A SYNOPSIS

ON

GSM BASED STREETLIGHT AUTOMATION USING

ANDROID APPLICATION
SUBMITTED BY

BILAL PATEL
PRASHANT GAIKAR
PRADIPKUMAR YADAV
PUNEET GULERIA

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

PROF.DR.MONIKA BHAGWAT

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

PILLAI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
NEW PANVEL – 410 206
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
Academic Year 2017 – 18
 Department of Electronics Engineering,
Pillai College of Engineering,
New Panvel – 410 206

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the requirements for the project synopsis entitled ‘GSM based
streetlight automation using android application’ has been successfully completed by the
following students,

Name Roll No.

Bilal Patel EEA64
Prashant Gaikar EEA65
Pradipkumar Yadav EEA 66
Puneet Guleria EEA68

in partial fulfillment of Bachelor of Engineering (Electronics) University of Mumbai, in the

Department of Electronics, Pillai College of Engineering, New Panvel during the academic
year 2016 – 2017.

Internal guide ________________ Project Co-ordinator ________________

(Prof.Dr.Monika Bhagwat) (Prof.Ujwal Harode)

Head of Department ______________ Principal _________________

(Prof.R.H.Khade) (Dr.R.I.K.Moorthy)

Internal Examiner ________________ External Examiner ________________

 CONTENTS

a) ABSTRACT i
b) LIST OF FIGURES ii
c) LIST OF TABLES iii

1) INTRODUCTION 1-3
1.1 Significance 1
1.2 Background 1
1.3 Scope 3

2) LITERATURE SURVEY 4-5

2.1 History 4
2.2 Comparison with existing implementations 5

3) PROBLEM DEFINATION 6

4) METHODOLOGY 7-16

5) CONCLUSION 17
6) REFERENCES 18
 ABSTRACT
Currently in the whole world enormous electric energy is consumed street lights
are usually very costly to operate bad controlling of street lights lead to vehicle
accidents. Today street lights system is not flexible most of the controlling is
manual where as some are automated based on environment parameters. Biggest
problem is to handle remote area locations manual mistakes result into power
wastage. So there is a need of efficient street light system to provide wireless
access for controlling it. Server which can be used to control whole city’s street
light and low cost internet technology can be used for remote access. Proposed
system controls all the street lights using an android application all the street lights
connected to a junction these junctions are controlled by an android application as
per the need street lights can be switched on/off. The main motive behind
implementing this project is to save energy.

i
 LIST OF FIGURES

SR FIG NAME OF FIG. (CAPTION) PAGE

NO. NO. NO.

1 4.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM 8

Microcontroller PIC16f877A 9
2 4.2
3 4.3 Functional block diagram of 10
microcontroller
11
4 4.4 Voltage regulator IC
12
5 4.5 Push Button for reset 13

6 4.6 RS232 14
Relay 14
7 4.7
LCD module 15
8 4.8
16
9 4.9 Circuit Diagram

ii
 List Of Tables

Sr Table no. Name of the table Page no

no.
1. 4.1 Component List 8

iii
 INTRODUCTION
1.1Significance

Due to the increase of environmental concerns, lighting control systems will play
an important role in the reduction of energy consumption of the lighting without
impeding comfort goals. As mentioned the energy is the single most important
parameter to consider when assessing the impacts of technical systems on the
environment. Energy related emissions are responsible for approximately 80% of
air emissions and central to the most serious global environmental impacts and
hazards, including climate change, acid deposition, smog and particulates. Lighting
is often the largest electrical load in offices, but the cost of lighting energy
consumption is low when compared to the personnel costs. Thus its energy saving
potential is often neglected. According to study global grid based electricity
consumption for lighting was about 2650 TW in 2005, which was an equivalent of
19% of total global electricity consumption. European office buildings dedicate
about 50% of their electricity for lighting, whereas the share of electricity for
lighting is around 20-30% in hospitals, 15% in factories, 10-15% in schools and
10% in residential buildings..Intelligent lighting control and energy management
system is a perfect solution for energy saving, especially in public lighting
management. It realizes remote on/off and dimming of lights, which can save
energy by 40%, save lights maintenance costs by 50%, and prolong lamp life by
25%. The system application in streetlight control for each lamp will reduce in
streetlight electricity and maintenance cost, and increase availability of street light.

