12 rkaFutu; gzpfs;
1. jpUQhdrk;ge;ju;
Ntjnewp jioj;Njhq;f kpFirtj; Jiw tpsq;fg;
G+j guk; g iunghypag; Gdpjtha; kyu; e ; j Oj
rPjts taw;Gfypj; jpUQhd rk;ge;ju;
ghjkyu; jiyf; nfhz;L jpUj;njhz;L guTthk;.
vd;W jpUQhdrk;ge;juJ nraw;fupa nray;fis Nrf;fpohu; jdJ
ngupa Guhzj;jpy; tpgupf;fpd;whu;. fp.gp 7Mk; E}w;whz;by; tho;ej ; tuhff;
fUjg;gLk; Qhdrk;ge;ju; mf;fhyr; irt rka tsu;rr ; pf;Fg; ngupJk;
gq;fhw;wp cs;shu;.
m. jpUQhdrk; g e; j uJ irtrkag; g zpfs;
ghz;ba ehl;bd; murdhfpa $d; ghz;bad; rkz rkaj;ijj;
jOtpdhd;.; kf;fSk; mtidg; gpd;gw;wpr; rkz rkaj;ijj; jOtpdu;.
mjdhy; ghz;ba kd;ddpd; kidtp kq;ifau;ff ; urpahUk; mikr;ruhd
Fyr; r piwahUk; tUe; j pdu; . Qhdrk; g e; j Uf; F j; jkJ epiyiaj;
njupag;gLj;jpdu;. vdNt mtu;fs; ,UtUk; tuNtw;f Qhdrk;ge;ju;
ghz;ba ehl;Lf;F te;J jpUklj;jpy; jq;fp ,Ue;jhu;. mtuJ tUifia
mwpe;j rkzu;fs; klj;Jf;Fj; jP itj;jdu;. mj;ja P py; epd;Wk; jg;gpa
Qhdrk;ge;ju; mj;jifa nfhbatu;fs; thOk; ehl;il MSk; Nte;jdpd;
Fw;wk; jhd; nfhbaJ vdf; $wp “nra;aNd jpUMytha; Nktpa
IaNd ......” vd;w gjpfj;jpidg; ghbdhu;. ghz;ba murDf;F ntg;GNeha;
Vw;gl;lJ. rkzu;fs; ghz;badpd; ntg;GNeha; ePff ; g; gythW Kad;W
gadpd; w p epd; w du; . ghz; b a kd; d d; jdJ jtiw czu; e ; j hd; .
Qhdrk;ge;ju; “ke;ke;jpukhtJ ePW…..” vd;w gjpfj;ijg; ghb kd;ddpd;
ntg;G Nehia ePff ; pdhu;. ghz;bkhNjtpapd; ew;gz;Gfisf; fz;L tpae;j
kq; i fau; f urp tstu; Nfhd; ghit
Qhdrk; g e; j u; “kq; ghit….. ” kw; W k;
khdpNdu;tpop khjuha;;…” vd;w gjpfq;fisg; ghb kq;ifau;ff
“khdpNdu; ; urpahupd;
gzpfisg; Nghw;wpdhu;. mt;thW ghz;ba kd;dd; kPzL ; k; irt rkaj;ijj;
jOtpaikahy; ghz;ba ehL KOtJk; kPzL ; k; irtrkaj;ijj; jOt
jpUQhdrk;ge;jNu toptFj;jhu;.
irt newp juk; 11 71 ,ytr ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;F
jpUQhdrk;ge;juJ rkag;gzpfSs; Kf;fpakhdJ rkzu;fis thjpy;
ntd; W irt rkaNk NkyhdJ vd ep&gpj; j ikahFk; . mtu;
rkzu;fNshL mdy;thjk; nra;Ak; nghUl;L Nghfkhu;j;j
G+z;Kiyahs;…. vd;w gjpfk; vOjg;gl;l Vl;ilj; jPapy; ,l;L jspups
tsnuhsp;.... vDk; gjpfj;ijg; ghbdhu;. mg;NghJ rkzu;fsJ VL
jPapy; vupe;J rhk;gyhf ,tuJ VL vupahky; fhzg;gl;lJ. mJ fz;l
rkzu;fs; Gdy;thjj;jpw;F tUkhW rk;ge;jiu mioj;jdu;. tho;f
me;jzu; thdtu; Mdpdk;… vd;w jpUg;ghRuk; vOjpa Vl;il itif
Mw;wpy; Qhdrk;ge;ju; tpl;lhu;. VL ePupy; vjpu;jJ
; r; nrd;W fiu VwpaJ.
rkzu;fsJ mj;jp ehj;jp..... vDk; thrfKila VL ePuiyfshy;
mbf;fg;gl;L rPuF; iye;jJ.
