© PHYSICS TEST © ‘Note: To simplify calculations, you may use g = 10 més’ in all problems Part A Directions: Each sot of lettered choices below refers to the numbered questions immediately following it. Select the one lettered choice that best answers each question, and then fill in the corresponding circle on the answer sheet, A choice may be used once, more than once, oF not at all in each set Questions 1-3 Questions 6-7 (A) Coefficient of linear expansion An automobile stars from rest and moves along. (B) Latent heat of fusion straight road, In the graph below, the distance x of (C) Latent heat of vaporization the automobile from its starting point is given as a (D) Specific heat function of time (E) Coefficient of thermal conductivity Select the quantity above that should be used in the caleulation of each of the following. : 0 1. The amount of heat required to change 100 grams 5 4 [ of ice at 0° C into water at 0° C Bl 4 e Time 2. The temperature at which a 0.5-cemtimeter gap between 1.0-meter concrete slabs in a sidewalk Silas oan (A) Interval A ill close up completely eats (C) Interval C 3. The time required for 100 joules of heat to pass (D) Interval D through a copper rod of length 2 meters and cross- (E) Interval E sectional area 0.5 square meter that connects two objects at different temperatures 6. During which interval isthe automobile stationary and farthest from its starting positior 5 relate to the following particles. Cl 7. During which interval does the speed of the automobile have its maximum value? (A) Electron (B) Nevtron (C) Proton (D) Neutrino (B) Photon 4. Which particle constitutes the nucleus of an ordinary hydrogen atom? 5. Which charged particle in the list is the least K-3XAC ord copying or rtme a GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGE otis pape ie 321© PHYSICS TEST — Continued ) Questions 8-9 relate to the field lines that are shown in the following diagrams. (B) SV Nea a eee Te © rete 8. Which diagram best represents the electric field produced by two oppositely charged particles? “~ 9. Which diagram best represents an electric field produced by oppositely charged parallel plates that are large and close together? Questions 10-12 relate to calculations or explanations based on the following principles. (A) Conservation of energy alone (B) Conservation of momentum alone (©) Conservation of both energy and momentum (D) Conservation of charge (E) Mechanical equivalence of heat 10, Used to calculate the velocity of two moving freight cars, after they couple and move together, given the initial masses and velocities of the freight ears 11, Used to calculate the speed of a lump of clay that hits and sticks toa block of wood suspended as a pendulum, given the height to which the block swings and the masses ofthe block and the clay 12, Used to calculate the speed of a pendulum bob at the bottom of its swing given the height from ‘which the bob is released from rest GO ONTOTHE NEXT PAGEirectio PHYSICS TEST — Continued © tach of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions. Select the one that is best in each case and then fill in the corresponding circle on the answer sheet. 13. A skydiver has been in the air long enough to be falling at a constant terminal speed of 50 meters per second. How much farther will the skydiver fall in the next 2,00 seconds? (A) 19.6m (B) 30m (©) 98m (D) 100m (6) 120m 14, Ittakes about 1.0 second for an object to fall 5 meters vertically. If this same object is thrown horizontally with a speed of 30 meters per second from a roof-top 5 meters above ground, about how many meters from the base of the building will the object and? (A) 30m (B) 302 m (©) 303 m (D) 60m. ©) 9m any par of is pape ihegt 2 a 15, Assume that every projectile fired by the toy cannon shown above experiences a constant net force F along the entire length of the barrel Ifa projectile of mass m leaves the barrel of the cannon with a speed v , at what speed will projectile of mass 2m leave the barrel? wy (B) ov (D) 20 (&) 4v GO ONTOTHE NEXT PAGE > 323© PHYSICS TEST — Continued ® Questions 16-17 The following diagram shows a permanent magnet, and a coil of copper wire that is part of a closed circuit, 16, What happens as the north pole of the magnet is, ‘moved at constant speed into the coil? (A) The magnet gains potential energy (B) The magnet attracts the coil. (C) The coil atracts the magnet. (D) A eurrent flows in the coil, producing a magnetic field (E) The magnet loses kinetic energy. 