMS/MVS 1.4 and up
User modification in lower releases

DEVSUPxx
MEDIA1=0011
Use ranges 0010
MEDIA2=0012
to 007F to avoid
MEDIA3=0013
ERROR=001E overlap with other
PRIVATE=001F platforms

Figure 4-9. Partitioning with System-Managed Tape SS232.0

Notes:
The default volume categories used for System Managed Tape are x'0001' to x'0004'
depending on the media type. If you want to have separate partitions with System
Managed Tape using each, only one system can use the defaults. You can change the
categories to allow partitioning.

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Partitioning with BTLS

Each partition needs its own BTLS catalogs

Different volume serial ranges recommended
BTLS categories set in SYS1.PARMLIB(BTLPRMxx)
Categories assigned using IDCAMS commands:

LIBRARY DEVICES(180,187) LIBNAME(LIB1)

LIBRARY SETCATEGORY CATEGORY(SCRTCH1) LIBNAME(LIB1)

LIBRARY DEVICES(188,18F) LIBNAME(LIB2)

LIBRARY SETCATEGORY CATEGORY(SCRTCH2) LIBNAME(LIB2)

Figure 4-10. Partitioning with BTLS SS232.0

Notes:
BTLPRMxx contains defaults for BTLS:
THRESHOLD(count) low scratch threshold to trigger warning message
SCRTCHn default category for scratch mounts
AUTODEMOUNT automatically demount volumes if mounted on an unallocated
drive
LIBAFFINITY break UNIT=AFF affinity that cannot be fulfilled
EXPDT98000 allow duplicate volume serial number to be mounted if
EXPDT=98000 coded
By specifying SCRTCH2 for a second BTLS system and SCRTCH3 for a third BTLS
system in their respective PARMLIB members, we can ensure that different scratch volume
categories are used to permit partitioning.

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Sharing

Drive sharing
JES3
JES2 plus sysplex tape sharing
ISV products
Volume sharing
Need to share inventory and control data sets Catalogs
and Tape Management System inventory GRS or
equivalent
System-Managed Tape
ACDS, COMMDS, TCDB
BTLS
BTLS catalogs

Figure 4-11. Sharing SS232.0

Notes:
Drive sharing allows several systems to use the same pool of drives, dynamically assigning
drives when needed and returning them to the pool when they are no longer needed.
JES3 has long provided drive sharing. In a JES2 environment, products are available from
Independent Software Vendors and, since MVS 5.2, as part of MVS itself.
Volume sharing allows different systems to share the same volumes. To do this, you need
to ensure that the relevant control data sets are shared. For example, if a volume is
mounted on one system and is written on, it becomes a private volume. All sharing systems
must be aware of the change of status to avoid the volume being mounted as a scratch
volume.

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Sharing with JES3

Standard part of JES3

All drives online to all systems
JES3 manages drive assignment

JES3 initialization deck:

Define devices (DEVICE)

Define device names (SETNAME)
Define device name subsets (HWSNAME)

Figure 4-12. Sharing with JES3 SS232.0

Notes:
JES3 drive sharing is set up in the JES3 initialization deck.
All the devices in the tape library must be defined in DEVICE statements. JES3 device
names are set in the SETNAME statement while the HWSNAME statement defines which
device names are subsets of other device names.

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Sharing with JES2

Sysplex Tape Sharing

Needs MVS 5.2 or higher and a coupling facility
Sharing information stored in IEFAUTOS structure
Drives online to all sharing systems
Unassigned if not in use
Drive assignment managed by system
ISV products
Computer Associates MIM
Vary commands

JES2 vary devicenumber,online

Figure 4-13. Sharing with JES2 SS232.0

Notes:
MVS 5.2 introduced sysplex tape sharing. Note that it stores information about which drives
are available and who is using them in a coupling facility structure. This means that you
need a coupling facility.
A coupling facility is used to provide fast access to the sharing information.
The vary operator command uses the assign and unassign functions provided by the 3480
onwards to prevent a drive being online to more than one system at the same time.
However, reassigning drives using the vary command is time-consuming and will cause
processing delays.

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Planning for Sharing Tapes

Is host inventory shared?

Do all systems have access to catalogs?
Do all systems share the TMS inventory?
Who does insert processing?
Who manages expiration and movement?
How are hosts informed about status changes?

Figure 4-14. Planning for Sharing Tapes SS232.0

Notes:
You must plan a tape sharing implementation carefully. These are some of the questions
you must ask to ensure that the status of each individual volume is the same in each
system.

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Sharing Controls with SMT

Single shared scratch pool

Sharing private volumes
RACF TAPEVOL/TAPEDSN profiles
DFSMSrmm REJECT parameter
Tape Storage Group status

System/Sys Group SMS SG

name status
------------------------- -----------
SYS1A ===> ENABLE
SYS1B ===> DISALL
SYS1C ===> DISNEW
*PLEX1 ===> NOTCON

Figure 4-15. Sharing Controls with SMT SS232.0

Notes:
You may want to set up a limited form of sharing where you want some volumes to be
shared but some to remain unshared.
You can only have a single shared scratch pool for each media type. However, there are
three ways that you can restrict processing of private volumes. Use of RACF profiles will
allow you to restrict use to users or groups in the access lists for the TAPEVOL or
TAPEDSN profiles. The DFSMSrmm REJECT parameter, set in the EDGRMMxx PARMLIB
member, can prevent output or any use at all from that system. This control is set by
volume serial filtering. You can set different statuses for entire tape storage groups from
ISMF.

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Unit Summary

At the end of this unit, you should be able to:

Describe partitioning or sharing a VTS
Just like a native library
Assuming platforms supported by VTS
Describe partitioning using volume categories
Describe tape sharing support in OS/390
JES2 Sysplex Tape Sharing
JES3
Understand that tape sharing requires control data to be
shared

Figure 4-16. Unit Summary SS232.0

Notes:

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Unit 5. Virtual Tape Server Management

What This Unit Is About

This unit looks at how you use different sources of information to
monitor a VTS through different events. The unit is presented as a
case study examining a VTS that sees an increasing workload and an
upgrade from a B16 to a B18.

What You Should Be Able to Do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:
• Understand what items to monitor
• Understand the effects of workload and configuration changes
• Know when to add virtual or physical volumes to a VTS

References
SG24-2229 Magstar Virtual Tape Server: Planning
Installation and Monitoring

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 5. Virtual Tape Server Management 5-1
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Unit Objectives

At the end of this unit you should be able to:

Understand the effects of reclamation
Understand the importance of initial sizing
Understand how and when to add new virtual and
stacked volumes

Figure 5-1. Unit Objectives SS232.0

Notes:

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5.1 Virtual Tape Server Management

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Case Study

Look at effects of initial choices

VTS capacity and use over time
Configuration chosen
3494-B16
Upgrade to B18 with EHPO

Figure 5-2. Case Study SS232.0

Notes:
We will look at an example of how you would use different tools and techniques to monitor
the status of a VTS over a period of time during which there is a constant growth in
workload and an upgrade from a B16 to a B18.

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Points to Note

Virtual volume states

Never mounted scratch volumes
Scratch volumes mounted at least once
Private volumes
Stacked volume states
Empty (scratch)
Filling
Full Empty
Selected
Partially full by VTS
Reclamation

Partially full Filling

Data
Expiration
written
Full

Figure 5-3. Points to Note SS232.0

Notes:
In order to understand the statistics that we will use in the rest of the unit, we need to know
that there is a difference between a scratch virtual volume that has never been mounted
and one which has been mounted at least once. The difference lies in the order used by the
VTS to select scratch volumes.
Also, a stacked volume has a life cycle as shown. It starts off empty, then it goes into filling
status as the VTS writes virtual volumes to it and then it is demounted when full. As data is
rewritten elsewhere, the stacked volume is partially full and the amount of data decreases
until the volume is finally a candidate for reclamation, after which it is empty again.

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Information Sources

Description Where to find it

TCDB or Tape Management System
Virtual volumes inserted catalog

Virtual volumes never mounted Virtual volumes inserted - SMF94VLA

Virtual volumes in scratch D SMS,LIB(name),DETAIL

status SCRTCH VOLS field
Unexpired private virtual Virtual volumes inserted - Virtual volumes
volumes in scratch

Average size of virtual volumes SMF94VLZ

Stacked cartridges inserted Library Manager Volser Range panel

Scratch stacked volumes (free D SMS,LIB(name),DETAIL

space) Scratch stacked volume count
Private (in use) stacked Stacked cartridges inserted - Scratch
volumes stacked volume count

Figure 5-4. Information Sources SS232.0

Notes:
We will use the information described in this table as a snapshot of the VTS. The table
shows where we can get the information.

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Initial State

Description Count

Virtual volumes inserted 15,000

Virtual volumes never mounted 15,000

Virtual volumes in scratch status 15,000

Unexpired private virtual volumes 0

Average size of virtual volumes 0

Stacked cartridges inserted 300

Scratch stacked volumes (free space) 298

Private (in use) stacked volumes 2

3494-B16 with 72 GB tape volume cache

Figure 5-5. Initial State SS232.0

Notes:
Two stacked volumes are mounted immediately for the VTS to copy data out of the tape
cache.

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After Six Months

Six months of production use

Applications expire data within 30 days
Events
Some reclaim activity
Operator notified that free space threshold crossed
Questions
Why isn't the VTS in a steady state?
Why does the free space continue to shrink?

Figure 5-6. After Six Months SS232.0

Notes:
We take our first snapshot after six months.
The initial workload consists of data that is written on a 30-day cycle so that logical volumes
expire after 30 days.

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Statistics After Six Months

Description Count

Virtual volumes inserted 15000

Virtual volumes never mounted 2512

Virtual volumes in scratch status 7155

Unexpired private virtual volumes 7845

Average size of virtual volumes 224 MB

Stacked cartridges inserted 300

Scratch stacked volumes (free space) 20

Private (in use) stacked volumes 280

Figure 5-7. Statistics After Six Months SS232.0

Notes:
The key item is that we only have 20 scratch stacked volumes left.

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What Happened

Conclusion
Too many virtual volumes defined
Explanation
7845 private volumes retained for 30 days
261 scratched and rewritten per day
Should have defined about 8500 volumes
Assuming 2:1 compression and 50% full volumes
8500 x 224 suggests about 190 stacked volumes
The VTS is selecting the volumes never mounted
Action
Insert 100 more stacked volumes

Figure 5-8. What Happened SS232.0

Notes:

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Twelve Months Later

Events
VTS signals that free space threshold has been
crossed

Figure 5-9. Twelve Months Later SS232.0

Notes:

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Statistics

Description Count

Virtual volumes inserted 15000

Virtual volumes never mounted 411

Virtual volumes in scratch status 6995

Unexpired private virtual volumes 8005

Average size of virtual volumes 260 MB

Stacked cartridges inserted 400

Scratch stacked volumes (free space) 20

Private (in use) stacked volumes 380

Figure 5-10. Statistics SS232.0

Notes:
The key items are:
• We are down to 20 scratch stacked volumes again.
• We still have 411 virtual volumes that were never mounted.
• The average virtual volume size has increased.

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What Happened

Usage
2101 more virtual volumes mounted for first time
Average size increased from 224 to 260 MB
Conclusion
Extra space needed because of application growth
Still working through the volumes that have never been
mounted
Action
Add 200 more stacked cartridges

Figure 5-11. What Happened SS232.0

Notes:

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After 15 months

Event
Library signaled shortage of scratch virtual volumes
Conclusion
Had not happened before because many virtual
volumes defined at start
Sign of workload growth
Action
Insert 2000 more virtual volumes

Figure 5-12. After 15 Months SS232.0

Notes:

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After 17 Months
Description Count

Virtual volumes inserted 17000

Virtual volumes never mounted 1522

Virtual volumes in scratch status 3002

Unexpired private virtual volumes 13998

Average size of virtual volumes 304 MB

Stacked cartridges inserted 600

Scratch stacked volumes (free space) 130

Private (in use) stacked volumes 470

VTS now upgraded to B18 with EHPO

Figure 5-13. After 17 Months SS232.0

Notes:
This is a snapshot of the B16 just before it is upgraded to a B18 with EHPO channels.
There are free virtual and stacked volumes. The virtual volume size continues to grow,
suggesting a change in workload.

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After 18 Months

Events
One month after B18 and EHPO upgrade
Performance and mount time improvements
Average virtual volume size falling

Figure 5-14. After 18 Months SS232.0

Notes:

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Statistics After Upgrading

Description Count

Virtual volumes inserted 17000

Virtual volumes never mounted 614

Virtual volumes in scratch status 2120

Unexpired private virtual volumes 14880

Average size of virtual volumes 256 MB

Stacked cartridges inserted 600

Scratch stacked volumes (free space) 40

Private (in use) stacked volumes 560

Figure 5-15. Statistics After Upgrade SS232.0

Notes:
The important changes are:
• The average virtual volume size has decreased for the first time.
• The number of scratch stacked volumes has fallen rapidly.

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What Happened After Upgrading

Conclusions
EHPO compressing new volumes
Volume size shows effect of compression
Small increase in tape usage as channel compression
different to compression by drive
New applications with bigger volumes
Transitional state
Actions
Measure compression ratio
Allow virtual scratch pool to decrease
Add 200 stacked volumes

Figure 5-16. What Happened After Upgrading SS232.0

Notes:
We can expect effects from two changes happening at the same time: there is a continual
underlying workload growth but there are also effects from doing compression in the
channel card as well as at the drive level.

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After 20 Months

Events
SMF data showing that B18 not reaching throughput
limits
Free space dropping fast
Shortage of available library slots
Question
Why is free space dropping?

Figure 5-17. After 20 Months SS232.0

Notes:

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Statistics After 20 Months

Description Count

Virtual volumes inserted 17000

Virtual volumes never mounted 204

Virtual volumes in scratch status 1867

Unexpired private virtual volumes 15133

Average size of virtual volumes 198 MB

Stacked cartridges inserted 800

Scratch stacked volumes (free space) 81

Private (in use) stacked volumes 719

Figure 5-18. Statistics After 20 Months SS232.0

Notes:
The average volume size continues to fall. There are still some scratch virtual volumes.
These statistics do not show why free space is falling.

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Active Data Distribution

100
90
Number of Volumes

80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage of Active Data

Figure 5-19. Active Data Distribution SS232.0

Notes:
Notice the peak in the number of volumes with 10-25% valid data.

