Waiting time reduction of incident information

for power system restoration

in Northeast region of Thailand

System Control Department

Northeastern Region Operation Division
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
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Group Introduction
Consultants
Mr.Treerat Pinprayong

Mr.Dusit Jitreepol

Mr.Sangob Thaiwong
Mr.Worapot Inthong Mr.Suthon Boonprasong
Assistant Governor-Transmission Deputy Governor-Transmission
Mr.Kornrasit Pakchotanon
Governor Mr.Apidech Pintong
System Operation System

QC
No. Name Duty Education Age
Experience

Mr.Tewan Tantanatewin
Director, Northeastern Region 1 Ms.Kulthida Tantanatewin Leader Master 32 7
Operation Division
2 Mr.Jarluke Sutthivong Member Bachelor 55 21

3 Mr.Arthit Wiriyapakorn Member Bachelor 49 18

Mr.Jittipath Triyangkulsri
Department Chief, Northeastern 4 Mr.Krissana Tungjaroen Member Bachelor 47 8
Region Operation Division
5 Mr.Bandit Tongsri Member Bachelor 49 17

6 Mr.Nawanat Eua-anant Member Master 43 8

Young’s Express 7 Mr.Santi Sudchaleaw Member Master 49 21

8 Mr.Rawee Naktad Member Bachelor 48 17

9 Mr.Chokchai Kotesopa Member Bachelor 31 6

10 Mr.Rawit Thiravirojana Secretary Master 31 5

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Job Description
Electricity Generation and Transmission Operation EGAT
Power System Dispatching QC TEAM
System Voltage Control
Power System Restoration
Maintenance Cooperation
Control System Maintenance (SCADA)
SCADA : Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (Computer system at control center)

Generation System EGAT Transmission Line System Distribution System

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System Performance Index (SPI) Note: Full score 5

System Average Interruption Frequency Index : SAIFI (Times) Energy not Served : ENS (MWh)
System Average Interruption Duration Index : SAIDI (Minutes) Voltage Deviation : VD (Percentage)

SAIFI assessment chart Energy Not Served assessment chart

for the first 6 months of 2015 for the first 6 months of 2015
Index
Index

1 1
Accumulated 4.13 2
3
Accumulated 3.64 2
3
Assessment chart for the first 6 months of 2015
4 4
Level
5 5.00 5
4.13 3.64
2.96
SAIDI assessment chart Voltage Deviation assessment
for the first 6 months of 2015 chart for the first 6 months of 2015
Index
Index 1 2 3 4 Index
1 1
Accumulated 2.96 2 2
3
3
4 Accumulated 5.00 4
5
5
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Incident events that affect the SAIDI value from January to June 2015
Equipment/ Outage power/
No. Date Time Cause
Station Failure time

1 2/Jan 09.43- Transformer Flashover due to a bird around lightning arrester at low side, 8.7 MW/
phase C.
1 /15 09.57 KT1A at KK2
Substation
14 Minutes

22 30/Jan 13.14-
/15 13.25
Line 115kV
KK1-CPA
Flashover due to fire over sugarcane field at the tower no. 96/3-
97/1, 39 km from KK1 substation.
25.8 MW/
11 Minutes 4
3
33 9/Feb 19.39-
/15 19.46
Delivery Point Flashover due to fire over sugarcane field at the tower no. 22/2-
115kV NH to 22/3, 22 km from NH substation.
0.9 MW/
7 Minutes
PEA: BDG 2 1

44 26/Mar/ 19.45- Transformer 23.9 MW/

Flashover at pothead of disconnecting switch no. 2227.
15 19.58 KT2A at SO1 13 Minutes
Substation 5

55 5/May 20.11- Line 115kV UB1- Flashover due to lightning strike at tower no. 44/3 of circuit#1,
18.5 km from UB1 substation. Flash mark at arcing horn.
9.6 MW/
/15 20.20 SRD#1 9 Minutes
6
6 17/May/ 17.03- Delivery point Flashover due to a squirrel causing crack in support insulator, 19.5 MW/
6 15 17.08 22 kV NR1 to phase C, of disconnecting switch no.2216. 5 Minutes
PEA#1
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Flow Chart of Power System Restoration

