2017
Student Names & I.D’s:
Mustafa Abdulla - 201400253
Khalid Alkhedri – 201401115
Masood Rustamy – 201401189
Abdullah Salmeen – 201400198
Subject: Business Research Methods– BU6011
Class Number: 002
Tutor: Luke Man Chow
Table of Content:
Contents
Title: .............................................................................................................................................................. 2
Abstract: ........................................................................................................................................................ 3
Introduction: ................................................................................................................................................. 4
Background - Literature Review:................................................................................................................... 5
MOS: ......................................................................................................................................................... 5
How Caffeine affect us: ............................................................................................................................. 6
Methodology:................................................................................................................................................ 7
Online Survey: .......................................................................................................................................... 7
Participants: .......................................................................................................................................... 7
Procedure and material: ....................................................................................................................... 7
Direct observation: ................................................................................................................................... 9
Schedule, required sources, and budget: ................................................................................................... 10
References: ................................................................................................................................................. 12
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................ 12
Appendix: .................................................................................................................................................... 13
Page | 1
Title: In what ways does coffee consumption have an effect on the behavior of Bahrain
Polytechnic tutors during the class time?
Page | 2
Abstract:
Background: There has been a lot growth in the coffee consumptions and beans retail over the years.
Therefore, it is important to study the effects of coffee beans and its intensity on the tutors in Bahrain
Polytechnic. Moreover, the purpose of this research is to discover and discuss how can coffee
consumptions effects the Bahrain Polytechnic tutors?
Methodology: 40 tutors in Bahrain Polytechnic have been chosen to conduct the research. There is
one main independent variable that has to be measured; the variable is the intensity level of the
coffee beans. After the independent variable is measured, the methods that include online survey and
direct observation are conducted to determine the dependent variable which is the performance of
the Bahrain Polytechnic tutors during the lecture time.
Budget: A budget of no more than 7000 BD has been set up to include an estimate of all the relative
costs of conducting this specific research. The purpose of the budget calculation is to clear up all the
financial doubts that the investors might have about the research and to be more specific toward the
future remuneration. Consequently, this will increase the trust of the Bahraini investors into this
project and will motivate them to invest in such projects.
Conclusion: In summary, this research will act as a huge advancement in coffee industries as it will
provide clear and specific guidelines on how to attract most desired coffee drinkers according to their
perspective. This proposal consists of detailed information on the whole research that will clear all the
doubts in whether financial or methodologies are related.
Keywords: Coffee, Caffeine, beans, Bahrain Polytechnic, Business tutors, direct observation, online
survey.
Page | 3
Introduction:
Coffee has become an essential to individuals in the morning among the world’s nations.
Nowadays, coffees are being provided to the public in everywhere and the percentage of this
growth is increasing on daily basis. Although, the concept of coffee brew is standardized
between the entire nations, the bean roast differs from brew to another or from coffee shop to
another. The most common type of coffee is black coffee and coffee with milk which is
generally served in 8 Ounces as a standard. Another aspect to be considered is the type of
coffee beans; the type is divided into three comprehensive types which are light, medium and
dark roast. Moreover, the roast level can determine the level of intensity; which light indicates
the smoothness and medium roast designates to the taste between smoothness and heaviness
while the dark roast is used for strongest and heavy type of coffees such as espresso (lokker,
2013). However, all of these roasts have its customers taste and price. Consequently, this raised
a research question on what types of coffees have an impact on Bahrain Polytechnic tutors. In
addition, we are proposing a reliable and valid research methods that will explore the motives
and intentions of the tutors’ consumers when they drink their coffee. This research shall assist
and guide the investors in Bahrain about the desirable characteristics when establishing coffee
shops. It will also guide business owners and franchising companies in Bahrain on which coffee
types should be included in machines to be more suitable to approach their targeted
customers. As a result, the economy of Bahrain and the growth of coffee shops or business
owners of coffee vending machines would gain further developments and profits towards these
findings. As for this research paper proposal, we are going to identify the following hypothesis:
1) If the levels of intensity of the beans affects the performance of Bahrain Polytechnic
tutors during the class time.