Nte;jDk; Xq;Ff...
“Nte; f...” vd;W vOjpapUe;jikapd; fhuzkhfTk;>
ghz;ba kd;ddJ KJFf; $d; epkpue ; j
; J. kd;ddJ KJF $d; epkpue
; j
; J
Nghd;W ghz;ba ehl;by; Fd;wpa irtk; Qhdrk;ge;juJ mj;jifa
gzpfs; %yk; kPzL; k; jiyepkpu;ej
; J.
Mya topghl;bd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij czu;jj ; Qhdrk;ge;ju; Myaq;fs;
NjhWk; ahj;jpiu Nkw;nfhz;L mt;thyaq;fspy; vOe;jUspapUf;Fk;
,iwtdJk; ,iwtpapdJk; rpwg;Gf;fisj; Njthug; gjpfq;fs; %yk;
ntspg; g Lj; j pdhu; . mjdhy; Myaq; f Sf; F mbatu; f s; nry; y j;
jiyg;gl;ldu;.
Ntjhuzpaj; j py; kiwfshy; G+l; l g; g l; L > mbatu; f s; topgl
KbahjpUe;j Myaj;jpd; fjit ehTf;furu; jpwf;Fk; gb ghl Qhdrk;ge;ju;
rJuk; kiw jhd;Jjp
“rJuk; jp…..” vd;w gjpfk; ghbf; fjit %l toptFj;jhu;.
mjd; %yk; Mya topghl;bd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; Gydhfpd;wJ. Qhdrk;ge;ju;
rkzu;fis thjpy; ntd;W irt rka cz;ikfis ep&gpj;jJ Nghd;W
ngsj; j u; f isAk; thjpy; ntd; W mtu; f isr; irtu; f shf; f pr;
irtrkaj;jpid cau;tilar; nra;jhu;. “Gj;jee;jp” vd;w ngsj;j rkaj;
jiytid “Gj; Gj;ju; rkz; fOf;ifahu;” vDk; gjpfj;ij ghb mtid
thjpy; ntd;W mtdJ jiyapy; ,b tpOe;J ,we;j gpd;du; “rhup
Gj;jd;” jiyikapy; kPzL ; k; thjpl te;j ngsj;ju;fis thjpy; ntd;W
mtu;fisr; irtu;fshf khw;wpdhu;.
Qhdrk;ge;ju; ghba Njthuq;fspd; njhif 14000 vd ek;gpahz;lhu;
ek; g p $wpAs; s hu; . MapDk; ekf; F f; fpilj; J s; s Njthuq; f spd;
vz;zpfi ; f 4145 MFk;. ,tw;Ws; Kjyhk; jpUKiwapy; 136 gjpfq;fSk;>
,uz;lhk; jpUKiwapy; 122 gjpfq;fSk;> %d;whk; jpUKiwapy; 125
gjpfq;fSkhf nkhj;jk; 383 gjpfq;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.