2
Power Outage

1. Contact station operator to check troubles

Wait for information

2. Wait for information from station operator

Control Center 3
3. Collaborate and verify information 1 Contact station operator
to check troubles
Verify information
4. Analyze events Request PEA to charge line
5B. Request PEA to Analyze events 4
Energize outage device N transfer load to
(Not succeed) neighboring 5A
Y (Succeed)
station 6
5A. Request PEA to charge line

6. Charge line 5B
6
End
Request PEA to transfer load
PEA : Provincial Electricity Authority to neighboring station
Distribute power from the neighboring station
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Work flow process chart of system restoration procedures from January to June 2015
Transmission Delivery

Inspection
Operation
Avera

Storage
M0ving
Transformer

Delay
No Line Point ge
.
Restoration procedures 1 2 1 2 1 2 (Minutes
KK1 UB1 KK2 SO1 NH NR1 )

1 Contact station operator 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
Wait for information from station
2 operator 6.00 4.00 9.00 8.00 2.00 1.00 5.00

3 Verify the information 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.83

4 Analyze events 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

5
Energize outage device / transfer Step 2 takes maximum
1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

6
load to neighboring station
Charge line
average time 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50

Total 11 9 14 13 7 5 9.83

System Restoration Process Pareto

Selected topic :
Time (Mins) Percent
94.91% 100%
10.00 100%
89.83%
9.00 90%
8.00
79.65%
9.33 9.83 80%
7.00
69.48% 8.83 70%
7.83
6.00
5.00
5.00
50.86% 6.83
60%
50%
Waiting time reduction of incident
4.00 5.00 40%
3.00
2.00
1.83
1.00 1.00
30%
20%
information for power system restoration
1.00 0.50 0.50
in Northeast region of Thailand
10%
0.00 0%
Processes
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Waiting time reduction of incident information for power system

restoration in Northeast region of Thailand
Motivation
Team and staffs Organization Customer
Morale Policy Quality

Upper control line

Lower control line

Low quality of power transmission

Long time restoration / Damage to Performance Agreement (PA) management / Highly deviated
equipment / Blame from manager score less than 4 voltage / Power system not reliable
for 24 hours a day
Ethics & Morale Cost Delivery

ความเสี ยหายและขาดรายได้ 47,138 บาท/นาที)

ไฟดับรวม 415,400 กิโลวัตต์

Customer complain for Equipment damages / loss of Not enough power at delivery point
compensation (147,400 Baht) income (271,200 Baht) (88,400 kW outage)
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Average power outage from January to June 2015 (%)

Average 9 mins 50 secs

Time (Mins)

Substation Information Waiting Time

100
100 % Reduce 96.6%

Outage
Device
5 450 Mins
Secs
Mins
Performance Agreement (PA) 0 10 Secs
SAIDI for the first 6 months of 2015
Before Activity Goal
Outage/time = 30 mins/6 = 5 mins
1
2
3
Reduce waiting time in the
4 restoration process
Level 4; Power outage less than 30 minutes 5
from 5 minutes to 10 seconds
by December 2015
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WHEN
Items Process Responsible person
Jul15 Aug15 Sep15 Oct15 Nov15 Dec15

1. Identify problem (1-15 Jul 2015) Arthit, Bandit

2. Define current situation and set

(16-31 Jul 2015) Rawee, Bandit
PLAN target

3. Plan activities (1-15 Aug 2015) Chokchai, Krissana

4. Analyze root causes (16-31 Aug 2015) Rawee, Kulthida

DO 5. Improvement (1-30 Sep 2015) Nawanat, Kulthida

CHECK 6. Verify results (1-31 Oct 2015) Jarluke, Santi

7. Standardization (15 Oct -15 Nov 2015) Rawit, Krissana

ACTION 8. Follow-up Chokchai, Rawit

(1 Nov 2015-Present)

9. Conclusion and report (15 -31 Dec 2015) Arthit, Jarluke

Group Meeting Bandit

10 9 9 8 9 9 7 9 10

Plan Plan
Actual Actual Activity duration of 6 months from 1st July to 31st December 2015
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2 3 1 1
Control center Substation

Local operator/
KK1 Substation 10% Man 1 Control center
operator
10%Control Center SCADA System
Substations Control Center
RCC DSPServer
Line Buffer