In this given proposal, a review of literature will be discussed, analyzed as well as the best
research methods will be accurately conducted within this research. In addition, a specific
budget and timeline will be identified for what is required to conduct this specific proposed
research.
Page | 4
Background - Literature Review:
MOS:
According to (MOS) literatures, consumption of coffee attracts the brain to work well with the
help of Mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) consumption analysis which might be helpful for brain
management. This analysis was involved to decide if utilization of coffee enhances body
structure (i.e. behavioral aspect) when disposed as a feature of the mind working; in this
twofold visually impaired, randomized, false treatment controlled review, mostly men and
women whom aged between 19–65 years old had consumed coffee drinks twice every day. In
addition, Refreshments were identical aside from the nearness of (MOS gathering) and the
body structure was evaluated at gauge and endpoint utilizing attractive reverberation. Coffee
beans include Mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) that can be easy to digest just from the water
component. According to some literatures, it had been examined that the functionality of the
MOS is as a bioactive specialist, especially until time ended of irregular property. in reality, an in
laboratory examination of MOS absorbability and aging has found that MOS stays undigested
until it achieves the internal organ, where it is aged by human fecal micro-organisms,
consequently it enhance absorption. Therefore, this gathering found that MOS was
impermeable to the human an amylase. Earlier studies in both animals and humans have also
found MOS to be effective in lowering total body fat; resulting from the incomplete digestion of
MOS discussed above. Thus, the goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of a
coffee beverage enriched with MOS, relative to a placebo beverage, on body composition in
health. Based on previous knowledge of the effects of MOS on fat excretion and liver
lipogenesis, we hypothesized that the addition of an MOS containing beverage, as part of a
free-living (Salinardi, 2017).
Page | 5
How Caffeine affect us:
When caffeine affects the mind it contains a neurotransmitter called adenosine. Adenosine
impacts consideration, readiness, and rest. It develops in your mind normally, similar to
mercury ascending in a thermometer. At the point, when adenosine hits a specific level, your
body chooses the sleep mode. Hence, your experience difficulty will remain awake and
concentrating. However, when you respite, the adenosine resets and the thermometer drops
back to zero among the night time. Therefore, you get up in the morning prepared and ready to
go.
Since Caffeine contains adenosine, it ties to specific predictions in the mind like a key fitting
into a bolt that would presumably will not make you refreshed if adenosine was not included.
By blocking adenosine, caffeine will keep on the cell running and would make you alerted.
However, when caffeine pieces adenosine, it allows mind chemicals like glutamate and
dopamine to join the gathering and flow all together. Naturally, it gives you a rush forward of
vitality, enhancing mental implementation, and moderating age related to mental decay.
Likewise, caffeine expands serotonin, a noteworthy mind-set influencer; this makes you feel
more positive, and it is sufficiently strong to quantifiably influence sadness. Nevertheless, it is
true that some coffee can make you a more delighted human being which would enhances
learning by up to 10% once the caffeine has been consumed. Caffeine cans even facilitate
mental pains and headaches by choking veins in the mind that would open extensively. Thus,
makes drinking coffee one of the most effortless mind execution hacks ever. Moreover, coffee's
sufficiency as superior brain escalation makes it fluid “gold” as it is not surprising that coffee's
essential is a dynamic deception. Furthermore, caffeine is the globe's most regularly utilized
psychoactive medication. Hence, the relationship between caffeine's primary herbal source of
coffee plant and our own particular organic chemistry is one of nature's best hacks. According
to Sally Greenberg, the national consumer leagues’ official executive, she stated that "the truth
of the matter is that 85% of the U.S. public consumes caffeine each and every day"; keeping in
mind that we utilize and consume a large quantity of it. Therefore, Americans are most
certainly caffeine cultured (staff, 2016).
