- all patients in hospitals

COMMUNICABLE
Transmission - Based
DISEASE NURSING - individuals with suspected infection

 Disinfection
 Types of Antigen
Concurrent - person is still the source of infection
Inactivated - stored in room temperature; booster;
Terminal- when the person is discharged/ dies not long lasting
Attenuated - stored in cold temperature; single dose

 Infection
Competes with metabolism GASTROINTESTINAL
Cellular damage
Intracellular multiplication I. AMOEBIASIS
Causes: Entamoeba hystolytica
 Patterns of Distribution IP: 3 days (severe)
Sporadic- occasional 3-4 wks (onset is gradual)
Epidemic- increase in expected cases; place MOT: Fecal-Oral ( Uncooked leafy vegetables)
Pandemic- global Sexual (orogenital, oroanal, proctogenital)
Endemic- at all times S/Sx: Foul-smelling, mucus-streaked watery stool with
Outbreak- time & place; diseases not widely tenesmus (diff. defecating), Colic,
known flatulence,tenderness over right iliac, Amoebic
Liver Abscess
Dx: Stool Exam, Proctoscopy/ Sigmoidoscopy
 Stages of Infection
Mgt: Metronidazole (Flagyl) 800 mg TID x 5 days
Incubation - period between entry of organism &
appearance of 1st S/Sx (vague) Keep warm, replace fluids, enteric precaution,
pressure sore prevention, mouth care
Prodromal - appearance of 1st S/Sx to appearance
of hallmark signs
Acute - manifestations are highly pronounced; most II. ASCARIASIS (ROUNDWORM)
ill period Causes: Ascaris lumbricoides
Convalescence - recovery MOT: Fecal-Oral ( contaminated fingers placed in
mouth )

 Infection Control Measures S/Sx: Periumbilical/ RUQ Pain aggravated by cold

stimulation (Nakamura sign), vomiting, cough
Universal
Dx: Stool Exam, (Kato Katz Technique), Abdominal
- in all environments x-ray (“dot” sign)
- considers all patients infectious Mgt: Albendazole/ Mebendazole (15cc), Piperazine,
Pyrantel pamoate
- avoiding contact to bodily fluids
Source: night soil/ contaminated water
- sharps are carefully handled
Affects: Children 4-12 yrs (school age)
Standard
Developmental Stages:
 - Embryonated ova Mgt: Tetracycline, Replace fluids (IV, Oresol)
- Larval Stage
- Adult stage (copulates in 2-3 mos. after ova stage)

III. HOOKWORM VI. THYPOID FEVER

(Ancyclostomiasis/ Miner’s Disease/ Egyptian Causes: Salmonela typhosa
Chlorosis)
IP: 5-40 days
Causes: Ancylostoma duodenale, Nector americanus
MOT: Fecal-Oral ( stool/vomitus)
IP: 40-100 days/ 2-8 weeks
S/Sx: Onset- Diarrhea, Fever(↑ in AM), Rose abdominal
MOT: Direct Contact (barefoot), contaminated water/ spots
food
Thyphoid stage- Tongue dry and brown, Sordes,
S/Sx: Anemia, Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Protruding Coma vigil (starring balnkly -
abdomen Thypoid Psychosis), Thypoid spina
Dx: Stool Exam, Blood Test reveal eosinophilia Dx: Typhidot (blood specimen)
Mgt: Pyrantel embonate (Quantel), ↑ caloric diet Mgt: Chloramphemic of Ampicillin, Co-trimoxazole,
replace fluids (SFF), prevent further injury
Source: Soil (oxygen rich)
Affects: Young adults (15-25 yrs)
VII. SCHISTOSMIASIS
Causes: Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma masnoni,
IV. BACILLARY DYSENTERY Schistosoma haematobium, Oncomeiania Quadrasi
Causes: Shigella flexneri (common in Phils.), Shigella
IP: 2 months
boydii, Shigella connei, Shigella dysenteriae (most
infectious) Source: Feces
IP: hours-days MOT: Ingestion of contaminated water, thru skin pores
MOT: Fecal-Oral (contaminated water/ milk) S/Sx: Swimmer’s itch, Bloody diarrhea, Hepatomegaly,
Spleenomegaly, Lymphadenopathy, Jaundice,
Vector: flies
Abdominal distention, Dizziness, Convulsions
S/Sx: Diarrhea with bloody-mucoid stools, Fever (esp.
Dx: Circumoval Precipitin Test (COPT), Fecalysis
Children), Tenesmus, Colic, Rectal Prolapse
(Kato Katz)
Dx: Stool Exam, Rectal/ blood culture
Mgt: Praziquantel tab x 6 months (1 tab BID a day for 3
Mgt: Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Cotrimoxazole, replace mos., 1 tab OD for next 3 mos.)
fluids

