1
Mathematics - A Level P3
Complex Numbers Exercise -1 [ with Answers / Argand diagrams]
1. The complex number ( 3- i ) is denoted by u. Its conjugate is denoted by u*.
(i) On argand diagram with origin O, Show the points A, B and C representing the complex numbers u, u*
and u*-u. respectively. What type of quadrilateral is OABC? [4]
*
(ii) Show your working and without using calculator, express u /u in the form x + iy, where x and y are real
numbers. [3]
3 1
(iii) By considering the argument of u*/ u ; prove that tan 1 2 tan 1 . W-15/ 31/ 32 [3]
4 3
SP-3/ Q9/2017
2. (a) Find the complex no. z, satisfying the equation: z*+ 1 = 2iz, where z*denotes the complex conjugate of z, Give
your answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real numbers. [5]
(b) (i) On a sketch of argand diagram, shade the region where points represent complex numbers satisfying the
inequities.
z 1 3i 1 and Ima z 3 , where ima z denotes the imaginary part of z. March-16/ 32/ Q10
[4]
(ii) Determine the difference between the greatest and least values of arg z for points lying in this region. [2]
3. (a) Solve the equation : i z2 + 2z – 3i = 0, Give your answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real
numbers. [5]
(b) (i) On a sketch of argand diagram, show the locus representing complex numbers satisfying the
equation : z z 4 3i [2]
(ii) Find the complex number represented by the point on the locus, where z is least. Find the modulus and
argument of this complex numbers giving the argument correct to two decimal places. [3]
S-16/ 32/ Q10
4. (a) Showing all your working and without use of a calculator, find the square root of a complex numbers 7-6 2 i.
Give your answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real and exact. [5]
(b) (i) On an argand diagram, sketch the loci of the points representing complex numbers w and z such that :
3
w 1 2i 1 and arg (z-1) = [4]
4
S-16/ 31/ Q10
(ii) Calculate the least value of w z for the points on these loci. [2]
5. Throughout this question the use of a calculator is not permitted. The complex numbers -1+3i and 2-i are
denoted by u and v respectively. In an argand diagram with origin O, the points A, B and C respresent the
numbers u, v and u + v respectively.
(i) Sketch this diagram and state fully the geometrical relationship between OB and AC. [4]
(ii) Find in the form x + iy, where x and y are real, the complex numbers u/v. [3]
3
(iii) Prove that angle AOB = S-16/ 33/ Q9 [2]
4
6. Throughout this question the use of a calculator is not permitted.
(a) Solve the equation: 1 2i w 2 4w (1 2i) 0 , giving your answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are
real. [5]
(b) On the sketch of an argand diagram, shade the region whose points represent complex numbers satisfying the
1 1
inequalities: z 1 i 2 and arg z W-16/31/ 32/ Q9
[5]
4 4
2
7. Throughout this question the use of a calculator is not permitted.
The complex number z is defined by z = 2 - 6 i. The complex conjugate of z is denoted by z*.
(i) Find the modulus and argument of z. [2]
(ii) Express each of the following in the form x + iy, where x and y are real and exact.
(a) z + 2 z*.
(b) z*/ iz [4]
(iii) On a sketch of an Argand diagram with origin O, Show the points A and B representing the complex
1
numbers z* and iz respectively. Prove that angle AOB is equal to W-16/33/ Q7 [3]
6
22 4i
8. The complex number w is defined by w
2 i 2
(i) Without using a calculator, show that w = 2+4i [3]
1 3
(ii) It is given that p is a real number such arg( w p) . Find the set of possible values of
4 4
p. [3]
(iii) The complex conjugate of w is denoted by w*. The complex numbers w and w* are represented in
Argand diagram by the points S and T respectively. Find, in the form z a k , the equation of circle
passing through S, T and the origin. S-15/31/ Q8 [3]
9. The complex number u is given by u = -1 + 4 3i
(i) Without using a calculator and showing all your working. Find the two square roots of u. Give your
answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real and exact. [5]
(ii) On an Argan diagram, sketch the locus of points representing complex numbers z satisfying the relation
z u 1 . Determine the greatest value of arg z for the points on this locus. S-15/32/ Q7 [4]
