Sludge-Cake Treatment :

Reduce the amount by half.

2013. 11
 Contents

I. About Korea Water Technology

II. Actual Record

III. Summary of the System

IV. Core of the Technology

V. Comparison with other Technologies

VI. Actual and Simulative Data

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 I. About Korea Water Technology

Introduction
Korea Water Technology is specialized in sewage sludge treatment and is the first company in
the world to commercialize the state of the art in this field that is Electro–Osmosis Dehydrator.

Corporate Chronology
2003. 6 established 2008. 12 sale to Samsung Electronics
2005. 1 development of the product 2010. 6 certificate of green technology
2005. 3 first actual record 2010. 12 export to Poland, contract with 西海市, Japan
2007. 1 certificate of New Excellent 2011. 3 certificate of performance
Product (Japan Environment & Hygiene Center)
2008. 2 export to Russia

Global Network
Home Abroad
Korea Midland Power joint research for the recycling Japan Mitzui Zosen Environmental Engineering
Environmental Corpo of sludge to be used as fuel
Poland Krevox
-ration of Incheon
Russia WTT TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
Daewoo E&C Electro-Osmosis Dehydrator
Romania Grup Romet
& Dryer System
Samchang En-tech Austria Hydro Ingenieure TERRACOMP GmbH
China SNE Co, Ltd., DLIT Co.,Ltd., HNEP, Resun
Hungary EWC-H
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 II. Actual Record

Home

customer model quantity date

Wastewater Treatment Plant, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do s12 3 2012.08
Wastewater Treatment Plant, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do s20 1 2012.04
Wastewater Treatment Plant, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do s08 1 2010.12
Wastewater Treatment Plant, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do s20 1 2009.11
Kolon Glotech s08 1 2010.12
Kolon Industries s08 1 2010.06
Samsung Electronics (Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-
selo3000 5 2008.06
do & Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do)
Hansol EME selo500 1 2008.02
Ilsansilup selo2000 1 2007.12
Kolon Chemical (Gimcheon-si, Gyeongbuk) selo2000 1 2007.09
AMOREPACIFIC Group, Inc. selo2000 1 2005.03

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 II. Actual Record

Abroad

customer model quantity date note

Joyum (China) s20 3 2013.03
Mitzui Zosen (Japan) s16 3 2012.12 三原市
Romet (Romania) s08 1 2012.07
Krevox (Poland) s16 2 2012.05
Mitzui Zosen (Japan) s12 3 2011.08 西海市
Krevox (Poland) bs16 1 2010.12 Sludge Treatment, Hrubieszow
Ecopolymer (Russia) selo3000 3 2008.10 Paper mill, Arkhangelsk
selo500, 4 England, Hungary, Austria,
pilot equipment
selo1000 3 America, ect.

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 Sludge Treatment Solutions

 Outline
- Sludge treatment can be categorized into two steps.

Wastes
Removal of water Disposal
(dehydration & drying)
Renewed resources

※ Recycling of wastes is a global trend in a rapid progress.

disposal sorts preconditions

over 35% of dry solids content

incineration
(less than 35% : auxiliary fuel required)

wastes
regulations on the lower limit of DS content to prevent the
burial leakage of the water content from contaminating underground
water (Korea 25% , China 40%)

soil DS 35%~45% required for stabilization & chemical treatment

renewed fertilizer DS 40%~70% required for stabilization & biological treatment

resources

fuel Thermal power generation requires over 90% DS in Korea.

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 Sludge Treatment Solutions

 Why electro-osmosis dehydration ?

- needs for various levels of DS % (It requires the higher DS content to make sludge the more useful.)
- Electro-osmosis dehydrator is a second dehydrator placed after the mechanical dehydration.

dehydration – separating water from sludge

mechanical dehydration (1st) – upper limit of DS 20%
Removal of water
electro-osmosis dehydration (2nd) – by electro-magnetic force

drying – vaporizing

DS 20%  30%  40%  50%  60%  70%  80%  90%

burial
incineration without auxiliary fuel
landfill
fertilizer
fuel

mechanical
Low energy
dehydration
electro-osmosis
Middle energy
dehydration
drying
High energy
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 III. Summary of the System