SKIN
V. CHOLERA
Causes: Vibrio cholera, Vibrio coma
I. ANTHRAX
IP: 1-3 days
Causes: Bacillus anthracis
MOT: Fecal-Oral
Types: Cutaneous, Inhalation, GI
S/Sx: Rice-watery stools, usually no intestinal cramping
or tenesmus, Washerwoman’s hands MOT: Direct (ingestion of inadequacy cooked meat),
Indirect, Airborne
Dx: Stool Exam, (darkfield or phase microscopy),
Rectal swabbing
S/Sx: Fever, Lymphadenopathy, Edema, Dyspnea/ S/Sx: Post auricular, posterior cervical
stridor, Abdominal pain, Ascitis, More severe if lymphadenopathy, photophobia, Forcheimer’s spot
lesions appear in face or chest; Anthrax meningitis,
Mgt: Isolation, darken room, Fluids, Caution pregnant
Anthrax sepsis
women
Dx: Blood culture
Mgt: Penicilin G 2M units q6 (IV then PO for 7-10
days) V. HERPES SIMPLEX (Virus of Love)
Causes: Varicella zoster
Source: animals, vegetation
Types: 1 - not sexually transmitted, infancy &
childhood; sharing of utensils
II. CHICKEN POX/ VARICELLA
2 - sexual xcontact; genital
Causes: Herpes virus 3 ( Varicella zoster virus)
MOT: Direct, Indirect, Droplet, Airborne
IP: 10-21 days
S/Sx: Vesicular lesions confined in a dermatode
2-7 days (commonly at the thoracic segment) [Always
unilateral- does not cross the body], Neurologic
MOT: Direct, Indirect, Airborne
pain
S/Sx: Fever, Maculo-papularvesicular rash (torso first)
Dx: Tissue culture/ smear
Dx: Compliment fixation test, Microscopic examination
Mgt: Symptomatic, same with chicken pox
of vesicular fluid
Mgt: Acyclovir 800 mg TID x 5days, Antihistamine,
Calamine lotion, Antipyretic, Respiratory Isolation VI. SCABIES
(1wk exclusion from school), Disinfect linens
Causes: Sarcoptes scabie @ interdigital spaces, warm
(under sunlight or thru boiling), Short fingernails,
folds in skin, axillae, crotch
Immunization (live attenuated vaccine)
MOT: Direct, Indirect (wearing/ lying in infested
clothing)
III. MEASLES
S/Sx: Pruritus (night), Papules
Causes: Measels virus
Dx: Microscopy
IP: 10-12 days (ave. 7 days)
Mgt: Pediculicide (permethrin cream). Kwell,
MOT: Direct, Indirect antihistamin, Apply at HS, Properly laundry lines
S/Sx: Fever, Catarrhal Sx, Koplik’s spots,
Maculo-papular rash (from periphery
tonsillitis) FUNGAL INFECTIONS
Dx: Nose and throat swab, Complement fixation/
Hemoglutinin Test
A. TINEA FLAVA (Tinea alba/ tinea versicolor)
Mgt: Isoprinosine (antiviral), Supportive therapy,
Isolation MOT: Direct
S/Sx: Hypo/hyper pigmentation on the skin usually in
back or chest, Pruritus
IV. GERMAN MEASLES
DX: Microscopy
(Rubella/ 3- day Measles)
Mgt: Micoconazole, Benzoyl, peroxide
Causes: Rubivirus
IP: 14-21 days
B. BARBER’S ITCH
MOT: Direct, Droplet, Transplacental (congenital
rubella)
Causes: Trichophyton mentogrophyt (cattle), BLOOD
Trichophyton verrucasum (horses)
MOT: Direct contact with cattle, Person-to- person
(shavers) I. DENGUE FEVER
S/Sx: Erythema, Perifollicular papules, Brittleness of (Breakbone fever, Hemorrhagic fever)
hair in bearded areas of males, Crusting around hair,
Alopecia Cause: Dengue virus 1,2,3,4 & Chikungunya

