SAN SEBASTIAN COLLEGE RECOLLETOS

Manila
Surigao Extension Campus
Surigao City

LEVEL OF AWARENES OF THE PERSONNEL WORKING AT THE

PORT OF LIPATA , SURIGAO CITY IN DETECTING HUMAN
TRAFFICKING CASES

A Thesis proposal presented to The Faculty of Juris Doctor

San Sebastian College Recoletos
Surigao City

By:

RAFFY M. LAFUENTE
JD-IV
 INTRODUCTION

Widespread as it is - Human Trafficking is a worldwide menace that the world leaders

wanting to stop it. The Philippines is not spare from this problem, as a matter of fact it

ranks as one of those countries with high recorded cases. In particular, Mindanao is

the favorite hub of the traffickers where poverty and human greed are prevalent in this

area.

So what is Human Trafficking? It has been defined differently by various organization

both local and internationals but most human trafficking cases follow same pattern

although it may vary from one case to another. According to the report of United

Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC) , Human Trafficking is an act whereby

people are abducted or recruited in a country of origin; (2) transferred through transit

regions; and then (3) exploited in a destination country.

In the Philippines, RA 10364 otherwise known as “Expanded Anti-trafficking in

Persons Act of 2012” section 3 provides “Trafficking in Persons - refers to the

recruitment, transportation, transfer or harboring, or receipt of persons with or without

the victim's consent or knowledge, within or across national borders by means of threat

or use of force, or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of power

or of position, taking advantage of the vulnerability of the person, or, the giving or

receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control

over another person for the purpose of exploitation which includes at a minimum, the

exploitation or the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced

labor or services, slavery, servitude or the removal or sale of organs.

The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of a child for the purpose

of exploitation shall also be considered as "trafficking in persons" even if it does not

involve any of the means set forth in the preceding paragraph.”

On the basis of the definition given in the foregoing, it appears that there are three

constituent elements.

 The Act (what is done) - Recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or

receipt of persons.

 The Means (How it is done) - Threat or use of force, coercion, abduction, fraud,

deception, abuse of power or vulnerability, or giving payments or benefits to a

person in control of the victim

 The Purpose (Why it is done) - For the purpose of exploitation, which includes

exploiting the prostitution of others, sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery or

similar practices and the removal of organs.

It is unfortunate that most of us Filipinos are not aware of the elements of the said

crime. Probably, there might be instances that in our presence the act has been

committed, someone is committing or trying to perpetrate an offense but we are

unaware that human trafficking already takes place. Thus, occurrence of unrecorded

Human Trafficking Act is highly probable.

Apparently, the Port of Lipata, Surigao City has been identified as one of the human-

smuggling transit points in the Mindanao. The Port of Lipata connects Mindanao and

Visayas through a RoRo Terminal System. Some of the victims from across the

Mindanao are being transported to Luzon and Visayas through this port facility.
There are already a number of recorded intercepted cases of Human Trafficking at the

Port of Lipata. That’s why, sometime on 2007, the Philippine Ports Authority with the

aid of US government built a half-way house at the Port of Lipata. The facility serves

a temporary holding area for women and children who have been victims of human-

trafficking and white slavery.

On 2008, the Visayan Forum Foundation, Inc, (VFFI), a non-government organization

took over the operation of the half-way house facility as part of their mission to

implement an effective measures on anti-trafficking measures. But their authority to

operate lasted only until 2012.

To date, a number of frontline personnel in the port lack formal capacitation on

detecting human trafficking acts and skills on how to address as such if confronted

with the situation. Likewise, the half-way house facility is no longer operating as it used

to be during the VFFI’s stint.

Significance of the Study

The researcher believes that there are already a number of unrecorded cases that

occured at the Port Lipata and even worst these are still happening even up to this

moment but remain undetected due to the lack of awareness and knowledge by the

personnel working at the Port of Lipata on the acts constituting trafficking in persons

as enunciated in the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003 as amended by RA 10364

Expanded Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2012.

