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Settlement of Soil - Calculation

The document describes the properties of 3 soil strata layers with depths ranging from 6.5m to 25m. It then calculates the bearing capacity of the soil as 8.024 t/sqm and estimates the settlement from the layered soil using integration and Simpson's rule. The total settlement is estimated as 162.2mm which exceeds the allowable settlement of 125mm. Therefore, the allowable bearing capacity is reduced to 6 t/sqm.

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Abhijit Bhattacharjee
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478 views4 pages

Settlement of Soil - Calculation

The document describes the properties of 3 soil strata layers with depths ranging from 6.5m to 25m. It then calculates the bearing capacity of the soil as 8.024 t/sqm and estimates the settlement from the layered soil using integration and Simpson's rule. The total settlement is estimated as 162.2mm which exceeds the allowable settlement of 125mm. Therefore, the allowable bearing capacity is reduced to 6 t/sqm.

Uploaded by

Abhijit Bhattacharjee
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS STRATUM ARE:-

Layer No:- 1 : Bottom Level- 6.50 M


Cohesion:- 0.35 kg/sqcm Friction Angle:- 0.0 Degree
Young's Mod:- 105 Kg/sqcm Coeff. of vol dec:- 0.0319 sqcm/kg
Poisson's Ratio:- 0.35 Geological Factor:- 0.90

Layer No:- 2 : Bottom Level- 11.20 M


Young's Mod:- 110 Kg/sqcm Coeff. of vol dec:- 0.0000 sqcm/kg
Poisson's Ratio:- 0.25 Geological Factor:- 1.00

Layer No:- 3 : Bottom Level- 25.00 M


Young's Mod:- 160 Kg/sqcm Coeff. of vol dec:- 0.0000 sqcm/kg
Poisson's Ratio:- 0.25 Geological Factor:- 1.00

SAMPLE BEARING CAPACITY CALCULATIONS

Allowable Settlement =125 mm


Foundation Depth = 2.0 M
Foundation Width =40.0 M

A. BEARING CAPACITY
Contributing layers for average C and Phi determination are-
Stratum- 1 to Stratum- 3 : From 2.00 M to 25.00 M
Sigma [Ci.Hi] = 1.575 Te.M
Sigma [Hi.Tan(Oi)] = 0.000 M
Effective Thickness = 4.50 M
Effective Cohesion = 1.575/ 4.50 = 3.50 Te/sqm
Effective Friction = ArcTan [0.000/ 4.50]= 0.0 Degree

Bearing Capacity Factors are:-


Nc = 5.150 Nq = 1.000 N = 0.000
Depth Factors Are :-
Dc = 1.020 Dq = 1.000 D = 1.000
Selected L/B Ratio = 1.0, Therefore Length = 40.0 M
Shape Factors are:-
Sc = 1.194 Sq = 1.000 S = 0.600
Correction Factors for the Position of Water Table are :-
R1 = 0.500 R2 = 0.500

Qu = C.Nc.Sc.Dc + q.Nq.Sq.Dq.R2 + 0.5.R1.Y.B.N.S.D - q


= 20.06 Te/sqm
Therefore Qs = Qu/F.O.S. = 20.06/2.5 = 8.024 Te/sqm

B. SETTLEMENT CALCULATIONS
Contributing Layers for Settlement Calculations are :-
Stratum- 1 to Stratum- 3 : From 2.00 M to 25.00 M

STRATUM- 1 , No of Divn= 4 , Thickness= 4.5 M


So thickness of each division = (4.5/4) = 1.125 M
Vertical stress at z depth at corner of a uniformly loaded rectangular
area,  z is calculated using Boussinesq’s equation presented by
Newmark(1955) as given below:
Where, m = (b/z) and n = (l/z).

Here, b = Foundation Width / 2 = 20 M, l = Foundation Length / 2 = 20 M


And q = Qs = 8.024 Te/sqm.
Hence, Using the above equation, Vertical Stress at 2.25m below
foundation = 8.014Te/sqm.

Similarly vertical stress at each division is calculated and presented


in the table below:
-------------------------------------------
Sl.No Dist from Ftg Vertical Stress
Bottom, z below centre
M Te/sqm
-------------------------------------------
1 0.00 8.024
2 1.125 8.021
3 2.25 8.014
4 3.375 7.995
5 4.50 7.958
-------------------------------------------

From the above vertical stress values at different depths, P, has been
calculated using Simpson’s 1/3rd rule:
P = [(1.125/3)x{(8.02+7.96)+4x(8.02+7.99)+2x(8.01)}]/4.5 = 8.01 Te/sqm

Hence, Immediate Settlement = P(1-µ2)H/E = 30.12mm

Applying a Rigidity Factor of 0.75, Average Immediate Settlement = Si


= 0.75 x 30.12 mm = 22.59 mm
Consolidation Settlement is calculated as P.H.mvc.G = 103.485mm.

Applying a Rigidity Factor of 0.75, Average Consolidation Settlement =


Sc = 0.75 x 103.485 mm = 77.61 mm
So average Total Settlement = St = Si + Sc = (22.59+77.61) = 100.2 mm.

For Stratum- 1 by Integration P =0.801 kg/sqcm


Average Immediate Settlement = Si = 22.6 mm
Average Consolidation Settlement = Sc = 77.6 mm
Average Total Settlement = St = Si + Sc =100.2 mm
Cummulative Settlements are:-

Immediate component= Si = 22.6 mm


Consolidation component = Sc = 77.6 mm
Total upto this = St =100.1 mm

STRATUM- 2 , No of Divn= 4 , Thickness= 4.7 M


-------------------------------------------
Sl.No Dist from Ftg Vertical Stress
Bottom below centre
M Te/sqm
-------------------------------------------
1 4.50 7.96
2 5.68 7.90
3 6.85 7.81
4 8.02 7.70
5 9.20 7.57
-------------------------------------------

For Stratum- 2 by Integration Delta P =0.779 kg/sqcm


Average Immediate Settlement = Si = 23.4 mm
Average Consolidation Settlement = Sc = 0.0 mm
Average Total Settlement = St = Si + Sc = 23.4 mm

Cummulative Settlements are:-


Immediate component= Si = 46.0 mm
Consolidation component = Sc = 77.6 mm
Total upto this = St =123.6 mm

STRATUM- 3 , No of Divn= 4 , Thickness= 13.8 M


-------------------------------------------
Sl.No Dist from Ftg Vertical Stress
Bottom below centre
M Te/sqm
-------------------------------------------
1 9.20 7.57
2 12.65 7.04
3 16.10 6.40
4 19.55 5.71
5 23.00 5.05
-------------------------------------------
For Stratum- 3 by Integration Delta P =0.636 kg/sqcm
Average Immediate Settlement = Si = 38.6 mm
Average Consolidation Settlement = Sc = 0.0 mm
Average Total Settlement = St = Si + Sc = 38.6 mm

Cummulative Settlements are:-


Immediate component= Si = 84.6 mm
Consolidation component = Sc = 77.6 mm
Total upto this = St =162.2 mm

Fox's Depth Correction Factor as per I.S.8009(Part-I)= 1.00


Cummulative Settlement =162.2x 1.00 = 162.2 mm
Allowable Settlement = 125 mm
Settlement is more than allowable limit

Allowable bearing capacity = Qs.Sl/St = 8.0x125/162.2


= 6.2 Te/sqm, say 6t/sqm

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