Code No: RT31021 R13 SET - 1
III B. Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, October/November -2017
ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Note: 1. Question Paper consists of two parts (Part-A and Part-B)
2. Answering the question in Part-A is compulsory
3. Answer any THREE Questions from Part-B
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PART –A
1 a) How dynamometer instrument can be realized as a transfer instrument? [3M]
b) Enumerate the errors introduced by dynamometer type wattmeter. [4M]
c) Distinguish between dc and ac type potentiometer. [4M]
d) What are the difficulties associated with the measurement of very high [3M]
resistance?
e) List out the advantages and disadvantages of flux meter. [4M]
f) A lissajous pattern on an oscilloscope is stationary and has 5 vertical maximum [4M]
values and 4 horizontal maximum values. The frequency of the horizontal input
is 1200 Hz. Determine the frequency of vertical input.
PART -B
2 a) Give the basic principle of working of an electrostatic voltmeter. Explain how [8M]
would you increase (i) the operating forces and (ii) voltage range of the
voltmeter.
b) A 1 mA full scale permanent magnet moving coil meter with a coil resistance [8M]
of 100 Ω is to be converted into (i) 0-1 A dc ammeter and (ii) 0-30 V dc
voltmeter by connecting external series/parallel resistances. Show the
connections and find out the values of the external resistances in each case.
3 a) Draw the possible methods of connections of the pressure coil of a wattmeter [8M]
and compare the errors.
b) A 230 V, 50 Hz single phase energy meter has a constant of 200 revolutions [8M]
per kWh. While supplying a non-inductive load of 4.4 A at normal voltage, the
meter takes 3 minutes for 10 revolutions. Calculate the percentage error of the
instrument.
4 a) Draw a connection diagram of Crompton potentiometer and bring out its [8M]
salient features. How is it standardised?
b) Measurements for determination of the impedance of the coil are made on a [8M]
coordinate type of potentiometer. The results are: voltage across 1 Ω standard
resistance in series with the coil +0.952 V on in-phase dial and -0.340 V on
quadrature dial; voltage across 10:1 potential divider connected to the terminals
of the coil: +1.35 V on in phase dial and +1.28 V on quadrature dial. Calculate
the resistance and reactance of the coil.
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Code No: RT31021 R13 SET - 1
5 a) For Anderson’s bridge, derive the relation for unknown impedance. What are [8M]
the advantages and limitations of this bridge?
b) The four arms of a Wheatstone bridge are as follows: AB=100 Ω; BC=1000 Ω; [8M]
CD=4000 Ω; and DA=400 Ω. The galvanometer has a resistance of 100 Ω, a
sensitivity of 100 mm/µA and is connected across AC. A source of 4 V d.c is
connected across BD. Calculate the current through the galvanometer and its
deflection if the resistance of arm DA is changed from 400 Ω to 401 Ω.
6 a) Describe the method for determination of B-H curve of a magnetic material [10M]
using method of reversals with neat sketch.
b) In a test on a specimen of total weight 13 kg the measured of iron loss at a [6M]
given value of peak flux density were 17 W at 40 Hz and 30 W at 60 Hz.
Estimate the values of hysteresis and eddy current losses W/kg at 50 Hz for the
same value of peak flux density.
7 a) Explain with block diagram how a digital multimeter can measure dc and ac [8M]
signals and various electrical parameters.
b) Explain the working of successive approximation DVM with a neat sketch. [8M]
*****
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Code No: RT31021 R13 SET - 2
III B. Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, October/November -2017
ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Note: 1. Question Paper consists of two parts (Part-A and Part-B)
2. Answering the question in Part-A is compulsory
3. Answer any THREE Questions from Part-B
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PART –A
1 a) What are the main conditions that must be fulfilled by ammeter shunts so that [3M]
readings are independent of frequency and temperature ?
b) Why an ordinary electro-dynamometer wattmeter is not suitable for [4M]
measurement of power in low power factor circuits?
c) What do you understand by standardization in a dc potentiometer? [3M]
d) Why is Kelvin’s double bridge superior to the Wheatstone bridge for the [4M]
purpose of low resistance measurement?
e) What are the differences in construction of a ballistic galvanometer and a [4M]
d’Arsonval galvanometer?
f) What are the advantages of a digital voltmeter? [4M]
PART -B
2 a) Describe with neat sketch, the constructional details of a moving coil [8M]
instrument and explain how control and damping forces are controlled.
b) A 1000/5, 50 Hz current transformer has a secondary burden comprising a non- [8M]
inductive burden of 1.6 Ω. The primary winding has 1 turn. Calculating the
flux in the core and current ratio error at full load. Neglect leakage reactance
and assume the iron loss in core to be 1.5 W at full load.
