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Social Theory: A Beginner's Guide To

This introductory chapter provides an overview of social theories and perspectives including functionalism, conflict theories, and action theories. It discusses the purpose of social theories in helping to understand everyday life and society.

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kanwal rashidi
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
124 views289 pages

Social Theory: A Beginner's Guide To

This introductory chapter provides an overview of social theories and perspectives including functionalism, conflict theories, and action theories. It discusses the purpose of social theories in helping to understand everyday life and society.

Uploaded by

kanwal rashidi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A Beginner’s Guide to

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Cultural values and other


symbols of legitimacy

Religious organization Polity


and religious conflict (the state)

Education
(schooling)

The family Social differentiation


(organization of age and inequality
and sex roles) (class, regional, cultural)

Economy (division of labor;


level of technological development)

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[4] The articulation
of a problem or
[1] Historical setting and pattern of problems and its/ [8] Outcome. Any
structural changes with respect to: their definition given outcome
primarily in individual [6] The articulation constitutes a kind
a. Cultural values terms, i.e., in terms and mobilization of temporary ‘‘truce
b. Religious organization that can be altered characterized by (4) point’’ in the ongoing
c. Family primarily by and (5) do not occur sociopolitical drama
[7] The activation of
d. Economy socialization/ in a sociopolitical and continues on or
the political system,
e. Social differentiation and class education as social void, but comes into sets a new ‘‘gyroscopic
involving organized
f. The polity control (ideological play upon a changing path,’’ along which the
conflict, negotiation,
leadership). field of interests of educational structure
compromise, and
[2] The perceived [3] The availability groups or classes moves. The gyroscope
binding decisions
occurrence of (existence) of with moral, status, can, however, be
(including innovation,
events and/or criteria (values, [5] The mobilization political, and/or deflected at any time
defeat, stalemate,
development of norms, world view) of support (social economic interests at by recurrence of new
and refusal to commit
situations that are that permit the movement, political stake. Out of this social problems
resources to change).
potentially identification of pressure, activation of field arise various (arising from the
traceable to the the events and existing groups) for counterarticulations 1–2–3 dynamics)
structures and situations of (2) binding commitment and counter- and new processes
structural changes as problematic and to some organizational mobilizations. of political conflict,
noted in (1). calling for purposive change and disposition resolution, and
action. of resources to that outcome.
change (political
leadership).

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The mode of production

Superstructure:
the realm of culture, politics and ideas

the superstructure is determined by the economic base

The Economic Base is made up of two parts

1 the Relations of Production – this means class relations


2 the Forces of Production – made up of all the things from nature
that we need to produce commodities

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