100% Machine Local

Serial

Conventional RTU

Computer/

/IP
P
TC
Conventional RTU

IEN
2 Incident
OPWAN
Network

100% Materials IP RTU

TC
P/I
P

information
80% KK1GCC

IP RTU Operation Network

GCC Data

80% Information
PO Substation KK1 Group Control Method 3 access
Center (GCC)
procedure
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Why1 Why2 Why3 Why4

Waiting for local Control center has to

Responsibility scope
operator to check Only 10% of
monitor events from UC
information for all area in northeast
information sent
region GCC can monitor all
control center to control center UC
events
operator
1 No. of important
Only important
information is limited
information required UC
Why by system design
Incident
takes a Waiting for GCC Communication
long information is Limitation of
operator to check 80% at GCC C1 protocol supports
time information for
communication
only 768 statuses and UC
waiting control center
system
128 analog points
for
incident operator 7 alarm groups,
informa Several alarm 3 pages/group C2
tion? 1 2 displays (total 21 pages)
Many sets of
A lot of incident
Taking long time A lot of event information
protection system C3
logs on display data
to perceive
information from Mix of irrelevant and Incoming information
SCADA computer Alarm display incident information includes maintenance C4
changed due to and operation data
2 3 many of event
Incident information
log feeds
sorted by sequence C5
C = Controllable UC = Uncontrollable of time
Note : GCC = Group Control Center
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Proof C1
Why takes a long time Incident information
waiting for incident Waiting for GCC operator to check
information? information for control center operator is 80% at GCC

100% of incident information is at local substation, 80% at GCC.

Proof results of an incident event :
Ex.
KK2 Substation Incident information at local substation
10%

10%
100% Control Center
Incident information at GCC

100%
80%
2 minutes
80%
PO Substation KK1 GCC
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Proof C2
Why takes a long time Taking long time to perceive 7 alarm groups, 3
waiting for incident Several alarm
information from SCADA pages/group
information? displays
computer (total 21 pages)

When an incident occurs, searching process through several alarm pages takes a long time.
Proof results of an incident event :
Alarm Display at GCC When an incident event occurred, GCC
operator had to search through several alarm
pages at GCC.

Each substation has 7 Alarm page at GCC

groups of alarm type.
Each type has 3 pages, Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
total 21 pages. It takes
time searching through
all alarm pages. Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Group 7

2 minutes
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Proof C3
Why takes a long time Taking long time to perceive Many sets of
waiting for incident A lot of event A lot of incident
information from SCADA protection system
information? logs on display information
computer data

When an incident occurs, operators take a long time searching many sets of protection information.
Proof results of transformer outage event :
2nd January 2015 09.43 - 09.57 AM From an incident event, local information has
KT1A transformer at KK2 tripped by
been grouped before sending to control center.
transformer differential relay (phase
A,C) caused power outage 8.7 MW Control center had to contact local operator for
for 14 minutes. more information.
Alarm group at control center
Major/Minor Alarm Displays
NAMPONG-1

KHON KAEN-1

4 minutes
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Proof C4
Why takes a long time Taking long time to perceive Mix of irrelevant Incoming information
waiting for incident A lot of event
information from SCADA and incident includes maintenance
information? logs on display
computer information and operation data

Operators take a long time finding the problem due to incoming information irrelevant to incident.
Proof results of transformer outage event :
23rd August 2015 09.59-10.10 AM KT6A transformer at KK1 During 09.59-10.05 AM, event lists can be categorized
tripped by transformer lockout relay showing phase A and 86K as follows :
caused power outage 16.8 MW for 11 minutes. 1. Event lists of KK1 14 items.
2. Event lists of other impacted stations 124 items.
3. Event lists of operation and maintenance 102 items.
Graph shows amount of information
Major Alarm by event type.
Items

124
102

Major Alarm
14
Type
KK1 Impacted Operation&
stations maintenance

3 minutes
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Proof C5
Why takes a long time Taking long time to perceive Alarm display Incident information
waiting for incident information from SCADA changed due to many sorted by sequence
information? computer of event log feeds of time

Operators take a long time discover the problem due to event log feeds.
Proof results of transformer outage event :
23rd August 2015 09.59-10.10 AM KT6A transformer at KK1 Event display showed alarm lists in
tripped by transformer lockout relay showing phase A and 86K sequence of time and constantly shift when new
caused power outage 16.8 MW for 11 minutes. information coming.