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What Happened After 20 Months

Observation
Many volumes just above reclaim threshold
Conclusion
Volumes contain many unexpirable virtual volumes
Action
Adjust reclaim threshold

Figure 5-20. What Happened After 20 Months SS232.0

Notes:

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Unit Summary

After completing this unit, you should be able to

understand:
There are no simple rules of thumb
Interactions are based on
Workload changes
Initial decisions
Configuration changes
Tuning actions
The case study shows the effects of
Number of virtual volumes
Size of virtual volumes
Retention period of virtual volumes
Reclaim threshold
Compression

Figure 5-21. Unit Summary SS232.0

Notes:

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 5. Virtual Tape Server Management 5-23
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Unit 6. Virtual Tape Server Operations

What This Unit Is About

This unit describes how to operate the VTS using the library manager
console. The major library manager panels are shown to illustrate how
you can accomplish common tasks during the installation and
operation of a VTS.

What You Should Be Able to Do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:
• Navigate through the library manager panels
• Understand the main uses for the library manager panels
• Perform common tasks using the library manager

References
GA32-0288 Magstar 3494 Tape Library: Operator Guide
SG24-2229 IBM Magstar Virtual Tape Server:Planning,
Implementing and Monitoring

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 6. Virtual Tape Server Operations 6-1
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Unit Objectives

At the end of this unit you should be able to:

Understand the different operational modes
Understand how to use the library manager panels

Figure 6-1. Unit Objectives SS232.0

Notes:

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6.1 Virtual Tape Server Operations

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Operational Modes

Automatic
Accessor working, doors closed
Under control of Library Manager
Pause
Mount, demount, eject or audit requests queued
Accessor parked
Use high-capacity I/O facility or correct problems
Manual
VTS can be operated in manual mode
Library Manager console provides mount requests
Mounts done manually

Modes apply to the whole 3494

Figure 6-2. Operational Modes SS232.0

Notes:
The Virtual Tape Server forms part of a 3494 library. The library can operate in one of three
modes:
1. Automatic
2. Pause
3. Manual
The library should normally be in automatic mode.

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Library Manager Panels

Figure 6-3. Library Manager Panels SS232.0

Notes:

• Menu along top of screen

• Select items using trackpoint in keyboard
• Scroll using trackpoint or cursor movement
• Window controls to:
- Minimize windows
- Maximize windows
- Close windows
• Keyboard shortcuts

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Mode Pull-down

Figure 6-4. Mode Pull-down SS232.0

Notes:
Select this by clicking Mode or pressing Alt-m.
The marker in front of Auto and Offline shows the current setting.

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Status Pull-down

Figure 6-5. Status Pull-Down SS232.0

Notes:
The status panel allows you to find out information about:
• The library operation status at a summary level
• Whether all the components are working properly
• The status of the VTS or VTSs
• Library performance
• VTS performance

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Operational Status

Figure 6-6. Operational Status SS232.0

Notes:
This panel shows configuration information.

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Component Status

Figure 6-7. Component Status SS232.0

Notes:

• Graphical representation of library internal components.

• Highlights hardware problems.

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Queues Pull-down

Figure 6-8. Queues Pull-down SS232.0

Notes:
Individual tasks in the library are placed on queues for execution. This pull-down lets you
see the whole queue or individual queues for:
• mount
• demount
• eject
• insert
• audit
• clean

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Database Pull-down

Figure 6-9. Database Pull-down SS232.0

Notes:
The database menu pull-down allows you to find out information from the library manager
and the VTS. You may:
• Search the database for volumes according to criteria you choose.
• Create a listing from the database.
• Find out which stacked volume holds a given logical volume.
• Request a map of stacked volume.

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Search Database for Volumes

Figure 6-10. Search Database for Volumes SS232.0

Notes:
Enter criteria in the entry boxes or by using the radio buttons and press the search button.
The results are displayed on the screen.

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List Database Volumes

List Database Volumes

Up to 5 volume fields may be selected to be included in the output list. The data will be
sorted by the first two output columns.
The data may be decreased by selecting a specific rack, media type, category, a volume
mask, or by specifying one or more indicator flags.
The output may be directed to a file on the A: disk or to the LISTDB.LST file on the C:
drive.

Output Column 1 Output Column 2 Output Column 3 Output Column 4 Output Column 5

Yes No Ignore
Specific Rack Misplaced
Specific Media Type Unreadable
Specific Category Mounted
Inaccessible
Volume Mask
Manual mode

Output device A: Filename C:\LM\LISTDB.LST

Create List... Cancel Help

Figure 6-11. List Database Volumes SS232.0

Notes:
This panel also allows database queries. There are two differences between this and the
search panel. You can create a disk or diskette copy of the output and you can choose
which five columns in the table to report on.

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Find Logical Volume Home

Figure 6-12. Find Logical Volume Home SS232.0

Notes:
This panel allows you to find out which stacked volume holds a specific logical volume.

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Find Logical Volume Home LIC 527 LM

Figure 6-13. Find Logical Volume Home LIC 527 LM SS232.0

Notes:

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List Stacked Volume Contents

Figure 6-14. List Stacked Volume Contents SS232.0

Notes:
If there is a physical problem with a cartridge, you need to know which logical volumes are
on it. This panel produces a list on a diskette.

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List Stacked Volume Contents LIC 527 LM

Previous Maps are

listed

Up to 10 maps are
saved

Map can be copied to

diskette after map is
retrieved

Figure 6-15. List Stacked Volume Contents LIC 527 LM SS232.0

Notes:

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Commands Pull-down

Figure 6-16. Commands Pull-down SS232.0

Notes:
The Commands pull-down menu contains a number of options that do not fit naturally
under the other menu choices.
There are important submenus under System Management.

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Cleaning

Figure 6-17. Cleaning SS232.0

Notes:
The Cleaning dialog box allows you to set up a cleaning schedule and how long to use a
cleaning cartridge.

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Volume Ranges for Stacked Volumes

Figure 6-18. Volume Ranges for Stacked Volumes SS232.0

Notes:
This panel specifies which volumes will be stacked volumes.
Define the volumes as stacked volumes before entering them in the library.
Stacked volumes are only visible to the library manager and the VTS. No host can see
them.

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Volume Ranges for Stacked Volumes LIC 527

Figure 6-19. Volume Ranges for Stacked Volumes LIC 527 SS232.0

Notes:

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Inserting Logical Volumes

Figure 6-20. Inserting Logical Volumes SS232.0

Notes:
Although logical volumes have no physical existence, you must insert them to make them
known to the library manager.
Note: Do not insert many more logical volumes than you need.

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Inserting Logical Volumes LIC 527

Figure 6-21. Inserting Logical Volumes LIC 527 SS232.0

Notes:

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Ejecting Stacked Volumes

Figure 6-22. Ejecting Stacked Volumes SS232.0

Notes:
Use this if you need to eject a stacked volume that is showing an excessive number of
temporary errors.
The contents of the stacked volume being ejected are copied to other stacked volumes.
When the stacked volume is ejected, it does not contain VTS data.

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Ejecting Stacked Volumes LIC 527

Figure 6-23. Ejecting Stacked Volumes LIC 527 SS232.0

Notes:

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Set Category Attributes

Figure 6-24. Set Category Attributes SS232.0

Notes:
Fast Ready mounts are done at electronic speeds. Make sure that you define your scratch
categories here to exploit fast ready scratch mounts.

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Set Management Policies

Figure 6-25. Set Management Policies SS232.0

Notes:
This panel allows you to set three key VTS policies:
1. When reclamation may not be run.
2. The amount of used space that triggers reclamation of a volume.
3. At what threshold the VTS should alert you that it is short of free space.

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Set Management Policies LIC 527 (1 of 3)

Figure 6-26. Set Management Policies LIC 527 (1 of 3) SS232.0

Notes:

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Set Management Policies LIC 527 (2 of 3)

Figure 6-27. Set Management Policies LIC 527 (2 of 3) SS232.0

Notes:

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Set Management Policies LIC 527 (3 of 3)

Figure 6-28. Set Management Policies LIC 527 (3 of 3) SS232.0

Notes:

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Inserting Stacked Volumes

Figure 6-29. Inserting Stacked Volumes SS232.0

Notes:
There are four similar panels to manage:
1. Unassigned volumes
2. Import volumes
3. Insert volumes
4. Export-hold volumes
The panel allows you move volumes between categories.

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Set Up Stand-alone Device

Figure 6-30. Set Up Stand-alone Device SS232.0

Notes:
DFSMSdss stand-alone restore of system volumes needs to be able to do this.

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Inventory

Inventory new storage

Used after upgrade
Update LM database about new frames
Re-inventory complete system
Inventory update
Full or partial (frames with doors opened)
Checks cells, drives, reads bar codes
Update LM database
Password protected

Figure 6-31. Inventory SS232.0

Notes:
An inventory is done when:
• A 3494 or VTS is installed
• A 3494 or VTS is upgraded
• A door is opened

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Interventions

Figure 6-32. Interventions SS232.0

Notes:
Before enhanced messaging, the message at an MVS console merely stated Intervention
Required. You needed to go to the library manager and choose the Interventions option on
the Commands pull-down menu.

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Options Pull-down

Figure 6-33. Options Pull-down SS232.0

Notes:
You may choose the language used for library manager dialogs. If you change it, the new
language is used after the library manager is shut down.

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Unit Summary

After completing this unit, you should be able to:

Operate VTS from library manager
Use panels for
Setting up policies
Inserting or importing volumes
Use panels for
Status
Performance

Figure 6-34. Unit Summary SS232.0

Notes:

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Unit 7. Planning and Exploiting VTS Capacity

What This Unit Is About

This unit discusses how you can use the VMA analysis tool to estimate
the number of virtual and stacked volumes needed and decide what
the bandwidth requirements are. It then looks at common known
workloads and discusses how well they use a VTS and identifies any
changes that may be valuable to make best use of a VTS.

What You Should Be Able to Do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:
• Understand what tools to use in planning a VTS configuration,
• Plan the number of volumes needed, and
• Plan which common workloads to move to a VTS

References
SG24-2229 Magstar Virtual Tape Server:Planning,
Implementing and Monitoring

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Unit Objectives

At the end of this unit you should be able to:

Understand how to estimate the VTS capacity you need
Plan for the number of volumes you will need
Understand which tape work to move to your VTS

Figure 7-1. Unit Objectives SS232.0

Notes:

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7.1 Planning and Exploiting VTS Capacity

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VTS Sizing
Answer configuration questions
How many virtual volumes to
define?
How many stacked volumes are
needed?
Volume Mount Analyzer
Part of DFSMSdfp
Analyzes historical SMF data
APAR OW21238 recommended
Run for at least one month,
capture monthly peaks
Filtering by job, data set,
program, and so on

Figure 7-2. VTS Sizing SS232.0

Notes:
The Volume Mount Analyzer needs SMF record types 14, 15 (for tape), 21 and either:
• Type 30, subtypes 4 and 5, or
• 4, 5, 34 and 35
Filtering allows you to model the effects of different subsets of your tape workload.

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VMA Extract Processing

After OW21238

Figure 7-3. VMA Extract Processing SS232.0

Notes:
To get an accurate view, you need to run the Volume Mount Analyzer for a month. However,
this can result in very large amounts of data. The PTF for APAR OW21238 provides a way
to extract the data more frequently and so break the processing down into more
manageable jobs.

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VMA Output

Filtering allows you to model the effect of moving

different workloads.
Read/write ratio
Understand the effect of fast ready scratch mounts.
Hourly mount rates
Hourly transfer rates
Determine throughput requirements.

Figure 7-4. VMA Output SS232.0

Notes:

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Planning for VTS Volumes

Volume serial numbers

How many volumes?
Logical volumes
Physical stacked volumes

Figure 7-5. Planning for VTS Volumes SS232.0

Notes:

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Planning Volume Serial Numbers

Volsers must be unique within library and systems

sharing TCDB.

"
"$"# , (
('

0/)0 &0/0/)0

"
/
$"# ,
,
-./ ,
" 0/0
$"# ,
0

Figure 7-6. Planning Volume Serial Numbers SS232.0

Notes:
Volume serial numbers must be unique
• Within a library
• Within systems sharing a TCDB
The diagram shows a possible naming convention that allows you to see instantly what is
on a cartridge. This can help you interpret messages.

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How Many Logical Volumes?

Defining too many logical volumes uses up free space.

VTS prefers volumes that have never been used.

Logical volumes = Nst + Nds (Texp + Trts)

Nst = scratch threshold from ISMF

Nds = number of scratch volumes mounted each day
Texp = Average number of days before a volume expires
Trts= Number of days between TMS return to scratch runs

Figure 7-7. How Many Logical Volumes? SS232.0

Notes:
This formula allows you to estimate the number of logical volumes you should initially
define for your VTS. It is easy to add more volumes but difficult to remove them.
If you have too many logical volumes defined, it can interfere with VTS internal space
management.

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Logical Volumes Example

Case study from Unit 5

Assume scratch threshold is 100

Logical volumes = 100 + 261 x (30 + 1)

= 8191

8500 leaves enough spare

Figure 7-8. Logical Volumes Example SS232.0

Notes:

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How Many Stacked Volumes?

Use information from

Volume Mount Analyzer
Tape Management System

Nst = (MBact / MBsvol) + Nstemp

MBact = No. logical vols x avg vol. size

MBsvol = Native capacity x compression ratio x average
utilization
Nstemp = No. empty stacked volumes

Figure 7-9. How Many Stacked Volumes? SS232.0

Notes:
This formula allows you to estimate the number of stacked volumes you should insert into
the VTS. You can always add additional volumes if you underestimate.

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Stacked Volumes Example

Using the case study from Unit 5 assume that we want at

least 20 scratch stacked volumes.

Nst = (MBact / MBsvol) + Nstemp

Nst = (7845 x 224)/(10,000 x 3 x 0.5) + 20

= 1,757,280/15,000 + 20
= about 140

Figure 7-10. Stacked Volumes Example SS232.0

Notes:

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Choosing Workloads for the VTS

...other
DB2 database
IMS
utilities
DFSMShsm
...other CICS
backup/archive ADSM
utilities

DFSMSdss

BATCH

Figure 7-11. Choosing Workloads for the VTS SS232.0

Notes:
You may have many different workloads that are candidates for a VTS. We need to
understand what characteristics suit a VTS so that you can choose the best candidates,
especially if you also have native 3590s.