DX: Microscopy Vector: Female Aedes Aegypti mosquito

Mgt: Griseofulvin, Ketoconazole, Fluconazole IP: 7-10 days

(systemic antifungals) MOT: Bite of Female Aedes Aegypti mosquito
S/Sx: Fever (39-40°C), Arthralgia, Flushed palms,
C. RING WORM (Trichophytosis) (+)Torniquet Test, Petechial rash, Herman’s sign (bluish
/ purplish discoloration or blanching of the skin),
MOT: Direct Epistaxis/ gum bleeding, Cyanosis, Rapid pulse, ↓ temp,
hypotension
S/Sx: Dry type - round macular areas of reddish color,
elevated DX: Torniquet Test/ Rumpel Leads Test (presumptive),
↓Platelet count (confirmatory), Polymerase Chain
Moist type - secondary infection to dry type
Reaction Test, Occult blood
Mgt: Avoid sharing combs/ razors
Mgt: No antivirals, symptomatic tx, Fluid mgt, dim
room, warm light-clothing covers, ice packs @ abdomen
and forehead
D. ATHLETE’S FOOT
Classifications:
S/Sx: Infection at groin and upper thighs
- Grade 1: Fever + nonspecific s/sx
Mgt: Wash feet daily, dry feet completely, Wear clean
socks (+) Tourniquet Test
- Grade 2: Grade 1+ bleeding (nose, gums, GIT)

E. JOCK’S ITCH - Grade 3: Circulatory failure (weak pulse, narrow

pulse pressure, hypotension, cold clammy
S/Sx: Infection at groin and upper thighs skin, SHOCK)
Mgt: Avoid sharing undergarments with infected - Grade 4: Profound shock (undetectable BP &
individuals, Cotton underwear, Loose-fitting pants pulse)
Prevention:
GUT C - chemically treated mosquito nets
L - larvae -eating fish/ long sleeved clothing
I. LEPTOSPIROSIS E - environmental sanitation
Cause: Leptospira Interrogans A - anti-mosquito soap (Basil + Ditranelli)/
mosquito repellants (use of Diethyltoluamide
Source: Urine
toluence or “katol”)
MOT: Direct, Open-wound
N - neem tree/ eucalyptus
S/Sx: Catarrhal, Jaundice, Hepatic
Dx: Blood Culture
4S’s:
Mgt: Penicillin, Cotrimoxazole
Search & destroy breeding places
Secure self-protection
 Seek early consultation or paralysis/ pain, nasal obstruction or bleeding,
ulcers that do not heal
Support spraying to prevent impending
outbreak Late - Madarosis (loss of eyebrows),
Lagopthalmos (difficulty of closing the eyelids
bec. Of contractures), Sinking of the nose
Aedes Aegypti Anopheles
II. MALARIA Day biting Night biting
Cause: Plasmodium, Vivrax, Falcifarum ( most Low flying High flying
common in Phils; most fatal), Malariae, Ovale
Stagnant (clean) Clean running
Vector: Female Anopheles mosquito
Urban/ Ulan Rural
IP: 10-12 days
bridge, Gynecomastia
MOT: Contaminated Bt, needles & syringes
Dx: Skin Slit Smear (not confirmatory; determines
S/Sx: Cold Stage - intermitent severe chills, anemia/ presence of mycobacterium), Lepromin Test
palllor, hapatomegaly (susceptibility to mycobacterium leprae)
Hot Stage - malaise, fever, easy fatigueability Blood: ↓serum Ca, albumin, ↑RBC and ESR
Wet Stage - diaphoresis, tea colored urine, stiff Mgt: Domicillary treatmentm (RA 4073), MDT
neck (Multiple Drug Treatment) Sulfone Therapy
Dx: Malarial smear, Rapid Dx Test (RDT) [@night] *If pt has TB & Leprosy, follow TB Rifampicin
Mgt: Quanine IM (major side effect : hypotension) - Day 1: @ RHU (day 1 of every month x 6months)
Chloroquine (prophylaxis), Comefrantine, - Day 2-28: @ home
Antemether, Iron rich foods
MULTIPLE DRUG TREATMENT

Paucibacillary Multibacillary
Paucibacillary Multibacillary
Noninfectious type Infectious type
Day 1 Rifampicin 600mg Rifampicin 600mg
6 months 12 months
Dapsone 100mg Dapsone 100mg
- Tuberculoid ≤ 5 lesions - Lepromatous- all s/sx are
Clofazimine 300mg present
- (-) SSS
Day 2-28 Dapsone 100mg Dapsone 100mg -Borderline ≥6 or more
Clofazimine 50mg lesions + paresthesia

