DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF DISH WASHING MACHINE

1. INTRODUCTION
In India, Dish washing activity is manual process involving considerable human
efforts or with automatic Dish washing machines available in market which are
expensive. Manual Dish washing activity requires more number of people and also it
is time consuming process involving human efforts. Cost required for workers work is
also considerably high. This project intends to solve the problems faced by many
persons in their day-to-day life. Thrust attempt has been made to achieve solution of
above problems with Design and fabrication of dish washermachine with objectives
that it should minimize human efforts and should have low cost with less time
consumption and must have all the basic mechanisms – washing with soda water,
scrubbing with brush and rinsing in clean water.
Main aim of Design and fabrication of dish washer machine is to reduce human
efforts and time with its innovative simple design which is also environment friendly.
A dishwasher is a low cost machine made up of easily and readily available parts in
daily life. The model of Design and fabrication of dish washer machine is new
concept, which in its one washing cycle does all the operations of conventional dish
washing i.e. spraying soda water, scrubbing with brush and clean water similar to
fully automatic dish washer machines in market. The dishwasher operates with help
of DC motor, chain conveyor. Dish which is placed on the chain conveyor enters the
first washing chamber where it is cleaned with soda water and scrubbed with the
brushes. This is then passed to next chamber where it is rinsed with the clean water
and finally moves out with drying as a complete washed dish.
Washing dishes is most commonly done activity in the world, in most of families
people wash dishes by hand which is straining to muscles and detergent is chemically
harmful. As far as manual process is concerned in houses of India, washing is done by
hand scrubbing which is straining to the muscles through its energy and postural
requirements. It may also lead to clinical, anatomical disorders and back pain which
may affect the operator’s health. Many of their household daily routine task are
performed by the women and some can be very physically challenging and
time‐consuming.
So in several ways in which we can improve their lifestyle, and one aspect that we can
improve on is the way they wash their dishes. Currently the daily routine of washing

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dishes is performed by the women, and can be very labor intensive as it is done for up
to several hours each week. The same can be experienced in marriage ceremony with
caterers. In today’s world of Automation Era it is barely possible to find any field that
implemented atomization which reduces Human effort, improves Production rate and
also increases Efficiency.
Then it could be the biggest use of various canteens like manufacturing industry,
Pharmaceutical industry, Hospitality field and even Household or Kitchen
automation. But still our country is not getting enough benefits from automation and
the reason behind this limitation is less Knowledge about automatic products, High
device cost, kind of nascence feeling about atomized devices. However this fear is not
seen in the product which does not involves much Sensors, Complex Electronic
Circuits, and simple easy User Friendly devices. The very familiar example of
Automatic dishwasher. This automatic dishwasher is used on mass scale in foreign
countries, however the same is rarely seen in our country.

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1.1 OBJECTIVES

The major objectives of project are:

1. The main objective of the project is to clean dishes.

2. To reduce human efforts.
3. To reduce time of cleaning.
4. To make available low cost DISH WASHING MACHINE.
5. Fast response compare the manual work

1.2 PROPOSED WORK

1. To studyand understanding of the cleaning of the dishes.

2. Creating conceptual design and fabrication of dish washing machine.

3. Rough sketches of individual component are prepared then assembly drawing is

done.

4. Materials for individual component are selected as well as manufacturing methods

also selected which consist of bill of material and machining processes.

5. Manufacturing of individual components is done and with the help of fabrication

method assembly is done.

6. Testing of the assembly andmodification ofany if required.

7. Approximate estimation of cost.

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2: LITERATURE REVIEW

1) DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF SEMI-AUTOMATIC DISHWASHER

Author-Dhale A. D.,Ghodke L.S, Hase P. U. , Jarag S. V,ShelarS.S
This paper discusses how to reduce human efforts in dishwasher. The dishwasher has
made cleaning and drying dishes much easier and more efficient. This paper also
discusses the problems faced in usage of Automatic Dishwasher and solutions on
those problems. Automatic dishwasher uses large amount of energy, time and is
costly. And being costly, the usage of automatic dishwasher in our country is very
less. By using semi-automatic dishwasher, we can reduce time as well as human
efforts significantly. Also by using plastic material for casing part, the overall weight
of the assembly is also reduced.
By separating assembly in 3 parts for washing of dishes, rinsing of dishes and
washing of glasses, large amount of work can be done in considerably lesser time. In
conventional dish washing process large amount of human power as well as quantity
of water is used. So keeping that in mind, to reduce this Design and fabrication of dish
washer is developed. Also we can use this in places where there is vast use of dishes
for example, marriage ceremony.

