IS 1997:2008

ISO 385:2005

Indian Standard
LABORATORY GLASSWARE — BURETTES
( Third Revision)

ICS 71.040,20

@ BIS 2008

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
August 2008 Price Group 7
 Glass, Glassware and Laboratoryware Sectional Committee, CHD 10

NATIONAL FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (Third Revision) which is identical with ISO 385:2005 ‘Laboratory glassware —
Burettes’ issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) was adopted by the
I b,
Bureau of Indian Standards on the recommendation of the Glass, Glassware and Laboratoryware
Sectional Committee and approval of the Chemical Division Council.

This standard was first published in 1961 and then subsequently revised in 1967 and 1982. During
this revision, the Committee felt that it would be more convenient to prepare this standard by adoption
of ISO 385:2005 on dual number basis.

The text of ISO Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as an Indian Standard without
deviations. Certain conventions are, however, not identical to those used in Indian Standards.
Attention is particularly drawn to the following:

a) Wherever the words ‘International Standard’ appear referring to this standard, they should
be read as ‘Indian Standard’.

b) Comma (,) has been used as a decimal marker, while in Indian Standards, the current
practice is to use a point (.) as the decimal marker.

In this adopted standard, reference appears to certain International Standards for which Indian
Standards also exist. The corresponding Indian Standard which are to be substituted in their
respective places are listed below along with their degree of equ~v.alence for the editions indicated:

International Standard Corresponding hdian Standard Degree of

Equivalence

ISO 384 : 1978 Laboratory glassware IS 8729 : 1977 Principles of construction Technically
— Principles of design and and adjustment of volumetric glassware” Equivalent
construction of volumetric glassware

ISO 719 : 1985 Glass — Hydrolytic IS 2313 (Part 1/ Sec 1) : 1994 Grading do
resistance of glass grains at 98°C — glass alkalinity: Part 1 Hydrolytic
Method of test and classification resistance, Section 1 Hydrolytic resistance
of glass grains at 98°C — Method of test
and classification

ISO 4794:1982 Laboratory glassware IS 11469:1985 Methods for assessing the do

— Methods for assessing the chemical chemical resistance of enamels used for
resistance of enamels used for colour colour coding and colour marking
coding and colour marking

The technical committee responsible for the preparation of this standard has reviewed the provisions
of following International Standards referred in this adopted stdndard and has decided that they are
acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard:

/nternationa/ Standard Title

ISO 4787:1984 Laboratory glassware — Volumetric glassware — Methods for use and
testing of capacity

ISO 8655-3:2002 Piston-operated volumetric apparatus — Part 3: Piston burettes

BIS Certification Marking clause is given in National Annex A.

(Continued on third cover)

 IS 1997:2008
ISO 385:2005

Indian Standard
LABORATORY GLASSWARE — BURETTES
( Third Revision)

1 Scope

This International Standard provides metrological and construction requirements for an internationally
acceptable series of burettes, suitable for general laboratory purposes.

The details specified are in accordance with the principles of design and construction of volumetric glassware
giveil in ISO 384.

NOTE For piston burettes,see ISO 8655-3.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

1S0 384:1978, Laboratory glassware — Principles of design and construction of volumetric glassware

ISO 719, Glass — Hydrolytic resistance of glass grains at 98 “C — Method of tesf and classification

ISO 4787:1984, Laboratory glassware — Volumetric glassware — Methods for use and tesfing of capacify

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

3.1
delivery volume
volume of liquiddischarged from a volumetricinstrument,such as a burette

NOTE Due to retention of liquid on the inner surface of the volumetric instrument, the volume of liquid delivered IS not
identical with the volume of liquid contained by the volumetric instrument

3.2
delivery time
time required for the descent of the liquid meniscus from the zero line to the lowest graduation line of the
volumetric instrument

3.3
waiting time
time to be observed after apparent completion of the liquid delivery of the volumetric instrument and before
the final reading of the delivered volume is taken

NOTE A waiting time applies for burettes Class AS (see 5.2)

1
IS 1997:2008
ISO 385:2005

4 Basis of adjustment

4.1 Unit of volume

The basic unit of volume shall be the millilitre (ml), which is equivalent to one cubic centimetre (cm3).

4.2 Delivery volume

Burettes shall be adjusted with water to deliver their volume (Ex), from the zero line to any graduation line, the
outflow being unrestricted until approaching the final position of the meniscus, For burettes with a waiting time
(Class AS), 30s shall elapse before final setting of the meniscus.

