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Air Pollution Control

This document discusses strategies for reducing air pollution from road transport through improved fuels and vehicle technologies. It outlines key programs from UNEP to avoid and shift road transport and improve vehicle and fuel standards. Adopting fuel standards of 50 ppm sulfur or less and vehicle emissions standards of Euro IV and above can significantly reduce particulate matter pollution. Partnerships like the Partnership for Clean Fuels and Vehicles and Climate and Clean Air Coalition promote cleaner fuels and vehicles globally. Combining cleaner fuels with advanced emission control technologies in vehicles provides major air quality and climate benefits.

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59 views22 pages

Air Pollution Control

This document discusses strategies for reducing air pollution from road transport through improved fuels and vehicle technologies. It outlines key programs from UNEP to avoid and shift road transport and improve vehicle and fuel standards. Adopting fuel standards of 50 ppm sulfur or less and vehicle emissions standards of Euro IV and above can significantly reduce particulate matter pollution. Partnerships like the Partnership for Clean Fuels and Vehicles and Climate and Clean Air Coalition promote cleaner fuels and vehicles globally. Combining cleaner fuels with advanced emission control technologies in vehicles provides major air quality and climate benefits.

Uploaded by

And yug
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fuel and Vehicle

Technologies
for
Air Pollution
Reduction

Vladimir Moshkalo
Moscow, December 2013
The challenge & opportunity in
road transport
UNEP Transport Unit: Key Programmes

Avoid:
Share the Road

Shift:
Low Carbon Mobility: India
Bus Rapid Transit: Africa
+ Improve
Highly Effective Interventions

• Fuel quality: 50 ppm or below


sulfur in fuels

• Vehicle emission standards:


Euro IV, Euro V, Euro VI

• Black Carbon, PM

• Auto Fuel Economy


Partnership for Clean Fuels and
Vehicles

Leading global initiative to


promote cleaner fuels and
vehicles at global, regional and
national level

Public – private partnership – 100


members
Governments – NGOs – oils &
vehicles - international
organisations

Global campaigns:
• Phase out leaded petrol
• Introduce low sulfur fuels PCFV well established and
• Introduce vehicles emissions recognized
standards
Climate and Clean Air Coalition
(CCAC)

Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles and Engines initiative:


• Global Fuel Sulfur Strategy
• Global Green Freight Declaration and Charter
• Ports
The Global Auto Fleet
… is set to triple….

…. with 90% of this growth taking


place in developing countries…..

IEA 2011
Co-benefits: climate efforts will reduce
outdoor air pollution (and vice versa)

• PM2.5, BC, GHG reductions linked

• Measures to reduce emissions of


greenhouse gases to 50% of 2005 levels,
by 2050, can reduce the number of
premature deaths from the chronic
exposure to air pollution by 20 to 40%.
(Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (pbl) 2005)

• 1/4 of global Black Carbon emissions


come from diesel engines burning high-
sulfur fuel
“Air Pollution Is a Leading Cause of Cancer”
WHO IARC, October 17, 2013

Particulate matter affects more people than any other pollutant.”


WHO 2011

•Small particulates are responsible for an estimated 3.2 million


premature deaths annually. (HEI 2012)

This is what 500


micrograms/cubic meter
looks like.
Transport Key to CO2 Reductions: fuel consumption, CO2 from cars to double 2000-2050 (IEA)

World LDV CO2 emissions, business as usual vs GFEI, million tonnes (Mt) CO2, GFEI intervention (IEA 2009)

5000
Business as
Usual
4500

4000

3500 BAU
Stabilization
3000

2500

2000
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
25% of BC from transport, diesel

Source: ICCT and Bond, 2009


Cleaner Fuels + Vehicles =
Systems Approach
Vehicle Emission Standards
 Diesel particulate filters (DPFs) can
virtually eliminate black carbon particles
• Clean, low sulfur fuels = direct link to PM
emissions
– Fuel quality: 50 ppm or below sulfur in
fuels

– Vehicle emission standards: Euro IV


and above.by 2050
2006

2013
Low Sulphur Fuels reduce PM directly, open door to
emission controls and advanced technology

Diesel
500 ppm, 50
oxidation
catalyst
ppm critical
vehicle
technology
breakpoints for
catalysts and
Diesel
particle filter filters
Filters & tailpipe emissions
• Reductions of 85% in Black Carbon
Combined Euro 6 + clean fuels

Global non-CO2 climate benefits of Accelerated Policy (Euro VI vehicle standards) relative to
Baseline scenario in 2030. Positive numbers indicate a warming effect and negative numbers
indicate a cooling effect.
Source: ICCT Health Climate Roadmap 2013
Global non-CO2 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from
on-road vehicles under the Baseline and Accelerated
Policy

Source: ICCT Health Climate Roadmap 2013


Russia

• Russia’s planned vehicle standards do not


go beyond Euro V…

• But 10 ppm fuels will be available by 2015


due to massive refinery investments

• A Euro VI-equivalent standard is possible


for both light and heavy duty vehicles –
capitalize on clean fuel investments!
http://www.unep.org/transport/
www.unep.org/pcfv
http://www.unep.org/ccac/

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