Full 6 blister packs x 6 12 blister packs x 12 - (+) SSS

course mos. mos.
duration
Rifampicin: reddish urine
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Clofazimine: brownish flaking of skin, pruritus

I. LEPROSY
II. RABIES (RA 9482)
Cause: Mycobacterium leprae
Cause: Rhabdo virus
IP: 5 mos - 8 yrs
Source: blood, urine, saliva
MOT: Airborne, Droplet, Prolonged skin-to-skin
IP: 1wk-7mos (animals), 20-90 days (human)
contract
MOT: Bite of dog, Airborne (rare), Infected tissue
S/Sx: Early - change in skin color, loss of sensation,
transplant, Scratch in the Skin (rare)
no sweating & hair growth, muscle weakness
S/Sx: Invasive Stage - hydrophobia IV. POLIOMYELITIS
Paralytic Stage - gradual, generalized flaccid Cause: Legio debilitans, Polio virus
paralysis, laryngospasm,
Source: Man is the only reservoir, nasopharyngeal
death
secretions, feces
Dx: Brain biopsy of animal/ post mortem, Fluorescent
IP: 1-7 days
Rabies Antibody Staining Test
MOT: Direct contact with secretions (Droplet),
Mgt: observe dog (10 days), anti-rabies vaccine, rabies
Fecal-oral
Ig, quiet dim room, restrain when needed
S/Sx: Paralysis, muscular weakness, uncoordinated
RABIES VACCINATION
movements, Hoyne’s sign
- PCVC (Purified Vero Cell Vaccine) - 0.1 ml
Minor - A. Abortive (from mother, baby dies after
- PDEV (Purified Duck Embryo Vaccine) - 0.2 ml 5 days)
[reduce-multi-site IM]
B. Non-Paralytic
Sched Site/ Route Dose
Major - A. Paralytic/ Spinal
Day 0 Deltoid IM 2 doses
B.Bulbar (face/head)
Site of bite (RV + Ig)
Dx: CSF analysis/ lumbar tap, fecalysis, throat swab of
Day 7,14,21 Deltoid IM 1 dose (RV) the pharynx, Pandy’s test

Day 28 If dog is still Mgt: No specific tx

alive
Complications: Hypertension, Encephalitis, Respiratory
4 COMPONENTS OF NATIONAL RABIES Paralysis, Post-Polio Muscle Atrophy Syndrome
PREVENTION AND CONTROL PROGRAM Prevention: OPV immunization (live-sabin), IPV
- Networking immunization (killed-salik), proper disposal of waste,
frequent handwashing
- Manpower Development
- Social Mobilization
V. BOTULISM
- Local Program Implementation
Cause: Clostridium botulinum
-Dog Immunization
Type: Foodborne ( classical), Woumd botulism, Infant
botulism
III. TETANUS MOT: Oral, Direct
Cause: Clostridium tetani S/Sx: Flaccid paralysis ( bulbar musculature),
Source: Soil, street dust, animal (horses), human feces symmetrical weakness, diplopia, ptosis, dysphagia,
dysphagia, dysarthria, death
IP: 3 days- 1 month, 3-10 days (neonate)
Dx: Blood culture, Wound Culture
MOT: Break in skin integrity, IM injection, tattoo,
burns, hx of tetanus, unvaccinated mothers, tooth decay, Mgt: Supportive mgt
unhealed stumo of umbilical cord
S/Sx: Trismus, difficulty sucking (excessive crying, stiff VI. MENINGITIS
jaw, body weakness), opisthotonus, rissus sardonicus
Cause: Neisseria meningitides
Dx: wound culture, serologic tests (eia)
IP: 1-10 days
Mgt: ATS/TIG, Anticonvulsant (diazepam), maintain pt
airway, quiet semi-dark environment MOT: droplet, direct invasion thru otitis media, skull
fracture, penetrating head wound, lumbar puncture
S/Sx: Meningococcemia (high grade fever, MOT: Bite of Aedes Poecillus
petechial/purpuric), asepsis meningitis ( headache, fever,
S/Sx: Assymptomatic Stage - presence of microfillariae
confusion, muscle rigidity, (+) Brundzinski & Kernig’s
in the blood
sign
Acute Stage - lymphadenitis, lymphangitis,
Dx: CSF analysis, blood and urine culture
orchitis, epidydimitis
MGT: ↓ ICP, Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, Mannitol, fluid
Chronic Stage - lymphedema
mgt, isolation
Dx: Nocturnal Blood Exam, Immunochromatographic
Test
VII. REDTIDE/ Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning
Mgt: Heltrazan (Diethylcarbazine citrate / DEC)
Cause: Dinoflagelletes (single- celled aka 6mg/kg single dose per year
Phytoplankton)
IP: 30 mins to few hours after ingestion
II. HEPATITIS B
MOT: Ingestion of raw or inadequately cooked
Cause: Hepatitis B virus
seafoods (bivalve mollusks)
IP: 45-100 days
S/Sx: Numbness of the face (around the mouth),
vomiting, and dizziness, headache, tingling sensation/ MOT: BT, injections, piercings, tattooing, sex, sharing
paresthesia and eventful paralysis of the hands, floating of razor, toothbrush, nail clipper, delivery transplacental
sensation and weakness, rapid pulse, dysphonia,
dysphagia, total muscle paralysis leading to respiratory S/Sx: RUQ pain, jaundice, yellowish sclera, anorexia,
arrest and death. nausea & vomiting, joint/ muscle pain, steatorrhea,
dark-colored urine, low-grade fever
Mgt: Induce vomiting, Activated charcoal, Sodium
bicarbonate solution Dx: Hepatitis B Surface Agglutination (HBSAg) Test
Mgt: Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin, Diet (↑CHO)

