MARKING SCHEME( COMPARTMENT) 2018

SET 55/3

Q.NO. VALUE POINTS/ EXPECTED ANSWERS MARKS TOTAL

MARKS
SECTION A
1 The power of a lens equals to the reciprocal of its focal length( in meter). ½

Also accept

1 ½
p
f (meter )

Do not deduct mark if student does not write the word meter.

( Alternatively 1
Power of a lens is the ability of conversion /diversion of the rays incident on
the lens.)

SI Unit: Dioptre(D)

1 1

3 Normal : Circular ½

At an angle of 300 it will follow helical path ½ 1

4 2eV 1 1
V 
m

5 From few MHz to 30-40 MHz 1 1

SECTION B

SET 55/3 Page 1 of 22

6
(a) One use 1
(b) One example each ½+ ½

1
(a) used to destroy cancer cells

(b) (i)The region, between the plates of a capacitor, connected to time

varying voltage source,has a displacement current but no conduction current. ½

(ii) The wires, connected to the plates of a capacitor, joined to a time varying
or steady voltage source, carry a conduction current but no displacement ½
current.

( Alternatively

A circuit, having no capacitor in it, and carrying a current has conduction

current but no displacement current. )

Formula ½
(i) Frequency of first case ½
(ii) Frequency of second case ½
Ratio ½

We have

h  E f  Ei
½
E E
 02  02
nf ni
1 1 3 ½
(i ) hv1  E0 ( 2  2 )  E0 
1 2 4
1 1 1 ½
(ii ) hv2  E0 ( 2  2 )  E0 
2  4
v
 1 3
2 ½ 2

Finding the Work function 1

Finding the Frequency of incident light 1

SET 55/3 Page 2 of 22

We have

W  h 0 ½
 6.63 1034  8 1014 J
6.63 1020  8

1.6 1019
 3.315 eV ½

We have

h  W  eVs ½
 (3.315  3.3)eV
6.615 1.6 1019
  Hz
6.63 1034 2
 1.596 1015 Hz ½

OR

Calculating
(i) Energy of a photon ½+½
(ii) Number of photons emitted ½+ ½

Energy of photon= h
½
34
 6.63  10  6.0  10 J
14

 3.978 1019 J
½
 2.49eV

power
Number of photons emitted per second =
energy of photon ½

2.0 103 J / s

3.978 1019 J ½
 5.03 10 photons / sec ond
15

SET 55/3 Page 3 of 22

9 (a)Definition ½
Relation ½
(b) Identification of A and B ½+ ½

½
(a) Measure of the response of magnetic material to an external magnetic field.
Also accept

M

H

We have
½
   r  1
½
(b) 0.96 : Diamagnetic ½
500 : Ferromagnetic
2

10

SHM nature of oscillation of the wire AB ½

Expression for instantaneous magnetic flux ½
Expression for instantaneous induced emf ½
Qualitative explanation ½

½
The wire AB would oscillate in a simple harmonic way

We can write
x  a cos t
(as x  a at t  0)

Therefore Instantaneous magnetic Flux ½

 (t )  Blx (l  AB)

Instantaneous induced emf

d ½
e(t )    aBl sin t
dt

The induced emf, therefore varies with time sinusoidally. ½

( Alternatively

Arm AB executes SHM under the influence of restoring force developed in

the spring, consequently an induced emfis produced across the ends of
SET 55/3 Page 4 of 22
 moving armAB which varies sinusoidally.)

(Give full credit for the above part if the student explains qualitatively
without using mathematical equations)
2

SECTION C
11 Labelled circuit diagram –1
Working as a voltage amplifier - 2

Working as a voltage amplifier:

When a small sinusoidal voltage (with amplitude ) is connected in series with ½

the dc bias voltage supply, , the base current will have sinusoidal variations
super imposed on the value of .
½
As a result, the collector current will also have sinusoidal variations super imposed
on the value of .