The researcher further believes that it is through this study that the gaps between the

actual knowledge/awareness and sufficient knowledge/awareness may be levelled-

off through the recommendation of this study.

Increase in number of intercepted cases is then expected and hopefully decrease in

actual cases whether recorded or unrecorded due to the increasing awareness of the

public of the many forms of trafficking.

 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Trafficking in persons is a crime against humanity.

It’s been called the “modern day slavery”. Philippines is in the cusp of this global

concern because it is identified as a source, transit and destination country for men,

women and children trafficked for the purposes of labor and sexual exploitation. Since

the passage of the law in 2003, the number of cases trafficking has steadily increased

which can be attributed to the growing awareness of the public of the many forms of

trafficking. This consciousness raising by our people is a result of the massive

information campaign conducted by government and non-government organizations.

[Sec Imelda M. Nicolas, chairperson, Primer on RA 9208 ]

The Republic Act (R.A) 9208, also known as the Anti-trafficking in Persons Act of 2003,

institute policies to eliminate trafficking in persons especially women and children. It

establishes the necessary institutional mechanisms to protect and support trafficked

persons, and provides penalties for its violations. In 2012, the R.A 9208 was amended

through the R.A. 10364 also known as the Expanded Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act.

Background of Republic Act No. 9208

The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UN CTOC)

was adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession on November 15,

2000. The UN CTOC is supplemented by three protocols: (1) the Protocol to Prevent,

Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children; (2) the

Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air; and, (3) the Protocol

against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, their Parts and
Components and Ammunition.

On December 14, 2000, the Philippines signed the United Nations Protocol to Prevent,

Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children

(Trafficking Protocol). This was ratified by the Philippine Senate on September 30,

2001. The Trafficking Protocol entry into force was on December 25, 2003. [People of

the Philippines vs Shirley A. Casio, GR No. 211465]

What is Trafficking in Persons?

Trafficking in persons is an illegal act and is considered a violation of human rights

and inimical to human dignity and national development.

There are (3) inter-related and interdependent elements that must be present for a

situation to be considered within the purview of RA 9208 as amended by RA 10364.

These three elements are:

1. ACTS – It involves the recruitment, obtaining, hiring, providing, offering,

transportation, transfer, maintaining, harboring, or receipt of persons, with or

without the victim’s consent or knowledge, within or across national borders;

2. MEANS – it is committed by use of threat, or of force, or other forms of

deception, abuse of power or of position, taking advantage of the vulnerability

of the person, or the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the

consent of a person having control over another person; and

3. PURPOSE – it is done for the purpose of exploitation or the prostitution of

others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery,

involuntary servitude or the removal or sale of organs.

Each of these elements must be present and linked to each other: the act/s must be

achieved by one of the means and both must be linked to achieving the exploitative

purpose. If any one of the three (3) elements is absent, then the situation may not

involve trafficking in persons, except if it involves trafficking of a child.

The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, adoption or receipt of a child of

the purpose of exploitation or when the adoption is induced by any form of

consideration for exploitative purposes shall also be considered as ‘trafficking in

persons’ even if it does not involve any of the means mentioned. [ Commission on

Filipinos Overseas, Primer on RA 9208]

WHAT ARE THE THREE CATEGORIES OF TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS?

The Three (3) categories of trafficking in persons and its punishable acts are:

1. Acts of Trafficking in Persons

 To recruit, obtain, hire, provide, offer, transport, transfer, maintain,

harbor, or receive a person by any means, including those done under

the pretext of domestic or overseas employment or training or

apprenticeship, for the purpose of prostitution, pornography, or sexual

exploitation;

 To introduce or match for money, profit or material, economic or other

consideration, any person or, as provided for under Republic Act No.