17, Which of the following would be different if the ‘magnet were tumed around so the south pole moved into the coil at the same speed as before? (A) The direction of the forces on the magnet (B) The direction of the energy transfer (C) The direction of the current in the coil (D) The magnitude of the current in the coil CE) The sign of the charges moving in the coil ge eg 18, An electric current in a copper wire is the result of the motion of which of the following? (A) Copper atoms (B) Copper oxide molecules, (C) Protons (D) Electrons ©) Neutrons 19, Eyeglasses, magnifying glasses, and optical microscopes depend for their operation primarily fon the phenomenon of (A) reflection (B) refraction (©) interference (D) dispersion (©) diffraction [ 19 ed i 20 MW glgv 40! 60, 20. In the circuit shown above, the current through the battery will be greatest when the switches are in which of the following positions? (A) Land I (B) Land IV (©) Mand W (D) Hand IV (E) The curent will be the same regardless of how the switches are positioned. GO ONTOTHE NEXT PAGE >® Questions 21-23 ‘The diagram above shows & pendulum that swings to.amaximum height h above its lowest point ¥. The mass of the pendulum bob is 0.05 kilogram. At point ¥, the bob has a speed of 3.0 meters per second. 21, The momentum of the pendulum bob as it passes through point Y is most nearly (A) 0.05 kgemvs (B) 0.15 kg-mis (C) 0.23 kg-mvs (D) 0.45 ke-mvs ©) 050 kg-mis 22, The height A is most nearly (A) 0.15 m (B) 030m (©) 045 m (D) 0.60 m (©) 0.90 m 23, Ifthe potential energy of the pendulum bob is zero at point ¥, the total energy (kinetic plus potential) of the pendulum bob is most nearly (A) 0.055 (B) 0.155 (©) 0.233 (D) 0451 (BE) 0503 PHYSICS TEST — Continued Questions 24-25 ‘Two masses m, and m are hung from the ceiling bby two ropes as shown above. The tension in the upper rope is T and the tension in the lower rope Ty 24. Which ofthe following is correct?” (A) 7; is always greater than T, ) 7, is always less than T, (©) 7, isalways equal to T,. (D) 7, is greater than 7, only if m, is greater than my (E) 1, is greater than T, only if m, is greater than m, Which of the following best represents the forces acting on m? a 47 @) mg nye z me ) THD me met mag GO ONTOTHE NEXT PAGE > 3258© 26. A boat that can move at § kilometers per hour in still water is crossing a tiver whose current is 2 kilometers per hour. The problem is to steer the boat so that it will land directly across the river from where it started. The solution to the problem is best represented by which of the following sketches in which the river is flowing to the right? (B) oO Vp o Wi () One harmonic of a note produced by a flute has a wavelength and an associated frequency If the wavelength of another harmonic of this note is 2A, whats its associated frequency? 1 wir PHYSICS TEST — Continued 28. Sound waves can exhibit which of the following wave properties? 1. Interference IL Diffraction IIL Refraction (A) Lonly (B) only (©) Land Monty (D) Wand II only () 1,1, and 1 Unpolarized “AN ¢ 29, Polarizing sheets X and Y shown above are oriented so that none of the unpolarized light shining on X is transmitted through Y. Axis £ is perpendicular to both sheets. Which of the following will result in the transmission of light through Y? (A) Rotation of ¥ by 90° about axis € (B) Rotation of ¥ by 180° about axis £ (C) Rotation of ¥ by 360° about axis & (D) Placement of a third polarizer between X and Y, with its polarizing axis oriented the same way as X (E) Placement of a third polarizer between X and Y, with its polarizing axis oriented the same way as ¥ GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGEPHYSICS TES’ Questions 30-32 =30f—+ En om bol b4 { 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 Time (s) ‘An automobile with a mass of 1.5 x 10* kilograms. is traveling on a flat, level road, The above graph shows the automobile’s speed as a function of time. 30, The automobile’s acceleration at the end of 60 seconds is (A) 0.25 mis? @) 25 mi? (©) 4mi? (D) 15 m/s? (B) 60. mis? 31. The constant braking force applied to stop the caris (A) LN (®) SON (©) 15x10°N () 45x 10°N ® 14x105N 32. The speed of the automobile 10 s brakes are applied is A) Lmis (B) 10 mis (©) 15 mis (D) 20 mis (E) 30 mis Usaha coping oy eure a] eo age oa Continued 33. An object of mass m is attached to a veri ‘mounted spring that has spring constant &. The object is displaced from its equilibrium position and allowed to oscillate. Assume that ar resistance and friction are negligible. To increase the frequency of the motion, one could (A) inerease the amplitude of the motion (B) change to a spring with a greater spring constant (C) mount the spring horizontally (D) attach an object of greater mass (E) attach an object of the same mass but greater density Ld 34, Two blocks of identical mass are connected by a light string as shown above. The surface is frictionless and the pulley is massless and frictionless. The acceleration of the two-block system is most nearly (A) 20 mis? (B) 15 mis? © 10s? (D) Sms? (©) 25ms? (GO ONTOTHE NEXT PAGE > 327© PHYSICS TEST — Continued © Consider the following four forces involving an ‘object at rest on a tabletop. 1. The gravitational force on the object due to the Earth 1. The gravitational force on the Earth due to the object IML The force on the tabletop due to the object, IV. The force on the object due to the tabletop Which, if any, of these forces are action-reaction pairs in accordance with Newton's third law? (A) Pair Tand I only (B) Pair I and IV only (C) Pair I and 1, and pair 1M and IV (D) Pair I and IV, and pair Il and IIL (E) There are no action-reaction pairs among these forces. Questions 36-37 A heat engine operates between two reservoirs, one at a temperature of 300 K and the other at 200 K. In ‘one cycle, the engine absorbs 600 joules of heat and does 150 joules of work, 36. How much heat is exhausted by the engine in one cycle? (A) 1505 (B) 4507 (C) 5505 (D) 6001 (E) 7501 37. The (A) 75% (B) 67% (©) 50% (D) 33% (E) 25% ‘ual efficiency of the engine is most nearly » 328 yy 0 38. A magnet, whose poles are shown in the figure above, moves with velocity ¥ toward a small object of charge Q initially at rest. Which of the following is a correct statement about the force on the object due to the magnet as the object initially encounters the field? (A) Itis zero. (B) Itis perpendicular to the page. (C) Itis directed parallel to the magnetic field. (D) Its in the same direction as v. (E) Itis in the direction opposite to ¥. GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGEio x x 5S 3m x x x" x Tin B= 6 teslas 39, A loop of wire shaped into a triangle, shown above, carries a current of 2 amperes in a clockwise direc- tion, A magnetic field of 6 teslas is directed into the paper. What are the magnitude and direction of the force applied by the magnetic field to the S-meter edge of the triangle? Magnitude Direction (A) ON ~ (B) ON | © 48N \ ©) 48N \ (&) 36N \ 40. Iftwo electrically charged particles repel each other with forces of equal magnitude, then the charges must (A) have different magnitudes (B) have the same magnitude (©) have different signs (D) have the same sign ©) be separated by unit distance PHYSICS TEST — Continued aL 42, 43, ® _ Q a cou Ly Q i A battery and three identical lightbulbs are con- nected as shown in the figure above. With the switch S closed, the brightness of each lightbulb is noted. When switch $ is opened, the brightness ‘of which of the lightbulbs will change? (A) Lonly (B) IM only (©) Land Il only (D) Mand IM only (©) 1,11, and All of the following scientists made significant contributions tothe field of nuclear physics EXCEPT (A) Galileo () Rutherford (©) Becquerel ) Catie ©) Fermi Which