10. The complex numbers 1-i is denoted by u.
(i) Showing your working and without using a calculator, express i/u; in the form x + iy, where x and y are
real. [2]
(ii) On an Argand diagram, sketch the loci representing complex numbers z satisfying the equation:
z u z and z i 2 [4]
(iii) Find the argument of each of the complex numbers represented by the points of intersection of the two
loci in part(ii) S-15/33/ Q8 [3]
11. (a) It is given that (1 + 3i) w = 2 + 4i.
Showing all necessary working , prove that the exact value of w 2 is 2 and find arg (w2) correct to 3 significant
figures. [6]
(b) On a single argand diagram sketch the loci z 5 and z 5 z . Hence determine the complex numbers
i
represented by the points common to both loci, giving each answer in the form re . [4]
W-15/33/ Q9
9 3 9i
12. The complex number z is defined by z = . Find showing all working
3 i
(i) An expression for z in the form re , where r > 0 and
i
[5]
(ii) The two square roots of z, giving your answer in the form re i , where r > 0 and [3]
S-14/31/ Q5
3
13. (a) It is given that -1+ 5 i is a root of the equation :
z 2 z a 0 , where a is real. Showing your working, find the value of a, and write down the other complex
3
roots of this equation. [4]
w 1
(b) The complex numbers w has modulus 1 and argument 2 radian. Show that i tan . [4]
w 1 S-14/32/ Q7
3 5i
14. (a) The complex numbers is denoted by u. Showing your working, express u in the form (x+iy),
1 4i
where x and y are real. [3]
(b) (i) on a sketch of an Argand diagram, shade the region whose points represent complex numbers satisfying the
inequalities: z 2 i 1 and z i z 2 [4]
(ii) Calculate the maximum value of arg z for points lying in the shaded region. S-14/33/ Q7 [2]
15. Throughout this question the use of a calculator is not permitted.
The complex numbers w and z satisfy the relation:
zi
w=
iz 2
(i) Given that z = 1+ i, find w, giving your answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real. [4]
(ii) Given instead that w = z and the real part of z is negative, find z , giving your answer in the form x + iy,
where x and y are real. [4]
W-14/31/32/ Q5
16. The complex numbers w and z are defined by : w = 5+3i and z = 4+ i.
iw
(i) Express in the form x + iy , showing all your working and giving the exact values of x and y. [3]
z
3 1 1
(ii) Find wz and hence, by considering arguments, Show that tan 1 tan 1 [4]
5 4 4
17. (a)Without using a calculator, solve the equation: W-14/33/ Q5
3w+2iw* = 17 + 8i,
Where w* denotes the complex conjugate of w, give your answer in the form a+bi. [4]
(b) In an Argand diagram, the loci
1
arg( z – 2i) = and z 3 z 3i S-13/31/ Q7
6
intersect at the point P. Express the complex number represented by P in the form re i , giving the exact value of
and the value of r correct to 3 significant figures. [5]
18. (a) The complex number w is such that Re w > 0 and w+3w*=iw2, where w*denotes the complex conjugate of w.
Find w, giving your answer in the form x+iy, where x and y are real. [5]
(b) On a sketch of an Argand diagram, Shade the region whose points represent the complex numbers z which
1
satisfy both the inequalities z 2i 2 and 0 arg( z 2) . Calculate the greatest value of z for the points in
4
this region, giving your answer correct to 2 decimal places. S-13/32/ Q9 [6]
4
19. The complex numbers z = a + ib. The complex conjugate of z is denoted by z*.
Show that z z.z * and that (z-ki)*= z*+ki, where k is real. In an Argand diagram a set of points
2
(i)
representing complex numbers z is defined by the equation : z 10i 2 z 4i . [2]
(ii) Show by squaring both sides that : zz* 2iz * 2iz 12 0 . Hence show that z 2i 4 . [5]
(iii) Describe the set of points geometrically. . S-13/33/ Q7 [1]
