GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKEN (Gallus gallusdomesticus)

FED WITH DIFFERENT COMMERCIAL FEEDS

GERSYL P. AVILA

MARICEL C. CASIÑO

CHERIE LYNETTE S. GALLA

HANNA M. SALON

A SHORT TERM RESEARCH PROPOSAL SUBMITTED TO DR. ERIC RANDY R. POLITUD,

PROFESSOR, GRADUATE PROGRAM, COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES (USTSP)
CLAVERIA MISAMIS ORIENTAL, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR

RESEARCH 600

(RESEARCH METHODS)

OCTOBER 2016
 ABSTRACT

The study aimed to evaluate the growth performance of broiler chicken fed with selected

commercial feeds. A total of thirty five (35) day-old broiler chicks were used in the study. Complete

Randomized Design was employed with three treatments and replicated three times. The treatments

are as follows: T1- BMEG (control), T2-Unifeeds and T3- Purina feeds. Results of the study revealed

no significant difference on the final weight with T1- obtaining the highest mean final weight followed

by T3 and T2. Data analysis in feed consumption, growth rate and feed conversion ratio showed no

significant differences among treatment means.

Keywords: Broiler, commercial feeds, complete randomized design, feed consumption, feed

conversion ratio
 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Chicken (Gallus gallusdomesticus) aredomestic birds that cannot fly. There are over 150

different breed of chicken that come in various colours, patterns and sizes. The chicken is believed to

have descended from the wild Indian and South-east Asian Red Jungle Fowl which is

biologicallyclassified as the same species(Animal Corner,2016).

With a population of more than24 billion in 2003, there are more chickens in the world than

any other birds. Chickens provide two sources of food frequently consumed by humans; their meat

also known as chickens, and their eggs which they lay. It can also be kept as pets, for breeding, egg

laying and food products.

Chickens are omnivores, and will feed on small seeds, herbs and leaves,grubs, insects and

even small mammals like mice, if they can catch them. Although chickens are flightless birds, they

have a tendency to attempt flight especially when they perceive danger or in a presence of a

predator. They also live together in flock.

Poultry production is considered as the fastest growing sector in the broad field of animal

production today. It is also considered as the fast multipliers since it requires shorter time of obtaining

an average weight of 1.2 kg. It is also said that poultry is the quickest and cheapest way to produce

animal protein meat.

Broiler chicken Gallus domesticus breeds are developed for their efficient feed-to-eat-meat

development ratio and their early manufacturing capabilities. These breeds have white or yellow skin

and white feathers for a clean finished look desired by commercial markets. Unlike slow growing,

hardy and “natural” heritage breeds, the broiler chicken has been genetically altered, and that

presents health and hardiness issues for the bird. Do not choose these birds unless you are familiar

with their special husbandry needs and are prepared to slaughter at or before four months.
Hatcheries provide information concerning these breeds, which are not recommended for backyard or

organic keepers.

The single biggest operating costs in poultry are feeds. Strict administration of feeding

requirement must be observed. To maintain healthy birds, keep fresh feed available at all times.

Commercially produced feed is commonly used in engaging poultry business; some cases are

organically formulated for health conscious consumers.

Statement of the Problem

This study attempted to evaluate the growth performance of broiler chickens fed with different

commercial feeds. It specifically answers the following questions:

1. What treatment exhibits the best results in terms of growth performance such as average

daily gain, average weight gain and feed conversion ratio of broiler chicken fed with

commercial feeds?

2. Which of the commercial feeds is most efficient?

3. What is the return above feed cost of these commercial feeds?

Objectives of the Study

This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance of broiler chicken fed with selected

commercial feeds. Specifically, it aims to:

1. Determine the average daily gain, average weight gain and feed conversion ratio of broiler

chicken fed with commercial feeds;

2. Assess the feed conversion efficiency of broiler; and

3. Evaluate return above feed cost of broiler chicken fed with selected commercial feeds.
 Significance of the Study

The result of the study will help the students in making their researches related to this field of

study and as a guide in selecting the best commercial feed that would improve the growth

performance of the chicken. In addition, it will provide information to the growers and to the producers

to enhance the efficacy of their products.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

The study covered the growth performance of the broiler chicken using commercially

produced feeds at recommended rates. Administration of concoction in drinking water to enhance

growth was not included in the study. The study was terminated at 35 days old.

Definition of Terms

1. Broiler. The gallinaceous domesticated fowls, bred and raised specifically for meat

production(Kructen,Tom, 2002).

2. Concoction. Something that is made or produced by putting several things or features

together(Anon. 2009).

3. Growth. It’s the process of growing. It refers to the increase in the number of cells

accompanied by the enlargement of the tissues and organs(American Heritage Dictionary,

2013).

4. Feeds. This refers to the food supplied for nourishment of the birds(American Heritage

Dictionary, 2013).