2)“DESIGN OF BASIC MODEL OF DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF DISH

WASHER MACHINE”
Author- Shilpa N. Dehedkar
Main aim of Design and fabrication of dish washer machine is to reduce human
efforts and time with its innovative simple design which is also environment friendly.
A dishwasher is a low cost machine made up of easily and readily available parts in
daily life. The model of Design and fabrication of dish washer machine is new
concept, which in its one washing cycle does all the operations of conventional dish
washing i.e. spraying soda water, scrubbing with brush and rinsing with clean water
similar to fully automatic dish washer machines in market.
The dishwasher operates with help of DC motor, Universal motor, conveyor belt and
microcontroller for time delay. Dish which is placed on the conveyor belt enters the
first washing chamber where it is cleaned with soda water and scrubbed withthe

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brushes. This is then passed to next chamber where it is rinsed with the clean water
and finally moves out as a complete washed dish.

3)DESIGN FABRICATION AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF

SEMI-AUTOMATIC DISHWASHING MACHINE FOR DOMESTIC
PURPOSE
Author- Kshirsagar P.R, SolkarR. I, Hodekar A.M, Nikam M.P, Shinde B.G

In this paper objective of the project is to design and fabricate semiautomatic

dishwasher that is efficient and overcome the human work. In market existing
dishwasher, the spray arm is not sufficient to spray water in each part of the dish. So
keeping this in mind, we designed the circular rack and spray arm in center of the
machine which will spray the water equally and effectively in each and every area of
dish. The machine has less cycle time, less energy consumption, less water required
for cleaning as compare to manual machine.

4) DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC DISH

WASHER
Author-BhorRohanBhimaji,ChoudhariOnkarKisan,DeshmukhKishorSopan,
HegadeAbhinavUttam, Prof. GaikwadSwapnil.
This paper represents the new and simple design of fabrication of mechanical
dishwasher. This design over comes the high cost and large space required to previous
dishwasher Main objective of Design and fabrication of dishwashing machine is to
reduce the cost of fully automatic dish washing machine and give good cleaning
performance. It requires less energy and less water consumption. Time of washing
dish can be adjusted as per customer requirement. In this system multi Jet Technology
is used to clean Utensils. Multi jet system will be used to clean utensil from all side.

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5) TITLE- REVIEW OF DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF DISH WASHER

MACHINE
Author - Prof. Pankaj H. Jaiswal, Vaibhav V. Chitriv, Praful C. Panchabhai3,Mohit H.
Solanki, Yogesh S. Date.
This review deals with Design and fabrication of dish washer machine. The schematic
diagram of Design and fabrication of dish washer machine is elaborated. The history
of requirements of human effort, time consumption and power consumption is also
discussed. Type of construction is also analyzed. Latest literature surveys were carried
out to improve the systems. The basic principle of operation is systematically viewed
in this paper and its future scope.

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3: PROBLEM DEFINATION

The various research paper discusses how to reduce human efforts in conventional
dishwashing process. The dishwasher has made cleaning and drying dishes much
easier and more efficient. This project work has been conceived having studied the
difficulty in washing the any type of plates. Our survey in the regard in several home,
revealed the facts that mostly some difficulty occurs in washing the dish in Hand. The
washing power contains the chemical substances and this is reacting with human
hand.

Now the project has mainly concentrated on this difficulty, and hence a suitable
device has been designed. Such that the dish washing can be done without application
of any impact force. By using semi-automatic dishwasher, we can reduce time as well
as human efforts significantly. In conventional dish washing process large amount of
human power as well as quantity of water is used. So keeping that in mind, to reduce
this Design and fabrication of dish washer machine will developed.

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4.METHODOLOGY

This study/project would be consisting of following step of working:

1. Project identification
2. Project literature study
3. Field work
4. Design stage
5. System drawing
6. Material procurement
7. Manufacturing stage
8. Fabrication of assembly
9. Trials
10. Testing
11. Conclusion
12. Report and project presentation

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5.CONSTRUCTION

5.1 COMPONENTS OF MACHINE

1. Main Frame

Main frame is the basic structure of model. The frame is made up of mild steel square
bar of cross section 4.6*4*1 feet. It is fabricated by using channel of uniform cross
section.