20. Throughout this question the use of a calculator is not permitted.
(a) The complex numbers u and v satisfy the equation:
u + 2v = 2i and iu + v = 3
Solve the equation for u and v , giving both answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real. [5]
(b) On an Argand diagram, sketch the locus representing complex numbers z satisfying z i 1 and the locus
3
representing complex numbers w, satisfying arg(w-2) = . Find the least value of z w for the points on
4
W-13/31/32/ Q8
these loci. [5]
21. (a) Without using a calculator, use the formula for the solution of a quadratic equation to solve:
(2-i)z2 + 2z + 2 + i = 0 give your answer in the form a+ib. [5]
1
i
4
(b) The complex number w is defined by w = 2 e . In an Argand diagram the points A, B and C represent the
complex number w, w3 and w* respectively ( where w* denotes the complex conjugate of w). Draw the Argand
diagram showing the points A, B and C, and calculate the area of triangle ABC. [5]
W-13/33/ Q9
22. The complex number u is defined by u
1 2i
2
2 i
(i) Without using a calculator and showing your working express u in the form x + iy, where x and y are
real. [4]
(ii) Sketch an argand diagram showing the locus of the complex number z such that z u u [3]
23. The complex number u is defined by : u
1 2i S-12/31/ Q4
1 3i
(i) Express u in the form x + iy, where x and y are real. [3]
(ii) Show on a sketch of an Argand diagram the points A, B and C respectively the complex number u, 1 + 2i and
1 – 3i respectively. [2]
3
(iii)
1 1
By considering the argument of 1 + 2i and 1 – 3i, Show that tan 2 tan 3 S-12/32/ Q4 [3]
4
24. (a) The complex numbers u and w satisfy the equation : u – w = 4i and uw = 5. Solve the equations for u and w,
giving your answer in the form (x + iy), where x and y are real. [5]
(b) On a sketch of an argand diagram, shade the region whose points represent complex numbers satisfying the
inequalities z 2 2i 2 and Re 1 , where Re z denoted the real parts of z; arg z [5]
4
(c) calculate the greatest possible value of Re z for points lying in the shaded region. S-12/33/ Q10 [1]
5
25. The complex number 1+ 2i is denoted by u. The polynomial x 4 x 2 2 x 6 is denoted by p(x).
(i) Showing your working, verify that u is a root of the equation p(x)=0, and write down a second complex root of
the equation. [4]
(ii) Find the other two roots of the equation p(x) = 0. W-12/31/32/Q9 [6]
2
26. (a) Without using a calculator, Solve the equation iw2 = (2-2i) [3]
(b) (i) Sketch an argand diagram showing the region R consisting of points representing the complex number z
where z 4 4i 2 [2]
(ii) For complex numbers represented by the points in the region R, It is given that p z q and
arg z . Find the values of p, q, and , giving your answer correct to 3 significant figures. [6]
W-12/33/Q10
******
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Mathematics - A Level P3
Complex Numbers Answers
1. (i) OABC is a parallelogram [ AB OC ] 2. 1 2
(a) z = i
3 3
4 3
(ii) i (b) (i) Shaded region
5 5 2
(ii) tan 1 33.7
u 3
(iii) use arg = arg u - arg u
u
3. (a) ( 2 i) and ( 2 i) 4.
(a) 3 i 2
(b)(i) (b) (i)
Line l perpendicular
Locus of w is circle
bisector of OA is
with centre P(1,2),
the required locus.
r= 1
(ii) z is least at M. [Mid-point of OA] Locus of z is
OM
5 3
and arg OM = tan 1 36.87 (ii) Min w z AB AP BP ( 2 1)
2 4
5. 6. 1 2
(a) (-1+2i) or i
5 5
(b) z (1 i) 2
Interior of circle centre C(1, 1) and radius = 2 and
arg z Interior of AOB
4 4
(i) OB AC , OB and AC are parallel and equal.