irt newp juk; 11 72 ,ytr ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;F
M. jpUQhdrk;ge;juJ r%fg;gzpfs;
Qhdrk;ge;ju; irt rkag; gzpfis Mw;wpr; irtj;jpid cau;tilar;
nra;jJ Nghd;W irt rka r%fg; gzpfis Nkw;nfhz;L irt
rkaj;jpid Nky;epiyg;gLj;jpajhf mtuJ tho;fi ; f tuyhW %yk;
mwpfpd;Nwhk;. Nrho ehl;bNy nfhy;yp kotd; vd;w murdJ kfs;
Jzptsu; jpq; f s; …. ”vd; w
typg; G Nehapdhy; mtjpAw; w NghJ “Jzptsu;
gjpfj;jpidg; ghb mtsJ Nehiaf; Fzg;gLj;jpdhu;. mJ Nghy;
Qhdrk;ge;ju; nfhbkhlr;nrq;Fd;W}Uf;F tUif je;j NghJ mq;F
gdpapd; nfhLikahy; tUe;jpf;nfhz;L ,Ue;j kf;fSf;fhf ,uq;fp
mt;tpidf;F ,t;tpid
“mt; pid…” vd;w gjpfj;jpidg; ghb ,iw mUshy;
mtu;fsJ Jd;gj;ij ePff ; j; jpUQhdrk;ge;ju; toptFj;jhu;.
jpUkUfy; vd;w ,lj;jpw;F tzpfDk; mtdJ fhjypAk; tUk;NghJ
tzpfd; ghk;gpdhy; fbAz;L ,we;jhd;. jdJ fhjyidg; gpupe;J jdpj;J
epd;W tUe;Jfpd;w fhjypapd; Gyk;giyf; fz;L Qhdrk;ge;ju; ,uq;fpdhu;.
rilahnaDkhy;…....” vDk; gjpfj;ijg; ghb tzpfid capu;gg
“rilahnaDkhy; ; pj;J
mtu;fspUtUf;Fk; jpUkzk; elf;f MrPut ; jpj;jhu;.
jpUtPopkpoiyapy; kioapd;ikahy; mtu;fsJ gQ;rj;ijf; fz;L
kdk; tUe;jpa Qhdrk;ge;ju; “thrpthrp
jP u Nt fhR ey; F tP u ; …..
..” vd; w
gjpfj;jpidg; ghbdhu;.
,iwtdplj;jpy; nghw;fhR ngw;W
kf;fsJ grp jPu czT toq;fpdhu;.
rpyehl;fspy; kio nghopa gQ;rk;
jPu;e;jJ.
mJ Nghd;W jpUNthj;J}upy;
jpUj;njhz;lu; vd;Dk; mbahu; el;l
gidfs; fha;f;fhJ fhzg;gl;ld.
G+k;ghitia capu;g;gpj;jy; mJfz;l rkzu;fs; “Mz; Mz;gidfs;
vq; N fDk; fha; g ; g Jz; l h...
h...” vd Vsdk; nra; j ikahy; tUe; j pa
jpUj;njhz;lupd; Ntz;LNfhSf;F ,zq;fp rk;ge;ju; “G+j; G+j;Nju;ej
; had
had……”
vdj; njhlq;Fk; gjpfj;jpidg; ghb Mz; gidfnsy;yhk; ngz; gidfshf
khwpf; fha;jJ ; f; FYq;f top nra;jhu;.
jpUikyhg;G+Uf;Fr; nrd;w Qhdrk;ge;ju; mq;F rptNerd; vd;Dk;
mbatu; xUtu; jdJ kfshfpa G+k;ghit vd;gts; ghk;G jPz;b
,we;jikahy; kpfTk; tUe;jp epd;whu;. mtuJ Jaiu ePfF
; k; nghUl;L
irt newp juk; 11 73 ,ytr ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;F
ghidapy; ,lg;gl;l G+k;ghitapd; vYk;GfspypUe;J mtis capu;gg
; pf;f
kl;bl;l Gd;idaq; fhdy; klkapiy
“kl; klkapiy…” vd;w gjpfj;jpidg; ghbdhu;.
G+k;ghit mofpa ngz;zhf capu; ngw;W vOe;jhs;.