The vital function of the frame is to damp vibrations generated due to motor and
friction. It should be rigid enough to absorb all vibrations and rigid to support the
parts.

The frame is well fabricated by using arc welding to be strong enough to absorb
shocks.

The frame is produced by using standard section channel. Wide variety in section size
is available selection as per requirement is done to satisfy the purpose.

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2. Scrubber Motor:

We are using dc motor. Motor is an “electric device which converts

electricalenergy into mechanical work”. It works on 12 V DC supply. The speed of
motor can be increased and decreased by using 12 volt DC driver.This motors are
used to drive the Scrubber brushes -

3. Belt Drive:
In this project, we are used belt drive mechanism for travel of plate. One Drum is
attached to motor and another is to shaft which is fitted in bearing. The both drums
are made of M.S material, Synthetic rubber with cotton belt are used to drive drum

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4.Pallets:
A steel clamp is a fastening device used to hold or secure objects tightly together to
prevent movement or separation through the application of inward pressure.

5. Scrubber:
We are used wood round brushes and as a scrubbing element. In this project we had
7-8 trials for the scrubbing selection, after that this two brushes are selected .these
brushes are used for scrubbing at dynamicposition .

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6. Nozzle:
There are two nozzles are used for pre-wash and after-wash which is connected to
outlet of the pump discharge pipe. Nozzles are flow adjustable. Due to flow can
control as per requirement.

7. Permanent magnet DC motor

There is Permanent magnet DC motor is used for drive the belts conveyor. The motor
has 180 w power and 80 rpm and 180 v are required.

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8.Speed Controller:
An electronic speed control or ESC is an electronic circuit that controls and
regulates the speed of an electric motor. It may also provide reversing of the motor
and dynamic braking.to control the speed of their drive motors.

9.Submersible Pumps:

The high quality small submersible two pumps are used for water supply. One pump
is used for supply pure water and other is used for supply detergent water.

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10.Bearing;
A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only the desired
motion, and reduces friction between moving parts. Rotarybearings hold rotating
components such as shaftsor axles within mechanical systems, and transfer axial and
radial loads from the source of the load to the structure supporting it. we use there are
4 bearings.

11.M.S shaft:

A shaft is a rotating machine element, usually circular in cross section, which is used
to transmit power from one part to another,The various members such
as pulleys and drums are mounted on it. The material used for ordinary shafts is mild
steel.

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6.WORKING PRINCIPLE
6.1. INITIAL CONCEPT

The working principle of the dishwasher is to provide the mechanical action necessary
to distribute and direct the detergent solution and rinse waters over, under and around
the dishes to loosen and remove oil. The dishwasher must also remove oil-laden
waters from the machine after each phase of the cycle and provide for the drying of
dishes after the cleaning process has been completed.
The motor is coupled with the belt conveyor is used to convey plates. clamps are used
to hold plate properly against scrubber. The high forced normal water is sprayed on
dish by water pump for pre-wash and after-wash. Detergent water is sprayed on dish
while scrubbing. Then it is passed to pure water stage for complete washing.

A dishwasher is a mechanical device for cleaning dishware and cutlery. Unlike

manual dishwashing, which relies largely on physical scrubbing to remove soiling, the
mechanical dishwasher cleans by spraying hot water, typically between 45 and 75 °C
(110 and 170 °F), at the dishes, with lower temperatures used for delicate items.

A mix of water and dishwasher detergent is pumped to one or more rotating spray
arms, which blast the dishes with the cleaning mixture. Once the wash is finished, the
water is drained, more hot water enters the tub by means of an electro-mechanical
solenoid, and the rinse cycle begins. After the rinse cycle finishes and the water is
drained, and the dishes are dried using one of several drying methods. Typically a
rinse-aid, a chemical to reduce surface tension of the water, is used to reduce water
spots from hard water or other reasons.

