BODY FAT RANGES FOR STANDARD ADULTS

18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
ADULT FEMALE

19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

20 to 39 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

40 to 59 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

60- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

UNDERFAT HEALTHY OVERFAT OBESE

18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
ADULT MALE

19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

20 to 39 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

40 to 59 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

60- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

UNDERFAT HEALTHY OVERFAT OBESE

Gallagher D et al. Am J Clin Nutr 2000, 72:694-701
“healthy percentage body fat ranges: an approach for developing guidelines based on body mass index.”
Jebb S. McCarthy D. Fry T. Prentice AM (2004) New body fat reference curves for children.
Obesity Reviews (NAASO Suppl). A156

BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)

WEIGHT (LBS)
HEIGHT
100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240 245 250
4' 11" 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 44 44 45 46 48 48 49 50
5' 0" 19 21 21 22 23 25 25 26 28 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49
5' 1" 19 20 21 22 22 24 25 25 27 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 42 43 45 45 46 47
5' 2" 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 35 37 37 38 40 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
5' 3" 18 19 20 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 27 29 29 30 31 32 33 34 34 36 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 43 44
5' 4" 17 18 19 20 20 22 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 28 29 30 31 32 33 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 39 41 41 42 43
5' 5" 17 18 18 19 20 21 22 22 24 24 25 26 27 28 28 29 30 31 32 32 33 34 35 36 37 37 38 39 40 41 42
5' 6" 16 17 18 19 19 20 21 22 23 24 24 25 26 27 27 28 29 30 31 31 32 33 34 35 36 36 37 38 39 40 40
5' 7" 16 17 17 18 19 20 20 21 22 23 24 24 25 26 27 27 28 29 30 30 31 32 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 38 39
5' 8" 15 16 17 17 18 19 20 20 22 22 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 28 29 30 31 31 32 33 34 34 35 36 37 37 38
5' 9" 15 16 16 17 18 19 19 20 21 22 22 23 24 24 25 26 27 27 28 29 30 30 31 32 33 33 34 35 36 36 37
5' 10" 14 15 16 17 17 18 19 19 20 21 22 22 23 24 24 25 26 27 27 28 29 30 30 31 32 32 33 34 35 35 36
5' 11" 14 15 15 16 17 18 18 19 20 20 21 22 23 23 24 24 25 26 27 27 28 29 29 30 31 31 32 33 34 34 35
6' 0" 14 14 15 16 16 17 18 18 19 20 20 21 22 23 23 24 25 25 26 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 31 32 33 33 34
6' 1" 13 14 15 15 16 17 17 18 19 19 20 20 21 22 22 23 24 25 25 26 27 27 28 29 29 30 30 31 32 32 33
6' 2" 13 14 14 15 15 16 17 17 18 19 19 20 21 21 22 22 23 24 24 25 26 26 27 28 28 29 30 30 31 32 32
6' 3" 12 13 14 14 15 16 16 17 18 18 19 19 20 21 21 22 23 23 24 24 25 26 26 27 28 28 29 30 30 31 31
6' 4" 12 13 13 14 15 15 16 16 17 18 18 19 20 20 21 21 22 23 23 24 25 25 26 26 27 28 28 29 29 30 30
6' 5" 12 13 13 14 14 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 20 20 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 26 26 27 27 28 29 29 30

UNDERWEIGHT NORMAL OVERWEIGHT OBESE

Report of a WHO consultation on Obesity Geneva, 3-5 June 1997 Source: Adapted from WHO, 1995, WHO, 2000 and WHO 2004

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 BODY FAT RANGES FOR CHILDREN