1 minute
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The solutions with total score of 5 are verified to proceed

Target How1 How2 How3 How4 Solution Select solution

Expense < 3,000 Baht

Find out an
How to reduce waiting time of incident information?

Develop automatic

No repeat problem
Create
approach procedure to import

No new problem
Direct
access to
database and
picture
to transfer substation data Summ
information and GCC monitoring
ary

Total score
Self action
information management

Easy to do
to control system at control
system center
center

Display data in text file format

No
Select Import and display in SCADA system      4
important
information
Filter Find out an abnormal-state action
approach to information on
annunciator Import data into SCADA system
filter only a new computer set No
     3
information abnormal-state and display in graphic format

Collaborate
for analysis information action
and simplify Import data and create cloning 1
information
Create a display
GCC SCADA system
     5 Action
showing only
No
abnormal Implement a new computer to
Display Information monitor abnormal information      2
important Develop a new Collaborate
information approach to
action
major and
display major minor alarm
Create alarm-filtered display 2
and minor from all Display all
at GCC SCADA system
     5 Action
Display alarms substation information
instant In one page Create a display containing 3
information all major and minor alarms      5 Action
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Implement Remote GCC system at control center

1 for monitoring incident information. Concept : CCTV system

1 2 3 4
Remote GCC
installation
procedure Select an unused
Select installation location Setup a computer set
Install program and
computer train operators
Daily update structure database at 3.00 AM and real-time database every minute.
10%

80%

Substation GCC
Remote GCC server Monitor remote GCC

KK1GCC KK1 NPO2

CYP CYP2GCC K
K
2

RE1 NR2

RE2GCC NPO2GCC
KK
UB2 NN2 UD3
2
KK
2
KK
2
KK

UB2GCC NR2GCC 2
KK
2
KK
2
KK
2
KK
2
KK
2
KK
2

NN2GCC UD3GCC KK
2
KK
2
KK
2
KK
2
KK
2
KK

1.1 Configure the automatic data transfer 1.2 Create virtual machines to 1.3 Install remote GCC client
2
KK
2

system from GCC to control center. simulate GCC systems. at control center.

Result : Control center can check an incident information instantaneously (Status updated every minute).
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2 Create an alarm-filtered display on GCC SCADA system.

Substation

Concept : CCTV Motion

detection system will
alert when movement Group1 Group2 Group3
Major Alarm
Group4 Group5 Group6
Minor Alarm
Group7

has been detected. 7 groups 21 pages to 1 page

Displays incident details and Group Alarm after improvement.

Result : When an incident occurs, alarm will automatically be displayed on the

designed page without searching on the conventional 21 alarm pages.
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3 Create a Major / Minor Alarm display for all substations in one page.

Concept : CCTV
system displays
all cameras in
one screen.

Result : When incident occurs, the related protection will

be immediately displayed for operators. This help analyzing
the problem and restoring the power system.
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Flow Chart of Power System Restoration

2 K
K
1

R
N
P
O
2
N
C
Y
P

Power Outage
E R
1 2
U S U
B O D
2 2 3

1. Contact station operator to check troubles Waiting for

information
Control Center
2. Verify information via Remote GCC client
1 Contact station operator ตรวจสอบข้
Verification
Verify อthe
information มูvia
ล
to check troubles
ผ่าRemote
นหน้ าGCC
จอเสมื
information clientอน
3. Analyze event Request PEA to charge line สถานี แม่ข่าย

4B. Request PEA to Analyze events 3

Energize outage device N transfer load to
(Not Succeed) neighboring 4A
Y (Succeed)
station 5
4A. Request PEA to charge line

5. Charge line 4B
5
End
Request PEA to transfer load
to neighboring station
Distribute power from the neighboring station
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Checking the results : After the improvement between 1st - 31st October 2015,
operators can access incident information immediately.

