WORKING INSTRUCTION FOR REDWOOD APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE VISCOSITY OF OILS AS PER IP-70 Introduction : This apparatus is used for. determining the viscosity of an oil expressed as a time of flow in seconds through specified hole made in an metallic piece. | Scope: — The Redwood Apparatus measures viscosity in empirical units and not in absolute units such as Centistokes. It is possible to convert Redwood Viscometer readings to absolute units, for which the specifications IP 70 issued by the Institute of Petroleum, London, may be consulted. The apparatus Redwood No.1 will correctly indicate the viscosity flow time if it stands between 30 seconds to 2000 seconds. If the flow time measured with this apparatus for any oil exceeds 2000 seconds, the test should be repeated with Redwood Viscometer No.2, which will give the correct value of viscosity for such highly viscous oils. Clean the oil cup with suitable solvent, e.g. carbon tetrachloride and then dry it thoroughly using soft tissue paper or same simitar material which will not leave any fluff. Clean the jet hole by any fine thread. b.) ' Set up the viscometer, using the circular spirit level to ensure that is level. Fill the bath with water for determinations at 90°C and below, and for higher temperatures, with oil having as a suitably low viscosity at the test temperature for determinations: about 90°C fill the bath to a level not less than 10 mm below the rim of the oil cup at the test temperature. Procedure : a.) Heat the viscometer bath to a few degrees above the desired test temperature. Pour the prepared sample into the oil cup through a filter of: metal gauge not coarser than BS mesh (152/U). Adjust the temperature of the bath until the sample in the cup is maintained at the test temperature stirring the contents of the bath and during this process, preferably using continuous stirring for the bath. Stir the sample during the preliminary period e.g. by means of the ball valve, closing the bottom of the jet by suitable means but do not stir the sample ‘during the actual determination when the temperature of the sample has become quite steaidy at the desired value, adjust the liqaid level by allowing the sample to flow out until the surface of the sample touches, the filling point. Place the oil cup, and swing the oil cup thermometer towards the closed end of the curved slot in the cover. Place the clean, dry, standard 50 ml. flask centrally below the jet, with the top of the neck a few millimeters from the bottom of the jet. Do not insulate the flask in any way, lift the ball valve and simultaneously start time recorder. Suspend the valve from the clip supporting the oll cup thermometer by means of the hook, in the wire stem. Stop the time recorder at the instant the sample’ reaches the graduation mark of the flask and note the final reading of the oil cup thermometer. b.) Reject any determination if the temperature of the sample in the oil cup | varies during the run by more than 0.1°C for temperatures of 60°C or below by more than 0:3°C and 90°C: or by more than 0.5°C at 120°C.Calculation and Reporting: —- Report the time in second to the nearest whole second for values above 200 seconds and the Redwood viscosity, IP 70 stating which viscometer was used and the test temperature. For Example : Viscosity Redwood No.1 IP 70 and 60°C.... 360 seconds. Precision : For determination at 60°C or at lower temperatures, results of duplicate tests should not differ by more than the following amounts. Redwood No.1 Viscosity Repeatability Reproducibility 100 or loss 1 secand, 2 second Greater than 100 1% of mean 2% of meanCONVERSION OF KINEMATIC VISCOSITY TO REDWOOD NO.1 VISCOSITY Equivalent Redwood No.1 Equivalent Redwood No.1 Nee Viscosity, Sec. pera Viscosity, Sec. Y [356 60°C 90°C leony | are 60°C 90°C 50 36 38 39 51 207 209 213 55 39 40° 40 52 21 213 217 6.0 40 41 42 53° 245 217 224 65 42 42 43 54 219 221 225 70 43 44 44 * 55 223 225 229 75 45 45 46 56 227 229 233 8.0 46 46 ar of 231 233 "238 85 47 48 48 58 236 237 242 9.0 49 49 50 59 240 2a 246 95 50 50 51 60 244 245 250 10 52 52 53 61 248 249 264 1 55 55 56 62 252 254 258 12 58 58 59 63 258 258 262 13. a 61 62 64 260 262 267 14 64 65 65 65 264 266 271 15, 68 68 69 66 268 * 270 275 16 a“ 71 72: . 67 272 274 279 7 4 18 76 68 276 278 283, 18 78 78 79 69 280 282 288 19 at 82 83 70 264 286 292 20 85 80 07 7 288 200 206 “2 89 90 9 R 202 294 300 22 * 92 93 94 73 296 298 304 23 96 97 98 74 300 302 “308 24 100° +) 101 402 75 304 306 312 25 104 105 108 76 308 310 317 26 108 109 110 7 312 314 321 27 111 112 114 78 316 318 325 28 115 116 118 79 320 322 329 29 119 120 122 80 324 327 333 30 123, 124 126 81 328 331 338 3 127 128 130 82 332 335 342 32 431 132 134 83 336° | 339 348 33 136, 136 138 84 340 343, 350 34 130 140 142 85 34d a7 354 35 143 144 146 86 348 361 358 36 147 148 150, 7. 352 355 362 37 151 152 154 88 356 369 367 38 155 156 * 158 +89 360 363 371 39 "159 160 162 90 364 367 375 40 163 164 167 3 368 373 379 4 167 168 | 174 92 372 376 383 42 171 172 175 93 376 380 388 43 175 176 179 94 380 384 392 44 179 180 183 95 384 388 396 45 183 184 188 96 388 392 400 46 187 188 | 192 97 302 396 404 47 191 | 193 196 98 306 400 408 48 195 197 200 99 400 404 412 49 199 201 204 100 404 408 417 50 203 205 208 ; 408 Viscosities, Over 100 cs, multiply by - 4.05 4.08 4AT