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VTS Basic Characteristics

Throughput
64 virtual drives, 4 ESCON paths, but finite bandwidth
Cartridge capacity utilization
Uses and manages full 3590 capacity
Very large data sets have less immediate benefit
Data location
Closed store - no off-site data
Unless Import/Export is used
Tape volume cache
Read access after write benefits from TVC
Fast read backwards
Reduces elapsed time of jobs
Frees virtual drive sooner for use by other jobs

Figure 7-12. VTS Basic Characteristics SS232.0

Notes:
Although a VTS emulates 64 virtual 3490Es, it does not have the same bandwidth as this
many drives.
The VTS is good at filling cartridges. A workload that is also good at filling cartridges does
not gain the benefit from the VTS.
You can interchange data between a VTS and another VTS or native drives with
import/export. If you do not have import/export, consider whether interchange or vaulting
needs prevent data from being placed in a VTS.
Jobs that read tape data backwards perform particularly well in a VTS.

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Application Usage

size ?
native 3590

VTS
?
throughput

Figure 7-13. Application Usage SS232.0

Notes:
If you have native 3590s and a VTS, this chart shows where each device type is well-suited
when we consider data set size and throughput requirements.

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Common Types of Data

DFSMShsm
Migration, backup, dump
ABARS
ADSM or Tivoli Storage Manager
DFSMSdss
Application point-in-time backups
Off-site dumps
Database logs and image copies
Batch applications

Figure 7-14. Common Types of Data SS232.0

Notes:
There is now a lot of practical experience running different workloads in a VTS
environment. Often, you can make small changes that tune the workload to run better in a
VTS. Equally, you may choose to select certain workloads for your VTS because they work
particularly well.

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VTS and DFSMShsm

No special advantage in using VTS for DFSMShsm data.

Already fills tapes.
Recall activity faster from native drives.
Dump data cannot be removed easily from the VTS
without import/export.
ABARS and AUTODUMP parameters allow stacking.
But...
VTS can be an excellent choice for backup.
Small installations benefit from additional virtual drives.
Depending on the tasks performed and on the size of
data sets, bandwidth is less of an issue if designed
properly.

Figure 7-15. VTS and DFSMShsm SS232.0

Notes:
DFSMShsm has long been able to fill cartridges with incremental backup data, migration
data and, more recently, by being able to stack volume dumps. From this perspective,
DFSMShsm data may not be the best exploiter of a VTS. However, DFSMShsm also works
best when it can use many drives in parallel where each individual task will not use the full
bandwidth of a native 3590. The ability to give additional virtual drives to DFSMShsm can
be very useful.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 7. Planning and Exploiting VTS Capacity 7-17
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VTS and DFSMShsm

Use ECCST emulated cartridges

SETSYS parameter
TAPEUTILIZATION(LIBRARYMIGRATION(PERCENTFULL(40)))
TAPEUTILIZATION(LIBRARYBACKUP(PERCENTFULL(97)))
97% minimizes number of virtual volumes
<50% can speed up recall process
Set parameters

SELECTVOLUME(SCRATCH) and
TAPEDELETION(SCRATCHTAPE)

Global scratch pool benefits from scratch category fast

ready attribute
Turn off DFSMShsm host compression

Figure 7-16. VTS and DFSMShsm SS232.0

Notes:
If DFSMShsm is asked to recover or recall datasets, it will mount the backup tapes or ML2
tapes to get the data back to a primary volume. If the volume needed is not already in the
tape volume cache, the DFSMShsm task requesting data must wait until the entire volume
is in the cache. It helps if the size of the volume being staged into the cache is limited as
this reduces the wait time. One way to do this would be to use CST emulation rather than
ECCST; however, it is better to use DFSMShsm control to limit the amount of data written
to a logical volume so that you only need to define ECCST volumes in the VTS.
Use a scratch pool for DFSMShsm tapes to gain the benefits of fast ready mounts.

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VTS and DFSMShsm

SETSYS PARTIALTAPE(MARKFULL)
Partially full volumes waste no space in the VTS.
SETSYS TAPESPANSIZE(800)
Reduce number of virtual volumes recalled.
SETSYS TAPEUTILIZATION(LIBRARYMIGRATION
(PERCENTFULL(97))) will not distinguish between 3490
and emulated 3490 drives.
Number of recall tasks should not exceed number of
physical VTS drives minus one.
AUTODUMP
Do not use STACK option with VTS.
Can be taken off-site if written electronically to off-site
VTS or Advanced Function feature is installed.

Figure 7-17. VTS and DFSMShsm SS232.0

Notes:
Use of PARTIALTAPE(MARKFULL) increases the proportion of fast ready mounts and has
no space penalty.
Use large TAPESPANSIZE to reduce occasions needing two specific mounts for one large
data set and to speed up recycle processing.
A percentage full of 97% will allow you to move work between VTS and native drives, use
TAPECOPY to native drives or duplex to native drives.
Avoid allowing recall to monopolize VTS physical drives.
There is no need to stack dumps when they are written to a VTS.

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DFSMShsm Copies and Recycling

TAPECOPY and DUPLEX function
Output volume must be same device as input and the
same size or larger.
Do not copy from (compacted) tape to (uncompacted)
virtual volume.
Do not copy from (LZ1) virtual volume to (IDRC) tape.
RECYCLE function
Reduces number of logical volumes but can cause
bottlenecks.
Use RECYCLE SELECT(INCLUDE(RANGE(nnnnn:mmmmm)))
with lower percentage for VTS logical volumes to
minimize recycle.

Figure 7-18. DFSMShsm Copies and Recycling SS232.0

Notes:
You can duplex and copy tapes outside the VTS if you follow these guidelines.
Consider when you run RECYCLE so that you choose a period when the VTS will have
free drives.

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DFSMShsm ABARS

Consider disaster recovery functions

ABARS data can be written to off-site VTS
Peer-to-Peer VTS
Export ABARS data
ABARS used to move data out of VTS
Option USERTAPES
Do not use STACK option on ABARSTAPES

Figure 7-19. DFSMShsm ABARS SS232.0

Notes:
ABARS is usually used to provide disaster backups and hence there is a requirement that
the data be off-site. If you have an off-site VTS, whether for electronic vaulting or as part of
a peer-to-peer configuration, ABARS is a suitable workload. You may be able to use export
if the amount of data is not excessive.
ABARS is a useful way of getting data out of a VTS.

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Tivoli Storage Manager (1 of 3)

TSM database full and incremental backup

Full backup for disaster recovery needs to be off-site.
Incremental backup wastes less space using VTS.
Copy storage pool full and incremental
Full copy of primary storage pool to non-VTS drives for
removal off-site.
Incremental copy may be stored in the VTS.
Sequential storage pool for backup and archive
VTS suitable for sequential storage pool.
VTS suitable for TSM server-server configurations.
Use collocation when using VTS
Partially full tapes not an issue with VTS.

Figure 7-20. ADSM/Tivoli Storage Manager (1 of 3) SS232.0

Notes:
Several TSM functions request a new scratch volumes and, often, it is very unlikely that
they will fill the volume. These are good VTS candidates.
These functions include:
• TSM database backup
• Incremental backup
• Incremental copy storage pool
• Sequential storage pool
Collocation keeps client data together on a small range of tape volumes. This will help
recovery by reducing the number of specific mounts needed to recover the data for a TSM
client.

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Tivoli Storage Manager (2 of 3)

MAXSCRATCH
Use a scratch pool to benefit from scratch category fast
ready attribute.
MOUNTLIMIT
Consider increasing drives available.
Take into account VTS overall performance.
MOUNTRETENTION
Set to 0 to free virtual drive for other users.
Virtual volume data will remain in TVC for fast
reaccess.

Figure 7-21. ADSM/Tivoli Storage Manager (2 of 3) SS232.0

Notes:

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Tivoli Storage Manager (3 of 3)

MAXCAPACITY
Tailor maximum volume capacity.
<100% full logical volumes can speed up recall
process.
BACKUP DB and EXPORT
Use SCRATCH=YES to use tapes from the Tape
Management System scratch pool.
Performance benefits with scratch category fast ready
attribute.

Figure 7-22. ADSM/Tivoli Storage Manager (3 of 3) SS232.0

Notes:

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DFSMSdss

Must export VTS volumes to physically remove from VTS.

Not suitable for huge amounts of disaster recovery data.
Not suitable for huge amounts of backup data for off-site
vaulting.
Potentially suitable for on-site recovery data.
Suitable for remote vaulting over ESCON distances.
DFSMSdss full volume dumps in a VTS.
DASD volume dump uses fraction of tape capacity.
Stacking dumps involves extensive JCL changes.
VTS without channel compression.
Use SMS DATACLAS to override default of five
volumes.
COMPRESS keyword if EHPO is not installed.
Uses host processor cycles to perform compression.

Figure 7-23. DFSMSdss SS232.0

Notes:
The key points to consider are:
• Is the DFSMSdss dump for local recovery or disaster recovery?
• Is the dump for point-in-time recovery?
If you have large amounts of data being backed up for disaster recovery purposes, you
may consider native drives to give high throughput and ease of cartridge transport.
However, at the other end of the spectrum, small uncontrolled application backups can be
excellent VTS candidates as they will expire quickly and, if used, are very likely to be still in
the tape cache.
If you are dumping for local recovery, the use of a VTS can avoid tape wastage without the
extensive JCL changes needed for dump stacking.

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DFSMSdss Stand-alone

VTS virtual drives can be put into stand-alone mode.

Library Manager pull-down menus
Must be offline to other systems
DFSMSdss allows restore from library.

RESTORE FROMDEV(TAPE) FROMADDR(0A40) TOADDR(0900)

NOVERIFY TAPEVOL((V00000),(V00001))

Mount from input station not allowed.

Since we cannot insert a virtual volume into the input
station.
Restore is possible from any label on an input volume.

Figure 7-24. DFSMSdss Stand-alone SS232.0

Notes:
If you use the Stand-Alone Services component of DFDSS 2.5 with PN77830 and
PN74583 or DFSMSdss with OW16802 and OW14835, you can do a stand-alone restore
from any library volume, whether VTS-resident or not.

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DB2 Archive Logs

Archive uses one scratch tape per log (150 MB - 1 GB)

Suited to VTS where no space will be wasted
Tailor active log size so that archive fits on one virtual
volume
Data remains cached on TVC for fast recovery
Read backwards used in DB2 recovery from tape
Much better performance from VTS
DB2 recovery and backup can require many drives
VTS not constrained with 64 virtual drives
Dual archive for backup: one local and one remote
Local copy can go to VTS instead of TMM
Remote copy to non-VTS tape or to a remote VTS

Figure 7-25. DB2® Archive Logs SS232.0

Notes:
DB2 archive logs are an excellent VTS candidate as they do not fill tapes, and recovery
from the logs uses read backwards and many drives.

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DB2 Image Copies

Table space sizes vary from a few MB to several GB
Small and medium backups suit VTS avoids wasted space
Large backups less suited, may need greater bandwidth
Create only on-site incremental image copies in VTS daily
Create full image copies outside VTS weekly
Run multiple copies concurrently (no drive constraint)
Each image copy can be on separate logical volume
Second (off-site) small backup copy wastes real cartridge space
MERGECOPY DB2 utility
Creates off-site copies from VTS copies
Fixed volume size helps to group table spaces to be copied

Figure 7-26. DB2 Image Copies SS232.0

Notes:
DB2 image copies can vary in size depending on the size of the table space being backed
up. You can take a full or an incremental image copy.
Small image copies work well in the VTS and incremental copies are often suitable.
Large, full image copies may be better on native drives.
Recovery uses many drives and this also suggests that the VTS is a good repository for
incremental image copies.

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DB2 Recovery

Database recovery may need many drives

Full copy and all incrementals need to be allocated at
the same time
VTS not constrained with 64 virtual drives
May allow less frequent full image copies

Figure 7-27. DB2 Recovery SS232.0

Notes:

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CICS Journals and IMS Logs

Both CICS/IMS off-load to tape, local and remote copies

Can be written in separate jobs or in one job
Local can go to VTS and remote to non-VTS or VTS in
remote site
One scratch tape used for every log
Suited to VTS where no space will be wasted
IMS uses read backwards to recover from tape log
Much better performance through VTS
Recovery operation faster with more available drives
IMS change accumulation utility
Accumulates changes from several IMS logs
Many input logs to one output requires multiple drives

Figure 7-28. CICS Journals and IMS Logs SS232.0

Notes:
The considerations for CICS journals and IMS logs are the same as for DB2 archive logs.
IMS has a change accumulation utility that consolidates many logs into a single log. As this
needs many drives, it works well in a VTS.

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IMS Image Copies

Image copy is a backup copy of IMS database

Batch utility copies one or more databases to tape
Can use one virtual volume per copy in VTS
No wasted capacity
No extra resource changing JCL or manual stacking
IMS recovery
Without logs, must recover image copy before start of
batch run
Logs and checkpoints throughout batch activity allow
recovery from consistent database image
Fast access to image copies and logs from a VTS

Figure 7-29. IMS Image Copies SS232.0

Notes:
The considerations for IMS image copies are the same as for DB2 image copies except
that all IMS image copies are full, not incremental.

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Batch Tape Applications

Batch application data benefits in VTS

VSAM REPRO
IEBGENER / IEBCOPY / ICETOOL
DFSMSdss data set DUMP
Any general tape copy utility
Data can be tiny or huge
No wasted capacity if data set does not fill a volume
No need to tune buffering
Review requirement to move backup copies off-site

Figure 7-30. Batch Tape Applications SS232.0

Notes:
The VTS can be an excellent place for point-in-time backups written by a range of utilities
as there are no concerns about filling tapes and the jobs may well need drives, not
throughput.
If the data is needed again to recover data for a rerun, it is very likely that it is still in the
tape volume cache.

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Tape Mount Management

Depends on workload
VTS easier to set up
No ACS changes
Fewer exceptions due to completeness of tape
emulation
Not just for OS/390
TMM to DASD alone
Can exploit remote copy for high availability
Can exploit sequential striping for high throughput
Needs careful monitoring and management class
design

Figure 7-31. Tape Mount Management SS232.0

Notes:
Tape Mount Management uses SMS automatic class selection routines to intercept tape
allocations and direct them to a disk buffer in order to save tape mounts. The buffer is then
swept to tape by DFSMShsm. This has some similarities to VTS processing.
It is likely that some TMM data is suitable for a VTS but some may not be because of disk
functions exploited by the TMM buffer.

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Unit Summary

After completing this unit, you should be able to:

Estimate number of virtual and stacked volumes
Use information from VMA and TMS catalogs
Avoid problems later
Evaluate each type of tape workload
Exploit VTS strengths
Fast scratch mounts
Good cartridge capacity utilization for small data sets
Many virtual drives
Read hits from cache
Fast read backwards

Figure 7-32. Unit Summary SS232.0

Notes:

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Unit 8. Monitoring and Exploiting VTS

Performance

What This Unit Is About

This unit describes the configuration choices that influence VTS
throughput, looks at the individual elements of a VTS to see how they
have an effect, and suggests what should be monitored and how.