5. Poultry. These are domesticated fowls collectively; especially those valued for their meat and

eggs, as chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, and guinea fowl(American Heritage Dictionary,

2013).
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Broiler Chicken

Chicken has become one of the most important meats consumed in the world (Watt Executive

Guide, 2012). Poultry is one of the top U.S. exports to the Philippines. U.S. poultry meat exports to

the Philippines totaled 89,065 metric tons in 2012, up 23% from the previous year.

Poultry meat is an important source of high quality proteins, minerals and vitamins to balance

the human diet. Specially developed varieties of chicken (broilers) are now available with the traits of

quick growth and high feed conversion efficiency. Depending on the farm size, broiler farming can be

a main source of family income or can provide subsidiary income and gainful employment to farmers

throughout the year. Poultry manure is of high fertilizer value which can be used for increasing yield

of all crops (NABARD.ORG.).

Globally, over 70% of broilers chickens are raised in quite similar indoor intensive (industrial)

farming systems11 and only a small proportion are reared in less intensive, higher welfare systems.

Keeping broiler production indoors, without any access to outside areas can help with pest control. In

temperate countries, broiler sheds are closed, climate-controlled (e.g. fan-ventilated) and have

artificial lighting12. In hotter countries, the sheds are more open so that the chickens are exposed to

daylight and natural ventilation but have no outside access13. The standard broiler shed in Europe is

window-less, but in some countries (e.g. UK, The Netherlands), retailers or assurance schemes

require windows to allow natural daylight14. In Sweden, windows to let in daylight are mandatory

(Farm Animal Welfare Compendium,2013).

Nutritional Composition of Commercial Feeds

The general objective of poultry nutrition is to maximize the economic production performance

of birds. Diets are formulated to provide specific level of nutrients that are needed for optimum

performance. The main production criteria looked into is feed conversion ratio, growth rate, health of

the birds and their body conformation. The major determinants of these are the energy, protein and
amino acids contents of the diets. For broilers, diets of high energy content promote fast growth, and

therefore their metabolizable energy (ME) contents should generally not be less than 12.2MJ/kg

(Whitehead,2002).

Table1. The nutrient composition analysis of B-MEG regular broiler feeds are the following:

Guaranteed Analysis Booster Starter Finisher

Crude Protein 22% min 20% min 18% min
Crude Fiber 5% max 6% max 7% max
Crude Fat 4% min 4% min 4% min
Calcium 0.90% min 0.90%min 0.80% min
Phosphorus 0.55% min 0.55% min 0.55% min
Moisture 12% max 12% max 12% max
Source: b-meg.com.ph>articles>broiler-feeds, 2012

Tabl 2. B-MEG Regular broiler recommended feeds feeding guide

Bags/‘000 Feeding Period (Days)

Booster 10 1-14
Starter 1 20 15-28
Starter 2
Grower
Finisher 30 29-33
Source: b-meg.com.ph>articles>broiler-feeds, 2012

B-meg Related Studies

This study was conducted to determine the performance of Hubbard broilers fed with different

commercial feeds and to know which of these feeds could give the highest profit. The different

treatments used were: Treatment A - B- Meg; Treatment B - Vitarich; Treatment C - Custom-mix;

Treatment D - Blue Ribbon; Treatment E - Home-mixed. Results of the study showed non-significant

differences among the different treatments on the initial weight of the birds in grams and average feed

consumption. However, on the average final weight of the birds in kilograms and feed conversion,

highly significant differences were observed among the different treatments. Comparison among the

means revealed that Treatments A, C, D and E were highly significant over Treatment B. On the

returns of producing 125 Hubbard broilers, Treatment B had the highest return per peso cost of 0.40
pesos. It was followed by Treatment E, D, C and A with returns per peso cost of 0.30 pesos,

0.28pesos, 0.27 pesos, and 0.20, respectively as cited by Domingo, G.F., 2011.

Maldecor, A.U and Cusa, J.C.,2011, results of the study showed that the birds fed with 5

percent siratro mixed with B-Meg laying ration had the highest feed consumption, amounting to 8.485

kilograms per bird for the three-month duration, and also laid the most number of extra large and

medium eggs. On the other hand, the layers fed with ration containing 5 percent centrosema leaf

meal produced not only the most number of eggs, but also the most number of jumbo and large eggs.

Likewise, these birds gave the highest return over feed cost of P23.40 per bird for a period of 84

days. The highest percentage of egg yolk and eggshell was observed in the eggs laid by the layers

given the ration containing 5% centrosema + 5 percent siratro leaf meals combined, while the highest

egg white percentage was observed in the eggs produced by the birds fed with centrosema leaf meal

at 5 percent level in the diet. The layers given pure commercial ration (control group) were found to

be the most efficient converters of feed, requiring the lowest amount of feed to produce a dozen eggs.

