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Portal Frame
Design Of Portal Frame
Yy
,
+ LL. =60~-66.67 tana
= 200-300 tana "for
Wy=LL. x8 Portal Frame
3) Wind Joad »
Wend = (Cox Kxq) x
K=
Oforh< 10m t ji
| for h<20m
0 kgim? in Cairo
Pressure side
© Vertical surface " surface 1" a Section
C.= 408 H owe
W,=08x 10x 70x8 a
© Inclined Surface " surface 2"
depends on inclination of surface
Fortana <0.4 -C.=06
For tan a > 08 = C= 408
For0.8 Ltinax 80 Fee = Fis
Fox = Mp / Sx Litmax SO use knee bracing to decreas.
ifnon compact
and So Fh = (14
1.536 if compact see }
L 80X80X8
Purlin
L 60X60X6,
PL 10MM.
Sec 3-3: Max -ve
Te= tw X (2H) / 12 +2 (Dex ty CH= tp / 2
Se=l ys hsh
Fiox = (1-4 if non compact
1.536 if compact see )
a x
Sx < Ftex Portal Frame
Design of column
Choose the critical section |" without wind" or 4 * with wind”
1-Choice of Section:
> Me
Assume fi, = 1.2 Vern” and get the S. required = i al cm*
and from the tables we choose the appropriate IPE
2-Cheek.
finaly get faa Fe, fix . Foo, and Ay and check A, $1.00 as
previously described in design of rolled columns.
gr Portal Frame
Side and End grits
Both side and end girts are used to mount the side or end cladding, the
difference between the two is that the side girts are supported on the main column and
men |
the end girts are supported on the end gables column.
; q
|
~ The acting loads:
© Dead Load.
‘Own weight (15
Weight of the st
5-8) kg/m? for single layer.
© Wind load
~ In this case the wind load will be a main load so it will be a
case A
Waint= (Cex K xq) xa
C.=08
K=L0 for AS 10 m
Ll for h< 20m
q= 70 kg/m in Cairo
x Side Or End Girt
The straining actions.
© = W,= due to wind load only
ears Vind Load => + 4, Y
uals
8
© Wy= due to dead loads only
Wy= wexa tow
W,xS Dead Load
M,=—
8
Such that S is:
‘The span of side girtd = spacing between main frames columns
The span of end girts. = spacing between end gables columns.
wn Portal Frame
And a is:
The spacing between side or end girts.
3- Choice of Section:
As the channels are non compact sections so F,., = 1.4 ven?
Assume S,=7 S, for hot rolled sec. or $.=6 $, for cold formed see
i . M,+(60r7)M,
By solving the first equation we get the S, required = “17 O74,
om
14
And from the tables we choose the appropriate channel.
4- Check
\, M
eee
NB.
In case of not satisfied we increase the channel section or use tie rod to
reduce My
14 Portal Frame
End Gable Column
The end gable column is the supporting element of the end girts, its statical
system is hinged base and roller connection with the rafter as shown in figure, so there
8 no normal force transmitted from the rafter to the end gable
1+,
Design Procedure:
3 The acting loads
a, Dead Load.
i, Own weight (40 - 60) ke/m™
ii, Weight of the steel sheets w -8) ka/m* for single layer.
ui, Weight of the end girts w= (10 - 20) kg/m*
b. Wind load:
i. In this ease the wind load will be a main load so it will be a
case A
fi, Woont= (Cex K x q) x S) He arecing
08
0 for #<10 m
= Ll for h<20m
q= 70 kg/m in Cairo
Vind toed 7
4- ‘The staining actions: v
a, Wx= due to wind load only
Wy= Wong Portal Frame
due to dead loads only
We (Si XA) + ow. xh + We x (number of girts ) x S;
Such that
Si = The span of end girts = spacing between end gables columns
h= The end gable height
5- Choice of Seetion
ind get the S, required = is em?
and from the tables we choose the appropriate IPE
6- Check
3+ than= Toy hus = the bigger of ( distance between end girts or height of
eres
S- Check for compact Section
6- Lina = distance between end girts
20xb,
vf
1380 4,
Foxd
T~ Calculate Lumas =
+ tex, <1.00
8 And finaly get f,Fe, fix, Feex and Ay and check
as previously described in design of rolled columns
Purtin
Rafter
sted connection
End guble col
bra Portal Frame
Example
Itis required for the shown industrial building to -
42m
_
24m
a. Draw witha suitable scale a complete layout for the main system "2 hinged
steel frame” of clear height 8m
b. Calculate the loads on the frame for the diff. cases of loading
© Design the Col , Rafter , Side girts & end gable column.
