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Agriculture 10th SST

Indian agriculture relies heavily on monsoon rains and is characterized by different farming seasons and practices. The majority of Indians engage in subsistence farming using traditional methods on small plots of land. Commercial farming on larger scales uses modern techniques for higher crop yields. Key reforms like the Green Revolution increased production through irrigation and inputs while institutional reforms consolidated land holdings and provided credit and insurance for farmers.

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12K views1 page

Agriculture 10th SST

Indian agriculture relies heavily on monsoon rains and is characterized by different farming seasons and practices. The majority of Indians engage in subsistence farming using traditional methods on small plots of land. Commercial farming on larger scales uses modern techniques for higher crop yields. Key reforms like the Green Revolution increased production through irrigation and inputs while institutional reforms consolidated land holdings and provided credit and insurance for farmers.

Uploaded by

A Tech
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MIND

Agriculture
Two-third of Indian population engaged in agriculture

Types/Farming Practices

Primitive Subsistence Farming Intensive Subsistence Farming Commercial Farming


Farming done on small patch of land Small pieces of land are heavily cultivated Farming done on large scale with
with primitive tools for self consumption by using modern methods of agriculture modern farm inputs for high production

Plantation
Cropping Pattern Large scale farming of a single crop
Pattern of crops grown depends on crops seasons e.g. tea, coffee plantation

Type of Crop Seasons

Rabi Kharif Zaid


Crops sown in winter (Oct-Dec) and Sown with onset of monsoon (June-July) Crop sown in between Rabi and
harvested in Summer (April-June) e.g. wheat and harvested in Oct-Now e.g. rice Kharif season e.g. watermelon

Major crops in India

Food Crops Beverage Crops Other Crops Non- food crops

Rice Kharif Tea Annual Crop Sugarcane Annual crop Rubber


Wheat Rabi Coffee Oil seeds Fibre corp
Groundnut (Kharif) Mustard (Rabi)
Maize Kharif Jute
Pulses any season
Millets any season
Cotton Kharif
Horticulture Crops any season

Reforms in Agriculture

Technical Reforms Institutional Reforms

Green Revolution White Revolution Collectivisation Consolidation of Abolition of Creation of


Use of modern To increase Small farms gathered Land Holdings Zamindari cooperative
means of irrigation the dairy output to form a large farm Putting together fragmented System societies
and agricultural where farmers pieces of land of farmers
inputs to increase work collectively
production

Other Reforms

Land Development Programme Minimum Support Price Establishing agricultural Issuing Kisan Credit Special weather bulletins
Provision of crop insurance, Price at which government universities and Indian Cards to farmers and agrobased programs
establishing Grameen banks, buys essential agricultural Council of Agricultural
co-operatives products from farmers Research

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