Qhdrk;ge;juJ r%fg; gzpfSs; gpujhdkhdJ mtu; njhz;lu;
FyNk njhOFyk; vd;gjw;fika midj;J mbatu;fsplj;Jk; md;G
nfhz;L xOfpaikNa MFk;. jpUePyef;f ehadhu; vDk; me;jzu;
tPlb
; y; Qhdrk;ge;jUk; ghzu; tFg;igr;Nru;ej
; jpUePyfz;lUk; mtuJ
kidtp kjq;f#shkzpAk; jq;fpdu;. rk;ge;juJ r%frkur Nehf;Fk;>
Ngjq;fnsitAk; nfhs;shj csg;ghq;Fk;> gf;jpyapg;gpdhy; midtUk;
rptdbahu; f Ns vd; D k; njspTk; rk; g e; j uJ r%f Nehf; f hf
mikag;ngw;wik Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
2. jpUehTf;furu;
jiynfhs; eQ;rKjhf tpisANk
joy; nfhs; ePW jlhfk jhFNk
nfhiy nra; Mid Fdpe;J gzpANk
Nfhsuhtpd; nfhLtplk; jPUNk
fiynfhs; Ntj tdg;gjp jd;dpNy
fjT jhDq; fLfj; jpwf;FNk
miynfhs; thupapy; fy;Yk; kpjf;FNk
mg;gu; nrg;Gk; mUe;jkp;og
; ; ghlNy.
vd;W ehTf;furuJ mw;Gjq;fis gok; ghly; xd;W $Wfpd;wJ.
Qhdrk;ge;juJ rk fhyj;jpy; tho;ej; tuhff; fUjg;gLk; ehTf;furUk;
irtrka tsu;rr ; pf;fhf Mw;wpa gyjug;gl;l gzpfs; rp;wg;ghdit.
m. jpUehTf;furuJ irtrkag; gzpfs;
ehTf;furuJ irtrkag; gzpfSs; Kjd;ikahdJ Mya topghl;Lf;F
Kjd;ik mspj;jikahFk;. gioahiwia mLj;Js;s tljsp vd;Dk;
,lj;jpy; tpsq;fpa rpthyaj;ij rkzu;fs; rkzg;gs;spahf khw;wpaNjhL
mq;Fs;s rptypqf ; j;ijAk; kiwj;J itj;jdu;. mjid mwpej ; ehTf;furu;
kdk; tUe;jp ,iwtidj; Jjpj;jhu;. ,iwtd; Nrhokd;ddJ fdtpNy
Njhd;wpj; jk;ik ntspgg; Lj;JkhW fl;lisapll ; hu;. kWehs; Nrho kd;dd;
tljspfF; r; nrd;W rkzg;gs;spahf khw;wg;gl;l Myaj;ijg; GdUj;jhuzk;
irt newp juk; 11 74 ,ytr ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;F
nra;J kiwj;J itj;jpUe;j rptypq;fj;ijAk; ntspg;gLj;jp topgl
toptFj;jhd;.
mjidg; Nghd;W jpUkiwf;fhl;by; kiwfshy; G+l;lg;gl;bUe;j
rpthyaf; fjtpidj; jpwe;J> mbahu;fs; topghL nra;tjw;F toptFj;jhu;.
ehTf;furu; Mya topghl;bid Kjd;ikg;gLj;jpaJ Nghd;W Myaq;fisj;
J}a;ikahfg; Ngz Ntz;Lk; vd;gjpYk; Kd;khjpupahf tho;eJ ; fhl;bdhu;.
cothug;gil
ifapy; “cothug; il”ia itj;Jf;nfhz;L> nry;fpd;w Myaq;fspd;
tP j pfspy; fhzg; g Lk; Gw; f is cothuj; j pd; %yk; nrJf; f p
tPjpfisj;J}a;ikg;gLj;jpdhu;. jpUr;rf;jpKw;wk;> jpUg;GfY}u; Kjyhd
Myaq;fspy; cothug;gzp Gupe;jikahy; ehTf;furiu
cothug;gilahsp vd;Wk; njhz;Lf;F mg;guu;; vdTQ; rpwg;gpj;Jf;
$wpdu;.
vd; fld; gzp nra;J
fplg;gNj> jd;fld; mbNaidAe;
jhq;Fjy; vdf; $wp Myaq;fs;
NjhWk; rupiaj; njhz; l hw; w pa
ehTf;furu; cyfg;gw;ww;w epiyapy;
epd;Nw nraw;gl;lhu;. G+k;Gfhupy;
cothuj;njhz;L nra;Ak; nghOJ
jd;Kd;Nd njd;gl;l nghd;idAk;
kzpfisAk; fw; f shf vz; z p
xJf;fpaNjhL> jd;Kd;Nd Njhd;wp
eldkhba NjtNyhf
muk;igau;fsJ mofpy; kaq;fhJ cWjpAld; epd;W “ngha; ngha;khag;
ngUq;flypw; Gyk;gh epd;w …….. ” vd;w gjpfj;jpidg; ghbdhu;.