1.2Background

GSM based street light monitoring & control system is an automated system
designed to increase the efficiency and accuracy by automatically timed controlled
switching of street lights. GSM based street light monitoring & control system
consists of a p89v51rd2 microcontroller which on setting of time switches
ON/OFF the street lights and dims at 12midnight for reducing power consumption
and when any movement is detected it bright. This is smart way of managing street
lighting systems. There are basically two modules which include the client side and
the server side. The client side consists of the GSM modem which is further

7
connected to the microcontroller. The server side consists of the cell phone it has a
core engine.
There are four LED for indication of bulb. Solar street lights are immensely useful
as standalone source of light on streets and in premises, gardens and industrial
appliances. Solar Street is also available in power LED version. Automatic
dimming after preset time in the evening is optionally provided. LEDs are
automatically put on dimming mode after 4/5/6 hours after dusk. This saves on
panel and battery cost.

Basically, street lighting is one of the important parts of a city’s infrastructure

where the main function is to illuminate the city’s streets during dark hours of the
day. Previously, the numbers of street lamps are relatively simple but with the
development of urbanization, the number of streets increases rapidly with high
traffic density. There are several factors need to be considered in order to design a
good street lighting system such as night-time safety for community members and
road users, provide public lighting at cost effective and the reduction of crime.
GSM based street light monitoring & control system is an automated system
designed to increase the efficiency and accuracy by automatically timed controlled
switching of street lights. GSM based street light monitoring & control system
consists of a p89v51rd2 microcontroller which on setting of time switches
ON/OFF the street lights and dims at 12mid night for reducing power consumption
and when any movement is detected it bright. This is smart way of managing street
lighting systems. There are basically two modules which include the client side and
the server side. The client side consists of the GSM modem which is further
connected to the microcontroller. The server side consists of the cell phone it has a
core engine.
There are four LED for indication of bulb. Solar street lights are immensely useful
as standalone source of light on streets and in premises, gardens and industrial
appliances. Solar Street is also available in power LED version. Automatic
dimming after preset time in the evening is optionally provided. LEDs are
automatically put on dimming mode after 4/5/6 hours after dusk. This saves on
panel and battery cost

8
1.3Scope
1. Any authorized person can control the whole city’s street lights through a single
point of control and can control energy consumption
2. As street lights can be switched ON/OFF according to the time automatically or
manually at the specific location, effective use of energy is achieved.
3. It is a reliable and a low cost communication mechanism. It can bring up easy
deployment so as to integrate with the current system.
4. Streets lights can be switched on or off in alternate patterns also. Ease of
installation is there. There are no hidden engineering costs. It is highly scalable.
5. You can add nodes anywhere in the network and the network software will look
after the connections for you.

9
 Literature Survey

Many research contributions have been published pertaining to the home

automation and automatic security systems.
The fundamental information regarding the home automation and security systems
implemented with Arduino and GSM technology are described and presented by
Kaur .
Some researchers used Bluetooth technology in networking environment as well as
automation systems for instance; Sriskanthan
Developed an application for home automation using Bluetooth technology. In
previous past, home automation systems are ambiguous and complicated due to the
system hardware but nowadays these systems are used by many people across the
world with modern technologies. Touch screen based home automation system is
developed by Wagh
In the developed appliance system,the android application having low cost and
provide switching services is presented and with object oriented programming
language by Pawar .
The Internet of Things was used in the proposed system for controlling and
monitoring the various appliances. GSM is widely used in such kind of application
that controls the appliances. In Pakistan most of the offices, business platforms and
educational institutes have not any appliances security system that provide facility
to control the devices through-out the smart phone applications. Thus, no work has
been found in Pakistan from the side of security control system. The security of
homes is mandatory in countries like Pakistan. The survey was conducted by
Chitnis
From the peoples having different background for the awareness of the automatic
home automation system and its significance particularly in terms of security. The
home security system is developed and presented by Mali
Using motion sensor and PIR sensor. It is noted that Arduino board and GSM is
used for data processing and messaging. Moreover, low power Bluetooth protocol
is used in automation system by Chandra
With suitable authentication for correct person. On the other hand, PIC based
remote control system is presented by Erol

10
For intelligent homes. This system is electrically and optically isolated system that
is much secure. The Pin-Check algorithm is used in developed system in order to
enhance and improve the security

2.1History

1.Conventional method
The most common method which is used, utilizes man power to do tasks such as
switching on/off of street lamps. This is very tedious and difficult job to do and
workers have to perform it on daily basis.