AGE BODY FAT RANGES FOR GIRLS

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%+

AGE BODY FAT RANGES FOR BOYS

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%+

HEALTH RISKS OF EXCESS FAT IN CHILDREN

Children Adults
Lungs Head Throat
Lungs Head Throat 85% increased risk of asthma
Nystad W et al (2004) Body mass index in
4.6-fold risk of major depression
Onyike CU et al (2003) Is obesity associated with major depression?
Most morbidly obese develop obstructive
sleep apnea
3-fold increased chance of asthma in 12 point reduction in quality-of-life relation to adult asthma among 135,000 Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Aloia MS et al (2005) Examining the construct of
20% increased risk of Norwegian men and women. Am J Epidemiol; 158: 1139-47.
obese girls (QoL) scores depression in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
sleep-related breathing disorders Am J Epidemiol; 160: 969-76.
Wickens K et al (2005) Obesity and asthma in 11-12 5-fold more likely to report impaired Wing YK et al (2003) A controlled study of sleep
Sleep Med; 6: 115-21.
year old New Zealand children in 1989 and 2000. health-related QoL related disordered breathing in obese children.
Thorax; 60: 7-12. Schwimmer JB et al (2003) Health-related quality of
life of severely obese children and adolescents.
Arch Dis Child; 88: 1043-7. Heart Breasts
J Am Med Assoc; 289: 1813-9.
6-fold increased risk of hypertension 2-fold increase in breast cancer
Heart General body Mokdad AH et al (2003) Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and
obesity-related health risk factors, 2001.
Calle EE et al (2003) Overweight, obesity, and mortality
from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of US adults.
3-fold increased risk of hypertension 30% moderately obese and 50% severely obese J Am Med Assoc; 289: 76-9. New Eng J Med; 348: 1625-38.
Sorof J & Daniels S (2002) Obesity hypertension in children suffer from the metabolic syndrome
children: a problem of epidemic proportions. Weiss RN et al (2004) Obesity and the metabolic syndrome
Hypertension; 40: 441-7. in children and adolescents. Liver Pancreas
New Engl J Med; 350: 2362-74.
76% of obese adults have non-alcoholic fatty 7-fold increased risk of diabetes in
Liver liver disease severely obese
77% of obese children have fatty liver disease Pancreas Increased risk of cirrhosis and 4.4-fold Mokdad AH et al (2003) Prevalence of obesity, diabetes,
and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001.
24% of these progress to non-alcoholic increased risk of liver cancer J Am Med Assoc; 289: 76-9.
Type-2 diabetes rapidly becoming more Festi D et al (2004) Hepatic steatosis in obese patients: clinical
steatohepatitis common than type-1 aspects and prognostic significance.
Chan DF et al (2004) Hepatic steatosis in obese Pontiroli AE (2004) Type 2 diabetes mellitus is becoming the Obes Rev; 5: 27-42.
Chinese children. most common type of diabetes in school children. Kidney
Int J Obes; 28: 1257-63. Acta Diabetol; 41: 85-90.
Uterus 1.5 to 2.0-fold increased risk of kidney stones
Taylor EN et al (2005) Obesity, weight gain, and the risk of kidney

Reproductive organs Bones (arm) Weight loss in infertile obese women caused stones.
J Am Med Assoc; 293: 455-62.
90% resumption of ovulation and 78%
Increased risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) 70% increased risk of fracture pregnancy rate
in girls
Silfen ME et al (2003) Early endocrine, metabolic, and
Davidson P et al (2003) Biomechanical analysis of arm fracture in
obese boys.
Clark AM et al (1998) Weight loss in obese infertile women
results in improvement in reproductive outcome for all forms of Bowels
J Paediatr Child Health; 39: 657-664. fertility treatment.
sonographic characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome 93% increased risk of colon cancer + 65%
Hum Reprod; 13: 1502-5.
(PCOS): comparison between non-obese and obese adolescents. increased risk of rectal cancer
J Clin Endocrinol Metab; 88: 4682-8. Pan SY et al (2004) Association of obesity and cancer risk in Canada.
Kidney Ovaries J Epidemiol; 159: 259-68.

Increased risk of impaired renal function

Legs Csernus K et al (2005) Effect of childhood obesity and obesity-related 50% of women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Testes
cardiovascular risk factors on glomerular and tubular protein excretion. (PCOS) are overweight or obese
Reduced exercise tolerance Eur J Pediatr; 164: 44-9. Gambineri A et al (2002) Obesity and the polycystic ovary syndrome.
Marinov B et al (2002) Ventilatory efficiency and rate of perceived exertion Int J Obes; 26: 883-96.
Reduced sperm count
Jensen TK et al (2004) Body mass index in relation to semen quality
in obese and non-obese children performing standardized exercise.
and reproductive hormones among 1,558 Danish men.
Clin Physiol Funct Imaging; 22: 254-60. Fertil Steril; 82: 863-70.
Legs
4.4-fold increase in arthritis
Mokdad AH et al (2003) Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and General body
obesity-related health risk factors, 2001.
J Am Med Assoc; 289: 76-9.
Increased risk of all cancers except lung,
brain, bladder and stomach
Childhood obesity predicts adult health risks Calle EE et al (2003) Overweight, obesity, and mortality from
Raitakari OT et al (2003) Cardiovascular risk factors in childhood cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of US adults.
and carotid artery intima-media thickness in adulthood: the New Eng J Med; 348: 1625-38.

Children to Adults
Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
J Am Med Assoc; 290: 2277-83.
Obese children more likely to become obese adults
Freedman DS et al (2005) The relation of childhood BMI to adult

obesity = excess fat disease

adiposity: the Bogalusa Heart Study.
Pediatrics; 115: 22-7.
Compiled by:
Prof AM Prentice, PhD London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Dr SA Jebb, RD, PhD MRC Human Nutrition Research, Cambridge

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