of the following distinguishes an atom of one isotope of an element from an atom of a different isotope of the same element?” (A) The addition or loss of a beta particle (B) The addition or loss of an alpha particle (©) The amount of nuclear charge (D) The number of orbital electrons (E) The amount of nuclear mass (GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGE 329© PHYSICS TEST — Continued 44, A hydrogen atom, originally in its ground state, absorbs a photon and goes into an excited state, The atom will then most likely (A) be ionized (B) emit a photon (C) emit an electron (D) always be in that excited state (E) undergo nuclear fission 45. A worker hits a metal pipe with a hammer. The ratio of the intensity of loudness as heard by people standing 100 meters away from the worker to the intensity as heard by people standing 200 meters away from the worker is (A) 4 (B) 2:4 © EL (D) 12 ® is Incident \ | air Ray \I A 46. Aight ray is incident from air upon a semicircular piece of glass as shown above. Which of the labeled rays best represents the subsequent path of the light? WA (B) B oc (D) D (E) E ([Traatorsed coming arreue ] ny ar of is Bge fea 9330 ® 47. Huygens’ principle states that every point on a ‘wave front is the source of a new wave front. To which of the following types of waves does Huygens’ principle apply? 1, Water waves IL Sound waves IIL Electromagnetic waves (A) Tonly «B) only (©) Monly (D) I and If! only © 1, Tang 48. When coal bums, it produces heat in the amount of 2.5 x 10* joules per gram, About 4,000 joules of heat is required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree. The amount of coal required to heat 5 kilograms of water from 10°C to 60°C is most nearly (A) 10 grams (B) 40 grams (©) 100 grams (D) 400 grams (E) 1,600 grams 49, When a person touches the metal part of a bicycle handlebar on a cold day, the metal seems much colder than the plastic handgrip, even though both are atthe same temperature. This phenomenon is © PHYSICS TEST — Continued 50. An object of mass m rests on a horizontal ~o.. Satellite fictionless surface. A force F making an angle 6 7) with the horizontal is then applied to the object to - rove it along the surface. The acceleration of the aX object is \ we ws Fcosd 53. A satelite moves ina circular orbit of radius (c) Foose around a planet of mass M and radius R. as shown above, The speed ofthe satellite would be wo fame ee roi eae ae following ways? Mu £ (A) Decreased No change (B) Decreased Increased Questions 51-52 (©) Nochange No change (D) Nochange Increased A person is standing on a scale tat is located on (E) Increased No change a platform at the surface of Earth The platform is supported by a machine that can move the platform ‘54, A circuit consists of a battery of voltage V and a up and down at various accelerations while keeping it resisir of resistance R. The current through the level. circuit is 1. Ifthe battery is changed to one of voltage 2V and the resistor to one with resistance 51. At what acceleration ofthe platform does the AR, the current through the circuit is machine have to exert the LEAST force on the (war platform? (A) Zero oe (B) 4.9 m/s? down @r (C) 9.8 mis? up ws (D) 9.8 m/s? down &) 19.6 mis? up et 52, If the person’s weight has apparently doubled according to the reading on the scale, what is the acceleration ofthe platform? (A) About 9.8 m/s? up (B) About 9.8 m/s* down (C) About 19.6 m/s* up ay” (D) About 19.6 m/s? down we (E) It cannot be determined without knowing the ‘mass of the person. (GO ONTOTHE NEXT PAGE 331)© PHYSICS TEST — Continued 55. An electrically charged, insulated metal rod is observed to attract a neutral pith ball and, after contact is made, to repel the ball. Which of the following can be concluded about the rod? (A) The rod had a positive charge before contact, and a negative charge after contact (B) The rod had a negative charge before contact, and a positive charge after contact. (C) The rod’s charge before and after contact had the same sign. (D) The rod had a charge before contact, but no charge after contact. (E) The rod had less charge before contact than after contact. 