4.3 Reference temperature

The standard reference temperature, i.e. the temperature at which the burette is intended to deliver its
nominal volume (nominal capacity), shall be 20 “C.

When the burette is required for use in a country which has adopted a standard reference temperature of
27 ‘C (the alternative recommended in ISO 384 for tropical use), this value shall be substituted for 20 “C.

5 Types and classes of accuracy

5.1 Classes of accuracy

Two classes of accuracy are specified:

Class A (subdivided into Classes A and AS) for the higher grade;

— Class B for the lower grade.

5.2 Types of burette

The following two types of burette are specified:

--- that for which no waiting time is specified (Classes A and B);

–- that for which a waiting time of 30 s is specified (Class AS).

6 Maximum permissible errors

6. I Errors in the delivered volume .sha!! not exceed the limits given in Table 1. These limits represent the
maximum permitted error at any point on the scale, and also the maximum permissible difference between the
errors at any two points.
 IS 1997:2008
ISO 385:2005

Table 1 — Capacities, subdivisions and maximum permissible error

Maximum permissible rxror

Nominal capacity Subdivision
Classes A and AS
I Class B
ml ml ml ml

1 0,01 k 0,006 * 0,01

2 0,01 * 0,01 * 0,02

5 0,01 * 0,01 t 0,02
5 0,02 * 0,01 i 0.(32

10 I 0,02 I k 0.02 I * 0.05 I

10 ,1 0,05 I * 0,03 I * 0,05 I
25 0,05 f (),()3 * 0,05
25 0,10 * 0,05 *O,1O
50 0,10 * 0,05 *ollo
100 0,20 *O,1O * 0,20

6.2 If burettes are required with nominal capacities and/or subdivisions other than those listed in Table 1,
they shall conform to the essential requirements of this International Standard.

The relationships between maximum permissible error and capacity, as well as between maximum
permissible error and meniscus diameter as given in ISO 384:1978, Annex A and Annex B, shall be observed.

7 Material

Burettes shall be manufactured from glass of chemical resistance and thermal properties at least to HGB3 in
accordance with ISO 719, shall be as free as possible from visible defects, and shall be free from internal
stress. If the burette is of Schellbach tubing, the coloured stripe on the back of the burette shall be durable
and shall not exceed 40 ‘A of the circumference of the tube.

NOTE The durability of coloured enamel stripes can be assessed by the test methods specified in ISO 4794.

Some components of burettes may be manufactured from, or have mmponents manufactured from, &itable
inert materials such as ceramics or plastics (see 8.3).

8 Construction

8.1 Dimensions

Burettes may be supplied with an auto-zero device and liquid storage reservoir. In this case the overall length
of the burette when assembled to the reservoir should not exceed 1 050 mm.

Burettes not provided with such a filling device shall comply with the dimensional requirements shown in
Table 2.

3“

.
IS 1997:2008
ISO 385:2005

Table 2 — Dimensional requirement

Nominal capacity Subdivision Scale length OveraIl length

mm mm mm
ml ml min. max. max.

1 0,01 150 200 575

●
2 0,01 200 300 650

5 0,01 480 600 820

5 0,02 250 600 800

10 0,02 480 600 820

10 0,05 250 450 620

25. 0,05 480 600 820

25- 0,10 250 450 620

I
50 0,10 500 600 820
I
100 0,20 550 650 870

Distance of zero line from top of burette: > 50 mm

Distance of lowest graduation line from top of stopcock: >50mm

Length of tube of uniform bore below lowest graduation line: >20 mm

Distance of end of jet from underside of stopcock: >50 mm

8.2 Top of burette

The top of each burette, if not provided with a filling device, shall be smoothly finished with a strengthening
flange or bead which shall lie in a plane at right angles to the axis of the burette. Burettes with subdivisions of
0,05 ml or less, if not fitted with a filling stopcock, should preferably be finished with a cylindrical cup at the top.
Larger diameter burettes may be fitted with a funnel top for special purposes.

The length of the tube of uniform bore between the zero graduation line and the cup shall be at least 20 mm.

8.3 Stopcocks and similar devices

8.3.1 Stopcocks shall be of good quality construction to allow smooth and precise control of outflow, and to
prevent a rate of leakage greater than that allowed by 8.4. Suitable key-retaining devices should be fitted.