High-efficiency system for the fuelization of sludge

1. Composition of the system

belt-press or centrifuge electro-osmosis dehydrator (ELO-S) dryer

sludge cake 1ton

electro-osmosis
water 800kg drying
dehydration
300kg
22kg
dry solids 200kg
200kg 200kg
DS 20% DS 40% DS 90%

water 278kg
water 500kg

※ Employing electro-osmosis technology, KWT sludge-fuelization system minimizes the amount

8 of water in sludge to be dried and achieves the most efficiency.
 III. Summary of the System

High-efficiency system for the fuelization of sludge

2. Excellence
1) World’s most advanced sludge-fuelization system

DS 1% DS 20% DS 40% DS 90%

energy (kwh/DS kg) 125kwh 650kwh 1250kwh

weight of sludge (ton) 100 5 2.5 1.1

sum of energy 2025

calorific power of sludge 3488

gains of energy 1463

2) Configuration, form or shape of the outlet sludge

- electro–osmosis dehydrator : air-permeability ↑ → heat-permeability ↑
best condition to dry or compost
- filter press : averse reaction of the flocculants & air-permeability ↓ → heat-permeability ↓
bad condition to dry or compost
- belt press, decanter, centrifuge : low outlet DS
energy consumption↑ to evaporate more water

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 III. Summary of the System

High-efficiency system for the fuelization of sludge

2. Excellence
3) Partial installment available
- Three different parts comprising one system can be installed step by step.
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3

1st 1st 1st

ELO-S ELO-S dryer
dehydrator dehydrator dehydrator

1st (mechanical) dehydrator : belt-press, centrifuge, decanter, or filter-press

WWTP 1 WWTP 2
ELO-S
[merit] - Smaller WWTPs can share the dryer.

ELO-S After the electro-osmosis dehydration the volume

of sludge and the transportation cost are reduced
dryer
to half and so we can hedge against the investment
risks by sharing the dryer.
ELO-S

WWTP 3
ELO-S
WWTP 4
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 III. Summary of the System

High-efficiency system for the fuelization of sludge

2. Excellence
4) Environment-friendly system
- minimizes the use of chemicals.
(Belt-presses use organic flocculants weighing the same as 1% of DS, but other
mechanical dehydrators have to use inorganic flocculants weighing the same
as 10-40% of DS if they are to attain DS 30% dehydrating sewage sludge rich
in organic matter.)

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 IV. Core of the Technology

Technology
The Electro-Osmosis Dehydrator can raise the percentage of dry solids generally to about 40% and
reduce the weight of sludge to 50%. So if we install this 2nd dehydrator before a dryer we can save
energy and even get the sludge used as fuel. Or if we commission a contractor to treat the rest of
sludge we can lower the cost accordingly.

Limits of mechanical dehydrators

Sewage sludge rich in organic matter contains electrically charged particles. So water adheres
firmly to them and mechanical dehydrators can’t easily remove the water. It is generally
accepted that DS 20% is the highest measure mechanical dehydrators can achieve.

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 IV. Core of the Technology

Mechanism of the Electro-osmosis dehydrator

Sludge movement Sludge movement

• drum : (+) positively charged

• caterpillar (-) negatively charged
• Sludge conveyed between drum and caterpillar is divided into water (+)
and dry solids (-) (dehydrated) and discharged.
• ceaseless process using a rotary type drum

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 IV. Core of the Technology

Principles of the Electro-osmosis dehydrator

[electro-osmosis] [mechanical pressing] [electric drying]

Water moves to (-). Dry solids move to (+). Pressed water leaks. coulomb heat

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 IV. Core of the Technology

After the Electro-osmosis dehydration, drying technology

KWT system employs one of the two different types of dryers according to their respective features.

1. Microwave Dryer

It converts electricity to microwave and vaporize the water in sludge.

This type of dryer has the features as follows.

• uses electricity
• simple structure / compact size – main body only without any devices attached
• Preheating is not necessary, which is an advantage for frequent turn-on’s and off’s of the machine.
• suitable for small WWTP’s treating less than 50 tons a day

2. Indirect Steam Dryer

It is a paddle type dryer which vaporizes the water in sludge indirectly through hot steam
transmitting energy.