3 a) Derive the equation for average power over a cycle. Prove that it can be [8M]
measured by a electrodynamometer type of wattmeter.
b) A 230V, single phase watt-hour meter has a constant load of 4A passing [8M]
through it for 6 hours at unity power factor. If the meter disc makes 2208
revolutions during this period, what is the meter constant in revolutions per
kwh? Calculate the power factor of the load, if the numbers of revolutions
made by the meter are 1472 when operating at 230V, 5A for 4 hours.
4 a) What are the problems associated with ac potentiometer? Describe the working [8M]
of any one ac potentiometer with neat sketch.
b) A Crompton’s potentiometer consists of a resistance dial having 15 steps of 10 [8M]
Ω each and a series connected slide-wire of 10 Ω which is divided into 100
divisions. If the working current of the potentiometer is 10 mA and each
division of slide-wire can be read accurately upto 1/5 of its span, calculate the
resolution of the potentiometer in volt.
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Code No: RT31021 R13 SET - 2
5 a) Why is Hay’s bridge suited for measurement of inductance of high Q-coils? [8M]
Derive the equation for balance condition.
b) In a Carey- Foster bridge a resistance of 1.0125 Ω is compared with a standard [8M]
resistance of 1000 Ω, the slide-wire has a resistance of 0.0250 Ω in 100
divisions. The ratio arms nominally each 10 Ω are actually 10.05 and 9.95 Ω
respectively. How far (in scale divisions) are the balance positions from those
which would obtain if the ratio-arms were true to their nominal values.
6 a) Prove that in a ballistic galvanometer, the charge is proportional to first swing [8M]
of the moving coil.
b) In a power loss test on a 10 kg specimen of sheet steel laminations, the [8M]
maximum flux density and wave form factor are maintained constant and the
following results are obtained:
Frequency (Hz) 25 40 50 60 80
Total loss (Watts) 18.5 36 50 66 104
Calculate the eddy current loss per kg at frequency of 50 Hz.
7 Write short note on the following: [16M]
(a) Ramp type DVM
(b) Digital tachometer
*****
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Code No: RT31021 R13 SET - 3
III B. Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, October/November -2017
ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Note: 1. Question Paper consists of two parts (Part-A and Part-B)
2. Answering the question in Part-Ais compulsory
3. Answer any THREE Questions from Part-B
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PART –A
1 a) Why the secondary of a CT should not be opened when the primary winding is [3M]
energised?
b) How will you test the single phase energy meter? [4M]
c) What is the difference between polar and coordinate potentiometer? [4M]
d) Why Hay bridge is not suited for the measurement of low Q factor of the [4M]
inductors?
e) What are the different types of tests that are used for testing of magnetic [3M]
materials?
f) How is phase difference between two voltages of same frequency measured [4M]
with a CRO?
PART -B
2 a) Differentiate between a CT and PT. Mention some precautions to be taken [8M]
while using CT. What measures should be taken to reduce the ratio error?
b) The control spring of a moving iron ammeter exerts a torque of 5×10-7 Nm per [8M]
degrees and the inductance of the coil varies with the pointer deflection as
given below
Deflection in degrees 20 40 60 80
Inductance in µH 657 700 750 790
Determine the deflection produced by a current of 0.5 A
3 a) Describe the working of a single phase induction type energy meter. Show that [8M]
the total number of revolutions made by its disc during a particular time is
proportional to the energy consumed.
b) A dynamometer type wattmeter with its voltage coil connected across the load [8M]
side of the instrument reads 250 watts. If the load voltage be 200 volts, what
power is being taken by load? The voltage coil branch has a resistance of
2000Ω.
4 a) Explain the term standardization of a potentiometer. Describe the procedure of [8M]
standardization of dc and ac potentiometers.
b) A slide wire potentiometer of 150 cm in length has a resistance of 150 Ω, the [8M]
working battery has an emf of 4.2 volts and negligible internal resistance. The
galvanometer resistance is 20 Ω. The standard cell has an emf of 1.018 V and
internal resistance of 1.5 Ω. The rheostat in the circuit is adjusted so that the
standard cell is in balance with the slide wire contact set at 101.8 cm. Find the
resistance of the rheostat.