8.3.2 Stopcocks of conventional design, made entirely of glass, shall have the barrel and key finely ground
to a taper, usually of 1:10.

8.3.3 Stopcocks of other designs, whether glass or suitable inert alternative materials such as ceramics or
plastics, are allowed provided they comply with the requirements of 8.3.1,

8.3.4 Stopcocks used on Class A and Class AS burettes should preferably be integral with the burette and
have jets that form an integral part of the stopcock. If this is not the case, then for Class A and Class AS
burettes each removable component shall be clearly identified to link it to the nominal burette tube size for
which it is designed. For individually certified burettes, removable components shall clearly be identified
(typically with a permanently inscribed or printed number) to link them to the individual burette.
 IS 1997:2008
ISO 385:2005

8.4 Stopcock leakage

8.4.1 A stopcock of conventional design made entirely of glass or intended for use with grease shell be
tested for leakage with the burette clamped in a vertical position, the stopcock free from grease, the barrel and
key wetted with water, and the burette filled initially to the zero line with water. The rate of leakage, with the
key in either of the fully shut-off positions, shall not exceed one scale subdivision in the case of Class A or
Class AS burettes or two scale subdivisions in the case of Class B burettes, in 20 min.

C)ther all-glass stopcocks shall be subjected to similar tests with their component parts free from grease and
wetted with water.

8.4.2 In addition to this test, a double-bore stopcock shall nc)t show a rate of leakage greater than that given
above when tested similarly with the burette empty, the key of the stopcock in the normal delivery position and
the filling tube connected to a suitable graduated tube filled with water to a level of 250 mm above the zero
line of the burette.

8.4.3 If the stopcock is of such material that it is intended for use without grease, it shall be tested in a
similar manner. The rate of leakage shall not exceed one-half of one scale subdivision in the case of Class A
or Class AS burettes, or one scale subdivision in the case of Class B burettes, in 50 min.

8.4.4 For all leakage tests, in order to ensure a sufficiently accurate determination, precautions shall be
taken to avoid large temperature changes (and evaporation) during the period of test.

NOTE The leakage tests specified above are suitable for specification and referee purposes. For many other
purposes, a quicker test may be necessary, in which case a vacuum leakage arrangement is suitable. Such a test is not
suitable for specification purposes owing to the difficulty of standardizing all the conditions. Any particular quick test
apparatus can be calibrated by the use of several bqt@tes whose leakage rates have been determined by means of the
leakage test specified above.

8.5 Delivery jet

8.5.1 The jet shall be made from either thick-walled capillary tubing or a suitable inert plastic material and, if
it forms an integral part of the burette, shall have no cavity at the join likely to trap air bubbles,

8.5.2 The jet shall be solidly manufactured with a smooth and gradual taper, without any sudden
constriction at the orifice which could give rise to a turbulent outflow.

The end of the jet shall be finished by one of the following methods, in order of preference:

a; smoothly ground with the plane of the tip at right angles to the axis, slightly bevelled on the outside and, if
desired, fire-polished;

b) rnoulded, with the plane of the tip at right angles to the axis and slightly bevelled on the outside;

c) cut at right angles to the longitudinal axis and fire-polished.

A fire-polished finish reduces the danger c]f chipping in use, but should not result in constriction, as indicated
in the first sentence of this subclause, or in undue stress, as indicated in Clause 7.

8.6 Delivery time

The delivery time (see 3.2) of the burette shall be determined with water, with the stopcock fully open and with
the jet not in contact with the side of the receiving vessel.

The dellvery time determined in this way shall be within the specified limits (see Table A.1 or B. I), In the case
of a detachable jet, the appropriate delivery time shall apply when the correct jet is fitted in accordance with
the manufacturer’s instructions.

5
 I .— — .—. -.-- ———-. . . .- - ,--, ,—--—-

1S 1997:2008
I
ISO 385:2005

8.7 Waiting time

The waiting time (see 3 3) for Class AS burettes shall be as specified in Annex B. This period of waiting is
critical to the accuracy of the reading and shall be observed.

NOTE A wa!t!ng time usually need not be observed when performing a titration, since establishing the end-point of
the tltrahon will In general take more time than the specified waiting time (see ISO 4787:1984, 10.4).

9 Graduation, figuring and patterns

9.1 Graduating patterns

All burettes shall be graduated as detailed in ISO 384:1978, Clauses 8, 9 and 10.

Graduation pattern I applies to Class A burettes;

Graduation pattern II applies to Class AS burettes;

(lraduabon pattern Ill applles to Class B burettes.