mtu;fs; mtiuj; njhOJ mfd;wdu;.
ehTf;furuJ Njthuq;fs; jpUtpUj;jk;> jpUj;jhz;lfk
fk; Mfpa ghly;
tiffisr; Nru;ej ; itahFk;. ,tu; ghba Njthuq;fspy; 3066 ghly;fNs
,d;W ekf;Ff; fpilj;Js;sd. ehd;fhk; jpUKiwapy; 113 gjpfq;fSk;>
Ie; j hk; jpUKiwapy; 100 gjpfq; f Sk; > Mwhk; jpUKiwapy; 99
gjpfq; f Skhf 312 gjpfq; f is ,tu; mUspAs; s hu; . mj; j ifa
mg;gubfsJ Njthug; ghly;fspy; foptpuf;f czu;Nt mjpfkhff;
fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
irt newp juk; 11 75 ,ytr ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;F
M. jpUehTf; f urupd; r%fg; g zpfs; .
jpUehTf;furu; irtrka tsu;rr; papd; nghUl;L r%fg;gzpfs; gy
Mw;wpaij mtu;jk; tuyhw;wpD}lhf mwpa Kbfpd;wJ. jpUtPopkpoiyapy;
grpg; gpzpahy; tUe;jpa kf;fSf;fhf ,iwtdplk; gbf;fhR ngw;W
mtu;fsJ grpg;gpzpiag; Nghf;fpdhu;.
jpq;fÙupy; ghk;gpdhy; fbAz;L ,we;j mg;G+jpabfsJ kfdhfpa
%j;j jpUehTf;fuR vd;Dk; rpWtid “xd; xd;W nfhyhktu; rpe;ij j…..”
vd; w gjpfj; j pidg; g hb capu; g ; g pj; j hu; . mj; N jhL thfP r u; mKJ
nra;ahjpUe;jijf; fz;L mg;G+jpabfs; jsu;nta;jpajdhy; mtuJ kdj;
jsu;rr
; pia ePfF nrhd;khiy
; k; nghUl;L “nrhd; hiy” vdj;njhlq;Fk; gjpfj;ijg;ghb
moNyhk; G kg; G +jp
mjpy; “moNyhk; FQ; r pg; G+tha; epd; w Nrtbaha; …”
vd;W mg;G+jpabfisAk; Gfo;eJ ; s;shu;.
3. Re;ju%u;jj
; p ehadhu;
Nkhfk; mWj;jpbd; ehk; Kj;jp nfhLg;gnjd
Mfkq;fs; nrhd;d mtu;jk;ikj; - Njhifau;ghy;
J}jhfg; NghftpLk; td; n jhz; l d; njhz; L jid
Vjhfr; nrhy; N t dpahd; .
vd;W Re;ju%u;jj
; p ehadhuJ nraw;fupa nray;fisr; rpj;jhe;j rhj;jpu
E}y;fSs; xd;whd jpUf;fspw;Wg;gbahu; $Wfpd;wJ. fp.gp. xd;gjhk;
E}w;whz;bd; eLg;gFjpapy; tho;ej; tuhff; fUjg;gLk; Re;ju%u;jj
; p ehadhu;
irtrka tsu;rr ; pf;Fg; ngupJk; gq;fhw;wpAs;shu;.
m. Re;ju%u;j;jp ehadhuJ irtrkag; gzpfs;
Qhdrk;ge;jUk; ehTf;furUk; vq;qdk; ,iwtDf;Fk; ,iwtd;
vOe;jUspAs;s Myaq;fSf;Fk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspjj ; dNuh mJ Nghd;W
Re;juUk; mtw;Wf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspj;jNjhL mtu;fis tpl xUgb
mg;ghy; nrd;W ,iwabahu;fsJ topghl;bw;Fk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; toq;fpdhu;.
