The International Journal of Indian Psychology

ISSN 2348-5396 (e) | ISSN: 2349-3429 (p)

Volume 3, Issue 3, No.2, DIP: 18.01.035/20160303
ISBN: 978-1-365-03418-3
http://www.ijip.in | April - June, 2016

Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teacher’s: A Study

Dr. S. Vijayavardhini 1*, Mrs. T. Aruna Kumari 2

Keywords: Job satisfaction, Anganvadi Teacher, Life, Health.

Early childhood is one of the most crucial and formative period in the life of any individual.
Many psychologists believed that the first six years in the life of an individual is very significant
period in the developmental stages especially its lays foundation for healthy and wholesome
development of the personality. The research studies proved that pre-school education plays a
crucial role in the development of young children before they enter into formal schooling. The
pre-school education prepares the child for tomorrow and also helps in his/her cognitive
development. Pre-school education is considered to be very significant for the child as it is the
first step towards enterning into the world of knowledge as well as a healthy person. It aims at
satisfying the Childs physical, mental, emotional and social needs. Pre-school education helps in
laying down a healthy foundation for the all round development of the child. It allows the
children to expose their inner skills and talents, so that the children develop their personality. It
also provides opportunity to the children to give vent to their inner desires in a positive way.

Pre-school education teaches not only social skills to the children and also develops their ability
to adjust in its school environment and also teach them how to deal with bullies. Good Pre-
primary schools ensure the children to attend the school happily instead of avoiding and hesitant
to go to school due to bullies. Pre-school attract the children by providing toys, showing pictures
and by using play way method of instruction and also giving lot of freedom to them. Pre-
Schooling encourages group activities, at the same time they teach the importance of discipline.
A child to grow into a healthy, socially well adjusted individual, pre-school education is
essential.

Need of the study:

Teacher plays a pivot role in system of education as the saying goes ‘Teachers are the real
Architects a Nation’. The greatness of any country does not depends on huge buildings, gigantic
projects and on large armies, but it is on the quality of her citizens. It is the teacher who plays a
vital role in shaping the future citizens of a country by paying much attention on the young
1
Assistant Professor, Dravidian University, Kuppam
2
Research Scholar, Dept. of Education & HRD
*Responding Author
© 2016 I S Vijayavardhini, A Kumari; licensee IJIP. This is an Open Access Research distributed under the terms of
the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any Medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
 Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teacher’s – A Study

children who were entrusted to their care. The teacher is one who not only a interpreter of
culture and dispenser of knowledge but also builds right attitudes, Inculcate values and beliefs.
By noticing the importance of teacher, various commissions and committees made several
recommendations on teacher training from pre-school education to Higher Secondary Education.

In this context teacher’s job satisfaction is very much essential. In the field of education job
satisfaction is a crucial factor in promoting quality education. If the teachers are not happy in
their profession they may not disseminate proper knowledge, required skills to the students. In
view of Hippck Job Satisfaction is any combination is of psychological, physiological and
environmental circumstances that cause a person to faithfully say “I am satisfied with my Job”.
So it is very clear that any person in any job must be satisfied with their work. The satisfaction
in job will give better results in any organization. When we talk about education system,
Teacher’s play enamors role so that they should be satisfied in their job. Job Satisfaction of a
person is related to so many other areas like Job environment, Nature of job, co-workers, salary,
students so on and so forth, with all these dimensions a teachers Job Satisfaction is linked. As
we discussed earlier Pre-Primary education is the bed rock for the future of the child. A teacher
who teaches in Pre-Primary school i.e. Anganwadi School, who is called as Anganwadi teacher
or Anganwadi worker also need Job Satisfaction. Through various reach studies it is came to
know that may teachers from pre-school to university level that they are not satisfied with their
job. Therefore the researcher made an attempt to find out the job satisfaction of Anganwadi
teachers in Kuppam and Gudipalli mandals. These two mandals are named as backward mandals
in Chittoor District. Most of the people living in these mandals are illiterates and working in
fields as daily labourers and many are moving to nearby city to earn their livelihood. Parents
leave their children at home or in anganwadi centres and go to their work places. The Anganwadi
teachers are taking care of the many young children as and playing a vital role in looking after
and providing balanced food given by the government for them. Hence at this juncture the
researcher felt it in the need of the hour to find out the job satisfaction of Anganwadi teacher
working in Kuppam and Gudipalli mandal of Chittoor District.