6955, any Filipino woman to a foreign national, for marriage for the

purpose of acquiring, buying, offering, selling or trading him/her to

engage in prostitution pornography, sexual exploitation, forced labor,

slavery, involuntary servitude or debt bondage;

 To offer or contract marriage, real or simulated, for the purpose of

acquiring, buying, offering, selling or trading them to engage in

prostitution, pornography, sexual exploitation, forced labor or slavery,

involuntary servitude or debt bondage;

 To undertake or organize tours and travel plans consisting of tourism

packages or activities for the purpose of utilizing and offering persons

for prostitution, pornography or sexual exploitations;

 To maintain or hire a person to engage in prostitution or pornography;

 To Adopt persons by any form of consideration for exploitative purposes

or to facilitate the same for purposes of prostitution, pornography, sexual

exploitation, forced labor, slavery, involuntary servitude or debt

bondage;

 To adopt or facilitate the adoption of persons for the purpose of

prostitution, pornography, sexual exploitation, forced labor, slavery,

involuntary servitude or debt bondage;

 To recruit, hire, adopt, transport, transfer, obtain, harbor, maintain,

provide, offer, receive, or abduct a person, by means of threat or use of

force, fraud, deceit, violence, coercion, or intimidation for the purpose of

removal or sale of organs of said person

 To recruit, transport, obtain, transfer, harbor, maintain, offer, hire,

provide, receive or adopt a child to engage in armed activities in the

Philippines or abroad;

 To recruit, transport, transfer, harbor, obtain, maintain, offer, hire,

provide, or receive a persons by means mentioned in the preceding

paragraph for purposes of forced labor, slavery, debt bondage and

 involuntary servitude, including a scheme, plan or pattern intended to a

cause the person either:

a) To believe that if the person did not perform such labor or

services, he or she or another person would suffer serious

harm or physical restraint; or

b) To abuse or threaten the use of law or the legal processes;

 To Recruit, transport, harbor, obtain, transfer, maintain, hire, offer, provide,

adopt or receive a child for purposes of exploitation or trading them,

including but not limited to, the act of buying and/or selling a child for any

consideration or for barter for purposes of exploitation.

2. Acts that Promote Trafficking in Persons

 To knowingly lease or sublease, use or allow to be used nay house, building

or establishment for the purpose of promoting trafficking in persons;

 To produce, print and issue or distribute unissued, tampered or fake

counseling certificates, registration stickers, overseas employment

certificates or other certificates of any government agency which issues

these certificates, decals and such other markers as proof of compliance

with government regulatory and pre-departure requirements for the purpose

of promoting trafficking in persons;

 To establish, publish, print, broadcast or distribute, or cause the

advertisement, publication, printing, broadcasting or distribution by any

means, including the use of information technology and the internet, of any

brochure, fyler or any propaganda material that promotes trafficking in

persons;
 To assist in the conduct of misrepresentation or fraud for purposes of

facilitating the acquisition of clearances and necessary exit documents from

government agencies that are mandated to provide pre-departure

registration and services for departing persons for the purpose of promoting

trafficking in persons;

 To facilitate, assist or help in the exit and entry of persons from/to the

country at international and local airports, territorial boundaries and

seaports who are in possession of unissued tampered or fraudulent travel

documents for the purpose of promoting trafficking in persons;

 To confiscate, conceal or destroy the passport, travel documents, or

personal documents or belongings of trafficked persons in furtherance of

trafficking or to prevent them from leaving the country or seeking redress

from the government or appropriate agencies;

 To knowingly benefit from, financial or otherwise, or make use of, the labor

or services of a person held to a condition of involuntary servitude, forced

labor or slavery;

 To tamper with, destroy, or cause the destruction of evidence, or to influence

or attempt to influence witnesses, in an investigation or prosecution of a

case;

 To destroy, conceal, remove, confiscate or possess, or attempt to destroy,

conceal, remove, confiscate or possess, any actual or purported passport

or other travel, immigration or working permit or document, or any other

actual or purported government identification, of any person in order to

prevent or restrict, or attempt to prevent or restrict, without lawful authority,

 the person’s liberty to move or travel in order to maintain the labor or

services of that persons; and

 To utilize his or her office to impede the investigation, prosecution or

execution of law orders in a case.