What You Should Be Able to Do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:
• Understand which components are involved in data transfers
• Understand what performance measurements to make
• Understand what tools to use

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Unit Objectives

At the end of this unit you should be able to:

Describe the configuration choices that influence
performance
Use VTS functions to monitor performance
Understand key items to monitor
Understand the host data available for monitoring

Figure 8-1. Unit Objectives SS232.0

Notes:

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8.1 Monitoring and Exploiting VTS Performance

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Basic Performance Considerations

VTS not as simple as non-VTS

Native drives have fixed bandwidth and characteristics
Channel throughput
Drive mount time
Disconnect time
VTS performance depends on other factors like:
Read/write ratio
Percentage of virtual mounts causing recall
TVC residence time
Space reclamation activity
Internal performance management algorithms
Application use of tape drives
Shared resources

Figure 8-2. Basic Performance Considerations SS232.0

Notes:
A native tape drive has relatively simple performance characteristics. The main
characteristics are:
• Data transfer rate
• Tape speed
• Tape handling time
As there is almost invariably only one user of a tape, there are few queueing
considerations. In contrast, a VTS is an effective tape subsystem because it does share
components between users.

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Configuration Choices

Channel compression
Magnifies size of tape cache
Tape cache size
Larger cache increases chance of reread
Larger cache smoothes out peaks
Larger cache can defer copy operations to period of low
load
Number of drives
Reduce queuing for drives
Performance accelerator feature
Higher throughput

Figure 8-3. Configuration Choices SS232.0

Notes:
Different VTS configurations will perform differently.
Compression in the channel adapters has the effect of making the tape cache contain more
data. A larger cache contains more data than a small one; this increases the chance of
rereading data and also allows the VTS to run at peak throughput for longer.
When it is necessary to read data from stacked cartridges or write it to stacked cartridges,
more drives allows greater parallelism (and so throughput) and reduces queuing for a free
drive.
The optional performance accelerator feature can be installed for the highest throughput.

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Performance Accelerator Feature

New file system for Tape Volume Cache

Optimized for sequential transfer
Optimized for large files
Designed for RAID disk arrays
Large blocksizes (256 KB)
Each write spans a complete array
Parallel I/Os for reads and writes
Hardware upgrades match file system changes
Additional processors and memory

Figure 8-4. Performance Accelerator Feature SS232.0

Notes:
The Performance Accelerator is an optional chargeable feature. It comprises new
microcode and new hardware.

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Shared Resources

The VTS has several shared resources

RISC/6000 Processors TVC access paths

Copy

Recall
TVC Channel
Writes
Channel
Reads

Magstar Tape Drives Stacked Volume Queues

recall1 copy1

Recall queue

Copy queue
recall2 copy2

recall3 copy3
recall4 copy4

Figure 8-5. Shared Resources SS232.0

Notes:
There are several shared resources in a VTS system:
• Physical 3590 drives
• The tape volume cache
• The VTS controller
• Stacked volumes
• Internal queues

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VTS Controller Processor Use

Virtual
Volume Recall
Copy
SM
Software
AIX
Virtual Drive
Emulation

Up to 256
Reclaim Tasks

No scale implied

Figure 8-6. VTS Controller Processor Use SS232.0

Notes:
The chart shows some of the tasks that use processor capacity. Some, such as the recall
tasks, depend on workload; some, such as virtual drive emulation, depend on
configuration; and some, such as AIX, are fixed.

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Tape Volume Cache Access Paths

Copy

Recall

TVC
Channel
Writes

Channel
Reads

Figure 8-7. Tape Volume Cache Access Paths SS232.0

Notes:
There are four paths between the VTS controller and the tape volume cache. So, there can
be a maximum of four concurrent transfers.

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Physical 3590 Drives

Reclaim

Copy must keep

up with write
workload

Reclaim will start if

Copies Recalls
Up to n-1* Up to n-1* scratch < 10
drives drives volumes

*n = number of installed drives (3-6)

Figure 8-8. Physical 3590 Drives SS232.0

Notes:
Drives are used by reclamation tasks (two drives per task), recall tasks reading data from
tape and copy tasks which write data from the cache to tape.

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Stacked Volumes

At times, multiple
recall tasks need to
access logical
queuing volumes on the
same stacked
volume,
causing queuing
against the stacked
volume.

Figure 8-9. Stacked Volumes SS232.0

Notes:
Since each stacked volume will contain hundreds of logical volumes, we can occasionally
find that a recall is being done from a stacked volume while another recall request is
queuing to recall a different logical volume from the same stacked volume.

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Internal Queues
Queues against drives Copy from cache to stacked
and/or stacked volumes volumes
Caused by specific mounts Keeps cache from filling
not satisfied from cache

VOL211

VOL594 VOL046

VOL632 VOL603

Recall Copy

Figure 8-10. Internal Queues SS232.0

Notes:
The VTS maintains queues to manage contention for shared resources. Here we see
queues for recall and for copy. Although the queues are logically separate, the entries in the
queue are waiting for drives or volumes.

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Processes Using Tape Volume Cache

Write
Host
Recall
Read
TVC
Fragment
Copy

Figure 8-11. Processes Using Tape Volume Cache SS232.0

Notes:

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Tape Volume Cache Management

Objectives of TVC management

Ensure sufficient free space available
Maximize number of read cache hits
Maximize TVC performance by avoiding read/write
contention
What VTS uses to manage TVC
Internal allocation of physical drives
Imposing I/O delays (Throttling)
Delay response to host write TVC Contents

Free Space

Figure 8-12. Tape Volume Cache Management

Logical
Volumes
{ Copied and
Not Migrated

Not Yet Copied

Fragments

SS232.0

Notes:
The contents of the tape volume cache must be managed to ensure that there is sufficient
free space for virtual volumes to be held in the cache when requested and to maximize the
number of read hits for virtual volumes in the cache.

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Throttling

Copy Queue High

Delay response to each host write until copy queue
below trigger.
Recall
Delay response to each host write until the recall queue
is empty.
The VTS will calculate a throttle delay based on the
number of active recall tasks.
Cache Free Space Low
Delay response to each host write until free space
above trigger.
Increase the number of drives available for copy.
Reduce number of drives available for recall.

Figure 8-13. Throttling SS232.0

Notes:
Throttling delays the response to host write requests.
It is done to ensure that the tape volume cache does not fill completely.

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Performance Evaluation Guidelines

Guidelines for evaluating performance

Overall system performance
Channel throughput
Cache miss rate
Virtual drive mount time
Disconnect time
Time in cache (TVC residence time)
Use Daily Statistics for high-level analysis
Use Hourly Statistics to have more detail

Figure 8-14. Performance Evaluation Guidelines SS232.0

Notes:
When evaluating performance, we need to know what measurements are important and
when to use them.

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Tools

Library Manager
Library Manager panels
VTSLOGRP *
SMF type 94 analysis
Performance Reporter for MVS (5695-101)
VTSLOGRP *
VTSSTATS *
DFSORT reporting
EREP MDR analysis
Small block size *
Compression ratios *

* Available for download from

ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/storage/tapetool
Figure 8-15. Tools SS232.0

Notes:
There are several sources of information about a VTS.
At the library manager console, you can see a number of performance-related displays.
You can also install the VTSLOGRP tool, downloadable from the ftp site shown, which will
run on the library manager itself.
OS/390 records tape library information in SMF type 94 records which can be analyzed by
several different tools. We will refer to VTSSTATS (available from the ftp site) later in this
unit.
Finally, there are tools to analyze EREP MDR records to identify jobs that write small
blocks to tape (bad for any tape subsystem, not just VTS) and which show you the
compression ratio that you are achieving.

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Overall Performance

Start

Yes Is daily
average Yes
Is the work getting mount time Performance
done? 30 sec or OK
less?

No No

Determine Determine Plan for

cause cause growth

Figure 8-16. Overall Performance SS232.0

Notes:
If the tape workload is completed on time and the average mount time across one day is
less than 30 seconds, there is no problem to analyze.

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Channel Throughput

Start

Shift = or No Room
greater than for
calculated max? growth

Yes

No room
for growth

Figure 8-17. Channel Throughput SS232.0

Notes:
If the VTS is running at or close to the limit you expected when configuring it, you need to
consider how you will accommodate any growth or peaks in workload.

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Cache Miss Rate

Start
Immediate
Hourly Yes Other Yes relief needed
% Miss overload -
> than 20% indicators Likely to show
? present? poor
performance

Never No

The number of virtual

Good workload Examine mounts that are cache
- workload or misses divided by the total
Indicator of add cache virtual mounts times 100
good health capacity equals % Miss

Figure 8-18. Cache Miss Rate SS232.0

Notes:
The VTSSTATS Virtual Drive Activity report shows us the number of mounts not satisfied
from the cache. If the miss rate over an hour averages more than 20%, it shows that the
cache may not be large enough.

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Virtual Drive Mount Time

Start
Any Hours with
Virtual mounts No virtual No Mount
greater than mounts Time
900 sec? avg.> 30 OK
sec?

Yes Yes

Find the
Remove
cause and
workload or
consider
add
moving the
resources
workload

Type of mount Expected mount time Delay causes

Scratch 1-3 seconds Never

Specific, cache hit 2-3 seconds Never

Specific, cache miss 2-3 minutes Drive or stacked volume

Figure 8-19. Virtual Drive Mount Time SS232.0

Notes:
Two indicators are important:
1. How long was the longest mount.
2. How long did mounts take on average.

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Mount Time for Specific Mounts

Factors that can affect Specific Mount Time

Number of installed drives
Mount arrival rate
Multiple recalls from same stacked cartridge
Concurrent reclamation
Cache size
Main factor is usually number of cache misses
Mounts for recall

Figure 8-20. Mount Time for Specific Mounts SS232.0

Notes:

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Disconnect Time
Start
Any
RMF Yes Yes
Only Some
Intervals with Occasionally?
> 500 ms ? Serious
Throttling

No Often

Immediate Find the

No
Relief cause and
Serious
Required - consider
Throttling
VTS moving the
Overloaded workload

Possible Causes:
- Cache full
- Excessive recalls

Figure 8-21. Disconnect Time SS232.0

Notes:
A high disconnect time shows that the VTS was throttling writes.

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Library Manager Statistics Panels

Figure 8-22. Library Manager Statistics Panels SS232.0

Notes:
We can see information on VTS workload and activity by using the statistics panels at the
library manager.

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VTS Active Data Panel

Figure 8-23. VTS Active Data Panel SS232.0

Notes:
This panel shows you the amount of active data and the converse, the amount of free
space. Note that the active data figure includes invalid volumes that have not yet been
reclaimed. It does not include volumes in the cache that have not yet been copied to tape.
The free storage alarm level is the level that is set at the library manager. The maximum
active data level is calculated.

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VTS Data Flow

Figure 8-24. VTS Data Flow SS232.0

Notes:
This shows the amount of channel traffic for the previous 24 hours.

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VTS Mount Hit Data

Figure 8-25. VTS Mount Hit Data SS232.0

Notes:
This panel shows, over a 24 hour period, which mounts are:
• Fast ready hits
• Cache hits
• Cache misses

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VTS Physical Device Mount History

Figure 8-26. VTS Physical Device Mount History SS232.0

Notes:
This shows the minimum, average and maximum number of drives used during the past 24
hours.

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VTS Logical Mounts per Hour

Figure 8-27. VTS Logical Mounts per Hour SS232.0

Notes:
This shows the number of logical mounts each hour.
The number is the sum of the fast ready mounts, cache hits and cache misses. Use it
together with the Mount Hit Data panel.

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VTS Active Data Distribution (1 of 2)

Figure 8-28. VTS Active Data Distribution (1 of 2) SS232.0

Notes:
This shows you the distribution of the percentage of active data across all stacked
volumes. It helps you to decide whether the reclamation threshold suits your data.

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VTS Active Data Distribution (2 of 2)

Figure 8-29. VTS Active Data Distribution (2 of 2) SS232.0

Notes:

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Performance Tests
Virtual Tape Server Performance
B18 - 2 ESCON
B18 EHPO - 2 ESCO
B18 EHPO - 4 ESCO
B18 PAF - 4 ESCON
B10 - 4 ESCON
B18 PAF - 8 ESCON
B20 - 8 ESCON *
B20 - 16 ESCON
B20 - 8 FICON **
0 50 100 150 200
* 8 channel B20 performance is with > 6 drives
** 8 channel B20 performance is with 12 x 3590 drives Bandwidth
Sustained Peak 32k blksize

100 % Write. 3:1 Compression; 800 MB Volume

Note :
This information is shown for illustrative purposes, is based on initial performance
tests, and does not as such provide a performance guarantee. Performance results
may vary.

Figure 8-30. Performance Tests SS232.0

Notes:
These numbers are purely illustrative and do not guarantee the throughput that you will see
with your data and your workload. They were obtained in a laboratory environment with a
mixture of data. Your results will vary.
In addition, these figures show a 100% write workload. Throughput will normally improve
as the proportion of reads increases.

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Unit Summary

At the end of this unit, you should be able to:

Describe the configuration choices that influence
performance
Use VTS functions to monitor performance
Understand key items to monitor
Understand the host data available for monitoring

Figure 8-31. Unit Summary SS232.0

Notes:

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Unit 9. Data Migration

What This Unit Is About

This unit discusses two types of migration: getting data into a VTS and
migrating from one VTS to a different configuration.

What You Should Be Able to Do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:
• Describe how to get active data into a VTS
• Describe how to get static data into a VTS
• Plan migration activity caused by VTS upgrades

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Unit Objectives

At the end of this unit you should be able to:

Describe how to move data into a VTS
Describe different ways of upgrading a VTS

Figure 9-1. Unit Objectives SS232.0

Notes:

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9.1 Data Migration

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VTS Migrations

Two main types of migration

Moving non-VTS data into a VTS
Upgrading or moving an existing VTS
Moving non-VTS data
New work into a VTS
Implementing VTS for the first time
Static data and active data

All elapsed times shown in this topic are only

estimates. You should check with Customer
Engineers. Careful planning may allow overlaps.

Figure 9-2. VTS Migrations SS232.0

Notes:
Any times given in this unit are solely for the purposes of illustration. The actual times
needed to do upgrades depend on the initial status of the VTS and the number of trained
personnel available to perform the upgrade.