Graduation pattern II may also be used for Class B burettes

9.2 Position of graduation lines

9.2.1 On burettes graduated according to pattern 1, the ends (preferably the right-hand end) of the short
graduation lines shall lie on an imaginary vertical line down the centre of the front of the burette. The lines
themselves should preferably extend to the left when the burette is viewed from the front in the position of
normal use.

9.2.2 On burettes graduated according to pattern II or [II, the mid-points of the short and medium graduation
Ilnes shall lie on an imaginary vertical line down the centre of the front of the buretie, when the burette is
viewed from the front in the position of no-real use.

9.3 Marking of graduation lines

9.3.1 All burettes shall be marked downwards from zero at the top, at the intervals shown in Table 3.

Table 3 –- Figuring of graduation lines

Smallest scale division, ml

1-Numbered at every ,. m –--------R--!-%H-%+%

9.3.2 Numbers shall be placed immediately above the long lines to which they refer, and slightly to the right
of the end of the adjacent shorter scale-division Ilnes. In the case of graduation pattern Ill, the numbers may
be placed slightly to the right of the enci of the iine to which they refer, in such a way that an extension of the
Ilne ‘would bisect them.

‘IO Setting of the meniscus

10.1 For burettes constructed from clear glass tubing, the meniscus shall be set in accordance with
1s0 384”1978, 5.4.

10.2 Fcir burettes constructed from $;cbellbach tubing, the meniscus shall be read at the point of contact of
the tips of the apparent two armvneads created by the disto’hon of the rear dark stripe by the meniscus.

G
 IS 1997:2008
ISO 385:2005

fl Markings

f 1.1 The following shall be marked on each burette:

a) The symbol “ml” or the symbol “cmY to indicate the unit in terms of which the burette is graduated

b) The inscription “20 “C” to indicate the reference temperature; in places where, exceptionally, the
reference temperature is 27 “C, this value shall be substituted for 20 ‘C.

c) The letters “Ex” to indicate that the burette has been adjusted to deliver its indicated capacity.

d) The inscription “A, “AS” or “B to indicate the class of accuracy for which the burette has been adjusted.

e) On “AS” burettes, the waiting time, in the form “EX + 30 s“.

f) The manufacturer’s and/or vendor’s name or mark

11.2 If required by legal metrology, the following additional information shall be marked on Class “A” and
Class “AS” burettes intended for official verification or certification.

a) An identification mark on the burette tube, which shall be repeated on all removable parts such as the
stopcock, the handle of the stopcock key and the jet if the jet does not form an integral part of the
stopcock.

b) The delivery time, in seconds, may optionally be marked on the burette body

c) Except for burettes made from soda-lime glass, an identification of the type of glass used.
This requirement is satisfied by the manufacturer’s name or trademark if the coefficient of thermal
expansion is published in his catalogue.

11.3 The maximum permissible error according to Table 1 may optionally be marked on all burettes, for
example by the inscription “t ml”.

12 Visibility of graduation lines, numbers and inscriptions

12.t A!! numbers and inscriptions shall be of such size and form as to be clearly legible under normal
conditions of use.

12.2 All graduation lines, numbers and inscriptions shall be clearly visible and permanent

NOTE The permanence of marking can he asse>sed by the test methods specified m 1S0 4794

7’
IS 1997:2008
ISO 385:2005

Annex A
(rtormative)

Burettes for which no waiting time is specified

A.1 General

This annex specifies additional requirements and testing for burettes, for which no waiting time (see 8.7) is
specified. These burettes may be adju$ ted to Class A or Class B accuracy.

A.2 Requirements

The capacity corresponding to any graduation line is defined as the volume, in millilitres or cubic centimetres,
of water delivered by the burette at 20 ‘C when emptied from the zero line to that graduation line, the outflow
being unrestricted until approaching the, final setting of the meniscus on the graduation line, no period being
required for drainage of liquid adhering to the wall before making the final setting.

A.3 Test method

A.3.I The burette shall observe the maximum permissible error in accordance with Table 1, when tested,
using pure water and following the procedure given in ISO 4787:1984, 10.4.

A.3.2 When Class A burettes are issued with an individual certificate, they shall be tested before the
issuance of the individual certificate as follows:

-- burettes manufactured from standard drawn tubing shall be tested at five points on the scale, nominally
20 Y., 40 ?4., 60 ‘k, 80 % and 100 “h of full capacity;

–- burettes manufactured from “precision bore” tubing shall be tested at least at three points on the scale,
nominally 20 ‘A, 6004 and 100 “A of full capacity.