2.GSM based RFID approach to automatic street lighting system

Saving of power is the need for our society. The main objective is to control the
street lighting using Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF). RFID reader is fixed in
the street light and the tags are given to individual houses, the user has to show his
tag to the reader and the information will be intimated to the server through GSM.
The engineer may respond to the issue immediately.GSM is used to transmit the
data to the server like load balancing, disconnection of power and complaints.
Regarding power in the houses, balancing a load is the major issue in the
electricity. To overcome this problem current transformer is used. The function of
current transformer is used to send the load details continuously to controller.
Already the loads values are predefined in the microcontroller are compared with
the present value. If the values are more than the predefined values, it will
automatically send a message through GSM .

2.2Comparison with existing implementations

The present system is like, the street lights will be switched on in the evening
before the sun set and they are switched off the next day morning after there is
sufficient light on the roads. While in proposed system can be monitored remotely
depending upon conditions.
Two sensors are used which are light dependent resistor LDR sensor to indicate a
day/night time and the photoelectric sensors to detect the movement on street and
in proposed system we can configure it accordingly.

11
 Problem Definition
In today’s world, power saving is very important and difficult. Though there are
many power generation methods, it has become very difficult due to insufficient
resources. So, saving of power is the need for our society.
A Street light, lamppost, street lamp, light standard, or lamp standard is a raised
source of light on the edge of a road or walkway, which is turned on or lit at a
certain time every night. Major advantages of street lighting include prevention of
accidents and increase in safety. Studies have shown that darkness results in a large
number of crashes and fatalities, especially those involving pedestrians; pedestrian
fatalities are 3 to 6.75 times more likely in the dark than in daylight. Street lighting
has been found to reduce pedestrian crashes by approximately 50%. This project is
about how power can be saved in street lights. The main objective is to control the
street lights (dim during dawn and dusk time as well as bright during night time)
using passive infrared motion detector.

12
 Methodology
Hardware implementation of Auto light intensity and Auto switching system
control for Smart Street lighting system is proposed. We used AT COMMAND for
functionally of street light just like server used. By sending a SMS onto
microcontroller by the help of mobile they read it and match by itself .If
microcontroller are accept them then, street-light is ON vice versa for OF01.We
are used contractor against to relay to protect and control of maintained of supply.
There is inbuilt circuit are here power supply are given to module therefore by the
help of ac capacitor we reduce the ripple and then convert into dc by the help of
bridge rectifier further by using antenna they transmit the MSG to microcontroller
the read and accept if they match with at command after then MSG should be
received led light emitted and unit of street light 1or unit 2 or unit 3.all of them
should be open. Vice versa they should be OFF.
The entire street light lamps are connected to relay driver circuit. Base server will
run a Java application which will maintain complete street when we want to switch
ON/OFF any particular street light, server will send a GSM SMS to that street
controller to take necessary action. Further, with By using the auto switching
system of Smart Street light we can also reduce energy consumption because
manually operating lighting system are not switched ON earlier before
Sunset and also not switched OFF properly after the sun rise. In healthy condition
street light operates in a normal working condition by turning ON and OFF
automatically for night and day light, but in unhealthy condition the street light
does not turn ON or OFF and it sends a feedback message to control room to notify
the host. The host is able to turn ON or OFF the street light manually and
wirelessly with the help of graphical user interface. In a fault condition,the street
light sends an Error message to the control room to alert the host or operator
regarding the fault. The operator notified and takes further action to carry out
repair works. As compared to the conventional street lighting system, the smart
street system offers high reliability, low maintenance. The feedback system allows
the street light to respond with
the control room reporting its daily status and condition Mobile should not only
used for MSG but also for web application.

13
Block Diagram:

Fig.4.1

Component List

Sr
no. Parameters Ratings
1. Microcontroller PIC16F877A
2. Push Button For Reset 3A-5A
3. RS232 IC -
4. Crystal 10MHz
5. A Relay -
6. Light Dependent Resistor -
7. Pic LCD Module 16X2
8. Power Supply 5 V DC
Table no.4.1

14
Microcontroller PIC16f877A
The PIC microcontroller PIC16f877a is one of the most renowned
microcontrollers in the industry. This controller is very convenient to use,
the coding or programming of this controller is also easier. One of the main
advantages is that it can be write-erase as many times as possible because
it use FLASH memory technology. It has a total number of 40 pins and
there are 33 pins for input and output. PIC16F877A is used in many pic
microcontroller projects. PIC16F877A also have many application in
digital electronics circuits.