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6.2Mechanism

The Dishes are washed in Design and fabrication of dish washer machine.The
machine mainly consisting three steps.
1. Pre-wash (pure water)
2.Washingwith detergent water & scrubbing with brush
3. After wash (pure water)
In traditional washing of dish, first step is to clear the wastage food on plate and then
scrub it with detergent. Here also, we are following same first step in which the dirty
dish which has to be wash is put in first washing chamber. Where pre-washing of dish
takes place.
The chain conveyor is operated by using DC motor. So that dish will move with
complete one by one step as above fig. In this chamber, pressurized spray of normal
water and detergent water is thrown on dish with the help of nozzles.
6.3ADVANTAGES

Advantages of Dish Washing machine are:

1. Easy in operation.
2. Low cost.
3. Simple construction.
4. Adaptable.
5. Less operation and maintenance cost.
6. Performance.
7. Easy to setup
8. Light weight and no skill worker required
9. Easy maintenance.
6.4 DISADVANTAGES
1.Only dishes can be washed

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6.5 APPLICATIONS :

1. In hotels
2. In marriage ceremony
3. caterers
4. Used in temple food grains
5. large parties
6. Industry canteen
7. College mess
8. Army and emergency camp when time is most important

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6.6 COMPARISION

Sr. No. Parameters Conventional Mulch paper

method (Manual) laying machine

1. Time required to wash dish High Comparatively very

less

2. Number of labors required More (around 3-4) Less (around 2)

3. Accuracy of operation Relatively less High

(depends on labor
skill)

4. Initial cost Negligible High

5. Operation cost High Very low

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7. DESIGN AND CALCULATIONS

7.1 DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF DISH WASHING MACHINE

This chapter comprises model of dish washing machine. It also describes the design of
dish washing machine components and its fabrication. Further its describes the
working of this machine.

 SYSTEM DRAWING

Fig: Dish washer

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7.1.1 Design Of Dishwashing Machine Components

This subchapter involves design of machine components i.e. flat belt conveyer and
motor selection for motor selection weight calculation of conveyer of conveyer
pulley. Conveyer belt and dishes is done. The chapter also involves the design of key,
welding joints.

7.1.2 Design of Flat Belt Conveyer

Fig 3.1.1 represents the drawing of flat belt conveyer. Its design includes deciding
number of dishes to be placed on conveyer at one time, Centre to Centre distance
between conveyer pulleys and length of conveyer belt.

Fig.7.1.1: Flat belt conveyer

Let, d=Diameter of one dish=275mm

c=Clearance between two dishes including stoppers=20mm

D=D *=Diameter of conveyer pulley=210mm

At one time total four dishes are there, one dish for loading at same time one dish for
scrubbing and one for cleaning with fresh water and dish for unloading

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Length of conveyer(l),

l =(d+20)*4

=(275+20)*4

l = 1180mm

l =1200mm

Centre to center distance of conveyer(L*),

L* =l+( )

=1200+( )

L =1410mm

L* =1500mm

Wrap angle,

( )

= 180-2

180

Total length of the conveyer belt,

L = circumference of pulley +2L*

= +2L*

L= 3659.73 mm

L= 3.6 m

Speed of the pulley,

1 revolution = circumference of the pulley

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1 revolution =

=659.73 rpm

No. of revolution required to cover total length of belt in one minute

=Total length of conveyer belt/circumference of the pulley

= 5.5

=6 revolution

V=

V = 0.066 m/s

7.1.3 Weight Calculation of Dish Washing Machine Components

1) Weight of one dish = 350gm

=0.35kg

There will be total four dishes on conveyer belt

Total weight of dish = 0.3

=1.4 kg

= 13.73N
2) Conveyer belt :-

Material used in canvas.

Density, = 1220kg/

Belt dimensions -

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Length= 3659.73 mm

=3.6 m

Width =100 mm

= 0.1 m

Thickness = 6 mm

= 0.006 m

Weight of belt,

M=

=1220 3.6

=2.63kg

Weight = 25.85N

7.1.4.Belt tension:-

We know that for a open belt drive,

Angle of contact beween belt and pulley is,

=(180-2 )

=(180-2*0)

=3.14 rad.

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2.3 =µθ

2.3 =0.20×3.14

=1.875
We know that power transmission is,
P= - ×v
0.18643 = - ×0.066
0.18643 = 0.066 -0.066
By solving this equation we get,

=5.98N
=3.191N
Mass of the belt per meter length is,
M = Area ×Length Density
=(b×t)×Length×Density
= (0.1×0.006)×1×1220
=0.732kg/m
Centrifugal tension on belt,

= 0.732

= 3.18

T = Tension in the tight side +Centrifugal tension

=5.98+3.18

=5.98N

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= 4.58N

3) Conveyor Pulley

Drum:-

Length= 110mm

= 0.11m

Diameter= 210mm

=0.21m

Weight= 2.6kg

= 25.67N

Total weight = Weight of shaft +Weight of conveyor belt +Weight of conveyor drum
+ Belt tension +Weight of dish

=29.43+25.85+25.67+5.98+13.73

7.1.5 Selection of Belt

We know speed of conveyor = 20rpm

Centre distance between pulleys = 1500mm

Diameter of pulley = 210mm

Velocity,

V=

= 0.219 m/s

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 Arc of contact factor (Fd) = 1

 Maximum power (

=
= 0.180kW
 Corrected belt rating =
= 4.1811
 Selection of belt
width

= 430.5
Belt width,
For 3 piles, W = = 143.5
For 4 piles, W =
Therefore we selected belt of width 100mm and 4 piles
The material of the belt is canvas.