This results in corresponding sinusoidal variations in the value of the output ½

voltage .

These sinusoidal variations in output voltage are an amplified version of the

½
corresponding variations in the input voltage. This implies that the transistor can
be used as a voltage amplifier.

(Note : Give 1 mark to those students also who only draw either this circuit
diagram or the circuit diagram given below:

SET 55/3 Page 5 of 22

12
a) Writing the truth table –1
b) Photodiode and its operation – 1 + 1

(a) The inputs of the third gate are and . Hence the truth table is as
given below.

A B C

0 0 1 1 0

0 1 1 0 0

1 0 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1

(Note: The student need not write the columns for and in her/ his answer)
(b) A photodiode is a special purpose junction diode fabricated with a
½
transparent window to allow light to fall on the diode.

Incident light, with photon energy greater than the energy gap of the semi-
conductor, generates electron -hole pairs. The magnitude of the photo current ½
depends on the intensity of intensity of incident light.
½
The photodiode is usually operated under reverse bias conditions.
½
This is because this makes it easier to detect changes in light intensity and makes
3
the photodiode work as a detector of optical signals.

13
a) Drawing the plot –1
Marking the relevant regions - ½ + ½

b) Finding values of a and b – ½+ ½

1
a)

For r > , the force is attractive ½

For r < , the force is repulsive ½

a) We have,
1 + 235 = a + 94 + 2 X 1
½
a = 236 – 96 = 140

SET 55/3 Page 6 of 22

 Also

0 + 92 = 54 + b + 2 X 0

b = 92 – 54 = 38 ½ 3

14
Statement of equation with explanation of symbols – 1

Expression for

i. Planck’s constant -1
ii. Work function -1

Einstein’s photoelectric equation is

½

(Also accept if the student writes

W = work function of photosensitive material

= Stopping Potential)

From Einstein’s photoelectric equation, we have

Slope of the given graph = ½

Intercept on the y – axis = ½

= or ½

SET 55/3 Page 7 of 22

 and - or ½

15
(a) Two points of difference ½ + ½ Mark
(b) Formula ½ Marks
Calculation of wavelength 1½ Mark

(a)

Any two point of difference :

Interference Diffraction

Fringes are equally spaced. Fringes are not equally spaced.

Intensity is same for all maxima Intensity falls as we go to successive ½+½

maxima away from the centre.

Superposition of two waves Superposition of a continuous family

originating from two narrow slits. of waves originating from each point
on a single slit.

Maxima along an angle /a for two Minima at an angle of /a for a
narrow slits separated by a single slit of width a.
distance a.

(b)

Let D be the distnce of the screen from the plane of the slits.

We have

λD
Fring width β  ½
d

In the first case

λD
β or βd  λD …………………………………………….. (i)
d ½

In the second case

λ(D - 0.05)
(β - 30  10 - 6 )  or (β - 30  10 - 6 )d  λ(D - 0.05) …………………….. (ii)
d ½

Subtracting (ii) from (i) we get

30 × 10-6 × d =  x 0.05

SET 55/3 Page 8 of 22

 30  10 -6  10 3
λ m
5  10  2

 λ  6  10 -7 m  600 nm ½
3

16
Writing the two loop equations ½ + ½ Mark
Finding the current through DB 1½ Marks
Finding the p.d. between B and D ½ Mark

Using Kirchoff's voltage rule, we have :

For loop DABD

I1 × 1 + (1) + (-2) + 2I1 + 2(I1 + I2) = 0

½
Or 5I1 + 2I2 = 1 ...... (i)

For loop DCBD

+ I2 × 3 + (3) + (-1) + I2 + 2(I1 + I2) = 0

½
Or 2I1 + 6 I2 = -2 ....(ii)

Solving (i) and (ii), we get

I1 = A
½
I2 = A
½

Current through DB = I1 + I2 = A ½
3
 P.D. between B and D = 0.154 V ½

17
(a) Statement of Biot-Savaart law ½ Mark
Its vector form ½ Mark
(b) Obtaining the required expression 2 Mark

a) According to Biot Savart law :

 
The magnitude of magnetic field dB , due to a current element d l , is

(i) proportional to current I and element length, dl

(ii) inversely proportional to the square of the distance r.

