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Knuckle Cotter Joint

A knuckle joint is a mechanical joint that connects two cylindrical rods whose axes lie on the same plane and allows some angular movement between them. It consists of a fork end, eye end, knuckle pin, collar, and taper pin. The fork end and eye end can rotate about the axis of the stationary knuckle pin. Knuckle joints can withstand tensile loads and are used in applications like bicycle chains, cranes, and structural members.

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240 views10 pages

Knuckle Cotter Joint

A knuckle joint is a mechanical joint that connects two cylindrical rods whose axes lie on the same plane and allows some angular movement between them. It consists of a fork end, eye end, knuckle pin, collar, and taper pin. The fork end and eye end can rotate about the axis of the stationary knuckle pin. Knuckle joints can withstand tensile loads and are used in applications like bicycle chains, cranes, and structural members.

Uploaded by

priyankar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Knuckle Joint

Introduction to Knuckle Joint:


Knuckle joint is a type of mechanical joint used in structures, to connect two intersecting
cylindrical rods, whose axes lie on the same plane. It permits some angular movement between
the cylindrical rods (in their plane). It is specially designed to withstand tensile loads.

Knuckle joint is named so because it is free to rotate about the axis of a knuckle pin.

Parts of a Knuckle Joint:


A typical knuckle joint has the following parts:

1. Fork end
2. Eye end
3. Knuckle pin
4. Collar
5. Taper pin

All the above parts can be visualized if you take a look at the exploded view shown below.

Exploded View of a Knuckle Joint


Coaxial holes are provided in the fork end, eye end and collar. The fork end and the eye end are
held together in position by means of a knuckle pin. The knuckle pin is held in its position with
the help of a collar and a taper pin.

The assembled view of a knuckle joint is shown in the image below. Both the fork end and the
eye end are capable of rotating in their planes about the axis of the knuckle pin.

Assembled View of a Knuckle Joint


Whenever a tensile load is applied on the cylindrical rods, the fork end and eye end adjust their
positions about the axis of the knuckle pin.

The knuckle pin remains stationary. It does not rotate about its axis.

Advantages of Knuckle Joint:


1. Knuckle joint can withstand large tensile loads.
2. It has good mechanical rigidity.
3. It is easy to manufacture and set up.
4. It can be easily dismantled and assembled.
5. Design is simple and easy.

Disadvantages of Knuckle Joint:


1. The joint cannot withstand large compressive loads.
2. It permits angular movement in only one plane.
3. It is not as flexible as universal joint.
Applications of Knuckle Joint:
Knuckle joints find a wide variety of applications. They are used in:

1. Bicycle chains
2. Tractors
3. Trusses
4. Automobile wipers
5. Cranes
6. Chain straps of watches
7. Earth movers
8. Robotic joints
9. Structural members
COTTER JOINT

A cotter joint is used to connect rigidly two co-axial rods or bars which are subjected to axial tensile or
compressive forces . It is a temporary fastening .

COTTER

A cotter is a flat wedge shaped piece of rectangular cross section and its width is tapered (either on one
side or on both sides) from one end to another for an easy adjustment.
APPLICATIONS OF COTTER

1. Connection of the piston rod with the cross heads


2. Joining of tail rod with piston rod of a wet air pump
3. Foundation bolt
4. Connecting two halves of fly wheel (cotter and dowel arrangement)

COMPARISON BETWEEN KEY AND COTTER

1. Key is usually driven parallel to the axis of the shaft which is subjected to torsional or twisting stress.
Whereas cotter is normally driven at right angles to the axis of the connected part which is subjected to
tensile or compressive stress along its axis.

2. A key resists shear over a longitudinal section whereas a cotter resist shear over two transverse
section.
__________________

DIFFERENT TYPES OF COTTER JOINTS

1. Socket and spigot cotter joint


2. Sleeve and cotter joint
3. Gib and cotter joint

DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR THE SPIGOT AND COTTER JOINT

To understand the design steps let take a question and solve it step by step.

Q. Design a cotter joint subjected to a tensile load of 35 kN and a compressive load of 40 KN . The
allowable stresses are
tensile stress qt = 70N/mm2
compressive stress qc = 110 N/mm2
shear stres t = 50 N/mm2

SOLUTION

STEP 1
Failure of rod in tension or compression

tensile stress = tensile load / area

qt=(Pt*40/(3.14*d*d)

where d is the diameter of the rod

from above equation we will find out the value of d and round it off to the higher integer. Now we apply
the Standard shaft rule..i.e the diameter of the rod should be of the given range

diameter increment in steps

1-10mm 1mm
10-24mm 2mm
24-45 mm 3mm
45-100 mm 5mm
above 100mm 10mm

we will make the value of the d such that it will satisfy the above table.

compressive stress = compressive load /area

qc=(4*Pc)/(3.14*d*d)

again find the value of d ,round it off ,make according to the above table and now compare the two
values of d .Take the value which is greater .

STEP 2

Failure of spigot in tension across slot

Pt=qt*[3.14/4*d1*d1 -d1*t]

where t =d1/4
find the value of d1 and then t

Emperically d1=1.2*d
again find the value of d1 and choose which one is larger ..

STEP 3

Failure of rod or cotter in crushing

check for the condition

Pt<= d1*t*qc

if the above condition meet then the value of d1 and t is correct else increase the value of d1 and t to
satisfy the condition .Because if the above condition is not satisfied then cotter will be get crushed due
to load .

STEP IV

Tensile failure of socket across slot

Pt=qt[3.14/4(d3*d3-d1*d1)2-(d3-d1)t]

find the value of d3 from above equation

Emperically , d3=1.75d

choose the greater one.

STEP V

Crushing of cotter against collar of socket

Pt=qc(d4-d1)t

find the value of d4

Emperically , d4=2.4d

choose the greater one .


STEP VI

Crushing of collar of spigot to socket

Pc=(qc*3.14*(d2*d2-d1*d1))/4

find the value of d2

Emperically , d2 =1.5d

choose the greater one.

STEP IX

Shear failure of spigot end against cotter

Pt=2*T*d1*a

where T=shear stress

find the value of a

Emperically a=0.75d

choose the greater value of a

STEP X

Shear failure of spigot collar

Pt=3.14*d*h*T

find the value of h from the above equation

Emperically ,h=0.75d

Choose the greater value of h


Step XI

Double shear failure of collar of socket by cotter

Pt=2*T*(d4-d1)*e

find the value of e from the above equation

Emperically e=0.75d

Choose the greater value of e.

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