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Code No: RT31021 R13 SET - 3
5 a) Describe how an unknown capacitance can be measured with the help of [8M]
D’Sauty’s bridge. What are the limitations of this bridge and how are they
overcome by using modified D’Sauty’s bridge?
b) The insulation resistance of 2 metre cable was measured by the loss of charge [8M]
method. The voltage across the standard capacitor of 0.003 µF falls from 222 V
to 155 V in one minute. Calculate the insulation resistance of the cable. Derive
the formula used.
6 a) Explain the working of flux meter. Prove that the flux is proportional to the [8M]
deflection of the flux meter.
b) The coil of a ballistic galvanometer has 115 turns of mean area 25×40 mm2. [8M]
The flux density in the air gap is 0.12 Wb/m2 and the moment of inertia is
0.5×10-6 kg-m2. The stiffness constant of spring is 45×10-6 Nm/rad. What
current must be passed to give a deflection of 1000 and what resistance must be
added in series with the movement to give critical damping.
7 Explain the following with neat sketch: [16M]
(a) Integrating type DVM.
(b) Digital multimeter.
*****
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Code No: RT31021 R13 SET - 4
III B. Tech I Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, October/November -2017
ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Note: 1. Question Paper consists of two parts (Part-A and Part-B)
2. Answering the question in Part-Ais compulsory
3. Answer any THREE Questions from Part-B
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PART –A
1 a) What are the major differences between attraction and repulsion type of [3M]
moving iron instruments?
b) Why is moving iron power factor meter generally used? [4M]
c) How is dc potentiometer made direct reading? [4M]
d) What is the purpose of Wagner earthing device? [3M]
e) A transformer is operated on 1000 V, 50 Hz and gives a total loss 1000W, of [4M]
which 700 W is due to hysteresis. If the transformer were to operate at 2000 V
and 100 Hz. What would be losses due to eddy currents?
f) What are the advantages of successive approximation DVM? [4M]
PART -B
2 a) Explain the principle of operation of attraction type moving iron instrument, [8M]
showing how it is suitable for ac and dc measurements.
b) The dimensions of the coil of a PMMC voltmeter are 4 cm×2.6 cm. The [8M]
number of turns in the coil are 80 and the flux density in the gap is 0.15T. The
resistance of the instrument is 15000 Ω. Calculate the deflecting torque
produced in the instrument when a voltage of 300 V is applied to its terminals.
3 a) Describe the working of a single phase electrodynamic power factor meter. [8M]
Compare its working with a moving iron type power factor meter.
b) Two wattmeters are connected to measure power in a 3-phase network. The [8M]
two readings are 2000 watts and 1000 watts respectively. If another wattmeter
be connected such that its current coil is in one phase and the potential coil is
across the other two phase terminals. What will it read? Also estimate the
reactive power of the network.
4 a) With the help of a neat diagram, explain how a dc potentiometer is [8M]
standardised and used to measure the current flowing in the circuit.
b) Calculate the inductance of a coil from the following measurements on an ac [8M]
potentiometer. Voltage drop across a 0.3 Ω standard resistor connected in
series with the coil=0.612∠12 6ᇱ V. Voltage across the test coil through 100/1
volts-ratio box=0.781∠50 48ᇱ volt. Frequency of supply is 50 Hz.
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Code No: RT31021 R13 SET - 4
5 a) What is the principle of using loss of charge technique for measurement of [8M]
high resistance? Derive necessary relation.
b) In an Anderson bridge for measurement of inductance Lx and resistance Rx in [8M]
the arm AB, the arms CD and DA have resistance of 600 Ω each and the arm
CE has a capacitor of 1 µF capacitance. With ac supply at 100 Hz supplied
across A and C balance is obtained with a resistance of 400 Ω in arm DE and
800 Ω in the arm BC. Calculate the value of Lx and Rx.
6 a) What are the different methods used for measurement of core losses? Explain [8M]
any one method.
b) A certain flux meter has the following constants: Air gap flux density=0.05 [8M]
Wb/m2, turns on moving coil=40, area of moving coil=750 mm2, If the flux
linking a10 turn search coil of 200 mm2 area connected to the flux meter is
reversed in a uniform field of 0.5 Wb/m2, calculate the deflection of the flux
meter.
7 a) Draw and explain the circuit of a digital frequency meter. What are the [10M]
different methods used for high frequency determination?
b) The lissajous pattern in measurement of phase difference between two voltages [6M]
of same frequency is an ellipse. How is the phase difference computed?
*****
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