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Active Data

Data that is continually being generated

Examples
DFSMShsm backup or migration
Batch generation data sets
Image copies, log archives
Just direct the data to the VTS
Storage group ACS routine
BTLS unit name
Old data will disappear
Speed up with DFSMShsm RECYCLE or similar

Figure 9-3. Active Data SS232.0

Notes:
Active data is that which is continually being generated, new versions replacing old.
It is easy to get active data into the VTS. Normally, you can just use the ACS routines to let
Tape SMS allocate the data into the VTS. Similarly, the old data expires so need not be
moved anywhere.
Several types of data fall into this category. Typically, backup data is active data in that we
usually keep a fixed number of backup generations.

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Static Data

Data for archival or long-term retention

Five-step process
Identify the data
Move the data
Correct Tape Management System information
Recatalog if necessary
Return old volume to scratch
Tape copy tools

Figure 9-4. Static Data SS232.0

Notes:
Static data does not change. It is not rewritten. If we want it in the VTS, we must move it
there. We must also correct location information in the tape management system and
catalogs.

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Identifying Static Data

Sources of information
Tape Management System database
Catalog
Select by attributes
Application Tape Management
Expiration System database

Beware applications tracking their own

data sets Extract
Store volume serial number
Archiving products

Flat file of
data sets

Figure 9-5. Identifying Static Data SS232.0

Notes:
We can use a tape management system or catalog entries to locate static data. A tape
management system will tell us when data was written and last accessed, both of which
indicate archive data. If we know a naming convention, the catalog will help us locate the
data.
Often, we can produce an extract file from a tape management system that we can use to
produce JCL or commands.

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Copying Static Data

Ensure that output will go to VTS

Some tools to move data
DFSMSdss COPYDUMP
Sequential data
IEBGENER
DITTO/ESA
DFSORT ICEGENER
DFSORT ICETOOL
ISV tools

Figure 9-6. Copying Static Data SS232.0

Notes:
Whatever tools we use, we must ensure that the output of the copying operation actually
goes into the VTS, so we will need to review ACS routines or use the correct unit names.
The tool that is used to copy the data depends to some extent on what the data format is. If
the data is written in DFSMSdss dump format, DFSMSdss COPYDUMP should be used to
copy it as the block size may exceed 32 KB.
Otherwise, there is a range of tools that can copy sequential data.

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Correct TMS Information

Ensure that the VTS copy is managed correctly

File sequence number
Creation data and time
Last read/write dates
Jobname
New volser
DFSMSrmm example
CHANGEDATASET command

CHANGEDATASET 'tape.dataset' -
CRDATE(original date) -
FILESEQ(n) -
JOBNAME(creating job name) -
VOLUME(new volume) -
FORCE

Figure 9-7. Correct TMS Information SS232.0

Notes:
When the data set is moved, we want to maintain some of the information about it. As an
example, with archival data, the creation date is important yet the new copy will have the
current date. We may want to use TMS functions to set it to the original creation date.

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Correct Catalog Information

Only if the data was cataloged

Remove old catalog entry
DELETE NOSCRATCH ...

Add new catalog entry

DEFINE NONVSAM ...

Beware TMS catalog retention

Do not wait before recataloging

Figure 9-8. Correct Catalog Information SS232.0

Notes:

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Tape Copy Tools

Technology Plus Beta55

Tape Stacker, can be used to copy data into the VTS
www.betasystems.com
BrightStor CA-1Tape Management Copycat Utility
ca.com
OpenTech Tape/Copy
ISPF Interface
VTS Support
www.opentechsystems.com

Figure 9-9. Tape Copy Tools SS232.0

Notes:
Independent Software Vendors have tools that may help with all or part of a data migration.
Here are some that you may wish to evaluate for your own use.

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Tape Copy Tools

Seasoft Zela Removable Media Maximizer

Software Engineering of America (US)
www.seasoft.com

Figure 9-10. Tape Copy Tools SS232.0

Notes:

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VTS Model Upgrades

B16

B18

Figure 9-11. VTS Model Upgrades SS232.0

Notes:
A VTS model upgrade needs careful planning. Depending on circumstances, there may be
more than one way that the upgrade can be done.

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Model Upgrade Migration Scenarios

Scenario 1: MES Upgrade

Model upgrade from B16
immediate migration (move VTS database)
convert B16 to feature 5500 or 5502
Scenario 2: Parallel operation within one library
Add B18 in the same 3494 library
Parallel operation until migration complete
Scenario 3: Parallel operation with two libraries
Additional 3494 library with B18
Parallel operation until migration complete
Immediate migration move stacked volumes, LM
database and VTS database Requires special tools or
services
3494 B16 to be kept or upgraded later

Figure 9-12. Model Upgrade Migration Scenarios SS232.0

Notes:
There are three different ways that a B16 to B18 migration may be done:
1. Within the same library with a model conversion.
2. Add a new B18 to the same library.
3. Add a new B18 in a new library.

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MES Upgrade

One or more phases required for upgrade

Cache and controller returned to IBM

CE moves VTS Data Base to Migrate LAN

Logical Volumes From B16 to B18

SCSI
3494
B18
Serial = 12345

3494
3494
Lxx
3494 Lxx
3494
TARGET
D12 3494 D12 3494
B16 5500/5502
Serial
=12345
Serial
Removed

EXISTING

Figure 9-13. MES Upgrade SS232.0

Notes:
The left of the diagram shows the initial configuration with a 3494 containing a B16. The
right shows the target configuration.
Note that the serial number is transferred from the B16 to the B18.
The frame that held the B16 becomes another type of frame: either a storage or a drive
frame.

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MES Upgrade Tasks (B16 to B18)

Update Library Manager

Model upgrade B16 to B18
Vary VTS offline
Force migrate virtual volumes to tape
Copy VTS database and cache resident data to tape
Connect B18 to existing D12
Restore data from tape
Vary VTS online
Convert B16 to storage/drive frame
Remove cache and controller
Return parts to IBM
Remove FC9006 and FC9007
Add FC5500 (Storage Frame) or
Add FC5502 (Drive Frame for B18)

Figure 9-14. MES Upgrade Tasks SS232.0

Notes:
The upgrade has three tasks. The library manager upgrade can be done separately.

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MES Upgrade Outage Time

Update Library Manager

3494 Offline VTS Offline

Activity
Time Time
Upgrade Library
2 Hours 2 Hours
Manager

Convert B16 to B18

Minimum Maximum
B16 Cache 3494 Offline
VTS Offline VTS Offline
Capacity Time
Time Time
72 GB
3 Hours 6 Hours* 9 Hours*
Cache
144 GB
3 Hours 6 Hours* 12 Hours*
Cache

(*) Upgrade times can be minimized by scheduling configuration

update after a period of low write activity

Figure 9-15. MES Upgrade Outage Time SS232.0

Notes:
You may not need to upgrade the library manager. If you do, it can be scheduled well in
advance of the B16 upgrade.
The variation in B16 upgrade times depends on how much data must be copied from the
cache.

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Parallel Operation with One Library

Expand configuration
Update Library Manager
Add D12 with 3590s
Attach B18 to new D12
Vary B18 online

3494
B18

3494
Lxx 3494
D12 Serial =54321
3494
B16 3494
D12
3494 Serial =12345
Lxx
3494
D12 3494
B16
1) Add D12
Serial =12345
2) Add B18
EXISTING
Figure 9-16. Parallel Operation with One Library SS232.0

Notes:
Here we add a D12 and B18 and keep the old VTS for some time.
As we are adding a second VTS, we must define it to HCD and SMS.

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Add SMS Tape Library for B18

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TAPE LIBRARY DEFINE Page 1 of 2
Command ===>

SCDS Name . : SYS1.SCDSRLS

Library Name : LVTS18

To Define Library, Specify:

Description ==>
==>

Library ID . . . . . . . . . . . 54321 (00001 to FFFFF)

Console Name . . . . . . . . . .
Entry Default Data Class . . . . DC3490
Entry Default Use Attribute . . SCRATCH (P=PRIVATE or S=SCRATCH)
Eject Default . . . . . . . . . PURGE (P=PURGE or K=KEEP)

Media Type: Scratch Threshold

Media1 . . . . 200 Media3 . . . . 0 (0 to 999999)
Media2 . . . . 300 Media4 . . . . 0 (0 to 999999)

Use ENTER to Perform Verification; Use DOWN Command to View next Panel;

Figure 9-17. Add SMS Tape Library for B18 SS232.0

Notes:
As we have a second VTS, we must define it as a new SMS library.

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Add SMS Storage Group for B18

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TAPE STORAGE GROUP DEFINE
Command ===>

SCDS Name . . . . . : SYS1.SCDSRLS

Storage Group Name : SGTAPE

To DEFINE Storage Group, Specify:

Description ==> Local VTS

==>

Library Names (1 to 8 characters each):

===> LVTS18 ===> ===> ===>
===> ===> ===> ===>

DEFINE SMS Storage Group Status . .... N (Y or N)

Use ENTER to Perform Verification and Selection;

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Figure 9-18. Add SMS Storage Group for B18 SS232.0

Notes:
We must have a storage group for the B18 only so that we can direct new work to the B18
alone.

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Parallel Operation

Drain B16
Workload redirected to new library using ACS routines
(nondisruptive)
Residual volumes copied at the end of transition period

read copy
write

3494
B18
Serial =
3494
Lxx 3494
54321
D12 3494
B16
3494
Serial = D12
12345

Figure 9-19. Parallel Operation SS232.0

Notes:
The B16 is drained by new work being written to the B18. At some stage, you will be left
with a residue of volumes that you will need to copy.

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Migration Tasks

Migrate workload to B18

Different logical and stacked volume ranges required
for the new 3494 B18
Define new ranges for B18
Expand tape management and TCDB databases
Redirect workload to B18 using nondisruptive changes
to DFSMS ACS routines and constructs
Copy remaining volumes at end of transition period
Elapsed time may vary considerably
Complete model upgrade process
Upgrade B16 to B18, or
Keep B16 in use for specific applications or systems

Figure 9-20. Migration Tasks SS232.0

Notes:
If you upgrade the B16 after it has been drained, the disruption is minimized. We have
avoided the force migrate and database backup steps.

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Parallel Operations 1

LAN

SCSI

3494
B18

Serial =
3494 54321
3494
Lxx
3494 Lxx
3494
D12 3494
D12 1) Add 3494 and
B16
Serial = VTS B18
12345
EXISTING

Figure 9-21. Parallel Operations 1 SS232.0

Notes:
This is similar to the previous approach, the difference being that we add a new library and
VTS, not just a VTS. This means that there is no disruption to the first VTS or library.

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Parallel Operations 2

2) DRAIN B16
Workload redirected to new library using ACS routines (nondisruptive)
Residual volumes copied at the end of transition period

write
read LAN

copy

SCSI
3494
B18

Serial =
54321
3494
3494
Lxx
3494 Lxx
D12 3494
3494
D12
B16
Serial =
12345

Figure 9-22. Parallel Operations 2 SS232.0

Notes:

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Parallel Operation Migration Tasks

Install new configuration
Different logical and stacked volume ranges required for the new
3494 B18 define new ranges for B18 expand tape management
system and TCDB databases
Lxx, D12, B18
Vary B18 online
Migrate workload to B18
Redirect workload to B18 using nondisruptive adjustments to
DFSMS ACS routines and constructs
Copy residual volumes
Elapsed time may vary considerably
Complete model upgrade process
Upgrade B16 to B18
Keep B16 in use for specific applications or systems

Figure 9-23. Parallel Operation Migration Tasks SS232.0

Notes:

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Physical Cartridge Movement

Move Stacked Volumes
CE moves VTS Database to migrate
Logical Volumes from B16 to B18

LAN

SCSI

3494
B18
3494
Serial =
Lxx
3494 54321
D12 3494
B16 3494
Serial = 12345 Lxx 3494
D12

EXISTING B16 1) Add 3494 and

VTS B18

Figure 9-24. Physical Cartridge Movement SS232.0

Notes:
We may physically move the data from the B16 to the B18, either by taking the cartridges
and database or by doing a controlled VTS disaster recovery.

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Physical Cartridge Movement Tasks

Install new configuration.

Move Library Manager Database and VTS Database.
Requires specialized services and tools from the old
B16 to the new B18.
Can maintain the same Library Sequence Number
(Library ID).
Move the stacked volumes to the new B18.
Fill the B18 with Private and Scratch Stacked Volumes
from the B16.
Complete Model Upgrade Process.
Upgrade B16 to B18.
Keep B16 in use for specific applications/systems.

Figure 9-25. Physical Cartridge Movement Tasks SS232.0

Notes:
The library manager database and the VTS database must be moved to the new VTS.
After that, all the volumes (both scratch and private) should be moved from the old VTS to
the new.

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Physical Cartridge Movement Outage Time

Activity Minimum Maximum Minimum VTS Maximum
3494 Offline 3494 Offline Offline Time VTS Offline
Time Time Time
Add new 3494
with B18 and None None None None
D12 frames
Force Migrate
72 GB* None None 1 Hour 6 Hours
144 GB*

Move Stacked
0.5 Hour 1 Hour 0.5 Hour 1 Hour
Volumes to B18

Move LM and
VTS database 0.5 Hour 2 Hours 0.5 Hour 2 Hour
to B18

Vary B18 online

0.5 Hour 2 Hours 0.5 Hour 2 Hours
and test

(*) Upgrade times can be minimized by scheduling configuration

update after a period of low write activity.

Figure 9-26. Physical Cartridge Movement Outage Time SS232.0

Notes:

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Comparing Migration Paths

Advantages Drawbacks
no customer involvement
no data movement
outage time
Scenario 1 no transition hardware to be
little testing possible
In Place Migration installed
limited fallback possibilities
no additional SW definitions
needed (HCD,DFSMS)
Preferable solution if 2nd VTS
subsystem planned
Scenario 2 outage time data movement
Parallel Operation within testing possible additional SW definitions
good fallback needed (HCD, DFSMS)
one Library preferable solution if D12 for 2nd
VTS is already installed
transition hardware to be
Scenario 3 installed / de-installed
outage time
customer involvement
Parallel Operation with extended testing possible
-data movement
excellent fallback possible
two Libraries -additional sw definitions
needed (HCD, DFSMS)

Outage time
Scenario 4 Extended testing possible Additional SW definitions
Physical Cartridge Preferable solution if 2nd 3494 needed (HCD, DFSMS)
library planned needs specialized tools or
Movement services

Figure 9-27. Comparing Migration Paths SS232.0

Notes:
Upgrading the VTS in place is the lowest cost approach.
Adding a second VTS is more expensive but is good for fallback.
Adding a second VTS in a new library is the least disruptive.
Physical cartridge movement allows extended testing and frees the source VTS for
upgrade quickly.