Page | 6
Methodology:
To find a valid answer towards our research question, we will consider both online survey and
direct observation to be our optimal research methods to collect data for this research.
Therefore, an online survey will be conducted for the Bahrain Polytechnic tutors to support our
hypothesis; while a direct observation will be applied during the given activity for Bahrain
Polytechnic tutors to assess their coffee consumption patterns within a period of two months.
Online Survey:
The first part of the methodology will be consisted of online survey to gather data towards our
research question proposal. The online survey which is also known as questionnaire will be
made and shared with Bahrain Polytechnic tutors through Google drive in short period to ask
specific questions regarding to our research proposal topic, namely investigating opinions,
attribute and behavior within the online survey. In addition, the survey will be constructed by
using Google forms; which would be a cost-effective method for us as researchers and would
demonstrate graphs, percentages of the answers precisely.
Participants:
The participants will be 40 Bahrain polytechnic tutors (25 men, and 15 women) who are invited
via email to complete an online survey in exchange for coffee coupons to be utilized within the
campus. The participants have gave their consent before taking part in the study and
completed the required questionnaire as self-administrated online survey from their own
computers at their free time. The participant mean age was 22 and the standard deviation was
7.
Procedure and material:
The team will design an online survey for the Bahrain Polytechnic tutors to support our
research proposal with its relevant data. Also, we would contact the respondent in our case via
email in order to send them the online survey as a coherent whole that would limit the time
Page | 7
and it will be a cost-effective way towards our researchers whom pursuing a limited affect to its
validity and reliability. Therefore, the online survey results could be quantified quickly and
concisely since it will be self-administrated which would be utilized to compare and contrast
with other research’s that has been done in this field. Moreover, the online survey would
support us to measure the variation of the quantitative data that can be utilized to create
exclusive theories which would possibly test existing hypothesis to create assumptions for our
budget. Furthermore, a set of guidelines will be provided within the questionnaire in order to
simplify the meaning of the questions such as the rating scale that would be ranging from
strongly disagree till strongly agree which will be demonstrated within the questions itself to
assure that the questionnaire are valid and reliable (Mcleod, 2014). However, gathering data
from the online survey must consider two aspects which are the validity and reliability. Firstly,
the validation of the questionnaire must measure what supposed to be measuring about the
consumption tendency for the levels of intensity of the beans in order to establish a qualitative
data towards our research proposal (publishing, 2014). Secondly, the reliability of the
questionnaire must be consistent and relevant towards our research question to establish a
reliable measurement towards the coffee consumptions pattern. (Brown, 1997). In addition,
we decided to gather mixture of quantitative and qualitative data to support our research
proposal question. Quantitative data would generate numerical data that would be tentative at
that time of related variables towards our research question that will presumably be an
indicator for measuring specific elements and hypothesis of the coffee consumption patterns
for further research upon our proposal (N.Ross, 2005 ). While qualitative research would
establish an extent which a question measures in order to measure the questions specifically
about the consumption tendency for the levels of intensity of the beans (N.Ross, 2005 ).
Therefore, this will give us respondent patterns of opinions or behavioral intent towards our
required question.
Page | 8
Direct observation:
The second part of the experiment is the direct observation method. The researchers have
decided to apply overt observation type in which we will tell the tutor that a research will be
conducted during this specific period in the classroom. We used this type for the reason that to
make tutors feel more comfortable throughout the research process. In addition, the team has
decided to place the four Verismo machines that blinds and serves both of medium and dark
beans coffee in the entrance of specified and common buildings; which are building 19, 8, 5 and
11. Also, three packs of dark roast beans and three packs of medium roast beans as well as cups
will be provided with every machine. The machine has the facility of consumption screen that
shows how many coffees have been consumed during the day. This will provide us an estimate
of how many tutors drank coffee and at which intensity level of beans has been served.
