Computer Science important short questions 1st year (ICS)

1- What is meant by information technology? Chapter # 1

2- Write some applications of information technology.
3- Define digital convergence.
4- What is computer hardware?
5- Define computer.
6- What is software? Define system and application software.
7- Differentiate between data and information.
8- Define utility software.
9- What is light pen?
10- What is touchpad or trackpad?
11- What is difference between mouse and trackball?
12- Define input device.
13- What do you know about pen-based system?
14- Write use of stylus.
15- Identify two alternatives of mouse.
16- What is touch screen?
17- What do you know about QWERTY?
18- Define barcode. OR what is bar code reader?
19- What is use of MICR?
20- Define smart card.
21- What is use of CTRL key?
22- What is magnetic strip card?
23- How does mouse work?
24- Define trackball.
25- Compare touch pad and touch screen.
26- Name four commonly used source data entry devices.
27- State basic use of digital camera.
28- What is use of OCR?
29- What is UPC?
30- What are non-impact printers?
31- Define impact printers.
32- What is plotter?
33- List two types of video capture cards.
34- What is printer?
35- How printer resolution is measured?
36- What is video adopter?
37- Why resolution is important for display screen?
38- Write two differences between Softcopy and Hardcopy.

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39- Define SVGA.
40- Define bit and byte.
41- Convert 128 bits into bytes.
42- Convert 145 MB of memory into bytes.
43- List different components of SDLC.
44- What is meant by implementation?
45- State the purpose of data gathering.
46- Write use of written documents?
47- What is system? List components of system.
48- Why it is important to test system before use?
49- What are types of testing?
50- Why we need training of users for a new system?
51- Give two uses of email. Chapter # 2
52- Define telecommunication.
53- What is workgroup computing?
54- Define internet.
55- Define term Arpanet.
56- What is difference between intranet and extranet?
57- State the purpose of FTP.
58- What is uploading and downloading of data?
59- Write purpose of Gateway.
60- What is Bridge?
61- What is NIC?
62- What is DSL? Write its two advantages.
63- What is ARCnet?
64- What do you mean by router?
65- Write essential components of network system.
66- List any two LAN protocols.
67- What is groupware?
68- Distinguish between LAN and WAN.
69- What is TCP/IP?
70- Write two advantages of LAN.
71- What is difference between client and server?
72- What is dedicated server?
73- What is peer to peer model?
74- What is difference between Defacto and Dejour standards.
75- What is CASMA/CD?
76- Define term token.
77- Define Star, Tree and Mesh topologies.
78- Why terminators are used in buss topology?

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 79- Enlist different layers of OSI model.
80- State purpose of data link layer.
81- Write two functions of network layer.
82- Write function of session layer.
83- Define function of physical layer.
84- What is function of presentation layer?
85- What is purpose of transport layer?
86- What is data communication? Chapter#3
87- List different components of data communication.
88- What is encoding/decoding?
89- Define signal.
90- What is difference between digital and analog signal?
91- Write two characteristics of analog signal.
92- Define data representation in computer.
93- Define ASCII, BCD and Unicode.
94- Define EBCDIC.
95- Differentiate between simplex and half duplex mode.
96- What is difference between serial and parallel data transmission.
97- What is synchronous and asynchronous data transmission?
98- Define term Baseband.
99- Define Bandwidth.
100- Define broadband.
101- Define refraction.
102- Write at least two characteristics of fiber optics.
103- What is communication media?
104- Define mobile communication.
105- How does microwave system work?
106- What is communication satellite?
107- What is difference between internal and external modem?
108- How does modem work? OR what is Modulation/Demodulation?
109- What is use of fax modem?
110- Why computers are used in marketing? Chapter#4
111- What is use of message handling system?
112- State the purpose of ATM.
113- How computers can be used in departmental store?
114- What is use of computer in stock exchange?
115- Write purpose of document management system (DMS).
116- Define desktop publishing.
117- Define reprographics.
118- Describe e-banking or electronic banking.

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119- Define term video conferencing.
120- Define e-commerce.
121- What is Robot? Write its uses.
122- What is CAD?
123- What is CAM?
124- What is computer simulation?
125- How computers can be used in airline system?
126- Describe CBT.
127- Write two benefits of CAL.
128- How computer can be useful in weather forecasting?
129- List any two applications of computer in education.
130- Define DMA. Chapter#5
131- What is stored program computer? OR Van Neumann computer architecture?
132- What is computer architecture?
133- Define CPU.
134- Write any two functions performed by ALU.
135- What is motherboard?
136- Define main memory.
137- What do you know cache memory?
138- What is difference between primary and secondary memory?
139- What is I/O unit?
140- What is CU?
141- Why RAM is called volatile memory?
142- What is difference between SRAM and DRAM?
143- What is ROM?
144- What is EPROM?
145- Describe use of control bus?
146- Define system bus.
147- Define bus interconnection.
148- What is expansion bus?
149- How does bus width affect data transmission?
150- Define data bus.
151- What are interrupts?
152- How is data transferred from peripheral devices to computer?
153- Define register.
154- List some general purpose registers.
155- What is stack pointer register?
156- What are segment registers?
157- What is program counter?
158- What is accumulator register?

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159- What is instruction register?
160- What is instruction set?
161- What is instruction format?
162- Define Fetch-Decode-execute cycle.
163- Write purpose of data transfer instruction.
164- Describe computer program.
165- What is GUI?
166- What is language processor?
167- Define compiler.
168- Define interpreter.
169- What is assembler?
170- Differentiate between high level and low level language.
171- Why machine language program executes faster?
172- What is low level language?
173- What is difference between source-code and object-code?
174- How virus is activated in computer? Chapter # 6
175- What is biometrics?
176- Define pirated software.
177- How does virus spread through email?
178- What is logic bomb?
179- How does boot sector virus work?
180- What is Redlof?
181- List different types of viruses.
182- Define chernobal virus.
183- What is antivirus?
184- Write names id different antivirus programs.
185- Define term backup.
186- How we can protect our computer from virus?
187- Enlist some causes of spreading viruses.
188- What do you mean by computer security?
189- Who is hacker?
190- Why data protection is important?
191- What is meant by copyright?
192- Describe GUI operating system. Chapter # 7
193- Define command line operating system.
194- Give some examples of GUI operating systems.
195- Why does computer needs operating system?
196- List important functions of operating system.
197- What is purpose of Recyclebin?
198- Define desktop.

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199- Describe control panel.
200- Write two uses of start button.
201- Lit out four objects/components of operating system.
202- What is status bar?
203- What is my documents folder?
204- Explain the use of window explorer.
205- What is multitasking?
206- What is multiprocessing?
207- Distinguish between single user and multiuser operating system.
208- List different features of windows 2000.
209- Define primary partition.
210- Define extended partition.
211- Define print queue.
212- Define internet. Chapter # 10
213- List any two negative impacts of internet on society.
214- Define IP addressing.
215- What is website?
216- What is web publishing?
217- Define www.
218- What is web browsing?
219- What is use of web server?
220- Explain URL?
221- How web page is created?
222- What is search engine?
223- List names of some search engines.
224- What is difference between URL and website?
225- List names of some popular web browsers.
226- Describe web surfing.
227- What is email?
228- Define email address.
229- Which type of file can be attached with email?
230- What are advantages of email?
231- Write limitations of email.