4q ® a 1 6em 56, Two positive charges of magnitudes q and 4g are 6 centimeters apart as shown above. Ifthe electtc field is zero ata point P (not shown) located on the line segment joining the charges, what is the distance of point P from the charge of magnitude q ? (A) Lom (B) 2cm (©) 3em (D) 4em (©) Sem 57. A beam of light traveling through the air strikes the surface of a material in which the speed of light is different from what itis in the air. Which of the following is true of the light as it passes into the new medium? (A) The frequeney changes but the wavelength stays the same. (B) The wavelength changes but the frequency stays the same. (©) Neither the frequency nor the wavelength change. (D) Both the frequency and the wavelength change. ) Since the speed of light is a universal constant, the speed in the new material is the same as it was in air. 58. A convex lens is used as a magnifier when a real object O is placed inside the focus F, as shown above. The image produced is (A) real and inverted (B) real and upright (©) viral and inverted (D) virtual and upright (E) none of the above 59. The separation of white light into colors by a alass prism is a result of (A) interference (B) diffraction (C) total internal reflection (D) variation of absorption with wavelength (E) variation of index of refraction with frequency 60. An object with a mass of 5 kilograms is placed at rest on an imaginary planet where the gravitational field is 4 newtons per kilogram. One can be certain that the object on this planet, as compared to the object when itis on Earth, will (A) require a greater force to accelerate it on a horizontal surface at 1 m/s? (B) have less weight (C) have less mass (D) have greater mass (E) have greater acceleration during free fall GO ONTOTHE NEXT PAGE >61. A car travels around a circular track that has a radius of | kilometer. Ifthe car completes 3 trips around the track in 5 minutes, which ofthe follow- ing expressions gives the average speed of the car in kilometers per hour? (3)(22)(1) (®) *S(760) (B) Sued one (3)22)() 5(60) (na) GND) Gx) 5(1/60) © ©) © -p— —<([ ov 62. Two identical, human-looking robots are standing and facing forward in separate spaceships. Both ships are moving at 0.8c but are traveling in ‘opposite directions, as shown above. If a person (on the spaceship with robot A could make mea- surements on both robots, which of the following ‘would the person observe to be different? (A) The robots’ heights (B) The length ofthe robots feet from toe to heel (C) The width of the robots’ faces (D) The length of the robots’ legs (E) The width of the robots’ shoulders [Danaea capping rune ge a haga PHYSICS TEST — Continued ® 63. The experimental study of the photoelectric effect and its analysis by Einstein confirmed the assumption of the (A) photon aspect of fight (B) crystal structure of materials (C) discrete charge on the electron (D) energy-mass relationship of special relativity (E) uncertainty principle of position and momentum 64. The radius of the first Bohr orbit of an electron in ‘a hydrogen atom is about 10-! meter. ‘The radius of the nucleus is about 107 meter, If'a model of the hydrogen atom were built with the diameter of the electron orbit equal to the width of a classroom (about 10 meters), which of the following would most closely represent the size of the nucleus? (A) The chair you are sitting in (B) Your head (C) The eraser on the end of a new pencil (D) The point of a ball point pen (E) A red blood cell 65. Which of the following is true of any material in 1 superconducting state that carries a current? (A) It has a lage internal magnetic field (B) Ithas no external magnetic field. (©) Ithas no resistance. (D) It has a temperature of absolute zero, E) Ithas a very high temperature. (GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGE 333)© PHYSICS TEST — Continued ® 66. The graphs below represent velocity as a function of time 1 for five different particles, each moving along a straight line. Which particle experiences the greatest displacement between 1= 0 and 1=1 second? (8) Vai EN ‘ ——! ) (Yin ‘a oO t (8), 4 (©) Velocity (m/s) ©) Yeocty (ut) 1 oa by . (E) Velocity (m/s) 1 a 3) 67. The density of a certain material is 3 grams per cubic centimeter. What is the density of the ‘material expressed in kilograms per cubic meter? (A) 03 kg/m! (B)_3kg/m? . (©) 30kg/m? ) 300kg/m? (E) 3,000 kg/m? 68, A system consists of two pucks moving without, friction on a horizontal surface. Ifthe pucks collide elastically, properties of the system that are the same before and after the collision include which of the following? 