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Other Migrations

Migrating to EHPO channels

Migrating to 3590E drives
Migrating to Performance Accelerator Feature

Figure 9-28. Other Migrations SS232.0

Notes:
These are upgrades that might be done to a B18.

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Migrating to EHPO Channels

If you installed a B18 and are adding HPO function

Estimated upgrade and outage times

Activity Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

3494 Offline 3494 Offline VTS Offline VTS Offline
Time Time Time Time

Upgrade LIC
2 Hours 3 Hours 2 Hours 3 Hours
on LM and VTS

Replace
Concurrent Concurrent 2 Hours 3 Hours
ESCON cards

Figure 9-29. Migrating to EHPO Channels SS232.0

Notes:
If you have a B18 without EHPO channels, you might choose to upgrade to improve
performance and add extra channels. Note that simply adding EHPO cards is less
disruptive.

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Effects of Adding EHPO Channels

Volumes will be compressed in tape volume cache.

As soon as written
Effect of tape drive compression hard to quantify
Existing volumes remain uncompressed.
Until rewritten
Mixture of compressed and uncompressed volumes in
cache
Proportion of compressed volumes will grow
Increased throughput.

Figure 9-30. Effects of Adding EHPO Channels SS232.0

Notes:
Before EHPO channels, virtual volumes in the tape volume cache would be uncompressed.
All virtual volumes written after the installation of the EHPO channels will be compressed.
As old data is copied out of the cache, the proportion of compressed virtual volumes will
grow. Since we expect the compressed volumes to be smaller, we will get many more
virtual volumes in cache.
Although the channel cards and the 3590 drives both use LZ1 compression, the algorithms
are tuned differently. It is possible that there may be further compression at the drive; it is
also possible that the data may grow slightly when written to tape.

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Migrating to 3590E VTS Drives

Why do it?
Double cartridge capacity with same cartridges
Greater data rate improves VTS performance
VTS considerations
All drives in one VTS must be the same
Could have different drives in two VTSs in one 3494
Cannot export from 3590E and import on 3590B
Host not aware of drive change
VTS migration
Starts to write in 256-track mode
Will not complete partially-filled 128-track cartridges
Can read 128-track volumes
May want to increase Reclaim Threshold to rewrite
128-track cartridges sooner

Figure 9-31. Migrating to 3590E VTS Drives SS232.0

Notes:
You might consider this to increase the capacity that you can store in your VTS.
All the drives in one VTS must be the same.

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Migrating to 3590E VTS Drives

Sample timings, may take separate steps

LIC may be at right level
Activity Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
3494 Offline 3494 Offline VTS Offline VTS Offline
Time Time Time Time

Upgrade LM
1 hour 2 hours 1 hours 2 hours
LIC to 523.00

Upgrade VTS
none none 2 hours 5 hours
LIC to 2.17.10

Convert one
none none 1.5 hours 2 hours
3590B drive

1 hour for 1 hour for

Drive
none none first, 0.5 for first, 0.5 for
remove/install
others others

Figure 9-32. Migrating to 3590E Drives SS232.0

Notes:

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Migrating to the Performance Accelerator

Completely rebuilds tape volume cache

Disruptive
Must force migrate to copy all volumes to tape
Then backup VTS database and volume fragments
May need LIC upgrade
May need upgrade of ESCON cards
Need Extended Performance cards
May need to install prerequisites
Tape volume cache (144 or 288 GB)
At least four 3590 drives

Figure 9-33. Migrating to the Performance Accelerator SS232.0

Notes:
The upgrade may have several steps depending upon the configuration you start from.
However, the key task is that the tape volume cache is rebuilt with a different RAID format
and different file system. This means that the cache must be backed up and restored as
part of the upgrade.
The intention of installing the Performance Accelerator Feature is to provide much higher
levels of peak and especially sustained throughput than a B18 with EHPO channels.

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Migrating to the Performance Accelerator

? Activity Minimum
3494 Offline
Maximum
3494 Offline
Minimum
VTS Offline
Maximum
VTS Offline
Time Time Time Time

Upgrade LM
1 hour 2 hours 1 hours 2 hours
LIC to 523.01

Upgrade VTS
none none 2 hours 5 hours
LIC to 2.17.8

Install new
none none 1.5 hours 1.5 hours
ESCON cards

Force migrate
none none 1.5 hours 7.5 hours
and backup

Install PAF none none 6 hours 6 hours

Figure 9-34. Migrating to the Performance Accelerator SS232.0

Notes:
The major variation is in the force migrate time.

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Unit Summary

At the end of this unit, you should be able to understand:

Different approaches to move work into VTS
Static data
Active data
VTS upgrades
Careful planning is crucial
Can often overlap tasks
You may have a choice of techniques
3494 often still available during VTS upgrades

Figure 9-35. Unit Summary SS232.0

Notes:

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Unit 10. Import/Export

What This Unit Is About

This unit describes what the optional VTS import/export feature does,
why is might be used, and how to use it. Operational changes are also
discussed.
Additionally, it describes the software and hardware prerequisites.

What You Should Be Able to Do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:
• Describe what import/export does
• Identify the hardware and software prerequisites
• Set up import and export
• Understand how VTS operations change with import/export

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Unit Objectives

At the end of this unit you should be able to:

Describe the capabilities of import/export
Identify the hardware prerequisites
Understand the software requirements and interactions
Set up export and import
Understand the operational changes

Figure 10-1. Unit Objectives SS232.0

Notes:

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10.1 Import/export

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Import/Export Objectives

VTS is no longer a closed store

Can get logical volumes out of a VTS
Widens scope of VTS for
Archival
Data needing disaster backup
Interchange data

Figure 10-2. Import/Export Objectives SS232.0

Notes:
Before import/export, the VTS was a closed store. This meant that data could only be put in
to the VTS or taken out by writing or reading. Data could not be physically removed in a
usable state save for the special case of disaster recovery.
This meant that the VTS was not suitable for some types of data where physical data
movement was needed.
Import/export provides the ability for you to name groups of logical volumes which the VTS
will move on to volumes that can be ejected from the library and taken to another library.
This widens the scope of include interchange data and data needing disaster backups.

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Import/Export Design

EXP001
EXPORT LIST 01
VOLSR1,DISASTER
VOLSR2,DISASTER LI EXPORT,EXP001
VOLSR3,BACKUP
VOLSR4,BACKUP
VOLSR5

Logical Volume

Volume Map

TVC Fragments

Figure 10-3. Import/Export Design SS232.0

Notes:
The main design features are:
• Import and export are command-driven.
• The commands refer to a list volume.
• The list volume contains a list of volumes and destinations.
• The logical volumes are moved to a volume that may be removed.
• The output volume contains logical volumes and a self-describing volume map.

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Import/Export Prerequisites

Available for B18 models with compression cards only

Microcode level supporting the I/E function is required
Must have minimum four Magstar drives
Must have convenience I/O station
Available on B10 and B20
Not peer-to-peer
Available only with DFSMS/MVS System Managed Tape
Not BTLS
Needs DFSMS/MVS 1.4 or 1.5 plus SPE
DFSMSrmm support included
I/E functional specification made available to vendors
Computer Associates (CA-1 and TLMS)
Platinum (AutoMedia, formerly ZARA)
BMC (Control-T)
BETA Systems (BETA51)

Figure 10-4. Import/Export Prerequisites SS232.0

Notes:

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Import/Export Fundamentals

Export
Allows logical volumes to be moved to tape cartridges
which are subsequently removed from the library
Exported logical volumes no longer exist in the library
Import
Allows logical volumes to be copied from exported tape
cartridges back into a VTS
Can import volumes as scratch or initialized states
Container volumes
Exported logical volumes stored in container
Exported stacked volume

Figure 10-5. Import/Export Fundamentals SS232.0

Notes:
Export takes data out of a VTS while import returns it into a VTS.
Import has additional options to bring a volume back as a scratch volume or as a newly
initialized volume.
The volume that we remove from the VTS acts as a container. It has its own volume serial
number but it also contains a number of exported logical volumes with their own logical
volumes. The idea of a container volume is used by tape library management systems.

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Import/Export Terms
Export List Volume
Logical volume within VTS that contains
Export List file
Export Status file
Import List Volume
Logical volume within VTS that contains
Import List file
Import Status file
Exported Stacked Volume
Holds the exported logical volumes
Volser reported to tape management system via CBRUXEJC
exit
Selected randomly at time of EXPORT from scratch stacked
volume pool
New LM panels to make disposition decisions after EXPORT
and before IMPORT

Figure 10-6. Import/Export Terms SS232.0

Notes:
We tell a VTS what it should import or export by using list volumes.
As the name suggests, the primary contents are a list of volume serial numbers to be
processed. The second file is reserved and not currently used. Nevertheless, it must still be
written. There is also a status file which the VTS writes into in order to communicate the
results of the import or export.
The exported logical volumes are written to an exported stacked volume or container
volume.

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Import/Export Software Support

Toleration:
OAM 1.1 and above: OW36674
RMM 1.2 and above: OW37516

Component 1.4 1.5

RMM OW36349 OW36350
OAM OW36342 OW36343
ISMF OW36351 OW36352
SMS OW36526 OW36527
Device Services OW36360 OW36362
OW36363 OW36364

Advanced Policy Management

Exploitation by DFSMS/MVS only (APAR OW54054)
SPE for OS/390 Version 2 Release 10
SPE for z/OS Version 1 Release 1
SPE for z/OS.e Version 1 Release 1
Toleration
PTFs for DFSMS/MVS 1.5 and higher (APAR OW54056)

Figure 10-7. Import/Export Software Support SS232.0

Notes:
Import/export support is provided as PTFs for DFSMS/MVS 1.4 and 1.5 only.
Toleration PTFs are available for sharing systems running earlier levels of DFSMS/MVS.
The toleration PTFs allow a VTS with import/export to be attached to earlier systems

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VTS Prerequisites

Library frame
#5210 10 cartridge convenience I/O station or
#5230 30 cartridge convenience I/O station
B18 VTS
#4000 Advanced Function or
#4001 Advanced Policy Management
#3200 ESCON High-Performance Option or
#3400 Extended High-Performance Option
B10 / B20 VTS
#4000 or #4001
Number of drives
Four minimum
Six highly recommended

Figure 10-8. VTS Prerequisites SS232.0

Notes:
A convenience I/O station is required as you will need to move cartridges into and out of the
VTS.
The VTS must have channel adapters that do compression and at least four 3590s. You
have to order feature #4000 to get the import/export microcode.

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VTS Drives for Import/Export

Data copied from tape to tape

No tape volume cache space used
Import/export uses two drives
Need to have drives for other VTS purposes

PRE-MIGRATE IMPORT
RECLAIM
EXPORT

RECALL RECLAIM IMPORT

EXPORT

Figure 10-9. VTS Drives for Import/Export SS232.0

Notes:
Import or export uses two drives. It is a tape-to-tape copy. There can only be one import or
export being processed at one time.

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Import/Export Planning Considerations

Expect overall VTS performance degradation of 15%

while performing operation
Always use one Storage Group for every VTS with
Import/Export function
ACS routines must address the correct VTS when
setting up for import/export of logical volumes to write
the list volume
Must drive export from OS/390 but can be for volumes for
other platforms

Figure 10-10. Import/Export Planning Considerations SS232.0

Notes:
While import or export are running, two drives are no longer available for recall or copying
to stacked volumes. This effectively reduces the throughput of the VTS by about 15%.

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Export Process Flow 1

Run tape management vaulting processing or equivalent

Based on vaulting rules, find the volumes that have to
be exported and their destination
Create a list containing each volume with its destination
(up to 16 characters)

Export Destination
(optional)

EXPORT LIST 01
VOLSR1,DISASTER
VOLSR2,DISASTER
VOLSR3,BACKUP
VOLSR4,BACKUP
VOLSR5
Logical volume to
.......
be exported

Figure 10-11. Export Process Flow 1 SS232.0

Notes:
Normally, your tape management system will control what data is to be vaulted. Using its
usual vaulting policies, the tape management system should construct a list of logical
volumes to be removed from the VTS.
Volumes may optionally be given a destination. Logical volumes for different destinations
will not be copied on to the same stacked volume.

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Export Process Flow 2

Write the Export List Volume files to a logical volume

Export List file
List of logical volumes to be exported and destination
Reserved file
Only header record
Export Status file
VTS writes status records for each logical volume

Export List
Logical
IEBGENER utility Reserved
Volume
Export Status

Figure 10-12. Export Process Flow 2 SS232.0

Notes:
Three files must be written to the export list volume.

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Export Hints
List volume needs standard tape label
Must not use compaction for the list volume
Volume serial of export list volume passed to VTS when Export
started
Easier to automate export operation by using specific volume
serial numbers
To export volumes from more than one VTS, create one
combined export volume list file and copy it to the export list
volume in each exporting VTS
At LIC levels 527 (LM) or higher
If the number and size of logical volumes to be Exported fits
upon a J type cartridge then it Will be chosen over a K type
OR
If no K type media is available then a J type (HPCT) will be
chosen

Figure 10-13. Export Hints SS232.0

Notes:

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Export Hints Concerning APM

APM to APM capable VTSs

Export - Construct names are passed with
exported logical volumes
APM to non APM capable VTSs
Export - Construct names are not intrepreted
Non APM to APM capable VTSs
Export - Construct names can either be assigned
at Import time or
the LM default constructs can be assigned

Figure 10-14. Export Hints Concerning APM SS232.0

Notes:

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Export Process Flow 3

Start the EXPORT operation

Using the LIBRARY EXPORT command
Using the CBRSPLCS batch interface
(shipped in SAMPLIB)
Logical Volumes to be exported are put in Export
Pending category (FF12) when the Export Volume
function starts

DISASTER
BACKUP
blank

Exported Stacked Volumes

Logical Volumes

Figure 10-15. Export Process Flow 3 SS232.0

Notes:
The export can be started by command or by using the CBRSPLCS batch interface. An
interface is provided to allow a tape management system (or other program) to request an
export.
When the export list is processed, the logical volumes are put in export pending status so
that it cannot be used. A volume that is in use will not be exported.

