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Presented By: Dr. Akhlas Ahmed Lecture # 08 Preston University

This document discusses sociometry, which is the study of interpersonal relationships and social structures within groups. Sociometry uses surveys to map individuals' preferences for interacting with others in the group. It can reveal subgroups, leadership structures, and how information flows through the network. Historically developed by Jacob Moreno in the 1930s, sociometry focuses on interpersonal choices in small groups through quantitative scales. Sociograms can visually depict social relationships within a group using points, lines, and arrows to represent individuals and the direction of their preferences. The purposes of applying sociometry include understanding group dynamics, identifying an individual's position, discovering relationship patterns, and evaluating effects of social activities on group goals. It can be used in education, industry,

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Aarav Arora
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138 views

Presented By: Dr. Akhlas Ahmed Lecture # 08 Preston University

This document discusses sociometry, which is the study of interpersonal relationships and social structures within groups. Sociometry uses surveys to map individuals' preferences for interacting with others in the group. It can reveal subgroups, leadership structures, and how information flows through the network. Historically developed by Jacob Moreno in the 1930s, sociometry focuses on interpersonal choices in small groups through quantitative scales. Sociograms can visually depict social relationships within a group using points, lines, and arrows to represent individuals and the direction of their preferences. The purposes of applying sociometry include understanding group dynamics, identifying an individual's position, discovering relationship patterns, and evaluating effects of social activities on group goals. It can be used in education, industry,

Uploaded by

Aarav Arora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presented by:

Dr. Akhlas Ahmed


Lecture # 08
Preston University
Sociometry
 The study of the patterns of inter-
relations among people in groups, and
the process of their measurement.
 Way of mapping preferences among
group members
 Reveal relation of individual to group
 Reveal (sub) structure of group
 Reveal role (s) played by members
 Predict amount / direction of interaction
Leadership: Sociometry
 Network centralization related to power and perceptions
of influence based on who (and which subgroups)
 Communicated with each other most.
 Analysis of underlying structure
-Path between nodes X and Y?
-How many links in path?
-What role (s) does each node play?
 Analysis of underlying structure
 Analysis of message flow in network
-How long to move through network?
-Types of messages?
-Which channels?
Sociometry…
 Historically, it was developed by Jacob L.
Moreno in 1930s.
 It is closely associated with small group
research, where its focuses on interpersonal
choices.
 It is an empirical, phenomenological approach
to the study of group structure.
 Sociometry can serve as a contrast or
complement to the formal study of group
structure through archival records.
sociography
 The term Sociometry refer to research using
quantitative scales.
 It is sometimes called sociography, which is
a method of presenting data about complex
individual relationships and networks in graph
form.
Sociometry Tests
 Sociometry Tests are simply surveys which are
administered to subjects (typically all subjects in a
small group) to determine the direction of certain
relationships.
 This can sometimes be assessed through simple
observation.
 For example, a Sociometry test might ask members of a
department which other members they are most / least
likely to consult on important questions; whom they hold in
highest / lowest esteem; or with whom they most / least
likely to see face-to-face during the previous week.
 In each representation, individuals are depicted as
points.
 Star representation is made up of several lines
pointing toward or away from a central point, which
represents an individual who is involved in relation
ships with each of the other points, and where the
arrows represent relationships such as ignoring,
reciprocation or rejection.
 Chain representations includes a series of
relationships; the pair (a mutually reciprocated
relationship); the power (short for "power behind
the throne," who is the object of attraction of a few
very sociometrically attractive individuals; and the
isolate (a subject not chosen by anyone).
Sociometry Diagrams
TECHNIQUES USED IN
COUNSELING
1. Techniques for getting to know an individual
2. Techniques based on self-expressing
3. Techniques based on others’ views
WHAT IS SOCIOMETRY?
 Socious (in latin) = partner / friend
 Metrum (in latin) = measurment

 The word ‘socimetry’ which comes from


French to our language means as the effects
of social life & friendship on an individual.
WHAT ARE THE PURPOSES
OF APPLYING SOCIOMETRY?
 To learn the interaction & the structure of a group
 To discover where exactly an individual exists in that
group
 To elicit social relationship and the organization type
of a group through analyzing attitudes & aptitudes of
group members among eachother
 To identify subgroups,leaders and cliques of a group
 To obtain objective information about the real structure
of a group and group integrity.
The importance and functions
of Sociometry
 It enables us to learn about the group dynamics
and evaluate socialization levels of students after
some social activities and their effects on reaching
the intended goal.
 It helps school administration,teachers and
counseling department by providing detailed
information about the general structure & the social
relationships of the group by preparing social plans
& programmes to develop them in a better way and
to find solutions to the problems.
 After applying these regulations,groups can be re-
constructed to increase efficiency in their
performance.
AREAS THAT SOCIOMETRY
CAN BE APPLIED
 EDUCATION

 INDUSTRY

 SERVICE AND PUBLIC SECTOR, and


sometimes even in:
 ARMY 
SOME CHARACTER TYPES
OBSERVED IN SOCIMETRY
 Leaders

 Isolatedones
 Rejected ones

 Groups in-pairs

 Cliques

 Relationships in-chain
Application of Socimetry
A good and clear explanation should be
made to express the aim of the technique
before the application
 A friendly and attentive classroom
atmosphere should be created.
 Class members should have known
eachother since about 6 months to get
valid&reliable results
 It must be applied to the students who can
read and write
Thanks

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