7.1.6 Selection of Motor

Motor is one of the major components of dishwashing machine. One motor will drive
conveyor and brushes simultaneously with the help of belt and pulleys.

Motor Torque:

T = Total weight perpendicular distance

=w

= 100.66

T = 75.495 N.m

Motor power:-

P=

P = 158.1163W

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P = 0.21 HP

DC Induction motor is selected, which is best suitable for constant speed conveyor.

7.1.7 Design of shaft

We selected material MS for shaft with properties,

The total weight lying on shaft will be weight of

1.Conveyor pulley = 25.67 N

2. Belt tension = 5.98 N

Therefore, it will apply UDL i.e. Uniformly Distributed Load of 31.65 N over 110
mm.

31.65N

Fig.shaft with udl

Converting UDL into point load,

31.65

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3481.5N/mm

RA RB

Fig shaft with point load

+ =3481.5 N

 Bending Moment at C is ,

=1740.75

Torsion Moment,

√ ………………….eq(1)

Where,

Combined shock and fatigue factor applied to bending moment=1.5

Combined shock and fatigue factor applied to torsion moment=1

0.3

=0.3

=159

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OR

0.18

=0.18 660

=118.8

Select minimum value of

118.8

Put values of and in eq (1)

d=27.11mm≈ 28mm

 Selection of Bearing

Since shaft dia. is 25mm and the bearing is subjected to radial load of 2 KN and there
is no thrust load .the expected life of bearing is 10000 hours.

1.Fr = 2KN = 2000N,Fa=0, d=25mm

2.Type:Single row deep grove ball bearing

3.Since there is no axial load,

P=Fr=2000N

4.Life of bearing,

=12 million revolution

5.Dynamic load carrying capacity.

⁄
C=P

⁄
C=2000 (

C=4578.8569

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From Table,We select Bearing is 6205

 Design of key

Type of key= SQUARE KEY

= =

Fs=3

d=28mm

B=8mm

H=4mm

Where,

Yield strength of the material,

Fs=factor of safety

B=Width of key

H=Depth of key

d=diameter of the shaft

 Permissible compressive shear stress theory of failure,

=0.5

=265

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=88.33 N/

 Torque transmitted by the shaft

Mt=

Mt=

Mt = 85943.66 N.mm

 Key length.

I=

I =36.65m ,The length of the key should be =40mm

7.1.8 Design of welding joint

Strength of parallel fillet weld is,

P=0.707

Where,

P=tensile force of plate (N)

h=leg of the weld (mm)

l=length of the weld (mm)

Usually there are two welds of equal length on two sides of vertical plate.

P=2(0.0707 )

=1.414

For determining required length of the weld, 15 should be added to length of each
weld.

In case static load,

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t=94 N/mm2

p
= 0.707×1×1×94

2×103 = 0.707×1×1×94

l = 30 i.e.

l = 30+15

l =45 mm

P = 2 KN

T = 94

Primary shear stress:-

Total area of two vertical welds,

A = 2(40×t)

= (80×t) mm2

Primary shear stress in weld is given by,

1 = P/A

= 2000/80×t

= 25/t N/mm2

Bending stress:-

The moment of inertia of two weld about x-axis

I = 2( )

= (10.67×103×t) mm4

Bending stress,

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I = M.I of all welds based on throat area

Y = Distance of point in weld from neutral axis

b=

= N/mm2

Maximum shear stress

The maximum principle shear stress in weld is given by

= √( )

= √((〖 )〗 ) ( )

Size of weld

The permissible shear stress in weld is 94 N/mm2

= 94

t = 5.98 mm

h=

H = 8.46 mm

7.1.9 Pump selection:

Pump selection is depends upon following parameters –

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1) Application (depends upon discharge required)

2) Available of electrical supply.
3) Type of motor.

