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The Airframe

The aircraft is built with advanced composite materials to deliver a low radar profile and
strong airframe. Only 15% of the aircraft’s surface is metal, delivering stealth operation and
protection from radar-based systems. Pilots were included in design from the earliest stages to
develop a deliberately unstable airframe that can still be flown effectively. This delivers both
superior manoeuvrability at subsonic speeds and efficient supersonic capability to support the
widest range of combat scenarios.

Eurofighter Typhoon specifications

Max speed

Mach 2.0

Thrust

90kN from each of the two

Eurojet EJ200 turbojets

Length

15.96M

Max altitude

Above 55,000FT
Wingspan

10.95M

The Materials

 Carbon Fibre Composites

 Aluminium Lithium
 Titanium
 Glass Reinforced Plastic
 Aluminium Casting

Strong, lightweight composite materials were key to the design of Eurofighter Typhoon to
give it deliberate instability. Using them means the weight of the airframe is 30% less than for
traditional materials, boosting the range and performance as well as reducing the radar
signature.

General Materials

Carbon Fibre Composites

70%

Metals

15%

Glass Reinforced Plastics (GRP)

12%

Other Materials

3%

Production
Eurofighter Typhoon foreplane

The innovative production techniques developed for Eurofighter Typhoon have created a
whole new industry for the most effective use of advanced composite materials. These
provide greater tensile strength and more aerodynamic performance with less weight and
more reliability than traditional materials.

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The Twin Eurojet Engines

The Eurojet EJ200 engine

Developing leading-edge engine technology has been a key part of the Eurofighter Typhoon
project from the start. Four global companies have jointly developed the high performance
EJ200 power plants that each provide 90kN of thrust from a small lightweight engine with
high strength and high temperature capability.

The two-spool design with single-stage turbines drives the three-stage fan and five-stage HP
compressor with annular combustion with vaporising burners. This allows Eurofighter
Typhoon to cruise at supersonic speeds without the use of reheat for extended periods. The
engines deliver 1,000 flying hours without needing unscheduled maintenance through the use
of advanced integrated Health Monitoring for class-leading reliability, maintainability and
Through Life Cost.

Did you know?

After a 1,400 hour flight simulation, the Eurojet engine produces the same operating
performance as a brand new engine.

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Sensors

Sensor fusion is key to Eurofighter Typhoon's effective infrared sensor

Eurofighter Typhoon is at the forefront of sensor fusion technology and the sensor suite
continues to be upgraded to deliver enhanced detection and decision-making. Combining the
data from key sensors gives the pilot an autonomous ability to rapidly assess the overall
tactical situation and respond efficiently to identified threats.

Infrared Search and Track (IRST)

The PIRATE infrared sensor provides passive Air-to-Air target detection and tracking
performance in the IRST mode for covert tracking and Air-to-Surface operations in the
Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) mode.
Radar

The Captor-M mechanically scanned radar is a best-in-class radar, offering an extensive suite
of modes to meet customers’ operational requirements, as well as providing a very
competitive field of regard.

Captor-E is the future primary sensor on Eurofighter Typhoon and has a full suite of Air-to-
Air and Air-to-Surface modes. The capacious front fuselage of the Eurofighter Typhoon
allows the installation of Captor-E’s optimised array whose Field of Regard is some 50 per
cent wider than traditional fixed plate systems.

This wide field of regard offers significant benefits in both Air-to-Air and Air-to-Surface
engagements and given the large power and aperture available provides the pilot with much
enhanced angular coverage compared to fixed plate systems.

Air-to-Air Features

 Search Modes - Range While Search (RWS), Velocity Search (VS) and multiple target
Track While Scan (TWS)
 Lock-Follow Modes, which are tailored for long range tracking and short range
tracking for use in visual identification or gun attacks
  Air Combat Acquisition Modes allowing a choice of boresight, vertical scan HUD
field of view or slaved acquisition

Air-to-Surface Features

 Search Modes - Ground Map, High Resolution Map, Ground Moving Target
Identification and Sea Surface Search and Track While Scan
 Track Modes - Fixed Target Track and Moving Target Track
 Air-to-Surface Ranging

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The Cockpit

Inside The Eurofighter Typhoon cockpit

Throughout the design of the Eurofighter Typhoon, the needs of the single seat pilot have
been paramount. This has meant high levels of attention to the control and information
interfaces throughout the unique glass cockpit, from the head-up, head-down and head-out
systems to all-round vision. High workload situations were analysed to establish information
priorities and automate tasks.

The advanced cockpit design and layout is based on an extensive series of formal assessments
in a rapid prototype facility, undertaken by operational pilots from air forces flying the
Eurofighter Typhoon. Using and upgrading the advanced digital technology not only
enhances operation and survivability, but also simplifies aircraft maintenance.
Other features such as Direct Voice Input (DVI) and Hands On Throttle And Stick (HOTAS)
control functions have been implemented on the Eurofighter Typhoon to drastically reduce
the pilot’s workload. Voice + Throttle And Stick (VTAS) enables single pilot operations even
in the most demanding Air-to-Air, Air-to-Surface and swing-role missions.

Head up Display (HUD)

Pilot wearing a helmet mounted symbology system (HMSS)

The Eurofighter Typhoon’s wide angle head up display (HUD) provides the pilot with stable,
accurate, high integrity, low latency eyes-out guidance in a compact package. The fully digital
HUD offers high performance that is compatible with night vision and laser protection
goggles.

Head down display systems (MHDD)

Three full colour multi-function head down displays (MHDD) are used for the overall tactical
situation, presenting the attack situation, attack formats, map displays and air traffic
procedures, in addition to system status and checklists.