104 A ) The general layout.
2.0m
60m f
420m —
Ko
tom 40m
Vertical Bracing
6.0m |
Plan
tt 4.0m ———_
14/24
& 6.0m 4 t
1Sm
Lom
25m
Elevation
10:1
SS 1 =
HE { |
sm [ht I
Oral i r H 8.0m
-¢— i?
23m) l |
a NL | i
| 6.0m
24.0m
15/24
End Gable Section Portal Frame
B — loads on frame
tana=0.1 a=5.71
y
.
Wa= ((We / cos a) + Ws )x $= ((5 008 5.71) +25) x6 = 180 kg/m
2) Live load
° LL. = 60 ~ 66.67 tan a = 60 - 66.67 x 0.1 = 53.33 kg/m?
W, = LL. x $= 53.33 x6 = 320 kom
3) Wind load
Wena (Cox K xq) S
0 forhs 10m .
= 11 forh< 20m
q= 70 kg/m? in Cairo
© Vertical surface " surface 1" y
C= 108
Wi =0.8x 1070 x6 = 340 kgm
© Inclined Surface * surface 2"
tana=0.1<04 C.=-06
Wo= 0.6.x 10x 70 x6 =-250 kg/m
Suction side
© Vertical surface ” surface 3"
Co=05
Ws =-0.5x 1.0% 70x6=-200kgim
© Inclined Surface " surface 4”
C= 05
Wa = -0.5 x 10x 70 x 6 = -200 kg/m
= Wy + W, =0.324+0.18=0.5 vm
16pa Onginal system
w, Pressure Suction
side | side
I 4
Case (A) D.L. + LL. Case (B) W.L.
Modified system
6 ton 6ton 3.53 ton
Case (A) D.L. + LL.
36 mt
Mo Total load | Portal Frame
From case A ( Dead + Live Only )
Sto = 2 (36x 12/2 x {8+ 2/3 x12) +( 2/3. x 9x 12) x 8/2 +9.22))
-5040
Si =2(8X8/2 x23 XB+8X 12x (8249.22) +12 12/2 x (8 +28 x12) =2119.25
810+ Xx by =O
X= 2.378
From case B ( Wind Load)
S10 = 28 x 2.72x8x4-23.2 x 8/2 x23 x8
+ 23X45 x12 x 8.6 - 22.56 x 12/2 x84 -0.64 x 12N 2x86
+2/3X3.6x 12 8.6~5.75 x 12X84
FIBXBX16X4-6.4 x82 x23x8
+1540.4
81 = 2(8x8/2N 23 XB+BX 12K (8249.22) 412% 12K (B+W 12)
19.25
dio Xr x81 =0
Xi = 0.72
Final
loment
6.06 mt
20mt :
i f t 0.16 mt |
Case (A) D.L. + LL. J 1
L i
Case of wind
neglected
Design of rafter:
o= 13 mt N = neglected
Assume f= 1.536 Vem? Sx = 13 x 100 / 1.536 = 850 em?
Choose LP.E 360
TRIM Portal Frame
Check
Dy/ ty = (36-4 x 1.27) /0,8 = 38.6 <82
C/te=8.5/127=6.7< 10.9
Lumax = 20 bf /¥ Fy = 20x 17/\2.4= 219
Sec 2-2: Mtve
Luact = a = 200 om < Laiax = 219
See is compact
Fhex = 1.536 t/ em?
Foe = Mx/ Sx = 1300 / 904 = 1.438 t em? < Foe = 1.536 t/cm? Safe
End of the haunch
Xtana
Xch+Xtana)+WyX
YxX
My=2.5(84+Xx0.1)+05X7/2-9xX
= 0.25 X*-5.75 X+20 20/8 = 2.5
| to get Xs put My
13 =0.25 X,
Xn
~ 5.75 Xy +20
29 take length of haunch = 1.5 m
2 to get the point of Zero Shear * beginning of the -ve moment zone * X.
put My = zero
0=0.25 X,
5.75 Xo +20
27m
Lia = 427m > Ling so use knee bracing
and so Fhe = 1.536 vemn*
See 3-3: Max -ve
I
x (2h)? / 12 +2 (be x te h=te/2
8x (729/12 +2. (17x 1.27 (36 - 1.27/29
= 78887 om!
Sx = Ik /y = 78887 / 36 = 2191.6 em?