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Export Process Flow 4

Wait for the EXPORT operation to complete

Can take long time if exporting many volumes from
different stacked cartridges
Stop the operation if needed with LIBRARY
EXPORT,CANCEL
The EXPORT operation can be rerun at any time
Previously exported volumes not re-exported since they
are no longer in the VTS
Restart point is at exported stacked volume level
Once the output stacked volume is filled
Exported logical volumes deleted from VTS
OAM and tape management system are notified via
CBRUXEJC exit

Figure 10-16. Export Process Flow 4 SS232.0

Notes:
You can cancel an export. If you restart it by reissuing the export command, the operation
will restart at the last stacked volume boundary.

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Export Status File

Check the results of the EXPORT operation

Check for OAM messages
Check status file (3) for results
Using RMM commands and displays
Using the ISMF panel interface

EXPORT STATUS 01
VOLSR1, ,18,*No Data Associated With Logical Volume
VOLSR4, ,18,*No Data Associated With Logical Volume
VOLSR5, ,05,*Logical volume not in VTS
VOLSR2,STKD01,00, DISASTER
VOLSR3,STKD02,00, BACKUP

CBR3685I VOLUMES EXPORTED ...

Figure 10-17. Export Status File SS232.0

Notes:
We can check the results of the export by looking at the export status file. OAM issues
messages that tell us of the progress of an export operation.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 10. Import/Export 10-19

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Library Manager Export Panel

Figure 10-18. Library Manager Export Panel SS232.0

Notes:
After export completes, the exported stacked volumes are placed in the export hold
volume category. You can use the library manager panel shown to re-import them or eject
them.

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Import Process Flow 1

Insert Import Stacked Volumes via the convenience I/O

station
New menu to control Insert volumes
Volumes initially placed in unassigned entry category
Operator indicates volumes as import stacked volumes
through LM panels
Volume Category set to Import category (FF14)
Create a list of volumes to be imported
Write list on a logical volume in the importing VTS
Can import specific logical volumes or all logical
volumes from a stacked volume
Check in tape management system the status of the
volumes to be imported
If volume defined to RMM it must be known as an
exported logical volume

Figure 10-19. Import Process Flow 1 SS232.0

Notes:
We start with some volumes outside the VTS that are to be imported.
The volumes are inserted through the convenience I/O station and go into the unassigned
category. This differs from a VTS without import/export.
To import, create an import list volume.

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Library Manager Unassigned Volumes Panel

Figure 10-20. Library Manager Unassigned Volumes Panel SS232.0

Notes:
The panel shows a list of volumes that have been entered. They may be selected and
moved to the insert, import or eject categories.

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Import Process Flow 2

Write the Import List Volume files
Import List file list of files to be imported optional scratch or
initialize status
Import Status file VTS writes import status information
Hints
Standard tape label
Must not be compacted
Use IEBGENER
Volser of import list volume passed to VTS when import started
Easier to automate import by using specific list volume

Import List Logical

IEBGENER utility
Import Status Volume

Figure 10-21. Import Process Flow 2 SS232.0

Notes:

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Import List File without APM

Importing a single
Logical Volume
from stacked
STKD01

IMPORT LIST 01 Importing two

STKD01,LOGCL1 Logical Volumes
STKD02,LOGCL2 from stacked
STKD02,LOGCL3,SCRATCH STKD02
STKD03
.......

Importing all
Logical Volumes
from stacked
STKD03

Figure 10-22. Import List File SS232.0

Notes:
The import list is similar in format to the export list except that the first volume is the
stacked volume serial number while the second is a specific logical volume serial number
or a blank to signify all volumes on a stacked tape.

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Import List File with APM

New IMPORT list

With Import previously IMPORT LIST 01 was
used
With APM IMPORT LIST 02 is now available

Rules for IMPORT lists

IMPORT LIST 01
Allowed in APM enabled library
Volumes assigned default policies
IMPORT LIST 02
Not downward compatible
(Format and options not supported)

Figure 10-23. Import List File with APM SS232.0

Notes:

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Import List File with APM

With APM import list

New Import list number
IMPORT LIST 02 LIST 02
OPTIONS1,CREATENAME,SG=TAPESG1,SC=SCLASS1,DC=*RESET*
VOL001,LOGCL1,,SG=TAPESG2,DC=DCMED
VOL002,LOGCL2,SCRATCH,SG=TAPESGX
VOL003,,,MC=COPY2 New command line -
Sets session default
Import lvol LOGCL2 values for IMPORT
from VOL002 and
Import all logical vols scratch the lvol + assign
from VOL003 and storage group TAPESGX
assign management
class of COPY2

Figure 10-24. Import List File with APM SS232.0

Notes:

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Import Process Flow 3

Start the Import Operation

Using the LIBRARY IMPORT command
Using the CBRXLCS batch interface
use the SCRATCH or INITIALIZE parameters if
required
Logical Volumes to be imported are put in Import
Pending category (FF15) when the Import process
starts

TO VTS

Exported Stacked Volumes

Logical Volumes

Figure 10-25. Import Process Flow 3 SS232.0

Notes:
The import is the converse of an export. There are optional parameters scratch and
initialize.

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Import Process Flow 4

Wait for the IMPORT operation to complete

Stop the operation if needed using LIBRARY
IMPORT,CANCEL command
The IMPORT operation can be rerun at any time
Previously imported volumes not reimported
Restart point is import stacked volume
Imported logical volumes are inserted into the library
through standard entry processing (CBRUXENT) and
assigned to a category (SCRATCH or PRIVATE)
Import Stacked Volumes are left in the library
Use Manage Import Volumes panel to process
Consider using "write protect" for containers

Figure 10-26. Import Process Flow 4 SS232.0

Notes:
Again, processing is the converse of export.
When the import has finished, the import stacked volumes are left in the import category.
An operator must decide whether to insert them or eject them.

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Import Process Flow 5

Check the results of the IMPORT operation

Look for OAM messages
Check for status file (2) for results
Using RMM reports and commands
Using ISMF panels

IMPORT STATUS 01
LOGCL1,STKD01,00,

IMPORT STATUS 01
LOGCL2,STKD02,13,*Duplicate volume in library
,STKD03,06,*Exported Stacked Volume not in the library

CBR3861I Import operation for logical list volume IMP001...

Figure 10-27. Import Process Flow 5 SS232.0

Notes:
The import status file gives you information about what happened. The two examples show
a successful import of one logical volume (ending with return code 00) and an unsuccessful
import. There were two failures in the unsuccessful import, the import tried to import a
volume with a volume serial number that is already in the VTS and also tried to import from
a stacked volume that had not been entered into the library.

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Library Manager Import Panel

Figure 10-28. Library Manager Import Panel SS232.0

Notes:
After an import completes, the stacked volumes remain in the library. This panel allows
you either to eject the volumes or to insert them, when they will be used as native volumes
or stacked volumes.
The volumes are not automatically ejected after you have used them.

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Starting Export

Operator command
LIBRARY EXPORT,volser
LIBRARY EXPORT,volser,CANCEL
Where volser specifies the export list volume containing
the list of volumes to be exported
Canceling the export operation implies that you must
restart with the last Exported Stacked Volume
CBRSPLCS batch sample

Write command Issue export

Write three files
specifying from
to export list
export list CBRSPLCS
volume
volume name
X volser

Figure 10-29. Starting Export SS232.0

Notes:
This shows the format of the export operator command. Note that you use the same
command to cancel an export that is in progress.
You can also use CBRSPLCS, a sample program. You would write the three files needed to
the export list volume, build the export request with that volume serial number and then
pass that to CBRSPLCS.

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Starting Import

Operator command
LIBRARY IMPORT,volser
LIBRARY IMPORT,volser,CANCEL
Where volser specifies the import list volume containing
the list of volumes to be imported
Canceling the import operation implies that you must
restart with the last Exported Stacked Volume
CBRSPLCS batch sample

Figure 10-30. Starting Import SS232.0

Notes:
You issue an import request in exactly the same way as an export.

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Library Manager Cancel Panel

Figure 10-31. Library Manager Cancel Panel SS232.0

Notes:
You may also cancel an import or an export from the library manager console using this
panel. It shows you a list which may show two operations, one for each VTS in the library.
Choose the one to cancel and then press the take action button.

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OAM Messages
CBR1180I Tape Volume Status Display
D SMS,VOL(volser)
LIBRARY CATEGORY field new meanings:
MANEJECT volume manually removed from the library
EXPPEND logical volume export pending in the library
EXPORTED logical volume exported to a stacked volume
CBR1110I OAM Library Status Display
D SMS,LIBRARY,DETAIL
LIB TYP heading new meaning:
VL indicates that this library type is a Virtual Tape Server
CBR1100I OAM Status Display
D SMS,OAM
New field added to the display header:
TOT VL gives number of connected Virtual Tape Servers

Figure 10-32. OAM Messages SS232.0

Notes:
The import/export software support has changed the response to the operator commands
shown.
Note that not all the changes are specific to import/export.

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OAM Messages

CBR3750I MESSAGE FROM LIBRARY <libname>:<text>

Full text and explanation added to 3494 Operator's
Guide
Must be activated on LM "Intervention Request" Panel
Text can be
OPxxx operator intervention messages
Ixxxx import information
Exxxx export information

Figure 10-33. OAM Messages SS232.0

Notes:
The Advanced Functions microcode includes the enhanced messaging function. This will
send messages for:
• Operator intervention conditions
• Import status
• Export status

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Display SMS,LIBRARY

CBR1110I OAM library status:

TAPE LIB DEVICE TOT ONL AVL TOTAL EMPTY SCRTCH ON OP
LIBRARY TYP TYPE DRV DRV DRV SLOTS SLOTS VOLS
ATLBA035 VL 3494-L10 16 2 2 494 13 1743 Y Y
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MEDIA SCRATCH SCRATCH
TYPE COUNT THRESHOLD
MEDIA1 1063 0
MEDIA2 680 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
OPERATIONAL STATE: AUTOMATED
ERROR CATEGORY SCRATCH COUNT: 0
SCRATCH STACKED VOLUME COUNT: 79
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Operator intervention required.
Host initiated export in process.
Convenience I/O station installed.
Convenience I/O station in Output mode.
Bulk input/output not configured.

Figure 10-34. Display SMS,LIBRARY SS232.0

Notes:

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Display SMS,LIBRARY with APM

CBR1110I OAM library status:

TAPE LIB DEVICE TOT ONL AVL TOTAL EMPTY SCRTCH ON OP
LIBRARY TYP TYPE DRV DRV DRV SLOTS SLOTS VOLS
LIBVTS1 VL 3494-L10 128 100 50 1443 800 146 Y Y
----------------------------------------------------------------------
MEDIA SCRATCH SCRATCH SCRATCH
TYPE COUNT THRESHOLD CATEGORY
MEDIA1 16 25 0011
MEDIA2 130 25 0012
----------------------------------------------------------------------
OPERATIONAL STATE:AUTOMATED
ERROR CATEGORY SCRATCH COUNT: 12
SCRATCH STACKED VOLUME COUNT: 243
PRIVATE STACKED VOLUME COUNT: 400
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Library supports import/export.
Library supports outboard policy management.
Host initiated import in process

Figure 10-35. Display SMS, LIBRARY with APM SS232.0

Notes:

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Library Manager Queues Panel

Figure 10-36. Library Manager Queues Panel SS232.0

Notes:

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Tape Library Management Support

DFSMSrmm
DFSMSrmm 1.4 and upwards
Via SPE
Computer Associates CA-1
CA/1 5.2 plus fixes

Figure 10-37. Tape Library Management Support SS232.0

Notes:
These tape library management systems have announced support for import/export.

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DFSMSrmm Support 1
DFSMSrmm can distinguish between a logical or physical
volume.
Default of logical type for volumes added to VTS
No need to have a rack number for logical volumes
CDS logical volume record.
Container field for an exported logical volume contains stacked
volser number
Cleared on import
RMM DSTORE function sets the destination for the volumes to be
exported.
Storage location management
RMM notified of exported/imported volumes via
CBRUXEJC/CBRUXENT exits.
If a volume is not known as exported in RMM and has no TCDB
entry, the ISMF Default Entry Status is used.

Figure 10-38. DFSMSrmm Support 1 SS232.0

Notes:
DFSMSrmm is able to distinguish between logical and physical volumes. When exported,
the logical volume record holds the container volume serial number.
DSTORE is the storage location management function in DFSMSrmm. It sets a destination
for volumes to be exported according to vaulting rules.

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DFSMSrmm Support 2

RMM utility changes

EDGRPTD movement reports based on the Exported
Stacked Volumes value
RMM command changes
SV, AV, CV, DR commands updated for new functions
CLIST function updated for TYPE(LOGICAL) to return
more information in the output file:
First six characters of the container name,
The logical volume serial number, and
The status value

RMM SV OWNER(*) LIMIT(*) VOLUME(*) -

TYPE(LOG) LOCATION(vtsname) -
CLIST(' ',',dest') DESTINATION(dest) INTRANSIT(N)

Figure 10-39. DFSMSrmm Support 2 SS232.0

Notes:
The DFSMSrmm movement report identifies exported stacked volumes, not logical
volumes. It does not assign a bin number to these volumes.
When you use the CLIST option to store the output of a search command, extra information
is provided for exported logical volumes.

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DFSMSrmm Volume Details 1

Panel Help

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
EDGPT110 DFSMSrmm Volume Details - A05000
Command ===>

Volume . . . . . . : LOGCL1 Rack number . . . . . . :

Media name . . . . : 3490 Status . . . . . . . . . . : MASTER

Volume type . . . : LOGICAL Expiration date . . . . . : 1999/017

Retention date . . : Original expiration date . :
Description . . . :

Data set name . . :

Media type . . . . : * Release actions:
Label . . . . . . : SL Return to SCRATCH pool . : YES
Current version : Replace volume . . . . . : NO
Required version : Return to owner . . . . : NO
Density . . . . . : * Initialize volume . . . : NO
Recording format . : * Erase volume . . . . . . : NO
Compaction . . . . : * Notify owner . . . . . . : NO
Attributes . . . . : NONE Expiry date ignore . . . : NO
Availability . . . : Scratch immediate . . . : NO

Owner . . . . . . : RMMUSER Owner access . . . . . . . : ALTER

Assigned date . . : 1999/012 Assigned time . . . . . . : 04:44:44

Figure 10-40. DFSMSrmm Volume Details 1 SS232.0

Notes:
Changed items are shown in bold.