VIII. JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS

Cause: japanese encephalitis virus (most severe) III. MUMPS

At risk: rural, travelers, military Cause: Mumps virus

MOT: mosquito bite (culex triteaniorhynchus) Source: Secretions of mouth and nose

S/sx: flu-like, neuro manifestations, distrubances in IP: 12-26 days; average 18 days
swallowing, mastication, phonation, convulsions, coma MOT: Direct (droplet)
and death
S/Sx: Painful swelling in front of ear, angle of the jaw
Dx: CSF analysis, serologic test (day 7 - confirmatory) and down the neck, Fever, Malaise, Loss of appetite,
Mgt: supportive, TTS, control convulsions, oral care Swelling of one or both testicles in boys (Orchitis)
Mgt: Supportive symptomatic (analgesics,
anti-inflammatory), Soft/ liquid diet as tolerated
Prevention: MMR Vaccine, isolation, terminal
HEPATIC & LYMPHATIC SYSTEM disinfection

I. FILARIASIS IV. MONONUCLEUS/ Glandular Fever

Cause: Wucheriria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, Brugia (Kissing Disease)

timori Cause: Epstein-Barr virus (member of the herpes virus)
Vector: Aedes Poecillus MOT: Oral/ kissing
IP: 8-16 months
S/Sx: Exudate tonsilitis, dysphagia, palatine petechiae, Cause: Mycobacterium tuberculosis/ africanum
puffy eyelids (humans), Mycobacterium bovis (cattle)
Dx: Cephalin-cholesterol Flocculation Test IP: 2-10 weeks
Mgt: No antibiotics, ↑OFI Source: Sputum, nasal discharges, saliva
Complication: Gullain-Barre Syndrome MOT: droplet, Airborne, Direct (kissing), Indirect
(shared utensils)
S/Sx: afternoon fever, night sweating, body malaise,
RESPIRATORY weight loss, dry to productive cough, dyspnea,
hoarseness of voice, hemoptysis
Dx: Sputum Analysis (confirmatory), Chest x-ray,
I. INFLUENZA/ La Grippe tubercullin test (Mantoux test/ PPD)
Cause: Influenza virus (Type A [prime], B & C) Mgt: TB-DOTS, respiratory isolation
IP: 24-48 hours
POC: until DS of illness Quantitative Classification:
MOT: Airborne, Droplet, Indirect  Minimal - small lesions w/o demonstrable
S/Sx: chills, fever, malaise, sore throat, myalgia, excavation that are confined to a small part of one
headache of both lungs

Complication: pneumonia, myocarditis, otitis media  Moderately Advanced- 1/more lungs are involved,
volume affected should not extend to 1 lobe,
Dx: CBC, Hemoagglutination Test diameter does not exceed 4cm
Mgt: TSB, ↑OFI, respiratory isolation  Advance - more extensive than moderate