Free = 1.536 Vem*
x
127
Fix = Mg / Sx = 2000 / 2191.6 = 0.91 Vem? < Frox “yr
194 Portal Frame
Design of column
Choice of sec 1
Me
20 mt N=6ton
2 Vem? S,= 20x 100 / 1.2 = 1666.6 em?
Assume f
Choose I.P.E 500
Cheek,
Fal Fe+At fin / Fhex $1
Loa =K¥8
Gy = 10 hinged base
Gn =(le/ Le) / (Ig / Lg) = (48200 /89/(17270/24)=8.4 K=2.90
Lon = 2.90 x 8= 23.20 m
Liou = 4.0m
ft. = 2330/20.4 = 113.7 < 180
jana = Lty / ty = 400 /4.31 = 92.8 < 180
Yonax = 113.7 > 100
© = 7500 (113.7)
= 0.58 vem"
F
F 2 vem’
Fal Fe=09<.15 Ay=1.0
Fox = Mx / Sx = 2000 / 1930 = 1.036 t/ 1
Luact = 400 em Lumax = 20 bf/V Fy = 20 x 20/V2.4
Section is non compact or slender
Py =-N/A+Mg/S
-.052 + 1.036 = .99
052 - 1.036 = -1.09
Dultw=(50~ 4x 16 )/ 102 = 42.7 <(190/ (Fy) x (2+ ¥))) = HLS
“t= 10/1
6.25 < 14.8
See is non compact
20/04 Portal Frame
Monat / Meg = - 10/20 =
Co= 175+ 105 a4.3a7= 13
Frey = 800 AF Cp /( Lud ) = 800 x 20 x 1.6 x 1.3/( 400 x 50) = 1.66 > 14
Frex= 14 t/em?
“ease A” safe,
20
10
104 Portal Frame
Design Of end gable:
1 The acting loads:
h=8+ 12x01
a, Dead Load:
i Own weight 50 kg/m’
ii, Weight of the steel sheets
iii, Weight of the end girts
2m
b. Wind load:
i. In this case the wind load will be a main load so it will be a
case A
ii, Wwina= (Cex K x Sy a
C= 08
1.0 for h<10 m
70 kg/m? in Cairo
2. The straining actions Vind Lona
he straining action co d
a. W,= due to wind load only
We= Wont = 0.8 x Lx 70 x6 = 0.336 Um
ne E 5s
My 22% = 0.3368 9.27/8= 3.55 mt
due to dead loads only
N= wex (Si Xh) + 0.W. xt Wy X (number of gitts ) x S)
N=6x (6x 9.2) +50 9.2 +20 x(5)x6= 14 ton
Choice of see:
M, = 3.55 mt N= 14 ton
3x 100/ 1.2 7
Assume f= 1.2 vem? 96 erm
Choose LP-E 240
Cheek
Foal Fe + At fix Foo SU
m “wall height "
Looe = 9.2 m_
22004 Portal Frame
Lay ty = 250/269
Jove = Lag
2.9-< 180
2.3< 180
= 14-65 x 10° (93)
Fae 14/39.1= 035 Vem’
83 Vem?
PalFe= 083 <.15 A,
Far =My/S,
951324 = 109t/ om?
Loaet = 250 em. Lumax = 20 bf/V Fy = 20x 12/V24= 1549 < 250
Section is non compact or slender
Fr=-N/A+M/S,=.035 +1095 1.055
F
N/A-My IS.
~035- 109 = -1.195
Perse
-937 > 1
Dylt
(24-4 80.98 )/0.62 =
2. 38 <(190 /(NFy) x (2 + Y= 1153
Clt=6/998 56.175 < 14.8
See isaen compact
C= LB
Fit = 800 AFC, /( Lud) = 800 x 12x 0.98 x1 13/(250x24)= 1.7514
Foes = Lot tem? :
pplying interaction equation :
843+ 1.0% 1.09;
O82<1 "ease A" safe,
14 Portal Frame
Design of Side girts
1 The acting loads:
© Dead Load,
~ Own weight 20.kg/m
~ Weight of the steel sheets w. = 6 kg/m?
° Wind load:
> In this case the wind load will be a main Jad so it will be a
case A
~ Woint= (Cox K xq) xa
08
10 for As 10 m x
70 kg/m? in Cairo | | Siée_Or End
2- The straining actions: hed toad > yl eae lesa
+ Wy = due to wind load nly Wid Lond > We
Wi = Wend = 0.8 8 8 70.8 1.5 = 84 kg dn i
. il
My ©. = 0.084 x 67/8 = 0.378 mt
. to dead loads only Dead Load
Na tow. =6x 15 +205 29 kgin
Wy x8? A
My = SS = 0.029 67/8 = 0.1305 mt
As the channels are non compact sections so Fi, = 14 vee”
S.=7 Sy for hot rolled see
M,+7M
Ta
37847 13.05) 41.4 = 92.25em*
Sy required =
choose C 160
5 Check
M Fi
+ en, = 278/116 + 13.05 183 = 104 Vem? < 1.4 vem?
safe but waste so try C 10 and recheck
; 2404