jpUth&u; NfhapYf;F te;j Re;juu; mq;F $bapUe;j rptdbahu;fis
kjpf;fhJ nrd;wNghJ mt;tbahu;fSs; tpwd;kpz;l ehadhu; Re;juuJ
nray; fz; L rpdk; nfhs; s > Re; j uu; jk; jtiw czu; e ; J
rptdbahu;fisg; Nghw;Wk; Kfkhfj; “jpUj;njhz;lj; njhif” iag;
ghbdhu;.
irt newp juk; 11 76 ,ytr ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;F
jpy;iytho; me;jzu; jk; mbahu;f;Fk; mbNad;
jpUePy fz;lj;Jf; Fatdhu;f;fbNad;
,y;iyNa vd;dhj ,aw;giff;Fk; mbNad;
,isahd;wd; Fbkhwd; mbahu;f;Fk; mbNad;
nty; Y khkpfty; y nka; g ; n ghUSf; fbNad;
tpupnghopy; #o; Fd;iwahu; tpwd;kpz;lu;f;- fbNad;
my;ypnkd; Ky;iyae;jhu; mku;ePjpf; fbNad;
M&ud; M&upy; mk;khDf; fhNs.
vDk; ghly; jpUj;njhz;lj; njhifapd; KjyhtJ ghlyhFk;. ,iwtNd
me;jzu; tbtpy; te;J “jpy; jpy;iytho; me;jzu; jk; mbahu;f;Fk;
mbNad;…” vd Nkw;gb mbia vLj;Jf; nfhLj;jjhff; $wg;gLfpwJ.
irt cyfpy; mbahu;fis tzf;fj;jpwF ; upatu;fshf Mf;fpa rpwg;gpy;
jpUj;njhz;lj; njhiff;F caupa gq;Fz;L. ek;gpahz;lhu; ek;gp
jpUj;njhz;lu; jpUte;jhjp ghLtjw;Fk;> Nrf;fpohu; ngupa Guhzk
Guhzk;;
ghLtjw;Fk; ngUe;Jiz Gupe;j E}y; jpUj;njhz;lj; njhifahFk;.
Re;juu; ,iwtidj; Njhouhff; nfhz;L jdJ nysfPf tho;tpd;
NjitfSf;nfy;yhk; ,iwtidj; JizNghff; Nfl;L Nahf khu;ff ; j;jpy;
tho;eJ; Nahfnewp jiof;f toptFj;jtuhthu;. Re;ju%u;jj ; p ehadhu;
ghba Njthuq;fSs; ekf;Ff; fpilj;j Njthuq;fs; 1026 MFk;. mit
100 gjpfq;fshf Vohk; jpUKiwapy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. Re;juupd; ghly;fs;
nrhd;daKk; nghUs; eaKk; kpf;fit.
M. Re;ju%u;j;jp ehadhuJ r%fg; gzpfs;
Re; j u%u; j ; j p ehadhuJ rkag; gzpfisg; Nghd; W mtuJ
r%fg;gzpfSk; irtrka tsu;rr ; pf;F tYT+l;Ltdthf mike;jpUe;jd.
jpUg;Gf;nfhspA+upy; kiwNahu; thOk; tPjp topahfr; Re;juu; nrd;W
nfhz;bUf;ifapy; xU tPlb ; y; kq;fy xypAk; vjpu; tPlb ; y; mOif
xypAk; Nfl;ld. mijf; Nfl;L tpag;Gw;w Re;juu; mjw;fhd fhuzj;ij
tpdt> “Ie;J taJ epuk;gpa ,e;j ,uz;L tPl;Lg; gps;isfSk;
ePuhLtjw;fhf Fsj;jpw;Fr; nrd;wdu;. mtu;fSs; xUtid Kjiy
tpOq;fpw;W. kw;iwatd; tPL Nru;ej ; hd;. mtDf;F ,d;W G+Z}w; rlq;F.
vjpu; t P l ; b y; Kjiy tpOq; f pa jk; kfid epidj; J ngw; N whu;
tUe;Jfpd;wdu;” vd;wdu;. Re;juu; Fsf;fiuf;Fr; nrd;W jpUg;Gf;nfhspA+u;
mtpehrpg; ngUkhid epide;J tzq;fp “Vw; Vw;whd; kwf;Nfd;.....” vd;w
irt newp juk; 11 77 ,ytr ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;F
gjpfj; i jg; ghbdhu; . ,iwtd;
jpUtUshy; Kjiy mg; g ps; i s
iaf; fiuapw; nfhzu;e;J
ckpo; e ; j J. gpd; G mg; g ps; i sf; F
Re;juu; G+Z}w; rlq;F nra;tpj;jhu;.
