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Steel Frame

Steel frame construction uses a skeleton frame of vertical steel columns and horizontal I-beams arranged in a rectangular grid to support floors, roofs, and walls. This technique allowed for the construction of skyscrapers. The steel columns and beams are connected by bolts or rivets, with columns having thicker flanges than beams to withstand compressive stresses. The frame must be protected from fire by encasing steel components in fire-resistant materials like concrete or plasterboard to prevent weakening and potential collapse at high temperatures.

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Jovan Bucol
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48 views1 page

Steel Frame

Steel frame construction uses a skeleton frame of vertical steel columns and horizontal I-beams arranged in a rectangular grid to support floors, roofs, and walls. This technique allowed for the construction of skyscrapers. The steel columns and beams are connected by bolts or rivets, with columns having thicker flanges than beams to withstand compressive stresses. The frame must be protected from fire by encasing steel components in fire-resistant materials like concrete or plasterboard to prevent weakening and potential collapse at high temperatures.

Uploaded by

Jovan Bucol
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Steel frame

Steel frame is a building technique with a "skeleton frame" of vertical steel columns and horizontal I-
beams, constructed in a rectangular grid to support the floors, roof and walls of a building which are
all attached to the frame. The development of this technique made the construction of
the skyscraperpossible.

Concept[edit]
The rolled steel "profile" or cross section of steel columns takes the shape of the letter "I". The two
wide flanges of a column are thicker and wider than the flanges on a beam, to better
withstand compressive stress in the structure. Square and round tubular sections of steel can also
be used, often filled with concrete. Steel beams are connected to the columns with bolts and
threaded fasteners, and historically connected by rivets. The central "web" of the steel I-beams is
often wider than a column web to resist the higher bending moments that occur in beams.
Wide sheets of steel deck can be used to cover the top of the steel frame as a "form"
or corrugated mold, below a thick layer of concrete and steel reinforcing bars. Another popular
alternative is a floor of precast concrete flooring units with some form of concrete topping. Often in
office buildings, the final floor surface is provided by some form of raised flooring system with the
void between the walking surface and the structural floor being used for cables and air handling
ducts.
The frame needs to be protected from fire because steel softens at high temperature and this can
cause the building to partially collapse. In the case of the columns this is usually done by encasing it
in some form of fire resistant structure such as masonry, concrete or plasterboard. The beams may
be cased in concrete, plasterboard or sprayed with a coating to insulate it from the heat of the fire or
it can be protected by a fire-resistant ceiling construction. Asbestos was a popular material for
fireproofing steel structures up until the early 1970s, before the health risks of asbestos fibres were
fully understood.
The exterior "skin" of the building is anchored to the frame using a variety of construction techniques
and following a huge variety of architectural styles. Bricks, stone, reinforced concrete, architectural
glass, sheet metal and simply paint have been used to cover the frame to protect the steel from the
weather.

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