OBJECTIVES:
1. To assess the level of Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi teachers.
2. To find out significant difference if any in the Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi teachers
with respect to their Age, Educational qualifications and Experience.
Hypotheses:
• There is no significant difference in the Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teachers due to
variation in their
i) Age.
ii) Educational qualification.
iii) Experience.

© The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN 2348-5396 (e)| ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) | 138
 Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teacher’s – A Study

METHODOLOGY
By noticing the purpose and scope of the study, the researcher adopted normative survey method.

Local and Sample of the Study:

To study the present problem the researcher selected Kuppam and Gudipalli mandals in Chittoor
District of Andhra Pradesh. There are 84 Anganwadi centers in the two mandals. For the
purpose of the study the investigator selected 50 Anganwadi centers by using “Simple Random
Sample Technique” the teachers who are working in the 50 selected mandals were considered as
sample of the study. Thus the total sample of the study is 50 Anganwadi teachers.

Tool:
After thorough review of research studies conducted by Amarnath Babu, (2003), Rao, (2005),
Kumar and Mathu, (2008), Reddy, (2007 and 2010) on Job Satisfaction, the researchers
developed her own tool and establish validity and reliability of the tool. The tool consisted of
five dimensions, i.e. i) Satisfaction with organization, ii) Satisfaction with the profession, iii)
Satisfaction with self, iv) Satisfaction with Stake holder, v) Satisfaction with the Supervisors and
co-workers.

Data Analysis:
Depending upon the nature of the study appropriate statistical techniques were employed like
percentages, ± 1 SD, Mean, SD, t-test and ‘F’ ratio.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teachers
One of the major objectives of the study is to assess the job satisfaction levels of Anganwadi
Teachers working in Kuppam and Gudipalli mandals. For this, the investigator has taken up item
wise analysis. Mean and SD for each item has been calculated. Based on mean ± 1 SD, the job
Satisfaction statements has been divided into three groups, i.e. low, moderate and high levels.
The same is presented in table-I and interpreted accordingly.
Table-1: Mean Job Satisfaction Scores and the Levels of Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi
Teachers
S. Mean Level of Job
Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teachers
No. Score Satisfaction
I. Satisfaction with the Organisation
I am happy with the favorable environment for
1. 4.6 M
working in my Anganwadi centre
It gives me pleasure in performing multiple roles in
Anganwadi Centre
2. 4.98 M

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 Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teacher’s – A Study

Due to work stress I am unable to fulfill my work

3. 4.1 M
properly
It gives me pleasure while teaching as the centre got
4. adequate teaching learning material, for example 4.6 M
toys which facilitate to work comfortably
5. Our Anganwadi centre has its own building. 2.88 L
I feel difficult in my Anganwadi centre due to more
6. 3.6 L
student strength
I feel it difficult to participate in each and every
7. 3.6 L
activity in the Anganwadi centre
II. Satisfaction with the Profession
Compare to other professions, Teaching is a
9. 4.92 M
dignified profession
I forget my sorrows and problems while I am
10. 4.9 M
working with children
11. I have self satisfaction in my profession 4.7 M
12. I am not happy satisfied with my profession 3.66 L
13. My works demands more, but paid only less salary 3.44 L
14. I am doing my work with sincerity and commitment 4.9 M
III. Satisfaction with the Self
15. Teaching Profession gives me self Satisfaction 4.98 M
16. Teaching in Anganwadi Centre is peaceful 4.88 M
17. I decided to continue in this profession 4.94 M
As I am providing good nutrition food to the
18. 4.96 M
children’s as per government rules I am satisfied
I am happy that the pregnant women the village are
19. 4.96 M
benefited out of my job
IV. Satisfaction with the stake-holders
It is difficult to deal with parents while conducting
20. 4.68 M
meeting in the Anganwadi Centre
I feel so difficult in my Anganwadi centre because
21. 2.6 L
we don’t have drinking water and toilet facilities.
I have sufficient time for recreation and looking after
22. 4.96 M
the welfare of my family.
23. I enjoy my work more than my leisure 4.98 M
Aya in the Anganwadi centre is not regular which is
24. 3.32 L
disturbing me to perform my job.
25. I am getting a salary commensurate with my work. 3.02 L
26. There are opportunities for promotion in my Job. 3.30 L
27. My friends and relatives pay due regard to my profession 4.94 M