1. Momentum IL. Kinetic energy UI. Total energy (A) Lonly (B) only (© Land Il only (D) Hand Ml only (&) 1,11, and ML 69, Ittakes an amount of work W to stretch a spring a distance x beyond its natural length. If the spring obeys Hooke’s law, how much work is required to stretch the spring a distance 2r beyond its natural length? a Ww (B) aw © 3W (D) aw ©) ow 70. A child on a swing can greatly increase the amplitude of the swing’s motion by “pumping” at the natural frequency of the swing. This is an example of which of the following? (A) Conservation of momentum (B) Newton's first law of motion (©) Newton's third law of motion (D) Resonance (E) Interference GO ONTOTHE NEXT PAGE >® PHYSICS TEST — Continued Peee see SF F, Fe 71. A negatively charged oil drop is maintained at rest. between charged parallel plates, as shown above, by balancing the downward gravitational force F, on the drop with an upward clectie force F,. If the mass of the oil drop is 1x 10 kilogram and the electric field strength between the plates is 10 newtons per coulomb, then the charge on the oil drop is most nearly (A) 1x 10°C (B) 1x10 © 1x10 @) 1x 10°C ® ix asain coping oy ruse a] ny pet ofthis ape eat 72. An object 0 is ‘concave mirror, as shown in the diagram above. As the object is moved away from the mirror, the image will do which of the following? (A) Decrease in size and move closer to the mirror. (B) Decrease in size and move farther from the mirror. (© Increase in size and move closer to the (D) Increase in size and move farther from the mirror ) Icannot be determined without knowing the exact focal length, GO ONTOTHE NEXT PAGE 3359© PHYSICS TEST — Continued 73. Which of the following occurs when light is R reflected from a smooth flat glass surface, as Seaae 75, Four resistors of equal resistance R are connected ‘as shown above, What is the total resistance (A) The light is somewhat intensified. between points X and ¥? (B) The light is somewhat polarized, R (C) The light is focused. we (D) The velocity of the light is reduced. (E) The color of the light is shifted toward the ws blue end of the spectrum. 2 OR : ) 2R © aR ne 74, Light of wavelength 2. is incident from the left on a pai of narrow sits, as shown above. If point P isa bright spot (maximum intensity) on a distant sereen, one can be certain thatthe difference between distances x and y is (A) zero. (B) 2/2 (©) nA, where 1 is an integer (©) (n-4) wt can ies (, @ (n= })A, where n isan integer STOP If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this test only. Do not turn to any other test in this book. Trastosad copying oc use ol sry pero tis page eos 9336‘The Official Study Guide for All SAT Subject Tests Table A | ‘Answers to the Subject Test in Physics, Form K-3XAC, and Percentage of Students Answering Each Question Correctly Percentage Benes Petoontage | Choe ees coe : ‘Answer a ce 3 8 pooramaram>morelmece tL | jo> ie Table A continued on next page 5338Physics Table A continued from previous page err erin oe Peeetercy areas a parr of Student Correct Cod id cn Em aicers “These percentages are based on an analysis of the answer sheets ofa representative sample of 2,410 students who took ths test in January 2003, and whose mesn score was 628. They may be used as an indication ofthe relative difficulty ofa particular question, Each percentage may also be used to predict the likelihood that atypical SAT Subject Test in Physics candidate will answer that question correctly on this edition ofthe test.