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DFSMSrmm Volume Details 2

Actions pending:
Return to SCRATCH pool . : NO Initialize volume . . . . : NO
Replace volume . . . . . : NO Erase volume . . . . . . . : NO
Return to owner . . . . : NO Notify owner . . . . . . . : NO

Location . . . . . : SHELF Destination . . . . . . . :

Location type . . : In transit . . . . . . . . : NO

In container . . . : STKD01

Storage group . . : Home location . . . . . . : SHELF

Required location . . . . :
Move mode . . . . : AUTO Movement tracking date . . :

Bin number . . . . : Media name . . . . . . . . :

Old bin number . . : Media name . . . . . . . . :

Product details:
Product number . :
Level . . . . . :
Feature code . . :

Enter SCROLL commands for more volume information, or END command to CANCEL.

Figure 10-41. DFSMSrmm Volume Details 2 SS232.0

Notes:
Changed items are shown in bold.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 10. Import/Export 10-43

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CA-1 Support

CA-1 Ver. 5.2 at level 9901 plus PTFs

Contact CA for information about Import/Export support
Maintains database record for container volumes and
container field in volume record (ROBTY and ROBID)
Container volume uses PSEUDO data set name
New value in ROBTY field indicates logical volume
New messages if specific mount and logical volume is
exported
CTSSYNC utility to generate Import/Export list volumes

Figure 10-42. CA-1 Support SS232.0

Notes:
Please contact CA for details.

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DITTO/ESA Support

VTS Import/export support in DITTO/ESA

Requires 1.2 plus APAR PQ26582
EVC exported stacked volume copy
Copies up to five logical volumes to separate physical
volumes (library or stand-alone)
Target can be 3490 or 3590 volume (not disk)
Directly from exported stacked volume
No requirement to import
Output volser kept if present
EVL exported stacked volume list
List contents of exported stacked volume
Short listing with volsers
Long listing showing tape map

Figure 10-43. DITTO/ESA Support SS232.0

Notes:
Two new functions are provided in DITTO/ESA. You may copy logical volumes from an
exported stacked cartridge to native cartridges which may then be used in any drive. You
may also list the contents of an exported stacked volume.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 10. Import/Export 10-45

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Sample JCL for IMPORT

//IMPORT JOB 1,¢ IMPORT¢ ,MSGLEVEL=(1,1)
//****************************************
//* FILE 1: IMPORT LIST FILE
//****************************************
//STEP1 EXEC PGM=IEBGENER
//SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=*
//SYSIN DD DUMMY
//SYSUT2 DD DSN=HILEVELQ.IMPLIST,
// UNIT=VTS2,DISP=(NEW,KEEP),LABEL=(1,SL),
// VOL=(,RETAIN,,,SER=IMP001),
// DCB=(RECFM=FB,BLKSIZE=80,LRECL=80,TRTCH=NOCOMP)
//SYSUT1 DD *
IMPORT LIST 02
OPTIONS1,CREATENAME,SG=TAPESG1,SC=SCLASS1,DC=*RESET*
STKD01,LOGCL1
SVL001
SVL001,LVL001
SVL001,LVL001,SCRATCH
SVL001,,INITIALIZE
SVL001,LVL001,OPTION,SG=NAME,SC=NAME,MC=NAME,DC=*RESET*
SVL001,LOGICAL,,SG=NAME,SC=NAME,MC=NAME,DC=NAME
SVL001,,,SG=NAME,SC=*RESET*,MC=NAME,DC=NAME
SVL001,LVL001,SCRATCH,SG=NAME
SVL001,LVL001,DC=NAME,SC=NAME,MC=NAME
/*

Figure 10-44. Sample JCL for IMPORT SS232.0

Notes:

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Unit Summary

After completing this unit, you should understand:

Import/Export removes closed store restriction
Disaster backup
Archival
Interchange
Hardware and software prerequisites
Operational changes
Library manager use
Checking completion

Figure 10-45. Unit Summary SS232.0

Notes:

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 10. Import/Export 10-47

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Unit 11. Data Recovery and Problem

Determination

What This Unit Is About

This unit discusses how the VTS handles errors, what resilience
features there are to continue processing, and how errors are
reported. VTS disaster recovery is also discussed.

What You Should Be Able to Do

After completing this unit, you should be able to:
• Understand the standard and optional features that enhance VTS
availability
• Understand what symptoms a VTS can present
• Understand how the VTS can notify you of errors
• Plan for the use of the VTS disaster recovery function

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 11. Data Recovery and Problem Determination 11-1
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Unit Objectives

At the end of this unit you should be able to:

Find VTS error notifications
Understand the causes of failure symptoms
Describe possible failures and their impact
Plan for disaster recovery

Figure 11-1. Unit Objectives SS232.0

Notes:

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11.1 Data Recovery and Problem Determination

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 11. Data Recovery and Problem Determination 11-3
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VTS Resilience

Standard features
RAID protected tape volume cache
Two or four SCSI paths to 3590 drives
Two to 16 ESCON paths
Four to twelve 3590 drives
Optional features
Dual gripper
Dual library manager or hard disk
dual accessor and service bay
Points of failure (none for peer-to-peer)
VTS controller
SSA adapters*
* Dual I/O Drawer in B20 eliminates this

Figure 11-2. VTS Resilience SS232.0

Notes:
The VTS has several design features specifically to give good availability. There are also
some options that can improve availability.
The points of failure are shown for a VTS that is not configured in a peer-to-peer
configuration. The peer-to-peer configuration removes these single points of failure.

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IBM Support

Important to call engineers

Microcode problems
Orphan logical volumes
Special tools and techniques
VTS database repair
Knowledge of microcode
Remote Support Facility
Dial in to VTS via modem
Diagnosis and repair
Call Home to dial out
Support structure
Trained engineers
Specialist engineers
Development

Figure 11-3. IBM Support SS232.0

Notes:
It is very important to call an engineer at the first sign of a problem. Trained engineers have
special tools to diagnose and fix problems.
Remote Support has always been available for dial-in to a VTS. Since late 1999, the VTS
microcode has also been able to Call Home in the event of a problems. A modem is
supplied with each VTS by specifying feature #2710.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 11. Data Recovery and Problem Determination 11-5
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Error Reporting

Service Information Messages

Message IEA480E
Severity

Service, Moderate, Serious, Acute

Enhanced Messaging
SNMP
Service Director
Call home

Figure 11-4. Error Reporting SS232.0

Notes:
The VTS reports errors in several different ways:
• SIMs to the MVS console
• To an SNMP monitoring station
• Enhanced console messages
• Call Home

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Simple Network Management Protocol

Optional way to monitor VTS status

Present in library manager
LAN connectivity requirements
TCP/IP access
#5219 token ring card, or
#5220 ethernet card
SNMP monitoring software also needed

Figure 11-5. Simple Network Management Protocol SS232.0

Notes:
This is an optional function implemented by the library manager.
It requires a LAN connection with TCP/IP access to an existing monitoring station.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 11. Data Recovery and Problem Determination 11-7
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SNMP Monitoring Example

AS/400 RS/6000 MVS VM VSE

3494 3494

Customer Customer
SNMP SNMP
Monitoring Monitoring
Station LAN Station

Figure 11-6. SNMP Monitoring Example SS232.0

Notes:
Two 3494s are LAN-attached to two distinct SNMP monitoring stations.

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SNMP Events

The following LM events can be monitored

Operator Interventions
Unsolicited Attention Messages
service Request Messages
Library Manager Check1 Conditions
Not a replacement for the Remote Library Manager
Feature (50xx)

Figure 11-7. SNMP Events SS232.0

Notes:
Four different types of event can be monitored. Use the library manager panel shown to
choose which you want to see.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 11. Data Recovery and Problem Determination 11-9
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SNMP Setup

Add IP addresses of monitoring stations

Select UDP
Enter name
Enter address

Figure 11-8. SNMP Setup SS232.0

Notes:
You need to know the name and IP address of an SNMP monitoring station.

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Enhanced Messaging

3494 library manager function

Library Manager microcode 521.06 or higher
Enable using library manager operator intervention
panel
Host console message when intervention required
First 70 characters of message

CBR3750I Message from library name: name text

Message to all hosts through all CUs

Optional OAM PTFs to filter duplicate messages

DFSMS/MVS 1.4 OW36342

DFSMS/MVS 1.5 OW26343

Figure 11-9. Enhanced Messaging SS232.0

Notes:
Enhanced messaging was introduced in 1999. Turn it on using the Library Manager
Operator Intervention panel.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 11. Data Recovery and Problem Determination 11-11
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Call Home

Complements Service Director

Optional for serious or acute problems
Faster Service Support
L14 D14 D12 VTS
Problem Detection
Activates Modem LM A60 3590 RISC
Contacts IBM Switch

Initiates Action
Open Problem Management Report Modem

Dispatch Service Representative

Supports
B18 Virtual Tape Server
Magstar 3590 A60 Remote Support Center
Retain Search
Service
Representative
Open PMR Dispatched

Figure 11-10. Call Home SS232.0

Notes:
Call Home lets the VTS dial out if a problem is detected. This means that the time taken to
fix a problem is minimized.

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VTS Unique Symptoms

Orphan logical volumes

VTS database has entry for logical volume
No reference to physical location
Can occur after disaster recovery
Read-only volumes
Excessive temporary errors on stacked volume
Permanent read error

Figure 11-11. VTS Unique Symptoms SS232.0

Notes:
There are two symptoms unique to a VTS:
1. Orphan logical volumes and
2. Read-only volumes

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Read-only Recovery

VTS checks for read-only volumes every hour

Uses 3590 microcode SARS
Recovery process
Read all volumes into tape volume cache
Eligible to be written to other stacked volumes
Read-only volume ejected
If unrecoverable read error
Message produced
Subsequent volumes skipped
Will not happen concurrently with
Reclaim
Eject

Figure 11-12. Read-only Recovery SS232.0

Notes:
Automatic read-only recovery was introduced as a microcode enhancement.
The VTS now checks for volumes in read-only status each hour.

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VTS Failure Impact 1

Component Action Impact

3590 drive Drive offline, repair Performance

Channel card Path unavailable, repair Performance, job failures

no impact as there are two

I/O drawer Repair in B20

SSA drive RAID protection, replace Performance

Power cord Repair no impact as there are two

VTS unavailable, peer to

VTS controller Repair peer continues
VTS unavailable, peer to
VTS database Disaster recovery peer continues

VTS microcode VTS restart (worst case) Job failures

Figure 11-13. VTS Failure Impact 1 SS232.0

Notes:
This table shows the impact when different components fail.
When a peer-to-peer configuration is installed, failures that would make the VTS
unavailable only result in reduced performance.

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VTS Failure Impact 2

Component Action Impact

Spare takes over in HA1 VTS unavailable until
Library Manager
otherwise repair take over or fix
Second used in HA1
Accessor Use manual mode
otherwise repair
Gripper Use spare if dual gripper Use manual mode

Cartridge unavailable
Leader block Repair, reinsert then eject
until fixed
Possible lost data, peer to
Cartridge Call engineer peer uses duplicate copy

Figure 11-14. VTS Failure Impact 2 SS232.0

Notes:
This table shows that failures in the library manager, accessor and gripper have reduced
impact if the dual accessor feature is installed.

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VTS Disaster Recovery Overview

Assumes it is not a peer-to-peer configuration

Assumes that cartridges can be salvaged
May not be all cartridges
Cannot use Disaster Recovery from EHPO to non-EHPO
Recover from stacked volumes
Another empty VTS
Possibly another site
Involve engineers
Detailed knowledge
Prepare using force migrate if possible

Figure 11-15. VTS Disaster Recovery Overview SS232.0

Notes:
The VTS disaster recovery function is designed to allow recovery from a physical disaster
where the only things that can be salvaged are cartridges.
It requires another VTS as the target for the recovery.

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VTS Disaster Recovery Tasks

At damaged site
Force migrate if possible
Remove all stacked volumes
At recovery site
Restore TMS catalog
Set up DFSMS tape catalog
new TCDB or IMPORT RECONNECT
Invoke Disaster Recovery from Library Manager
Place stacked volumes in library
Reinsert logical volumes
Wait for synchronization of TCDB, LM database, and
TMS catalog to complete

Figure 11-16. VTS Disaster Recovery Tasks SS232.0

Notes:
If you still have access to the VTS at the site suffering the disaster, you can use force
migrate to clear the cache to tape.
At the recovery site, set up the tape infrastructure using backup copies of the tape
management system catalog and the TCDB.
Disaster Recovery can be invoked from the library manager. When prompted, place the
cartridges directly into the library storage locations. When disaster recovery completes,
reinsert the logical volumes with the VTS online to the attached hosts. This synchronizes
the TCDB, library manager database and Tape Management System inventory.

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VTS Disaster Recovery Process

Duration determined by
Stacked vols
Logical vols
Drives Reinventory library

Find most recent

database backup

Reload database
and restart VTS

Add logical Upload LM

volumes inventory and sync

Recovery complete
Figure 11-17. VTS Disaster Recovery Process SS232.0

Notes:
The duration of a disaster recovery depends on the number of stacked volumes, logical
volumes and drives available for the recovery. It can be estimated in advance. However, it
will typically take many hours.

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Unit 11. Data Recovery and Problem Determination 11-19
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Unit Summary

After completing this unit, you should understand that:

VTS has many resilience features
Peer-to-peer VTS provides the highest availability
Errors can be reported by
SIMs
Enhanced messaging
SNMP
Automated recovery from read-only volumes
Disaster recovery function is available
Always involve CE early

Figure 11-18. Unit Summary SS232.0

Notes:

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bibl Bibliography
• Manuals:
GA32-0279 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Introduction and Planning Guide
GA32-0280 Magstar 3494 Tape Library Operator Guide
GA32-0329 Magstar 3590 Tape Subsystem Introduction and Planning Guide
SC26-3123 DFSMS/MVS® Implementing System Managed Storage
SC26-4920 DFSMS/MVS DFSMSdfp™ Storage Administration Reference
SC26-4931 DFSMS/MVS DFSMSrmm Guide and Reference
SC26-3051 DFSMS/MVS OAM Planning, Installation and Storage
Administration Guide for Tape Libraries
GC35-0154 IBM SCSI Tape Drive, Medium Changer and Library Device Drivers
Installation and User's Guide
• Technical Bulletins:
SG24-2229 IBM Magstar Virtual Tape Server:Planning, Implementing and
Monitoring
SG24-4409 Guide to Sharing and Partitioning IBM Tape Library Dataservers
SG24-4632 IBM Magstar Tape Products Family:A Practical Guide
SG24-2594 Magstar and IBM 3590 High Performance Tape
Subsystem:Multiplatform Implementation

© Copyright IBM Corp. 2001, 2002 Bibliography X-1

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