WOOD SPECIFICATION
FOR CONSTRUCTION
IRONWOOD AND KAPUR WOOD FOR KELONG CONSTRUCTION
Table of Wood Density
STIFFNESS/ COMPRESSIVE
DENSITY/ MODULUS OF STRENGTH
LEVEL SPECIFIC GRAVITY ELASTICITY
Table of Wood Durability
DURABILITY LEVEL
USAGE CONDITIONS
Always associated with moist soil. 8yrs 5yrs 3yrs Very short Very short
Only affected by weather, but keep it safe 20yrs 15yrs 10yrs Few years Very short
from being submerged in water and lack
of air.
Un Un Very Few years Short
Under roof protection, not associated limit limit long
with moist soil and not lacking of air. ed ed
Same with earlier condition but well mai Un Un Un 20yrs 20yrs
ntained and regularly painted. limit limit limit
ed ed ed
Soil termite attacks. no Rarely Fast Very fast Very fast
Wood powder attacks. no no no Very fast
no
Source:
IRONWOOD DEFINITION
Ironwood or also called ‘kayu ulin’ is a typical tree from Kalimantan region.
This wood is often used as building materials, such as houses, bridges,
electric poles, and shipping construction. This wood is classified as a type
of wood that has a class 1 durability level and its strength level is also class
1. That means this wood is truly durable and strong.
This wood is classified as special, iron wood is very resistant to
temperature changes, humidity and the influence of sea water. Therefore,
people often use it in the manufacture of various kinds of heavy
construction that requires the quality of raw materials with very good
durability and strength such as in the construction of buildings submerged
in water, docks, bridges, electric poles, railroad pads and various kinds
other heavy construction.
IRONWOOD IDENTIFICATION
Name Ironwood / Kayu Ulin
Local Name
Other Name
Latin Name
Family
Native area
Tree Structure Tree height up to 30 m, branch length 10-20 m, diameter up to 100 cm, 10 m wide
The outer skin is reddish brown to dark brown or gray brown, 2-9 cm thick,
sometimes grooved very superficially, peeling a lot of small and thin
Tree Figure
IRONWOOD IDENTIFICATION
Color Wood terraces are yellow brown, gray brown / blackish. Sapwood is light yellow-
brown and has a clear boundary with wooden terraces
Texture and fiber direction Rough and straight
Impression of Touch Slippery on the surface
Density/ Specific Gravity
-Maximum
-Minimum
-Average
Durability Hard to preserved
Durability Level
Strength Level
Expansion Low
Bending strength High
Hardness Very hard
Character of usage Bit difficult
Drying very slow and easy to experience cracks at the end and on the wood surface
Function Heavy construction, railroad pads, bridges, electric poles
Kapur Wood Definition
Limestone trees have two kind of sizes: big and tall. The diameter of the
stem reaches 70 cm and even 150 meters high the tree reaches 60 mete
rs. The bark color is brown and reddish brown in the inside. The trunk
will emit lime aroma when being cut. Lime leaves are single and
interspersed, have stipules on the armpit side, with leaf surfaces glowing
, and secondary leaf bones pinnate very tightly with stipules shaped line
and very easy to shed. Medium-sized flowers, the petals are of the same
size, have elliptical crowns, bloom, white waxy, and have 30 stamens.
The Cretaceous tree has 5 large, shiny, and winged fruits. Lime plants
(Dryobalanops aromatica) grow in mixed dipterocarp forests height of
300 meters above sea level. The spread of this rare plant starts from
Indonesia (island Sumatra and Kalimantan) and Malaysia (Peninsular
Malaysia, Sabah, and Sarawak). In addition to producing camphor, the
Lime Tree can also be used as wood building materials, shipping, walls
and floors because they have good wood quality.
KAPUR WOOD IDENTIFICATION
Name Kayu Kapur / Chalk wood
Local Name
Other Name
Latin Name
Family
Native area
Tree Structure Height reaches 40 m, branch-free length 15-30 m, diameter can reach 150 cm.
Cylindrical and straight rod shape, buttresses can reach 3 m
Tree Figure
KAPUR WOOD IDENTIFICATION
Color Wood terraces are red / brown red and sapwood almost white to light yellow
Texture and fiber direction Somewhat rough & evenly distributed
Impression of Touch Slippery
Density/ Specific Gravity 0,94
-Maximum
-Minimum
0,63
-Average 0,81
Durability Hard to preserved, but easy to be penetrated
Durability Level II-III
Strength Level II-(I)
Expansion Medium
Bending strength Low
Hardness Medium
Character of usage Bit difficult
Drying easy but often cracking on the tip
Function Building wood, plywood, wood tools, floors, boards, shipping wood, door & window frames