• uses LNG, gasoline, electricity etc. - steam boiler

• requires professional operating staff.
• suitable for large WWTP’s located where LNG is an inexpensive energy source

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 IV. Core of the Technology

Microwave Dryer

Indirect Steam Dryer

GOOD FEEDING AND MIXING SYSTEM

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 V. Comparison with other Technologies

KWT Fuelization system VS Drying-Only-Fuelization system

Features KWT Drying-Only

electro-osmosis /
principle heat-vaporization
heat-vaporization

composition dehydrator + dryer dryer

inlet sludge cake dryness 20% 20%

dryness 90% 90%

energy source electricity + LNG LNG

CO2 emission / 1 ton H2O removed 138 kg 172 kg

488 kwh 900 kwh

energy consumption / 1 ton H2O removed

energy consumption / 1 ton sludge treated 380kwh 700kwh

electricity : 140kwh electricity : 20kwh

energy composition / 1 ton sludge treated
LNG : 21m3 LNG : 57m3

※ under the condition : dryer efficiency = 900kwh/1ton H2O, driving energy = 20kwh/1ton sludge

17 CO2 emission : electricity 0.44kg/kwh, LNG 2.2kg/m3

 V. Comparison with other Technologies

Electro-osmosis dehydrator VS mechanical dehydrator

features electro-osmosis dehydrator mechanical dehydrator

products electro-osmosis dehydrator Belt-press, decanter, centrifuge, filter-press

principle electro-osmosis (electromagnetic force) mechanical pressure

about DS 20%
target
DS 35%~ DS45% DS 25%~ 35%
dryness
 with the aid of inorganic flocculants

decanter, centrifuge : very compact

installment
compact belt press : middle size
space
filter press : very big

operation
electricity (saving the posterior treatment costs) electricity + inorganic flocculants
costs

dehydra- free water & surface water (some of interior free water (some of surface water with the
tion water destructing the walls of the cells) aid of inorganic flocculants)

high DS% without any chemical additives : environment-friendly

relative
merits of no increase of dry solids  excellent reduction in weight
electro- using electromagnetic force  collateral effect of sterilization
osmosis configuration, form or shape of the outlet sludge : high air & heat permeability
dehydrator
+ easy to mix with other additives  good for drying, composting and petrifaction
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 VI. Actual Data

Uiwang-si Wangsong WWTP - Dehydrator + Microwave dryer

August 2011
throughput electric consumption (kwh/day) water removal (kg/day)
working
date electro-osmosis microwave electro-osmosis microwave
hour kg/hr kg/day total total
dehydrator dryer dehydrator dryer
1 12 630 7,560 1,048.8 1,952.0 3,000.8 3,456 2,309 5,765
2 12 759 9,108 772.8 3,096.0 3,868.8 4,164 2,781 6,945
3 12 756 9,072 745.2 3,424.0 4,169.2 4,147 2,770 6,917
4 12 840 10,080 1,076.4 3,472.0 4,548.4 4,608 3,078 7,686
5 12 798 9,576 1,131.6 3,232.0 4,363.6 4,378 2,924 7,302
8 12 564 6,768 1,242.0 2,640.0 3,882.0 3,094 2,067 5,161
9 12 738 8,856 1,076.4 3,320.0 4,396.4 4,048 2,704 6,753
10 12 774 9,288 1,076.4 3,296.0 4,372.4 4,246 2,836 7,082
11 12 750 9,000 1,104.0 3,144.0 4,248.0 4,114 2,748 6,863
12 12 711 8,532 938.4 3,032.0 3,970.4 3,900 2,605 6,506
15 12 744 8,928 1,324.8 3,072.0 4,396.8 4,081 2,726 6,808
16 12 702 8,424 1,048.8 3,232.0 4,280.8 3,851 2,572 6,423
17 12 690 8,280 1,021.2 3,184.0 4,205.2 3,785 2,528 6,314
18 12 726 8,712 938.4 3,184.0 4,122.4 3,983 2,660 6,643
19 12 726 8,712 910.8 3,368.0 4,278.8 3,983 2,660 6,643
22 12 612 7,344 1,380.0 3,032.0 4,412.0 3,357 2,243 5,600
23 12 738 8,856 966.0 3,080.0 4,046.0 4,048 2,704 6,753
24 12 640 7,680 910.8 2,720.0 3,630.8 3,511 2,345 5,856
25 12 650 7,800 883.2 2,968.0 3,851.2 3,566 2,382 5,948
26 12 750 9,000 855.6 3,320.0 4,175.6 4,114 2,748 6,863
29 12 730 8,760 910.8 2,888.0 3,798.8 4,005 2,675 6,680
30 12 740 8,880 883.2 2,952.0 3,835.2 4,059 2,712 6,771
31 12 735 8,820 883.2 2,824.0 3,707.2 4,032 2,693 6,725
276 16,503 198,036 23,129 70,432 93,561 90,531 60,472 151,002
total
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 VI. Actual Data