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 Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teacher’s – A Study

V. Satisfaction with the Supervisors and Co-workers

My supervisors are providing adequate supportive
28. 4.96 M
system.
My colleges extend supportive system whenever
29. 4.26 M
needed.
I am able to develop rapport with my colleges and
30. 4.82 M
happily adjusted.
31. There is freedom for me to plan my work 4.8 M
Good relationship exists between teacher and
32. 4.74 M
students in my Anganwadi centre.
33. There is security of Job as long as I do good work. 4.9 M
I receive appreciation for my good work from my
34. 4.52 M
superiors
My fellow workers are always ready to render their
35. 4.92 M
help when I need it
36. I feel a sense of dignity in the job 5 M

Note: Level of Job satisfaction

1. Low level – 3.6 and below
2. Moderate level – 3.6 to 5.1
3. High level – 5.2 and above

Table - I shows that in first dimension the Anganwadi Teachers possess low level of job
satisfaction in S.No. 6,7 and 9, moderate level of job satisfaction in S. No. 1,2,3 and 5.

In the dimension 'satisfaction with the Profession, the Anganwadi Teachers possess low level of
job satisfaction in S.No.13, 14 moderate level of job satisfaction in S.No. 10, 11, 12, 15.

In the third dimension i.e., 'satisfaction with the self the Anganwadi teachers possess moderate
level of job satisfaction in all statements [S.No. 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20].

In case of 'satisfaction with the stake-holders', the Anganwadi Teachers possess low level of job
satisfaction in S.No.22, 24 and moderate level of job satisfaction in S.No.21, 23, 25, 26 and 27.

In 'satisfaction with supervisions & co-workers' the Anganwadi Teachers possess moderate level,
of job satisfaction in all statements (S.No. 28, 29, 30,31, 32, 33, 34 and 35).

As a whole, out of 35 statements Anganwadi Teachers possess low level of job satisfaction in 8
statements, while the Anganwadi Teachers possess moderate level of job satisfaction in 27
statements.

© The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN 2348-5396 (e)| ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) | 141
 Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teacher’s – A Study

Table – 2: Mean and SD, of the Job Satisfaction Scores of Anganwadi Teachers with different
Age groups and the calculated t-values
Age Group
S. Below 30 yrs 31 yrs and Calculated 't'
Job Satisfaction Dimensions
No. (N=23) above (N=27) value
Mean SD Mean SD
Satisfaction with the
1 36.9 4.7 35.7 5.2 @0.2
Organization
Satisfaction with the
2 26.4 2.97 25.1 3.4 @0.37
Profession
3 Satisfaction with the Self 19.8 0.81 19.7 1.0 @0.5
Satisfaction with the Stake
4 34.4 3.2 34.5 3.3 @0.1
Holders
Satisfaction with the
5 37.1 3.2 38.7 1.75 *2.4
Supervisors & Co-workers
6 Job Satisfaction as a whole 154.6 14.8 154.7 14.6 @0.01

Table–2 shows that the obtained 't' value with respect to the dimensions satisfaction with the
organization (0.2), satisfaction with the Job (0.37), satisfaction with the stake holders (0.1) and
satisfaction with the satisfaction with the self (0.5) are not significant at 0.05 level. It can be that
the Anganwadi Teachers belonging to below 30 years and 31 years and above years of age group
are not significantly differ in their job satisfaction.