Therefore, the researcher and the assistants will attend classes for those tutors who drank
coffee from the vending machine. Researcher attendance during tutor class will help us as
researchers to collect an estimate of tutors alertness and their energy level while lecturing. This
method procedure will be set on specific day and time from 20 th June 2017 to 31st August 2017.
The working hours of the research will be no more than two hours for each tutor for the reason
that Bahrain Polytechnic classes are regularly two hours duration.
Page | 9
Schedule, required sources, and budget:
In order to answer the mentioned question above, the team has proposed a budget that would
cover all the expenses of the entire research. A team of 14 individuals have been chosen
specifically to conduct the online survey and direct observation; this means that the team will
be divided into two segments. First segment, two of the current researchers will be required to
create an online survey and 5 research assistant will be recruited to help develop the online
survey. The second segment will consist of two current researcher and other 5 research
assistants to help the researchers to perform all the required tasks for the direct observation.
However, total of 7 individuals will focus on online survey while the rest will emphasis on direct
observation. It is preferable if these individuals are undergraduate students; as these students
will be more focused and familiar with the environment to conduct both methods. Each
individual will be paid equally with the amount of 2.5 BD per hour which is the standard
payment in Bahrain. In addition, to actually know the effects of coffee, we have to provide
Verismo machine (A machine that offers water reservoir that can make espresso and latte)
which is offered in Starbucks and plenty of different beans with different roast levels. The price
of machine is 230 BD and 5 BD for each roast beans bag. Hence, we shall provide 12 of medium
and 12 of dark roast bags which will be BD 120 in total. As the research team and individuals
will have one hour break during focus group and direct observation; it will be more appropriate
to provide lunch allowance of 1.5BD for each researcher for the period of 10 days. The rooms
within building 19, 5, 8, and 11 will be allocated in Bahrain Polytechnic; which will charge 2.5 BD
per hour. At maximum, the researcher needs 120 hours to perform the full analysis.
Consequently, the following matrix will show the allocation of the budget:
Page | 10
Expenses Amount Time Cost Total
1 hour per
Tutors 40 participant - -
Rooms 4 120 hours 2.5 BD PER HOUR 1200 BD
Researchers 4 120 hours 2.5 BD PER HOUR 1200 BD
Research assistants 10 120 hours 2.5 BD PER HOUR 3000 BD
Verismo machine 4 120 hour 230 BD PER MACHINE 920 BD
Coffee beans bags 24 10 days 5BD PER BEANS BAG 120 BD
1.5 BD FOR EACH RESEARCHER PER
10 days
Food allowance 14 per day DAY 210 BD
Total 6650 BD
As for the scheduled timings for the direct observation will be in the following matrix:
Location (Bahrain
Method Polytechnic B.11, 5, 19, Date Day Time Lunch Break
8)
Direct Observation Room 11.1 – level 1 20-June-17 Tuesday 1 am - 11pm 1pm - 2pm
Direct Observation Room 19.20 – level 2 27-June-17 Tuesday 11am-11pm 1pm - 2pm
Direct Observation Room 5.2 – level 1 3-July-17 Monday 11am-11pm 1pm - 2pm
Direct Observation Room 8.16 – level 2 10-July-17 Monday 11am-11pm 1pm-2pm
Direct Observation Room 11.1 – level 1 17-July-17 Monday 11am-11pm 1pm-2pm
Room 19.20 – level
Direct Observation 3-Aug-17 Thursday 11am-11pm 1pm-2pm
2
Direct Observation Room 5.2 – level 1 10-Aug-17 Thursday 11am-11pm 1pm-2pm
Direct Observation Room 8.16 – level 2 17-Aug-17 Thursday 11am-11pm 1pm-2pm
Direct Observation Room 11.1 – level 1 24-Aug-17 Thursday 11am-11pm 1pm-2pm
Direct Observation Room 19.20 – level 2 31-Aug-17 Thursday 11am-11pm 1pm-2pm
Page | 11
References:
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Appendix:
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