We take example to selection of pump with Practical example

Water required to 4 sec

= 66.66 ml/sec

66.66 ×4 =266.64 ml/sec

Water required to clean the one dish in 270 ml/sec then 16 dishes passes through
clean stations in 1 minute.

For 10 dish

16 ×270 =4320 ml/min

Pump selection

1)Required quantity of water =4.3 lit/min

2)Head required is =5 ft.

Hence we select submersible pump to full-filled above requirement.

Specifications are

230V,180 W (available supply)

Head =10 ft

Discharge = 5 Lpm(lit/min).

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8: COST ESTIMATION

SR.NO. MATERIAL QTY COST

1 DC MOTOR 1 8000
2 BELT DRIVE 1 1270
3 DRUM 2 1100
4 PALLETS 9 630
5 PUMP 2 480
6 BEARING 4 950
7 P.V.C. PIPE 3M 100

8 WATER TANK 2 200

9 NOZZLE 3 60

10 SCRUBBING PULLEY 1 750

11 M.S.SHAFT 2 670

12 M.S SQUARE BAR 1 1500

TOTAL COST 15710

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CHAPTER9:INDIVISUALWORKINGACTIVITY(PHOTOS) AND
FINAL PROJECT

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CHAPTER 10:
Testing Report:

Percentage of
Sr. No energy No of dishes /hr Man Efficiency is
consumption 40%

1 40 240 96

2 50 360 144

3 70 500 200

4 80 700 280

Result-

In this Project we are trying to reduce human effort for manual dish washing
process or method and increasing the efficiency of dish washing.

Compare to manual dish washing it’s too much fast.

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CHAPTER 11: CONCLUSION

11.1 CONCLUSION

The basic model of Design and fabrication of dish washer machine is designed to
reduce human efforts with saving in time while increasing the efficiency for washing
a dish. It satisfies the need of small restaurants or family which are not able to buy
expensive full automatic machine. The model is built with very basic material and can
be more standardize by altering motor used .The product designed has minimal
operating cost, cost effective, eco-friendly and it can be used with almost zero efforts.

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CHAPTER 12:FEATURES SCOPE

Mid-to-higher end North American dishwashers often come with hard food disposal
units, which behave like miniature garbage (waste) disposal units that eliminate large
pieces of food waste from the wash water. One manufacturer that is known for
omitting hard food disposals is Bosch, a German brand; however, Bosch does so in
order to reduce noise. If the larger items of food waste are removed before placing in
the dishwasher, pre-rinsing is not necessary even without integrated waste disposal
units.

Many new dishwashers feature microprocessor-controlled, sensor-assisted wash

cycles that adjust the wash duration to the quantity of dirty dishes (sensed by changes
in water temperature) or the amount of dirt in the rinse water (sensed
chemically/optically). This can save water and energy if the user runs a partial load.

In such dishwashers the electromechanicalrotary switch often used to control the

washing cycle is replaced by a microprocessor but most sensors and valves are still
required to be present. However, pressure switches (some dishwashers use a pressure
switch and flow meter) are not required in most microprocessor controlled
dishwashers as they use the motor and sometimes a rotational position sensor to sense
the resistance of water; when it senses there is no cavitation it knows it has the
optimal amount of water. A bimetal switch or wax motor opens the detergent door
during the wash cycle.

Some dishwashers include a child-lockout feature to prevent accidental starting or

stopping of the wash cycle by children.

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CHAPTER 13: REFERENCES

13.1 REFERENCES

1. National Conference on Innovative Trends in Science and Engineering (NC-

ITSE'16) ISSN: 2321-8169 Volume: 4 Issue: 7

2. SSRG International Journal of Mechanical Engineering (SSRG-IJME) –

volume 4 Issue 3–March 2017

3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-

ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 02 | Feb -2017 p-ISSN: 2395-0072

4. “Powered Clothes Washer”by JunaidBaig, AnasuyaBarik,

PrathameshBaikerikar, AnoopGhuge in International Journal of Engineering
Research & Technology (IJERT)

5. Ozcevik, O; Brebbia, C. A.; Sener, S. M. (2015-05-19). Sustainable

Development and Planning VII. WIT Press. p. 794. ISBN 9781845649241

6. Zoller,Uri (2008-10-29).Handbook of Detergents, Part E: Applications.

pp. 60–62.ISBN 9781574447576.CRC Press.

7. Washing machinehttp://lemelson.mit.edu/resources/josephine-cochrane.

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