Table 3. The nutrient composition analysis of Universal broiler feeds are as follows:

Guaranteed Analysis Booster Starter Finisher

Crude Protein 22% min. 18% min. 19% min.
Crude Fiber 3% max. 6% max. 5% max.
Crude Fat 4% min. 6% min. 3% min.
Calcium 0.9%-1.0% 0.8%-0.9% 0.9%-1.1%
Phosphorus 0.70% min. 0.70% min. 0.70% min.
Moisture 12% max 12% max. 12% max.
Source: Universal Feed Mill Corporation, 2014
Table 4. Universal Feeds Broiler Feeding Guide

AGE BODY WEIGHT FEED INTAKE FEED TYPE

(in (grams)
Daily/head Daily/population Cumulativ
days)
(grams) (kgs.) e (kgs)

1 48 12 1.2 1.2 Chick Booster Mash

2 58 15 1.5 2.7 Chick Booster Mash
3 71 18 1.8 4.5 Chick Booster Mash
4 86 21 2.1 6.6 Chick Booster Mash
5 104 24 2.4 9.0 Chick Booster Mash
6 123 27 2.7 11.7 Chick Booster Mash
7 144 30 3.0 14.7 Chick Booster Mash
8 167 32 3.2 17.9 Chick Booster Mash
9 192 34 3.4 21.3 Chick Booster Mash
10 221 36 3.6 24.9 Chick Booster Mash
11 251 39 3.9 28.8 Broiler Starter Crumble
12 283 43 4.3 33.1 Broiler Starter Crumble
13 317 46 4.6 37.7 Broiler Starter Crumble
14 352 51 5.1 42.8 Broiler Starter Crumble
15 391 56 5.6 48.8 Broiler Starter Crumble
16 430 62 6.2 54.6 Broiler Starter Crumble
17 472 72 7.2 61.8 Broiler Starter Crumble
18 517 76 7.6 69.4 Broiler Starter Crumble
19 565 80 8.0 77.4 Broiler Starter Crumble
20 615 86 8.6 86.0 Broiler Starter Crumble
21 665 88 8.8 94.6 Broiler Starter Crumble
22 719 93 9.3 104.1 Broiler Starter Crumble
23 774 97 9.7 113.8 Broiler Starter Crumble
24 830 101 10.1 123.9 Broiler Starter Crumble
25 887 103 10.3 134.2 Broiler Starter Crumble
26 944 105 10.5 144.7 Broiler Starter Crumble
27 1,002 107 10.7 155.4 Broiler Starter Crumble
28 1,061 108 10.8 166.2 Broiler Starter Crumble
29 1,124 110 11 177.2 Broiler Finisher Crumble
30 1,185 112 11.2 188.4 Broiler Finisher Crumble
31 1,254 115 11.5 199.9 Broiler Finisher Crumble
32 1,322 120 12.0 211.9 Broiler Finisher Crumble
33 1,390 122 12.2 224.1 Broiler Finisher Crumble
34 1,460 123 12.3 236.4 Broiler Finisher Crumble
35 1,530 126 12.6 249.0 Broiler Finisher Crumble
Source: Universal Feed Mill Corporation, 2014
Table 5. The Nutrient Composition Analysis of Purina Broiler Feeds

Crude Protein (Min) 20.00%

Lysine (Min) 1.10%
Methionine (Min) 0.55%
Crude Fat (Min) 3.50%
Crude Fiber (Max) 5.00%
Calcium (Ca) (Min) 0.80%
Calcium (Ca) (Max) 1.30%
Phosphorus (P) (Min) 0.60%
Salt (NaCl) (Min) 0.30%
Salt (NaCl) (Max) 0.80%
Vitamin A (Min) 7,000 IU/lb
Vitamin E (Min) 14 IU/lb
Phytase (A. Oryzae) (Min) 227 FYT/lb
Source: Purina Animal Nutrition LLC, 2016

Table 6. Typical Broiler Body Weights and Feed Requirements

Age (days) MALE FEMALE

Body weight(lb) Cum. Intake (lbs) Body weight (lb) Cum. Intake (lbs)
7 0.397 0.335 0.398 0.34
14 1.014 1.109 0.988 1.084
21 1.991 2.482 1.872 2.343
28 3.281 4.535 2.974 4.149
35 4.776 7.24 4.196 6.452
42 6.358 10.485 5.452 9.166
49 7.926 14.129 6.681 12.193
56 9.409 18.029 7.832 15.426
63 10.758 22.053 8.854 18.724
Source: Purina Animal Nutrition LLC, 2016
FEEDING PROGRAMS

Broilers

A. Broiler chicks - Fed ad libitum for 42 to 56 d to an average weight of 4 to 5 lb. B. Feed

represent 60 to 75% of total production cost. Fed conversion - about 2.0? C. Use a 3-stage feeding

program (starter, grower and finisher) - The starter for the first 2 to 3 week, the grower for about 2

weeks, and the finisher for the remainder.