II. PNEUMONIA TB-DOTS/ “Tutok Gamutan”

Cause: Pneumococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae,
Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenza,
Klebsiella pneumoniae (Friedlander’s bacilli) I *New smear (+) PTB

MOT: Droplet, Indirect *New smear (-) PTB

w/extensive HRZE HRZE (4
S/Sx: chills, fever, chest pain, rusty sputum, body parenchymal lesions on (2months) months)
malaise, labored breathing CXR
Dx: Chest X-ray, Sputum culture *Extrapulmonary TB
Mgt: Penicillin, Strepoxacillin, Klebminoglycosides II. *Treatment Failure
(stops at 5 mos.)
Classifications: CAP (<36hrs after admission), HRZES
Nosocomial, Aspiration, Pneumocystic, Actinomyosis *Relapse (2mos) + HRE
(poor dental hygiene), Nocardia (found in soil; causes HRZE (5mos.)
brain abscess) *retard after default/
(1month)
RAD (2 mos.
Anatomical: Interruption)
-Bronchopneumonia (lobular/catarrhal) III. *New smear (+) PTB w/
HRZE (2
-Lobar (croupous) minimal parenchymal HR (4mos)
mos)
lesions on CXR
-Primary atypical (viral)
IV. *Chronic - smear (+) 2nd line Gen. Antibiotics
even after complete tx based on C&S results
III. TUBERCULOSIS/ Koch’s Disease
IV. DIPHTHERIA MOT: airborne
Cause: Corynebacterium diphtheriae (Klebs-Loeffer S/sx: flu-like
bacillus)
Dx: blood culture
Source: saliva, respiratory discharges, unpasteurized
Mgt: similar to influenza
milk
MOT: direct (droplet), Vehicle borne (milk)
S/Sx: Nasal Diphtheria - pseudomembrane in nasal VII. MERSCOV
sputum, coryza Cause: Mers Cov
Pharyngeal Diphtheria - sore throat/ tonsillitis, Source; human, camels
Bull Neck appearance
MOT: droplet, direct
Laryngeal Diphtheria - Croup Cough (hoarseness
of voice), dyspnea, dysphagia S/sx: fever, cough, SOB, pneumonia

Non-respiratory/ Cutaneous Diphtheria - Dx: Blood culture

localized punched out ulcers Mgt: supportive/ symptomatic
Dx: Nose and throat culture
Moloney’s Test (resistance to diphtheria) -Skin Test
Shick’s Test (susceptibility) - Skin Test
CD AFFECTING THE EYES
Mgt: Erythromycin (20,000 - 100,00 units IM once
only), penicillin, Tracheostomy, maintain patent airway,
respiratory isolation I. ACUTE CONJUNCTIVITIS
Cause: bacterial (staphylococcus aureus) or viral
V. PERTUSIS MOT: contaminated fingers, air, towels, contact lenses
(whooping cough/ tusperina) Mgt: saline irrigations, topical antibiotics, aseptic
Cause: Haemophilus pertusis, bordet gengou bacillus, technique
bordatella pertusis, pertussis bacillus
Source: nasopharyngeal secretions II. ONCOCERCIASIS
MOT: direct (droplet) Cause: Oncocerca volvolus
S/sx: Invasive/ catarrhal stage - 7 days to 3 wks fever, Vector: Black simolium fly
watery eyes, cough, coryza (inflammation of mucous
membrane esp in the nose) S/sx: pruritus, severe elevation of affeted skin, leopard
skin, blindness
Invasive stage - 3rd - 4th wk, paroxysmal cough (up
to 2-3 mos), swollen neck and veins, abdominal hernia Mgt: Metrican (by MERCK & Co.) given free for 3rd
world countries, Albendazole 400mg/tag,
Convalescent stage - 5th - 6th wk Mebendazole (antiox) 500 mg/tab
Dx: Bordet-Gengou Agar test, cough plate/ Agar plate
Mgt; same as avian flu, apply abdominal binder,
STD
respiratory isolation
I. HIV/ AIDS
Cause: retrovirus (lentivirus)
VI. BIRD/ AVIAN FLU
MOT: unprotected sex, BT, sharing of needles,
Cause: Avian influenza virus
pregnancy, organ donation
IP: 3-5 days
Mgt: 4 C’s- Compliance
Counseling
Contact tracing
Condoms