1 i
u
(ii)
v
arg 1 i
u
(iii) AOB arg u arg v arg
v
3
tan 1 1
4
7
7. 8. (i) 2 + 4i = w
(i) z 2 2 ; arg z (ii) 6 p 2
3
(ii) (a) z + 2z = 3 2 6i
*
(iii) z 5 5
z 3 1
(b) i
iz 2 2
(iii) z* = 2 6i A
iz = 6 2i B
1
AOB arg z argiz arg
z
tan 1
iz 3 6
9. (i) 3 2i 10. 1 1
(i)
i
(ii) arg z = 106.4 or (1.86 radian) 2 2
(ii) Perpendicular Bisector of segment joining O(0,0)
and u(1,-1).
And Circle C (0,1) and r = 2
(iii) Point of intersection (2 + i) arg 26.6 and
(0,-1) and arg =
2
11. 7 1 12. i
Find w = i (i) z = 9e 3
5 5 5
i i
48 14 (ii) 3 e 6
and 3e 6
w2 i
25 25
13. (i) a = -12
2 2
48 14 Second complex root is 1 5i and 2
(i) w
2
2
25 25 (ii) w 1 , arg w = 2
14
arg w2 = tan-1 48 0.284 or ( 16.3 ) w = ( cos 2 i sin 2 )
w 1 cos 2 i sin 2 1
L.H.S. and proceed.
w 1 cos 2 i sin 2 1
(ii)
(i) circle centre
at O. and r = 5 14. (a) (-1-i)
(ii) is (b) (i) Circle C(2,1)
P
perpendicular bisector and radius = 1
of OP intersect at A b(ii) Reg
and B. OA = r,
Complex Number
Ans Point A and B
= z i z 2 Half plane of perpendicular bisector of
(0,1) and (2,0)
15. 3 1 3 1 16. 7 23
(i) i (ii)
i (i) i (ii) wz = (17 + 17i)
2 2 2 2 17 17
3 1
Use arg wz = arg w + arg z; tan 1 tan 1
4 5 4
8
17. (a) w = (7 – 2i)
18. (a) w = 2 2 2i
(b) z 3 z 3i perpendicular bisector of A(3,0),
(b) z 2i 2 is a circle C(0,2), r = 2
B(0,3) OP , arg (z-2i) =
6
Sine Rule
And 0 arg z (2)
i 4
P( z ) rei 6.69e 4
Half line AB, A(-2,0), arg , OB = z 3.7
4
19. (iii)Represent a circle with Centre at 2i and radius = 4 20. (a) u = (-2-2i) and v = (1+2i)
(b) z i 1 represents a circle. C(0,-1) and r = 1 and
arg(w-2) = is a half line
through A(2,0) and an angle .
Min
21. 4 3 22. 2 11
(a)
i and –i (i) u =
i
5 5 5 5
3
i i i 2 11
(b) w = 2 e 4 , w* = 2 e 4
and w3 = 8. e 4 (ii) z u u ; z i 5
5 5
Area
2 11
Circle Centre i and r = 5
5 5
23. 23. (iii) Now
tan tan 23
tan
(i) u =
1
1 tan tan 1 2 3
(ii) arg (1+2i) =
tan 1 1
3
arg(1-3i)= tan 1 2 tan 1 3
4
9
24. u 1 2i
(i)
u 1 2i
or
25. (i) 1 2i
w 1 2i w 1 2i (ii) (-1-i) , (-1+ i)
Greatest value of Re z is
at P = OQ
Now OP = OC + CP
=
OQ = OP . cos 45
26. (a) w = 2 2i
(b)(i) z (4 4i) 2 Circle C(4+4i) and r = 2
(ii) p z q
p = OC – CP = 4 2 2 3.66
q = 4 2 2 7.66
2
sin 1
0.424 radian
4 4
4 2
2
sin 1 1.15 radian
4 4 4 2