2. Broiler Diets

Fed as a complete feed to meat-type birds - May be fed in crumbles or pelleted form. B. A

higher vitamin supplementation to meet the added requirements for growth under the stressful

conditions encountered in the average broiler operation. C. May contain 3 to 5% added fat to increase

the energy content and the protein content is adjusted to maintain an optimum protein: calorie ratio.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS

Time and Place of the study

The study started on September 11, 2016 and terminated last October 15, 2016. The study

was conducted atPoblacion, Claveria, Misamis Oriental, 50 meters away from the public market and

20 meters from the Claveria Rural Health Unit.

Materials, Equipment and Housing

The materials and equipment utilized were: 45 pieces broiler chicks at two day old, chicken

cage made of bamboo, selected commercial feeds, weighing scale, record book, ball pen. The

chicken house was built with a mixture of round timber and bamboos.

Experimental Birds

Forty-five heads of day old chicks was selected based on their physical characteristics such

as bright eyes, red skin, fluffy feathers, active, alert, and free from diseases and deformities. It was

purchased from a reliable hatchery or franchised dealer where the parent stocks werewell-housed

and well-managed.

Experimental Design and Treatments

Experimental Lay-out

The study was laid-out following a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three

treatments and three replications. The three treatments assign were as follows:

T1- B-MEG Feeds (Control)

T2- Universal Feeds

T3- Purina Feeds

Lay-out of the Experiment

A total of 45 experimental day old chicks was used in the study and was randomly distributed

in nine cages with 5 birds per replication per treatment.

R2

8 ft.

Cage 4 Cage 5 Cage 6

R3T1 R3T3 R2T2

3 ft.
GROUND

R1 R3
2 ft. 2 ft.

Cage 3 Cage 7
R1T3 R2T3
Cage 2 Cage 8
R2T1 R3T2
Cage 1 Cage 9
R1T2 R1T1

Figure 1. Pen lay-out following the Complete Randomized Design.

Care and Management of Birds

Brooding and Lighting Management

The 45 chicks were brooded in the same cage allocated for brooding. The old clean

magazines over used ramie sacks were used as floor matting to ensure that the chicks will not

become wet. This was done for 14 days. The cage was supplied with 2 pieces 50-watt bulbs to

provide warmth day and night. Sufficient supply of feeds (commercial chick starter) and water were

givenad libitum.
Figure 2. Construction of Chicken Cages Figure 3. Brooding Period of Broiler

Rearing of the Growing Stock

After the 14days brooding period, broilers were transferred to designated cages following a

complete randomized design. The cages were disinfected by spraying with chlorine solution. Floor

matting was used the same materials as in the brooding cage. Five chicks were randomly taken from

the brooding house were weighed, and were placed in a cleaned and disinfected cage. This was

done in all nine cages. Replication and treatment labels were posted on the doors of each cage for a

systematic administration of feeds.

Feeding Management

Broiler-commercial rations (chick booster then chick grower) were fed to the birds during the

first 5 weeks and from then on were replaced by the broiler-finisher ration. Feed rations were given

three times a day (in the morning at 6:30 - 7:00, around 11:00 – 11:30 at noon, and around 4:30 –

5:00 in the afternoon). This was done using the same size of feeding pans. The amount of feed was

given in equal amounts to the chicks each cage and usesthe same cup for measuring. On the first

week, about 250 grams of feed was provided per cage every feeding time. On the second week, the

feeds increased to 5grms/head. On the third week, this was increased to about 5 grms/head.
Water Management

Clean waterers were provided for each cage. Regular monitoring was done to the birds will

have a 24 hour access to clean and potable water. Water wasadministered ad libitum.

Harvesting and Dressing

The broilers were harvested on the 35th day of the growing period. Final weight from each

treatment was taken and recorded.

Marketing

Live chicken were weighed and distributed to pre-arranged buyers with the prevailing market

price.

Data Gathered

1. Initial weight at 7 days after brooding. Each of the bird was weighed before transferring to

individual cages.

2. Feeds given per treatment were measured by using the weighing scale. In brooding

period, the amounts of feeds weread libitum. After 14days, the amount of feed was 750

grams per day and on thesecond week the amount of feeds were increased to 825grms

per day and on the third week the amount of feeds were increased to 900grms per day.

3. Weight at 35 days (harvest). Using a plastic container all the birds per cage were weighed.

This was recorded as the final weight.

4. Average Daily Gain (ADG)

This was determined by computing the final weight less the initial weight divided by

number of days fed.

 5. Cost of Production

This includes the cost of housing (pro-rated as rental) stock, feeds, feeding pans,

waterers, labor of production, medicine(during brooding), light, water, and transportation

cost.

6. Total Feed Consumption

This was done by weighing the feeds given to the birds for the whole feeding period

minus the weight of left-over feeds per treatment during harvest.

7. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)

This was calculated on the basis of feed gain for each treatment wherefeed conversion

ratio is equal to total feed intake per treatment divided by the weight gain.

8. Return Above Feed Cost (RAFC)

This was computed by determining the sales of birds minus cost of feeds consumed

and cost of chicks purchased.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

The analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in Completely Randomized Design was used to determine

the level of significance. Tukey’s Studentized Range Test was used to determine significant

differences among treatments means.

 Results and Discussion

Initial and Final Weight

Table 7 shows that the control treatment has the lowest initial weight with 283.33g compared

to other treatments with 296.67g and 293.33g. It was observed that there was a great increase in the

final weight of the control treatment T1 fed with 1,602g among the three treatments and Treatment 2

and 3 being the lowest.

Table 7. Average Initial and Final Weight of Broiler Chicken fed with Commercial Feed per treatment

Treatments Initial Weight (g) Final Weight (g)

T1 (B-Meg) Control 283.33 1,603

T2 UniFeeds 296.67 1,426.7
T3 Purina 293.33 1,456.6
Grand Total 2,620 13,410
Grand Mean 873.3 4,470
VC% 3.97 3.84
F-Test ns ns

Average Daily Gain

Figure 2 presents the average daily gain of broiler chicken fed with different commercial feeds

and results revealed that Treatment 1(Bmeg) obtained the highest weight gain which has 314.29 g

while Treatment 2 (Unifeeds) and Treatment 3 (Purina) has 265.05 g and 276.98 g respectively.

Furthermore, treatments 2 and 3 showed slight significant difference among treatments.

 320
310
300
290
280 Initial Weight
270 Final Weight
260
250
240
BMEG UNIFEEDS PURINA

Figure2. Average Daily Gain of Broiler Chicken Fed with Different Commercial Feeds Among
Treatment Means

Total Feed Consumption

Researchers followed the recommended feeding guide which is 50g per head and

there is addition of 5g per head per week and on succeeding week until the day of harvest.

Table 8 below shows the total feed consumption of the birds. This was done by weighing the feeds

given to the birds for the whole feeding period minus the weight of the left-over feeds per treatment

during the harvest.

Table 8. Total Feed Consumptionof Broiler Chicken per Treatment

Kinds of Feeds Purchased(grms) Consumed(grms) Left-over Feeds

BMEG
Starter 16,000grms 15,750g 250g
Grower 18,000grms 17,325g 675g
Finisher 19,000grms 18,900g 100g
UNIFEEDS
Starter 16,000grms 15,750g 250g
Grower 18,000grms 17,325g 675g
Finisher 19,000grms 18,900g 100g

PURINA
Starter 16,000grms 15,750g 250g
Grower 18,000grms 17,325g 675g
Finisher 19,000grms 18,900g 100g
 Feed Conversion Ratio

Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) is the total feeds consumed over the total live-weights of the

animals. Thus, the lower the feed conversion ratio, the more efficient is the result. Treatment 1

showed the lowest FCR compared to other treatment.

Table 9. Feed Conversion Ratio of Broiler Chicken Feed With Different Commercial Feeds per
Treatment

Treatment Starter Grower Finisher

1 2.39 2.63 2.88

2 2.83 3.12 3.40
3 2.71 2.98 3.25

Grand Total 23.81 26.19 28.56

Grand Mean 2.61 2.91 3.17
F-test ns ns ns
CV 4.17 4.18 4.13

Return Above Feed Cost (RAFC)

Return Above Feed Costis determined by using the formula which is sales of birds minus the

cost of feeds and the cost of chicks. Our total cost of feed consumed is P5, 507.25 and our cost of

chicks upon purchased is P675.00. The total sales of our birds live weight is P6, 700.00. This study

obtained an RAFC of Php. 517.75

Table 10. Return Above Feed Cost of Broiler Chicken Fed with Different Commercial Feeds

Description Amount (Php) Quantity(kilo) Total (Php)

Sales of Birds 100(live) 67 6,700.00

Cost of Feed Consumed 30 155.925 5,507.25
Cost of Chicks 15 45 675.00

RAFC 517.70
 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary

The study was conducted from September 11, 2016 to October 15, 2016 at Poblacion,

Claveria, Misamis Oriental 50 meters away from the public market and 20 meters from the Claveria

Rural Health Unit.

The study made use of the 35 day old broiler chicks. The birds were distributed to three

treatments replicated three times with five birds per treatment following the Complete Randomized

Design. The treatments used were as follows: T1- BMEG (control), T2- Unifeeds and T3- Purina

feeds.

The birds were fed with their corresponding measured feeds for three weeks. The data

gathered were analyzed for growth rate, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio.

The study showed no significant difference on the final weight among three treatments.

Conclusion

It was observed that Treatment 1 has the lowest average mean weight on the initial weight as

it was randomly picked from the brooding cage to their designated cages appears to be the highest

average mean weight on the final weight. It is therefore concluded that Treatment 1 (B-MEG) should

be considered for farmers who wants his birds to reach market weight at the shortest possible time.