4. khzpf;fthrf Rthkpfs;
ngUFk; itia jid miog;gpf;FNk
gpuk;gbf;Fg; gpuhd; Nkdp fd;WNk
eupnay; y hk; gupahf elj; J Nk
ehb %ifjidg; NgRtpf;FNk
guptpw; gpl;Lf;F kz; Rkg;gpf;FNk
gukd; VnlOjf; Nfhit ghLNk
tUFk; Gj;jiu thjpy; nty;YNk
thjT+uu; toq;fpa ghlNy.
vd;W khzpf;fthrfuJ mw;Gjq;fisg; gok; ghlnyhd;W $Wfpd;wJ.
khzpf;fthrfuJ fhyk; gw;wp Muha;rr ; pahsu;fSf;Ff;fpilNa NtWgl;l
fUj; J f; f s; fhzg; g Lfpd; w d. MapDk; xd; g jhk; E}w; w hz; b d;
Kw; g FjpapNyNa khzpf; f thrfu; tho; e ; j pUe; j jhfg; ngUk; g hyhd
mwpQu;fs; fUJfpd;wdu;.
m. khzpf;fthrfupd; irtrkag; gzpfs
gzpfs;.
khzpf;fthrfuJ irtg;gzpfSs; rpwg;ghdJ mtu; ekf;fspj;j
jpUthrfkhFk
jpUthrfkhFk;. khzpf;fthrfuJ ghly;fis me;jz tbtpy; te;j
thjT+ud;
rptngUkhd; khzpf;fthrfu; $w vOjp mUspdhu;.; mjhtJ “thjT+ud;
tpsk; g pl mk; g ytd; vOjpaJ mofpa
vOjpaJ” vd; W tiuag; g l; L k; “mofpa
rpw;wk;gyKilahd; ” vd ,iwtd; xg;gkpl;Lk; jpUthrf Vl;bid
epiwT nra;J ,Ue;jhu;.
irt newp juk; 11 78 ,ytr ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;F
rptGuhzk; Kjy; mr;Nrhg;gjpfk
jpUthrfj;jpy; rptGuhzk jpfk;; <whd Ik;gj;njhU
gjpfq;fs; mike;Js;sd. ,tw;Ws; jpUmk;khid> jpUce;jpahu;>
jpUntk;ghit> jpUr;rhoy;> jpUj;njs;Nszk;> jpUj;NjhNzhf;fk;>
jpUg;G+ty;yp> jpUg;nghw;Rz;zk;> jpUg;nghd;D}Q;ry
y; vd;gd ehl;Lg;Gwg;
ngz;fs; ghLk; ghly;fs; tbtpy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
jpUthrfj;Jf;F cUfhjhu; xU thrfj;Jf;Fk; cUfhu;” vd;W
“jpUthrfj;
Nghw;wj;jf;f msTf;F jpUthrfg;ghly;fs; vspik eak; kpf;fitahff;
fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,NjNghd;W ,iwtidj; jiytdhfTk; jd;idj;
jiytpahfTk; vz;zp md;G fye;JUfg; ghba ghly;fs;
jpUf;Nfhitahu; MFk;. ,J jkpopYs;s Nfhit E}y;fSf;nfy;yhk;
jiy rpwe;jjhfg; Nghw;wg;gLfpd;wJ. khzpf;fthrfu; ghba jpUthrfk;
656 ghRuq;fisAk; jpUf;Nfhitahu; 400 ghRuq;fisAk; nfhz;L
vl;lhk; jpUKiwahf mike;Js;sd.