Fig.4.2

PIC16f877a finds its applications in a huge number of devices. It is used in

remote sensors, security and safety devices, home automation and in many
industrial instruments. An EEPROM is also featured in it which makes it
possible to store some of the information permanently like transmitter
codes and receiver frequencies and some other related data. The cost of
this controller is low and its handling is also easy. Its flexible and can be
used in areas where microcontrollers have never been used before as in
coprocessor applications and timer functions etc.

15
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MICROCONTROLLER

Fig.4.3

16
LM7805 voltage regulator IC

Fig.4.4
A variable regulated power supply, also called a variable bench power
supply, is one where you can continuously adjust the output voltage to your
requirements. Varying the output of the power supply is the recommended way to
test a project after having double checked parts placement against circuit drawings
and the parts placement guide. This type of regulation is ideal for having a simple
variable bench power supply. Actually this is quite important because one of the
first projects a hobbyist should undertake is the construction of a variable regulated
power supply. While a dedicated supply is quite handy e.g. 5V or 12V, it's much
handier to have a variable supply on hand, especially for testing. Most digital logic
circuits and processors need a 5 volt power supply. To use these parts we need to
build a regulated 5 volt source. Usually you start with an unregulated power supply
ranging from 9 volts to 24 volts DC (A 12 volt power supply is included with the

17
Beginner Kitand the Microcontroller Beginner Kit.). To make a 5 volt power
supply, we use a LM7805 voltage regulator IC .

Push Button For Reset

Fig.4.5

A push button has two legs in which one leg is connected to the MCLR
i.e. thefirst pin of the microcontroller and the other end is connected to
the VCC pin. This isused to reset the microcontroller.

In our project we use regulated 5V, 500mA power supply. 7805 three terminal
voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is
used to rectify the ac out put of secondary of 230/12V step down transformer.

18
RS 232IC

Fig.4.6
The rs232 is used for serial communication with the computer. In the coding
partthe 9600 baud rate is used for the serial communication. The pin
connection of the Rs232is given below
•1stand 3rdpin of the rs232 is connected to a capacitor of 0.1mf.
•2ndpin is connected to a capacitor of 0.47mf positive end and the other
end is connected to the ground.
•4th pin is connected to the positive end of the capacitor (0.47mf) and 5thpin
isconnected to the negative end of capacitor.
•6thp i n i s c o n n e c t e d t o t h e n e g a t i v e e n d o f t h e c a p a c i t o r a n d t h e
t h e r e n d i s connected to the ground.

19
•7, 8,9,10 pins are left unconnected.
•The 11thpin of the RS232 is connected to the 25thpin of the microcontroller.
•The 12thpin of the RS232 is connected to the 26thpin of the microcontroller.
•The 13thand 14thpins are the output pins which are connected to the
three pinconnector.

RELAY

Fig.4.7
A relay is an electrical switch that opens and closes under the control of another
electrical circuit. In the original form, the switch is operated by an electromagnet to
open or close one or many sets of contacts. It was invented by Joseph Henry in
1835. Because a relay is able to control an output circuit of higher power than the
input circuit, it can be considered to be, in a broad sense, a form of an electrical
amplifier.

16X2 Pic LCD Module.

20
 Fig.4.8

16×2 Character LCD is a very basic LCD module which is commonly

used in electronics projects and products. It contains 2 rows that can
display 16 characters. Each character is displayed using 5×8 or 5×10 dot
matrix. It can be easily interfaced with a microcontroller. In this tutorial
we will see how to write data to an LCD with PIC Microcontroller using
Hi-Tech C Compiler. Hi-Tech C has no built in LCD libraries so we
require the hardware knowledge of LCD to control it. Commonly used
LCD Displays uses HD44780 compliant controllers.

Applications

1. The system is built to provide remote access to street lights by accessing them
just through a server.

2. This power can be diverted to different areas under load shedding and attempt to
reduce the problem of load shedding can be achieved

21
Circuit diagram:

22
 Fig.4.9

Conclusion

23
For further development, a 2-way communication can be possible i.e. from server
to client and from client to server. Android/IOS based applications can be
developed for Smart Tabs/Mobile Phones making mobility of control possible. We
have put forth a technical solution for implementation of wireless intelligent smart
street lighting system. It provides a low cost infrastructure for managing municipal
street lighting system. A single point controlling of street lights. Energy
consumption can be controlled making it eco-friendly in usage.

24
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