NOTE “Precisicn bore” tubing is manufactured by drawing over a mandrel or by similar means, to ensure lengthwise
unlforrnlty of its bore

A.3.3 Class B burettes shall be tested at two points on the scale, nominally 207. and 100 % of full capacity,
on representative samples from each batch.

8
 IS 1997: 20(38
ISO 385:2005

AA Delivery times

The delivery times for burettes without waiting time shall be as specified in Table A.1.

Table A.1 — Delivery times

Nominal Subdivision
I I
Delivery times
capacity I Class A Class B

I
Ill
ml ml

0,01 I
s
min.

20
I
I
s
max.

50 I
min.
s

20 I
s
max.

50

12 I 0,01 I 15 I 45 I 10 I 45
5 0,01 20 75 20 65
5 0,02 20 75 20 65

I 10 I 0,02 I 75 I 95 I 40 I 95
I 10 I 0,05 j 75 I 95 I 45 I 75
25 0,05 70 100 30 70
25 0,10 35 75 30 70
50 0,10 50 100 40 100
100 0,20 60 100 30 100

.
I

I IS 1997:2008
ISO 385:2005

Annex B
(nOr~ative)

Burettes for which a 30s waiting time is specified

B.1 General

This annex specifies additional requirements and testing for burettes for which a waiting time (see 8.7) of
30 seconds is specified. These burettes have been designated as type AS (see 5,2) and are adjusted to the
accuracy specified in Table 1 of this International Standard.

B.2 Requirements

The capacity corresponding to any graduation line is defined as the volume, in millilitres or cubic centimetres,
of water del]vered by the burette at 20 “C when emptied from the zero line to that graduation line, the outflow
“being interrupted when the meniscus has come to a few millimetres above the graduation line. Final setting is
made to the graduation line after a waiting time of 30 s.

B.3 Test method

B.3.I The burette shall observe the maximum permissible error in accordance with Table 1, when tested
using pure water and following the procedure given in ISO 4787:1984, 10.4.

B.3,2 Class AS burettes shall be tested in accordance with A 3,2

BA Delivery times

The delivery times for type AS burettes shall be as specified in Table B 1

Table B.f — Delivery times for Class AS burettes

Nominal capacity \ Subdivision I Delivery time

ml ml
s
min I s
max I

I
10 0,05 35 45
—— —.... —
25

25

50 4 ——-—
0,05

0,10

0,10
35

35

35
45

45

45

10
 IS 1997:2008
ISO 385:2005

F3.5 Waiting time

T+e waiting time for all type AS burettes shall be 30 s. This period of waiting is critical to the accuracy of the
i earling and shall be observed.

NOTE A wa!tlng time usually need not be observed when pcrfo!ming a titration, since establishing the end-point of
the tlti-atmn WIIIin general take more time than the specfied walt!ng ?/me (see ISO 4787.1984, 10.4).

11
IS 1997:2008
ISO 385:2005

Bibliography

[1] !S0 8655-3, Piston-operated volumetn”c apparatus — Part 3: Piston burettes

[2] ISO 4794, Laboratory glassware — Methods for assessing the chemical resistance of enamels used
for colour coding and colour marking

12
h...
I
)

IS 1997:2008
ISO 385:2005
NATIONAL ANNEX A
(Nafiona/ Foreword)

A-1 BIS CERTIFICATION MARKING

The product may also be marked with the Standard Mark.

A-1.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards
Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The details of conditions under which the
Iicence for the use of the Standard Mark may be granted to manufacturers or producers may be
obtained from the Bureau of Indian Standards.

13
 .

MGIPFA I I D.@ of B[S/ 08— 1408 06—300 Books

(Continued frornseconcf cover)

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the
final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in
accordance with IS 2 : 1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of
significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value
in this standard.

.
 Bureau of Indian Standards
“l
61S is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promote
harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods
and attending to connected matters in the country.

Coflyright

61S has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any
form without the prior permission in writing of 61S. This does not preclude the free use, in course of
implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade
designations, Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), 61S.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are
also reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review
indicates that no changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up
for revision. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest
amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of ’61S Catalogue’ and ‘Standards: Monthly
Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Dot: No. CHD 10(1 567).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amendment No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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