Hence, the formulated hypothesis, 'there is no significant difference in the job satisfaction of
Anganwadi teachers due to variation in their Age' is accepted with respect to the dimensions of
satisfaction with the organization, satisfaction with the Profession, satisfaction with the self,
satisfaction with the stake holders and job satisfaction as a whole and the same hypothesis is
rejected with respect to the dimension satisfaction with the supervisors and co-workers (2.4) and
significant at 0.05 level. It can be said that the Anganwadi Teachers belonging to below 30 years
and 31 years and above age group significantly differ in their job satisfaction. Further the mean
values revels, that the teachers belonging to 31 years and above age group enjoy high level of job
satisfaction when compared to the Anganwadi teachers belonging to below 30 years of age
group.

© The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN 2348-5396 (e)| ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) | 142
 Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teacher’s – A Study

Table – 3: Mean and SD, of the Job Satisfaction Scores of Anganwadi Teachers and the
calculated‘t’-values based on their Educational Background
Educational Qualification
S. Intermediate and Calculated 't'
Job Satisfaction Dimensions X Class (N=36)
No. above (N=14) value
Mean SD Mean SD
Satisfaction with the
1 36.4 4 26.7 3.02 *8.6
Organization
2 Satisfaction with the Profession 27.08 3.7 26.7 3.02 @0.1
3 Satisfaction with the Self 19.86 0.82 19.5 1.2 @1.38
Satisfaction with the Stake
4 32.6 4.4 36.2 3.05 @0.3
Holders
Satisfaction with the
5 38.86 3.7 39.5 1.11 @0.09
Supervisors & Co-workers
6 Job Satisfaction as a whole 154.8 16.6 148.6 11.4 @0.3

Table-3, shows that the obtained t-values with respect to the dimensions satisfaction with the
Profession (0.1), satisfaction with the self (1.38), and satisfaction with the stake holders (0.3)
Satisfaction with the supervisors and co-workers (0.09) are not significant at 0.05 level. Hence,
it can be said that the Anganwadi Teachers with X class, intermediate and above educational
qualifications has not significantly differed in their job satisfaction.

Hence, the formulated hypothesis there is no significant difference in their job satisfaction of
Anganwadi teachers due to variation in their educational qualifications' is accepted. Where as
with respect to the satisfaction with the organization, the calculated’t’ value (8.6) which is
significant at 0.05 level. Hence, the formulated hypothesis with respect to the dimension
satisfaction with the organization is rejected.

It can be conduced that the Anganwadi Teachers with X class, intermediate and above education
qualifications significantly differ in their job satisfaction. As a whole it can be said that the
variable “Educational Qualifications” of Anganwadi Teachers has significantly influenced their
job satisfaction. Further the mean values reveals that the teachers with X Class group enjoy high
level of job satisfaction than the Anganwadi Teachers belonging Intermediate and above
qualification. In other words, it is higher the educational qualification, higher will be the job
satisfaction.

© The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN 2348-5396 (e)| ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) | 143
 Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teacher’s – A Study

Table -5: Showing sum of Squares, Mean Squares of Anganwadi Teachers with varied Years
of Experience and the calculated F-values
Job Satisfaction of
S. Source of Sum of Mean
Anganwadi Teacher df F ratio
No. variation Squares square
Dimensions
Between
97.6 2 48.8
Satisfaction with the groups
1. @1.2
Organization Within
77.5 47 1.64
groups
Between
58.3 2 29.1
Satisfaction with the groups
2. @0.3
Profession Within
18.7 47 3.8
groups
Between
146.4 2 73.2
groups
3. Satisfaction with the Self @0.2
Within
5.13 47 10.9
groups
Between
80.6 2 40.3
Satisfaction with the Stake groups
4. @0.7
Holders Within
115 47 2.4
groups
Between
Satisfaction with the 98.3 2 49.1
groups
5. Supervisors & @0.15
Within
Co-workers 617.7 47 13.1
groups

Table-5 shows that the obtained F-values with respect to the dimensions satisfaction with the
organization (1.2), satisfaction with the Profesion (0.3), satisfaction with the self (0.2),
satisfaction with the stake holders (0.7), satisfaction with the supervisors & co-workers (0.15) are
not significant at 0.05 levels. Therefore, it can be said. That the Anganwadi Teachers with
5years and below, 6-10 years and, 11 years and above years of experience has not significantly
influenced their job satisfaction. Hence, the formulated hypotheses 'there is no significant
difference in their job satisfaction of Anganwadi teachers due to variation in their years of
experience is accepted.