However, the cost of this commercial feeds is much higher than the Treatment 3 and 2. Nutrient

composition of these commercial feeds appeared to be an important factor that resulted to

performance differences in this study.

 Recommendation

It is recommended that the control treatment is best used for potential poultry farmers or those

who want to engage in poultry business. Further studies on the efficacy of commercial feeds would be

initiated, also with their varying levels and feed formulation with the use of indigenous materials which

are available in the place to lessen feed cost.

 LITERATURE CITED

Domingo, G.F.Tarlac Coll. of Agriculture, Camiling, Tarlac (Philippines)Performance of Hubbard

Broilers Fed with Different Commercial Feeds [study conducted .TCA, Philippines.2012

Maldecor, A.U.Cusa, J.C.. Coll. of Agriculture)Effect of Centrosema and Siratro Leaf Meals on the
Performance of Purebred Hisex White Layers. (Central Philippine Univ., Iloilo City (Philippines)

Maldecor, A.U. and Cusa, J.C., 2011. University Library, University of the Philippines at Los Baños,
2009.

Poultry Nutrition and Feeding. Animal Nutrition Handbook. p.410.

Purina Animal Nutrition LLC, 2016

Uchegbu, Martin. et.al, Comparative Evaluation Of Commercial Feeds. Department of Animal

Science and Technology, PMB 1526. Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Inno State, Nigeria.
2009.

University Library, University of the Philippines at Los Baños, 2009 as cited by Maldecor, A.U.Cusa,
J.C.,2011

b-meg.com.ph>articles>broiler-feeds, 2012

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broiler

http://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/concoction

http://www.yourdictionary.com/growth

http://www.yourdictionary.com/growth

http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/poultry

www.animalcorner.co.uk

www.foodandagriculturejournal.com/vol2.no.1pp.23.pdf

https://www.nabard.org/pdf/Poultry_Broiler_Farming.pdf

https://www.ciwf.org.uk/media/5235306/The-life-of-Broiler-chickens.pdf

APPENDICES
Appendix Table1. Schedule of Activities During the Study

WEEK 1 WEEK 2 WEEK 3 WEEK 4 WEEK5 WEEK WEEK WEEK

6 7 8
Planning
Making
Proposal
Prepare the
housing and
cages
Brooding
(from arrival
up to 14
days old)
Growing
Harvesting/
Marketing

Appendix Table 2. Total Cost of Production of Conducting the Study

PARTICULARS UNIT PRICE QUANTITY TOTAL
Chicks 15.00 45pcs 675.00
Housing
Bamboo 100.00 5poles 500.00
Stick (1x2x8) 35.00 24pcs 840.00
Roofing(Recycled) - - -
d.1 ½ “ 54.00 1kl 54.00
e.2” 42.00 ¾kl 31.50
f.2 1/2 “ 42 ¼kl 10.50
g. OPW 275.00 2ply 550.00
h. G.I. sheet 225.00 3sheets 675.00

Total 2,661.00
Feeds
BROODING
CHICK BOOSTER 33.00/KL 28KLS 938.00
B-MEG
Starter 30.00/kl 16 kls 480.00
Grower 30.00/kl 18 kls 540.00
Finisher 29.00/kl 19 kls 551.00

UNIFEEDS
Starter 30.00/kl 16 kls 480.00
Grower 30.00/kl 18 kls 540.00
Finisher 28.00/kl 19 kls 532.00
PURINA 30.00/kl 16 kls 480.00
Starter 30.00/kl 18 kls 540.00
Grower 28.00/kl 19 kls 532.00
Finisher

Total 5,133.00
FEEDING PAN 8.00/pc 18pcs 144.00
WATERER 35.00/pc 9pcs 315.00
LABOR 400.00
MEDICINE (brooding) 90.00
LIGHT 650.00
WATER 100.00
TRANSPORTATION 500.00
GRAND TOTAL 10,668.00

Appendix Table 3. Total Feed Consumption

FEEDS WEEK GRMS/HEAD TOTAL FEED CONSUMPTION/HEAD

Starter 1 50g 1050g

Grower 2 55 1,155g

Finisher 3 60 1,260g

Appendix Table 4. Total Feeds Consumed with corresponding amount of BMEG Feeds
Quantity(grms) Amount(kl) Total

Booster 28,000 33.00/kl 924.00

Starter 15,750 30.00/kl 472.50

Grower 17,325 30.00/kl 519.75

Finisher 18,900 29.00/kl 548.10

Appendix Table 5. Total Feeds Consumed with corresponding amount of Unifeeds
Quantity(grms) Amount(kl) Total

Booster

Starter 15,750 30.00/kl 472.50

Grower 17,325 30.00/kl 519.75

Finisher 18,900 28.00/kl 529.20

Appendix Table 6. Total Feeds Consumed with corresponding amount of Purina Feeds
Quantity(grms) Amount(kl) Total