SET 55/3 Page 9 of 22

  
Its direction is perpendicular to the plane containing d l and r . ½

In vector notation,

 
μ0 dl  r ½
dB  I
4π r 3

(b)

 
μ0 dl  r
We have dB  I
4π r3

r2 = x2 + R2
½
μ I dl
 dB  0
4π (x  R 2 ) 3/2
2


We need to add only the components of dB along the axis of the coil.

μ0 Idl
Hence, B =  4π (x 2
 R 2 ) 3/2
cos θ .

μ0 (I dl) R
=  4π (x 2
 R 2 ) 3/2
.
½

μ0 I R 2
= .
2(x 2  R 2 ) 3/2
½ 3
μ0 I R 2
 B î
2(x 2  R 2 ) 3/2

18
a) Ray diagram –1
b) Obtaining
i. mirror formula –1½
ii. expression for liner magnification – ½

SET 55/3 Page 10 of 22

a) Ray Diagram

From similar triangles and MPF, we have

or ( since PM = BA)

From similar triangles and ABP, we have

½
Hence

Now

BP =

½
This is the mirror formula.

Linear magnification =

From similar triangles and ABP, we get

Linear magnification

½
3

SET 55/3 Page 11 of 22

19

a) Intensity of linearly polarized light – ½

Dependence on orientation –½

Explanation -1

b) Graphical representation -1

𝐼
(a) The intensity of the linearly polarized light would be 0⁄2.
No; it does not depend on the orientation. ½

Explanation : The polaroid will let the component of the unpolarized light, parallel ½
to its pass axis, to pass through it irrespective of its orientation.

(b) We have 𝐼 = 𝐼0 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃

∴ The graph is as shown below

20
(a) Definition of SI unit Of current 1
(b) Explanation of the force of attraction ½
Finding the resultant force acting on the third conductor 1½

(a) The ampere is the value of that steady current which, when
maintained in each of the two very long, straight, parallel conductors
of negligible cross-section, and placed one metre apart in vacuum,
would produce on each of these conductors a force equal to 2 × 10–7 1
newton per metre of length.
(b) The wire (b) experiences a force due to the magnetic field caused by
the current flowing in wire (a).

SET 55/3 Page 12 of 22

 The magnetic field at any point on the wire (b) due to the current in wire (a)
½
is is perpendicular to the plane of two wires and pointing inwards and hence
force on it will be towards wire (a). Similarly force on wire (a) will be
towards wire (b). Hence two wires carrying currents in same direction attract
each other.

Force on wire (3) due to wire (1)

0 I a I c
 towards right
d 
2   ½
2

Force on wire 3 due to wire 2

 
 I I 
 0 b c  towards left
 2  d   ½
  2
  

Net force on wire 3

0 I c
  I  I  towards right ½
d a b

Also accept

0 I c
  I  I  towards left
d b a

Note: please do not deduct last 1/2 mark if the student does not write the
direction of force.
3

21

Obtaining Expression for the equivalent

(i) resistance 1
(ii) emf 2

SET 55/3 Page 13 of 22

 1 1 1
 
r r1 r2
r1r2
r 
r1  r2 ½

I  I1  I 2
V  E1  I1r1 and V  E2  I 2 r2 ½
 E  V   E2  V 
I   1  
 r1   r2 
 E r  E2 r2   r1r2 
V  1 2 I  ½
 r1  r2   r1  r2 
also V  Eeq  Ireq ½
Eeq E1 E2
   ½
req r1 r2

22

Definition of Electric flux 1

SI unit ½
Formula (Gauss’s Law) ½
Calculation of Charge within the cube 1

Electric Flux is the dot product of electric field and area vector. 1

Also Accept

𝐸 . ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝜑 = ∮ ⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑠

SI Unit : Nm2/C or volt -meter ½

For a given case

  1  2   Ex (at x  2a )  Ex  at x  a   a 2
   2a     a   a 2
  a3
 100   0.1  0.1 Nm 2 / C
3

½
But

q
 ½
0
 q   0  8.854 1012 101 C
 0.8854 pC ½

SET 55/3 Page 14 of 22

 OR

Relevant formulae 1
Calculation of time taken by the electron 1
Calculation of time taken by the proton 1

We have

Force =qE

qE
Acceleration a = ½
m

Also

1 2
s at as u  0
2
2s
t  ½
a

(i) For the electron

eE ½
a
m
3  102  9.11031
t 
1.6 1019  2.0  104
 2.92 ns ½

(ii) for proton

2  1.5  102 1.67 10 27
t ½
1.6 1019  2 10 4
 0.125 s ½ 3

SECTION D
23

(a) Name of e.m. radiation ½ Mark

(b) Method of production ½ Mark
(c) Range of wavelength 1 Mark
(d) Two values 1 + 1 Marks

SET 55/3 Page 15 of 22

 (a) X-rays ½
(b) By using X-ray tubes ½
(Alternatively : By bombarding a metal target with high energy electrons)
(c) Wave length range of X-rays is from about (10 nm to 10-4 nm) 1
(d) Alertness, empathy; concern for her mother, knowledgeable (any two) (1 + 1)
4

SECTION E
24 a) Drawing the two graphs ½+½
b) Drawing the phaser diagram 1
c) i) Naming the devices ½+ ½
ii) Calculating the current flowing 2

a) The two graphs are as shown

½+½

b) (The current leads the voltage by an angle ϴ where 0 < ϴ < ). The
required phaser diagram is as shown.

[Here ϴ= tan-1

( C) In device X:

Current lags behind the voltage by

½
X is an inductor.

In device Y:

Current is in phase with the applied voltage

SET 55/3 Page 16 of 22

 X is a resistor. ½

We are given that

0.25 =

or = = 880
½
Also 0.25 = 0.25 =

= = 880
½
For the series combination of X and Y,

Equivalent impedance = )
½

Current flowing = ½
5

OR

a) Principal of working – 1
b) Defining efficiency – 1
c) Any two factor – ½ + ½
d) Calculating the current drawn - 2

a) A transformer works on the principle of mutual induction.

(Alternatively – an emf is induced in the secondary coil when the magnetic
flux, linked with it changes with time due to ta (time) changing magnetic 1
flux linked with the primary coil).

b) The efficiency of a transformer equals the ratio of the output power to the
input power. 1
:

Efficiency =

or Efficiency

c) i) Eddy current losses

ii) joule heat losses ½+½

iii) hysteresis losses

iv) magnetic flux leakage losses

(Any two)

SET 55/3 Page 17 of 22

 d) We have ½

= 90% = 0.9

= 0.9 ½

= =9
½

= = A

= A

= 0.0056A ½

25
a) Explaining the two processes- 1+1
Defining the two terms - ½+½

b) Circuit diagram –1
Working –1

a) The two important processes are diffusion and drift ½

Due to concentration gradient, the electrons diffuse from the side to the
p side and holes diffuse from the side to the side. ½

Due to the diffusion, an electric field develops across the junction. Due to the field,
an electron moves from the p-side to the n -side, a hole moves from the n-side to
½
the p-side. The flow of the charge carriers due to the electric field, is called drift.

Depletion region:
It is the space charge region on either side of the junction, that gets depleted of
free charges, is known as the depletion region.
½

Potential Barrier
The potential difference, that gets developed across the junction and opposes the
diffusion of charge carries and brings about a condition of equilibrium, is known as
the barrier potential. ½

SET 55/3 Page 18 of 22

 b) The circuit diagram is as shown

Working

In forward bias condition, the direction of the applied voltage is opposite to the
barrier potential. This reduces the width of the depletion layer as well as the
1
height of the barrier. A current can, therefore, flow through the circuit. This
current increases (non- linearly) with increase in the applied voltage.