From the above, it is concluded that the variable 'years of experience' of Anganwadi Teachers
has not significantly influenced of their job satisfaction.

© The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN 2348-5396 (e)| ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) | 144
 Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teacher’s – A Study

FINDINGS
1. The results reveal that out of 35 statements, Anganwadi Teachers possess low level of job
satisfaction statements, in 8 statements and moderate level of job satisfaction in 27
statements. They haven’t reveled high level of job satisfaction in any one statement.
2. The variable 'age' of Anganwadi teachers has not significantly influenced their job
satisfaction.
3. The variable 'Educational qualifications' of Anganwadi teachers has significantly
influenced their job satisfaction.
4. The variable 'Years of Experience' of Anganwadi Teachers has not significantly
influenced their job satisfaction.
5. The null hypothesis stating that “There is no significant influence of age of Angawandi
Teachers on the different dimensions towards job satisfaction” was accepted in all
dimensions but rejected in case of satisfaction with the supervisors and co-workers.
6. The null hypothesis stating that “There is no significant influence of Education
qualification of Angawandi Teachers on the different dimensions towards job
satisfaction” was accepted in all dimensions but rejected in case of satisfaction with the
organization.
7. The null hypothesis stating that “There is no significant influence of Years of Experience
of Angawandi Teachers on the different dimensions towards job satisfaction” was
accepted in all dimensions.
IMPLICATIONS OF THE STUDY
The study reveals that in most of the aspects the teachers possess only moderate level of job
satisfaction. It is clear that there is a need for development of healthy relationships among
workers apart from developing good communication channels between the supervisors and co-
workers. It is also clear that in order to reduce their work load, one more Anganwadi Teacher
should be appointed to share the roles. The student's teacher ratio should be reduced to
Anganwadi Centre. The rules and regulations should be spelt out clearly in written by not giving
any scope to ambiguity. Rules should be applied uniformly to all the Anganwadi Teachers
without any favoritism to instill confidence in teachers on the management.

The infrastructure facilities should be developed in terms of adequate space for the teachers to sit
and work, providing better work environment, safe drinking water facilities, adequate health care
amenities within the school. Further, the salary structure is low to Anganwadi Teachers when
compared to other teachers. It has to be enhanced on par with the other teachers which improves
their job security.

Also, the Anganwadi Teachers possessing intermediate qualification enjoy high level of job
satisfaction which suggests that Anganwadi Teachers should further given opportunity to possess
higher education related to their profession in order to have high job satisfaction which in turn
leads for good job performance.

© The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN 2348-5396 (e)| ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) | 145
 Job Satisfaction of Anganwadi Teacher’s – A Study

According to the many research studies the Anganwadi Teachers working in semi-urban
Anganwadi centers possess high level of job satisfaction. Compare to rural areas. This gives
scope to improve the Anganwadi centers located in rural areas on with the semi-urban
Anganwadi centers.

CONCLUSION:
The study revealed that the Anganwadi teachers possessed moderate level of Job Satisfaction in
the dimensions related to i) supervisors and co-workers, ii) stake holders, they possessed low
level of Job Satisfaction with respect to organization and infrastructure facilities. Therefore, it is
evident that there is a need of development of healthy relationships with supervisors and co-
workers. There is a need of increasing the number of teachers according to the student strength,
so that children can be given individual attention. Even the minimum qualifications of
Anganwadi teachers should be changed from 10th class to intermediate along with pre-school
teacher training. Therefore the teachers can understand the children’s problem and also help for
their all round development.

The infrastructure facilities should be adequate and maintained properly. Health care amenities
must be provided for the children. School environment should be free from all barriers. The
Salary component must be raised, on par with other teachers so that the Anganwadi teachers will
get job security which inturn enhance their Job Satisfaction.

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Prof. S.C. Panigrahi, Dr. Ashutosh Biswal (2012) “Teacher Education” A.P.H. Publishing
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© The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN 2348-5396 (e)| ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) | 146