Booster

Starter 15,750 30.00/kl 472.50

Grower 17,325 30.00/kl 519.75

Finisher 18,900 28.00/kl 529.20

Appendix Table 7a.Initial and Final Weight of CAGE I-R1T2

Chicken # Initial Weight(grms) Final Weight(grms)
1 300 1450
2 300 1500
3 300 1550
4 250 1250
5 300 1500
TOTAL 1,450 (290 mean) 7,250 ( 1,450 mean)

Appendix Table 7b. Initial and Final Weight of CAGE 2-R2T1

Chicken # Initial Weight(grms) Final Weight(grms)
1 300 1550
2 250 1550
3 300 1850
4 250 1500
5 250 1500
TOTAL 1,350 (270 mean) 7,950 (1,590 mean)
Appendix Table 7 c. Initial and Final Weight of CAGE 3-R1T3
Chicken # Initial Weight(grms) Final Weight(grms)
1 300 1350
2 300 1600
3 300 1500
4 250 1350
5 250 1300
TOTAL 1,400 (280 mean) 7,100 (1, 420 mean)

Appendix Table 7 d. Initial and Final Weight of CAGE 4-R3T1

Chicken # Initial Weight(grms) Final Weight(grms)
1 250 1500
2 250 1450
3 300 1650
4 300 1700
5 300 1900
TOTAL 1,400 ( 280 mean) 8,200 (1,640 mean)

Appendix Table 7 e. Initial and Final Weight of CAGE 5-R3T2

Chicken # Initial Weight(grms) Final Weight(grms)
1 300 1600
2 300 1500
3 300 1550
4 300 1350
5 300 1450
TOTAL 1,500 (300 mean) 7,450 (1,490 mean)

Appendix Table 7 f. Initial and Final Weight of CAGE 6-R2T2

Chicken # Initial Weight(grms) Final Weight(grms)
1 300 1600
2 300 1500
3 300 1550
4 300 1350
5 300 1450
TOTAL 1,500 (300 mean) 7,450 (1,490 mean)

Appendix Table 7 g. Initial and Final Weight of CAGE 7-R2T3

Chicken # Initial Weight(grms) Final Weight(grms)
1 300 1600
2 300 1500
3 300 1550
4 300 1350
5 300 1450
TOTAL 1,500 (300 mean) 7,450 (1,490 mean)
Appendix Table 7 h. Initial and Final Weight of CAGE 8-R3T2
Chicken # Initial Weight(grms) Final Weight(grms)
1 300 1250
2 300 1300
3 300 1300
4 300 1300
5 300 1550
TOTAL 1,500 (300 mean) 6,700 (1,340 mean)

Appendix Table 7 i. Initial and Final Weight of CAGE 9-R1T1

Chicken # Initial Weight(grms) Final Weight(grms)
1 300 1650
2 300 1500
3 300 1550
4 300 1600
5 300 1600
TOTAL 1,500 (300 mean) 7,900 (1,580 mean)

ANOVA
Statistical Analysis of Broiler Fed with Commercial Feeds on Different Growth Parameters

Appendix Table 8. Average Final Weight Gain of Broiler Fed With Commercial Feeds
VS DF SS MS F

Treatments 2 3958.19247 1979.09623 16.4968 **

Error 6 719.81213 119.96869

Total 8 4678.00460

** Significative at a level of 1% of probability (p < .01)

* Significative at a level of 5% of probability (.01 =< p < .05)
ns Non-significative (p >= .05)
DF DFE F-krit F p
2 6 10.9248 16.4968 0.0036

AVERAGES AND MEASURES

Averages Treatment
----------------------
1 314.28670 a
2 265.05000 b
3 276.98330 b
----------------------
smd = 27.44499

GA = 285.44000 VC% = 3.84

Midpoint = 285.71500

The Tukey Test at a level of 5% of probability was applied

The averages followed by the same letter do not
differ statisticaly between themselves
 Normality of the data (alpha = 5%)
--------------------------------------------
Test (Statistic) Value p-value Normal
Shapiro-Wilk (W) 0.93234 0.50392 Yes

Appendix Table 9. Average Initial Weight of Broiler Fed With Commercial Feeds

VS DF SS MS F
Treatments 2 288.88889 144.44444 1.0833

Error 6 800.00000 133.33333

Total 8 1088.88889

** Significative at a level of 1% of probability (p < .01)

* Significative at a level of 5% of probability (.01 =< p < .05)
ns Non-significative (p >= .05)

DF DFE F-krit F p
2 6 5.1433 1.0833 0.3966

AVERAGES AND MEASURES

Averages Treatment
----------------------
1 283.33330 a
2 296.66670 a
3 293.33330 a
----------------------
smd = 28.93333