OR

a) Describing the three factors – 3

b) Drawing the wave forms – 2

a) It is necessary to modulate the audio frequency signals because of the

following three reasons:
i. Size of the antenna or aerial
½
This size needs to be comparable to the wavelength of the signal.
It would be unmanageably long for audio frequency signals. ½

ii. Effective power readiated ½

2
Power radiated, being proportional to would be very small for
½
a audio frequency signal.

iii. Mixing up of different signals

The audible frequency range is quite small. Hence if ½
transformisson is done at audio frequencies, the chances of mixing
up of different signals are very high. ½

b) The required wave forms are as shown

i. Carrier wave
ii. Modulating Signal
iii. Amplitude Modulated wave

SET 55/3 Page 19 of 22

 ½

1 5

26
(a) Finding the electrostatic potential 2 Marks
(b) Finding the work done 1 Mark
(c) Effect of change of path 1 Mark
(d) Potential energy of the system 1 Mark
(with justification in each case)

(a) We have, for a point charge,

1 q
V=
4 0 r

(i) At point (0, 0, z) :

Potential due to the charge (+q),

1 q ½
V+ =
4 0 ( z  a)

Potential due to the charge (-q),

1 (q)
V- =
4π 0 (z  a)

q  1 1 
Total potential at (0, 0, z) =
4π 0 z  a  z  a 
 

-2qa
= ½
4 0 ( z 2  a 2 )

(ii) At point (x, y, 0)

Potential due to the charge + q

1 q
V+ =
4π 0 x 2  y2  a 2

SET 55/3 Page 20 of 22

Potential due to the charge (-q)

1 -q ½
V- =
4π 0 x 2  y2  a 2

Total potential at (x, y, 0)

 
q  1 1 
=   0
4π 0  x 2  y 2  a 2 x 2  y2  a 2  ½
 

Give full credit of part (ii) if a student writes that the point (x,y,0) is equidistant
from charges +q and –q, Hence total potential due to them at the given point will
be zero.

(b) Work done = q [V1 - V2] ½

V1 = 0 and V2 = 0
½
 work done = 0

Where V1 and V2 are the total potential due to dipole at point (5,0,0) and (-7,0,0)

(c) There would be no change ½

This is because the electrostatic field is a conservative field. ½

( Alternatively : The work done, in moving a test charge between two given points
is independent of the path taken)

(d) The two given charges make an electric dipole of dipole moment ½
 
P.E. in position of unstable equilibrium (where p and E are antiparallel to each
other)
½
= + pE = 2 aq E

OR

(a) Finding the total energy before the capacitors are connected 1 Mark

(b) Finding the total energy in the parallel combination 3 Marks

(c) Reason for difference 1 Mark

(a) We have
Energy Stored in a capacitor = ½

1 1
Energy stored in the charged capacitors E1 = C1 V12 And E2 = C 2 V22
2 2

SET 55/3 Page 21 of 22

 1 ½
 Total energy stored = C1V12  C 2 V22
2

(b)Let V be the potential difference across the parallel combination.

Equivalent capacitance = (C1 + C2)

½

Since charge is a conserved quantity, we have

½
(C1 + C2)V = C1V1 + C2V2

 C V  C 2 V2  1
V=  1 1 
 (C1  C 2 ) 

Total energy stored in the parallel combination

½
1
= (C1  C 2 )V 2
2

1 (C1V1  C 2 V2 ) 2 ½
=
2 (C1  C 2 )

(c) The total energy of the parallel combination is different (less) from the 1
total energy before the capacitors are connected. This is because some
energy gets used up due to the movement of charges during sharing of 5
charge.

SET 55/3 Page 22 of 22