khzpff; thrfu; jkJ fhyj;jpy; Vida rkaj;jtu;f
; is thjpy; ntd;W
irtrka cz;ikfNs Nkyhdit vd ep&gpj;Js;shu;. jpy;iyf;F
tUif je;j ngsj;j kd;dDk; ngsj;j FUkhUk; Gj;jrkaNk NkyhdJ
vd thjpl;ldu;. khzpf;fthrfu; irtrka cz;ikfis vLj;Jf; $wp
mtu;fis nksdpfshf;fpdhu;. gpd;du; jkJ jtWfis czu;ej ; ngsj;j
FUkhu;fSk; ngsj;j kd;dDk; irt rkaj;ijj; jOtpdu;.
M. khzpf;fthrfupd; r%fg;gzpfs;.
khzpff ; thrfu; ,iwtdJ jpUtUSld; Fwpgg ; plj;jf;f r%fg;gzpfis
Mw;wpaij mwpaKbfpd;wJ. mupku;j;jd
ghz;badJ Kjyikr;ruhf tpsq;fpaNghJ
jpUg;ngUe;Jiwf;F Fjpiufs;
thq;Ftjw;fhfr; nrd;w thjT+uu;> kd;dd;
jkf;fspj;j nghw;fhRfsidj;ijAk; r%f
ed;Nehf;fpy; epdW
; rptdbahu;fsJ grpiag;
Nghf;f czT toq;fpAk;> jpUklq;fs;
mikf;fTk; nrytpl;lhu;.
jpy;iyapy; irtrka cz;ikfs; rhu;ghf
thjplte;j ngsj;j kd;ddpd; kfspd;
Cikj;jd;ikia ,iw jpUtUspdhy;
ePff
; p mtisg; Ngrr;nra;jik ,tuJ r%fg;gzpf;Fr; rhd;whFk;.
irt newp juk; 11 79 ,ytr ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;F
Nky;t
; Uk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil jUf.
1. ghz;ba ehl;by; irtrkak; kPzL
; k; tsUtjw;Ff; fhuzkhf
mike;jtu;fs; ahtu;?
2. ekf;Ff; fpilj;Js;s Qhdrk;ge;juJ Njthuq;fspd; vz;zpf;if
ahJ?
3. Qhdrk;ge;jUk; ehTf;furUk; ,ize;J Mw;wpa rkag;gzpfs;
ahit?
4. ehTf;furuJ ghly;fs; vt;tifiar; Nru;ej
; d?
5. ,iwtd; mbnaLj;Jf; nfhLf;fr; Re;ju%u;jj
; p ehadhuhw; ghlg;ngw;w
E}y; vJ?
6. Re;ju%u;jj
; p ehadhuJ r%fg;gzpfs; ahit?
7. jpUthrfj;jpd; Kjy; gFjpiaAk; ,Wjpg; gFjpiaAk; Fwpg;gpLf.
8. khzpff
; thrfu; rptngUkhidj; jiytuhfTk; jk;ikj; jiytpahfTk;
nfhz;L ghba ghly;fs; vt;thW miof;fg;gLk;?
nraw;ghL.
01) rkaFutu; ehy;tuJk; rka r%fg;gzpfis jdpj;jdpahf ml;ltiz
xd;wpy; G+u;jj
; p nra;J tFg;giwapy; fhl;rpg;gLj;Jq;fs;.
ghlr; RUf;fk;.
• rkaFutu; ehy;tUk; ,iwaUSld; rka> r%fg; gzpfis
Mw;wpdu;.
• mtu;fsJ ,g;gzpfs; %yk; irtrkak; tsu;rr
; pAw;wJ.
• rkaFutu;fs; mUspa jpUKiwg;ghly;fs; ,iw gf;jpia
nkU$l;lty;yd.
• ehKk; rkaFutu;fsJ gzpfisf; fw;W> mtw;Wf;F kjpgg
; spjJ
;
vkJ gpuNjrq;fspYk; mit Nghd;w gzpfSf;F
Kjd;ikaspg;Nghk;.
irt newp juk; 11 80 ,ytr ghlE}y; tpepNahfj;jpw;F