GA = 291.11111 VC% = 3.97

Midpoint = 285.00000

The Tukey Test at a level of 5% of probability was applied

The averages followed by the same letter do not
differ statisticaly between themselves

Normality of the data (alpha = 5%)

--------------------------------------------
Test (Statistic) Value p-value Normal
Shapiro-Wilk (W) 0.77554 0.01070 No
--------------------------------------------
Appendix Table 10 a. Feed Conversion Ratio of Starter Feeds to Broiler Chicken

------------------------------------------------------------------
VS DF SS MS F
------------------------------------------------------------------
Treatments 2 0.31796 0.15898 13.0906 **
Error 6 0.07287 0.01214
------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 8 0.39082
------------------------------------------------------------------
** Significative at a level of 1% of probability (p < .01)
* Significative at a level of 5% of probability (.01 =< p < .05)
ns Non-significative (p >= .05)

DF DFE F-krit F p
2 6 10.9248 13.0906 0.0064

AVERAGES AND MEASURES

Averages Treatment
----------------------
1 2.39000 b
2 2.83667 a
3 2.71000 a
----------------------
smd = 0.27613

GA = 2.64556 VC% = 4.17

Midpoint = 2.67500

The Tukey Test at a level of 5% of probability was applied

The averages followed by the same letter do not
differ statisticaly between themselves

Normality of the data (alpha = 5%)

--------------------------------------------
Test (Statistic) Value p-value Normal
Shapiro-Wilk (W) 0.93359 0.51626 Yes
--------------------------------------------

DATA
----------------
2.46 2.39 2.32
2.72 2.76 3.03
2.76 2.72 2.65
----------------
Appendix Table 10 b. Feed Conversion Ratio of Starter Feeds to Broiler Chicken
------------------------------------------------------------------
VS DF SS MS F
------------------------------------------------------------------
Treatments 2 0.38220 0.19110 12.9122 **
Error 6 0.08880 0.01480
------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 8 0.47100
------------------------------------------------------------------
** Significative at a level of 1% of probability (p < .01)
* Significative at a level of 5% of probability (.01 =< p < .05)
ns Non-significative (p >= .05)

DF DFE F-krit F p
2 6 10.9248 12.9122 0.0067

AVERAGES AND MEASURES

Averages Treatment
----------------------
1 2.63000 b
2 3.12000 a
3 2.98000 a
----------------------
smd = 0.30483

GA = 2.91000 VC% = 4.18

Midpoint = 2.94000

The Tukey Test at a level of 5% of probability was applied

The averages followed by the same letter do not
differ statisticaly between themselves

Normality of the data (alpha = 5%)

--------------------------------------------
Test (Statistic) Value p-value Normal
Shapiro-Wilk (W) 0.93923 0.57387 Yes
--------------------------------------------

DATA
----------------
2.71 2.63 2.55
2.99 3.04 3.33
3.04 2.99 2.91
----------------
Appendix Table 10 c. Feed Conversion Ratio of Starter Feeds to Broiler Chicken
------------------------------------------------------------------
VS DF SS MS F
------------------------------------------------------------------
Treatments 2 0.46620 0.23310 13.5523 **
Error 6 0.10320 0.01720
------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 8 0.56940
------------------------------------------------------------------
** Significative at a level of 1% of probability (p < .01)
* Significative at a level of 5% of probability (.01 =< p < .05)
ns Non-significative (p >= .05)

DF DFE F-krit F p
2 6 10.9248 13.5523 0.0059

AVERAGES AND MEASURES

Averages Treatment
----------------------
1 2.86333 b
2 3.40333 a
3 3.25333 a
----------------------
smd = 0.32862

GA = 3.17333 VC% = 4.13

Midpoint = 3.20500

The Tukey Test at a level of 5% of probability was applied

The averages followed by the same letter do not
differ statisticaly between themselves

Normality of the data (alpha = 5%)

--------------------------------------------
Test (Statistic) Value p-value Normal
Shapiro-Wilk (W) 0.93709 0.55158 Yes
--------------------------------------------

DATA
----------------
2.95 2.86 2.78
3.26 3.32 3.63
3.32 3.26 3.18
----------------
 9000

8000

7000

6000

5000
Initial
4000 Final

3000

2000

1000

0
R1T2 R2T1 R1T3 R3T1 R3T3 R2T2 R2T3 R3T2 R1T2

Appendix Figure 1. Initial and final weight of broiler chicken

Appendix Figure 2. Housing construction for broiler chicks

 Appendix Figure 3. Brooding stage of broiler chicks

Appendix Figure 4. Transfer of the broiler chicks to their designated cages (A and B)
Figure 5. Transfer of broiler chicksto their designated cages and initial weight recording (A and B)

Appendix
Figure 6. Harvesting and final weight recording of broiler chicken (A and B).
Appendix Figure 6. Harvesting and final weight recording of broiler chicken (C and D).

Appendix Figure 7. Researchers in their final defense