Uiwang-si Wangsong WWTP - Dehydrator + Microwave dryer

Data analysis

electro-osmosis dehydrator microwave dryer combined system

average dryness 19 --> 35 35 --> 80 19 --> 80
electricity consumption (kwh / month) 23,129 70,432 93,561
capacity (kg / month) 198,036
electricity (kwh / sludge 1kg) 0.12 0.36 0.47
water removed (kg / month) 90,531 60,472 151,002
(%) (60%) (40%) (100%)
electricity (kwh / water 1kg removed) 0.26 1.16 0.62
198,036kg

Electro-Osmosis
Water 160,409kg Dehydrating 69,879kg Drying
9,407kg
TS 37,627kg 37,627kg 37,627kg

DS 19% DS 35% DS 80%

60,472kg
90,531kg (40% of water dried)
20 (60% of water dehydrated)
 VI. Actual Data

Yangsan-si WWTP - Dehydrator + Indirect steam dryer

August 2011
Water LNG LNG / water 1ton energy / water 1ton
Inlet Outlet
Date removed consumption removed removed
(15% DS,ton) (ton) (ton) (㎥) (㎥/ton) kwh/ton
2011-08-10 49.13 9.33 39.80 3,109 78.12 953
2011-08-11 60.88 11.57 49.31 3,654 74.10 904
2011-08-12 60.60 11.51 49.09 3,702 75.41 920
2011-08-13 60.39 11.47 48.92 3,550 72.57 885
2011-08-14 59.54 11.31 48.23 3,491 72.38 883
2011-08-15 60.10 11.42 48.68 3,504 71.98 878
2011-08-16 61.44 11.67 49.77 3,521 70.75 863
2011-08-17 56.21 10.68 45.53 3,789 83.22 1,015
2011-08-18 56.73 10.78 45.95 3,419 74.41 908
2011-08-19 65.38 12.42 52.96 3,897 73.58 898
2011-08-20 63.97 12.15 51.82 3,844 74.18 905
2011-08-21 64.43 12.24 52.19 3,904 74.80 913
2011-08-22 66.07 12.55 53.52 4,039 75.47 921
2011-08-23 64.33 12.22 52.11 4,011 76.97 939
2011-08-24 64.58 12.27 52.31 3,898 74.52 909
2011-08-25 65.53 12.45 53.08 3,905 73.57 898
2011-08-26 62.78 11.93 50.85 3,999 78.64 959
2011-08-27 61.69 11.72 49.97 3,901 78.07 952
2011-08-28 63.38 12.04 51.34 3,923 76.41 932
2011-08-29 62.22 11.82 50.40 4,029 79.94 975
2011-08-30 58.44 11.10 47.34 3,989 84.26 1,028
2011-08-31 57.57 10.94 46.63 3,877 83.14 1,014
TOTAL 1,345 256 1,090 82,955 76 929

21 LNG 1m3 = 10,500kcal = 12.2kwh

 VI. Simulative Data

Uiwang-si Wangsong WWTP - Dehydrator + Indirect steam dryer

Applying the data of Yangsan WWTP to Wangsong WWTP case

indirect steam
electro-osmosis dehydrator combined system
dryer

average dryness 19 --> 35 35 --> 80 19 --> 80

energy consumption (kwh / month) 23,129 56,178 79,307
capacity (kg/month) 198,036
energy consumption (kwh / sludge 1kg) 0.12 0.284 0.400
electricity (kwh) 0.12 0.117
LNG (m3) 0.023 0.023
water removed (kg/month) 90,531 60,472 151,002
energy consumption
0.26 0.929 0.525
(kwh / water 1kg removed)
electricity (kwh) 0.26 0.255
LNG (m3) 0.076 0.076

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Thank you.