University of Management and Technology

Course Outline
Course code: EE423 Course title: Power System Protection

Program BSEE

Credit Hours 3

Duration One Semester

Prerequisites EE317 Power System Fundamentals

Resource Person Fahad Usman Khan

Muhammad Haris

Counseling Timing See office door

(Office # 7, Hall #
510, SEN Building )

[email protected]
Contact [email protected]

Chairman/Director signature………………………………….

Dean’s signature…………………………… Date………………………………………….

Course Outline Page 1

Introduction:
Power System Protection is the branch of power system concerned with the principles of design and
operation of equipment called Relays, which detects abnormal power system conditions, and initiates
corrective action as quickly as possible in order to return the power system to its normal state.

Learning Objective:
Students who complete this course will have gained a theoretical and applied understanding of power
system protection. The performance of instrument transformers, transducers, protective relays, and circuit
breakers is first addressed. These devices are then integrated into coordinated
protective systems for generators, transformers, transmission lines, reactors, capacitor banks, system
buses, etc. Although basic protection concepts are hardware-independent, the application of
electromagnetic, solid state, and microprocessor-based relays will also be discussed. Trade-offs
between reliability, selectivity, speed, simplicity, and economy are emphasized.

Learning Outcomes:
 Knowledge and understanding
Having successfully completed the course, the student will be able to demonstrate knowledge and
understanding of:
 The various types of protection systems.
 The types of protective relays.
 Performance and design calculations for transformers and generator protection schemes.
 Instrument transformer selection.
 Types of protective devices and their choices.
 Unit and non-unit protection systems.

 Cognitive skills (thinking and analysis).

Students are allowed and encourageto make seminars on various topics in power system protection
schemes with comprehensive discussions.

 Communication skills (personal and academic).

Having successfully completed the module, student will be able to:
 Appreciate the importance of protective relays in power systems.
 Compare and contrast the operation of different types of protective schemes.

Course Outline Page 2

  Derive equations related to the different protection methods.
 Formulate relevant equivalent circuits of the protection schemes to analyze their actual
behavior.
 Identify different types of protective relays and their applications.
 Analyze simple problems related to protection schemes.

 Practical and subject specific skills (Transferable Skills).

Having successfully completed the module, the student will be able to:
 Choose among the different types of protection schemes to suit a given application task.
 Explain the operation and performance of different types of protective relays.
 Apply engineering studies for different types of power system protection.
 Interpret results and correlate them with theoretical predictions
 Write a technical repots.

Teaching Methodology:
Lectures will be used to describe and develop the concepts stated above.

Group tasks will be given to enhance interactive learning.

Industrial visits will be arranged to further strengthen the basic concepts and to increase practical
exposure.

Grade Evaluation Criteria

Following is the criteria for the distribution of marks to evaluate final grade in the semester.

Marks Evaluation Marks in percentage

Sessional (Quizzes + Assignments) 25%

Mid Term 25%
Final exam 50%
Total 100%

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Recommended Text Books:
 Fundamentals of power System Protection by Y.G. Paithankar and S. R. Bhide

Reference Books:
 Protective Relaying principles and application, 3rdedn. By J. Lewis Blackburn and Thomas J.
Domin
 Power System Relaying, 3rdedn. By Stanley H. Horowitz and Arun G. Phadke

Course Outline Page 4

 Calendar of Course contents to be covered during semester

Course code: EE423 Course title: Power System Protection

Textbook
(TB) /
Lectures Topics
Reference
Readings(RB)
INTRODUCTION
02 Faults and Abnormal Operating Conditions , Classification of Shunt Faults, Ch # 01 of TB
Abnormal Operating Conditions , Evolution of Power Systems, Protection
System and Its Attributes, system Transducers
02 OVER-CURRENT PROTECTION OF TRANSMISSION LINES
0ver-current Relay, Application of Definite Time OC Relays for Protection Ch # 02 of TB
of a Distribution Feeder, Application of Inverse Definite Minimum Time
Relay on a Distribution Feeder, Directional Over-current Relay
03 DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
Simple Differential Protection, Zone of Protection of the Differential Relay, Ch # 03 of TB
Percentage Differential Relay, Earth Leakage Protection
04 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
Phasor Diagram for a Three-phase Transformer, Equivalent Circuit of Chap # 04 of TB
Transformer, Types of Faults in Transformers, Inter-turn Faults in
Transformers, Incipient Faults in Transformers, Transformer Protection
Application Chart, An Illustrative Numerical Problem
05 BUSBAR PROTECTION Chap # 05 of TB
Differential Protection of Busbars, External and Internal Fault, Actual
Behaviour of a Protective CT, Circuit Model of Saturated CT, External
Fault with One CT Saturated: Need for High Impedance
Busbar Protection, Minimum Internal Fault That Can Be Detected by the
High, Impedance Busbar Differential Scheme
Mid Term Exam
04 DISTANCE PROTECTION OF TRANSMISSION LINES
Drawbacks of Over-current Protection, Introduction to Distance Protection, Chap # 06 of TB
Simple Impedance Relay, Reactance Relay, Mho Relay, Comparison
Between Distance Relays, Distance Protection of a Three-phase Line
03 INDUCTION MOTOR PROTECTION
Introduction, Various Faults and Abnormal Operating Conditions, Starting Chap # 07 of TB
Current, Electrical Faults, Abnormal Operating Conditions from Supply
Side, Abnormal Operating Conditions from Mechanical Side,
04 STATIC COMPARATORS AS RELAYS Chap # 09 of TB
Comparison vs Computation, Amplitude Comparator, Phase comparator,
Duality Between Amplitude and Phase Comparators, Synthesis of Various
Distance Relays Using Static Comparators, Development of an Electronic
Circuit for Implementing a Cosine-type Phase Comparator

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05 NUMERICAL PROTECTION Chap # 010 of TB
Introduction, Block Diagram of Numerical Relay, Sampling Theorem,
Correlation with a Reference Wave, Fourier Analysis of Analogue Signals,
Least Error Squared (LES) Technique, Reasons for Inaccuracy of Distance
Relay Reach, Three-stepped Distance Protection
End Term Exam (Comprehensive)

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