Helmet mounted symbology system (HMSS)

Eurofighter Typhoon utilises a unique Helmet Mounted Symbology System (HMSS),

alongside six other pilot display surfaces. HMSS provides flight reference and weapon data
aiming through the visor. It is fully compatible with night vision aids using light
intensification and Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) imagery. It offers pilots a significant
competitive advantage.

The helmet is composed of an outer helmet, inner helmet, optics blast/display visor, oxygen
mask, night vision enhancement camera and head position tracking system.
Navigation sensors

Hands on throttle and stick

(HOTAS) controls

The latest sensor technology supports automated and inherently covert operation down to
100ft. Eurofighter Typhoon’s navigation aids include a global positioning system (GPS) for
full digital interface with individual satellite tracking channels and improved anti-jam
capabilities. The package also includes an inertial navigation system with GPS. In addition,
the navigation system features integrated lateral cueing and vertical commands, ensuring safe
manoeuvre with 3D situational awareness.

Flight Control

The flight control system (FCS) is a full authority and quadruplex digital system which allows
carefree handling and manoeuvring in all situations. Its intuitive operation is designed to
enable the pilot to concentrate on the tactical tasks and to fly the aircraft 'head-up' in
combination with the HOTAS (Hand-on-Throttle-and-Stick) concept applied to cockpit
design. Automated Emergency recovery features have also been embodied in the system
design to ensure maximum safety of operation.
Multifunctional Information Distribution System (MIDS)

The Multifunctional Information Distribution System (MIDS)

The MIDS high capacity digital information distribution system allows secure exchange of
real-time data between a wide variety of users, including all the components of a tactical air
force and, where appropriate, land and naval forces.
Defensive Aids Sub System (DASS)

The DASS suite comprises wingtip Electronic Support Measures and Electronic Counter
Measures pods (ESM/ECM), missile warners, chaff and flare dispenser and an optional laser
warner.

Upgrades in computing power will support continuous protection from future threats, to
enhance Eurofighter Typhoon’s survivability and greatly increase overall mission
effectiveness.

Defensive Aids Sub System (DASS)

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Weapons

Avionul Eurofighter Typhoon suporta multiple configuratii de inarmare.

E echipat cu versiunea de Rachete Aer-Aer cu raza mica (SRAAM) si un tun de 27 mm

Mauser.De asemenea detine si rachete Aer –Aer cu tehnologia ”dincolo de raza vizuala”
(BVR), ce asigura pilotului un avantaj semnificativ in luptele aeriene de tip dogfight.

Ca varf al tehnologiei de inarmare a avionului, il reprezinta METEOR, arma avansata de raza

lunga care nu permite o zona de scapare a aeronavelor inamice si inutilitatea altor arme Aer-
Aer folosite de avionul inamic. Ghidare proiectilului e asigurata de un radar activ de cautare si
cu updaturi ale coordonatelor prin data link cu avionul.

” The Laser Designator Pod”(LDP) asigura locatia precisa a tintelor si ghidarea armelor de tip
Aer-Aer catre tinta.

Typhoon a fost de asemenea upgradat cu Paveway IV pentru a asigura nivele ridicate de

operationalitate si felixibilitate. Modul de lupta de tip dual si de ghidare, permite decizia de
distrugere a tintei sa fie facuta chiar in momentul lansarii rachetei.
Laser guided bomb being delivered

Eurofighter Typhoon will see the constant integration of new, smart weapons in accordance
with the demands of current and future customers.

Storm Shadow, Taurus, Small Diametre Bombs, Brimstone, Anti-Shipping Missiles are just
some of the upgrades planned.
Eurofighter Typhoon can remain on task for long periods of time with large, flexible weapons
loads including METEOR, AMRAAM, ASRAAM or IRIS-T

Eurofighter Typhoon can carry a vast range of Air-to-Surface weapons, including the new Storm
Shadow conventionally armed stand-off missile, the Brimstone anti-armour weapon and future
Precision Guided Weapons
A fully equipped pilot before a flight
Ejection Seat

The Mk 16A ejection seat on the Eurofighter Typhoon is 30% lighter than equivalent ejection
seats. This is achieved by combining the twin ejection gun outer cylinder tubes as both the
propulsion system and the seat’s primary structure. The narrow head box also contributes to
Eurofighter Typhoon’s excellent rear vision.

The seat integrates an on-board oxygen generation system (OBOGS) and communication
systems. The simplified combined harness allows unassisted strap-in, and the passive leg
restraint system avoids the need for the pilot to wear restraining garters. A second generation
electronic sequencer is also incorporated. Reliability and maintainability are key elements of
the design, with full access to in-cockpit components.

Cockpit Access
 A pilot entering the
Eurofighter Typhoon cockpit

Normal access to the cockpit is through either a telescopic integral ladder or an external
version. The integral ladder is stowed in the port side of the fuselage below the cockpit.

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Fuel System
Fuel system - Under wing tanks

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Fuel system - Under wing tanks

Throughout the aircraft flexible couplings connect the fuel pipework built into the three main
fuselage sections and wings. These provide a simple method to connect the fuel tanks, which
all have fuel-flow proportioners to maintain the centre of gravity alongside relief valves to
maintain air and fuel pressures. The intelligent computer-controlled fuel system ensures long-
range, flexibility and safety.
Featuresof the aircraft

Max speed

mach 2.0

Thrust

90 kN from each of the

two Eurojet EJ200 engines

Max altitude

Above 55,000 ft

Length

15.96 m

Span

10.95 m