The result of system restoration in an outage case at KK1 October 19 th, 2015
Outage power/
No. Date Time Equipment/ Station Cause Failure time

1 19/Oct/ 10.18 Transformer Pressure Relay of OLTC KT6A Transformer failed 17.4 MW/
15 KT6A at KK1 Substation 4 Minutes

Work Flow Process Chart of the system restoration

KK2
on 19th October 2015
Trans

Inspection
Operation
form Average

Moving

Storage
No. Restoration procedures

Delay
er (Minutes)
KK2

KK2
KK1
1 Contact station operator 0.50 0.50
KK2

KK2

KK2

KK2

KK2
2 Verifyinformation 1.00 1.00
3 Analyze events 1.00 1.00
KK2

KK2

KK2

Energize outage device / transfer load

KK2

4 1.00 1.00
KK2

to neighboringstation
KK2

KK2

5 Charge line
KK2

KK2

KK2
0.50 0.50
Total 4 4.00
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Before Activity After Activity

The Work Flow Process Chart of the restoration process The Work Flow Process Chart of the restoration process
from January to June 2015 from 1st-31st October 2015
Transmission

Inspection
Operation
Transformer DeliveryPoint Trans

M0ving

Inspection
Storage

Operation
Delay
Average
No. Restorationprocedures Line form Average

Moving

Storage
(Minutes)
No. Restoration procedures
1 2 1 2 1 2
KK1 UB1 KK2 SO1 NH NR1

Delay
er (Minutes)

1 Contactstationoperator 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 KK1

Wait for informationfromstation 1 Contact station operator
2 operator 6.00 Eliminate
4.00 9.00 8.00 2.00 1.00 5.00 0.50 0.50

3 Verifythe information 2.00 2.00 Simplify

2.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.83
2 Verifyinformation 1.00 1.00

4 Analyzeevents 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 3 Analyze events 1.00 1.00

Energizeoutagedevice / transferload Energize outage device / transfer load

5 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 4 1.00 1.00
toneighboringstation to neighboringstation
6 Chargeline 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 5 Charge line 0.50 0.50
Total 11 9 14 13 7 5 9.83 Total 4 4.00

Restoration time at the “waiting for information” step can be reduced 100%,
higher than the target 3.4%

(%)

100% Reduced 96.6% Reduced 100%

100

50
5 450 MSecs
ins 0
Mins
Mins
Higher than the target 3.4%
10 Secs 10 secs
0
Before Activity Goal After Activity
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Restoration time at the “waiting for information” step

can be reduced to 0 minute (100%) within December 2015
Before activity After activity
Index Index
SAIDI 1 1
Accumulated 2.96 2 SAIDI 2
3 3
4
Accumulated 4.40 4
5 5

Expansion
Accumulated SPI > 4
North Northeast
Reduce EGAT loss ~ 1,200,000 Baht/year

Metropolis Central
Power system
Restoration time < 4
reliable for 24
minutes/time
hours a day
Installed
South Do not installed
Immediate access to incident information
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The standard of KK2

Waiting time reduction

of incident information KK2

for power system KK2

KK2

restoration in
KK2

KK2

KK2

Northeast region of KK2

KK2

Thailand. KK2

KK2

KK2

KK2

KK2

KK2

KK2

KK2

Procedures for control center operator : KK2

1. Check for abnormal-state information from

Remote GCC client.
2. The alarm-filtered display will automatically
show abnormal-state information.
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Activity follow-up
Graph showing the result of restoration time at the “waiting for information” step when an
incident occurs.
10
9 Activity
Before After
Follow up
9 Activity
8
8
7 1st November 2015 – Present
6
When incidents occurs, control center
6
Minute

can access to incident information immediately.

5
4
4
3 Control standard
2 2 Access time to incident information
1 equal to 10 seconds
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0

Station/date
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The performance of “Energy Not Served” is still below the criteria 4.

SAIDI Assessment for the last 6 months of 2015 Energy Not Served Assessment for the last 6 months of 2015

Index เกณฑ ์ว ัด Index

1
1

Accumulated 4.40 2 Accumulated 3.64 2

3
3
4
4
5
5

Reduce time to notify fault location of

transmission line outage
in Northeast region
Motivation

Power system is Reduce outage time and

Less complaints and
reliable and continuous provide sufficient power
compensation
24 hours a day. at delivery point
Question and Answer
Young’s Express