3. Qualified Trafficking in Persons

 When the trafficked person is a child or below 18 years old;

 When the adoption is effected through Republic Act No. 8043 otherwise

known as the “Inter-country Adoption Act of 1995” and said adoption is for

the purpose of prostitution, pornography, sexual exploitation, forced labor,

slavery, involuntary servitude or debt bondage;

 When the crime is committed by a syndicate, or in large scale;

 When the offender is a spouse, an ascendant, parent, sibling, guardian or a

person who exercises authority over the trafficked person or when the

offense is committed by a public officer or employee;

 When the trafficked person is recruited to engage in prostitution with any

member of the military or law enforcement agencies;

 When the offender is a member of the military or law enforcement agencies;

 When by reason or on occasion of the act of trafficking in persons, the

offended party dies, becomes insane, suffers mutilation or is afflicted with

HIV or AIDS;

 When the offender commits one or more violations over a period of sixty

(60) or more days, whether those days are continuous or not; and

 When the offender directs or through another manages the trafficking victim

in carrying out the exploitative purpose of trafficking.

The RA 10364 includes the following as Acts of Trafficking in Persons:

 Attempted Trafficking in Persons – When there are acts to initiate the

commission of a trafficking offense but the offender failed to or did not execute

all the elements of the crime, by accident or by reason of some cause other

than voluntary desistance.

HOW IS TRAFFICKING IN PESONS DIFFERENT FROM ILLEGAL RECRUITMENT

AND HUMAN SMUGGLING?

TRAFFICKING ILLEGAL HUMAN

IN PERSONS RECRUITMENT SMUGGLING

May or may not involve Usually does not involve Usually does not involve
coercion, fraud, coercion but uses more coercion
deception, abuse of deception, promises and
vulnerability, etc. fraud
Characterized by Characterized by Characterized by
subsequent exploitation facilitating entry of one facilitating, for a fee, the
after illegal entry of one person from one country illegal entry of a person
person from one place to to another through an intro a foreign country
another or one country to unauthorized ir unlicensed
another agency
There is a need to prove Mere recruitment without Proof of illegal entry by
the presence of license is punishable, no none compliance with the
exploitation or that the need to prove the necessary requirements
recruitment was facilitated consequential exploitation for travel
for the purpose of
exploitation
Considered a human Considered a migration Considered a migration
rights issue concern concern

[Primer on RA 9208 Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003 as amended by RA

10364 Expanded Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2012]

The U.S. Department of State Diplomacy Action [www.state.gov] recommended for

the Philippines to increase the availability of specialized comprehensive services that

address the specific needs of trafficking victims, with a particular focus on expanding

access to mental health care and services for male victims; increase efforts to achieve

expedited victim-centered prosecution of trafficking cases, especially in cases

involving child victims; increase efforts to investigate and prosecute officials for

trafficking and trafficking-related offenses; increase efforts to identify internal labor

trafficking victims, especially children, and prosecute labor trafficking cases; expand

the victim and witness protection

program to cover an increased percentage of trafficking victims throughout criminal

justice proceedings; develop and implement programs aimed at reducing the demand

for commercial sex acts, including child sex tourism and online child sexual

exploitation; expand government support for long-term specialized services for

trafficking victims that may be provided by the government or NGOs; expand efforts

to prevent re-traumatization caused by multiple interviews and facilitate timely

reintegration of child victim witnesses with community-based follow-up services;

increase training for community members and military and law enforcement personnel

on appropriate methods to protect children officially disengaged from armed groups

and vigorously investigate allegations of abuse by officials; and develop and

implement a data collection system across Interagency Council Against Trafficking

(IACAT) agencies to facilitate monitoring, analysis, and reporting of government-wide

anti-trafficking activities, including victim identification, services provided,

investigations, prosecutions, and convictions disaggregated by common data

elements such as type of trafficking and age and sex of identified victims.

The United Nations Global Programme against Trafficking in Human [www.unodc.org]

conducted a survey on 2003 entitles The Trafficking in Human Beings from the
Philippines: A survey of Government Experts and Law Enforcement Case Files. The

result of the survey recommended the following:

 Improve information sharing between government agencies at the local and

national levels;

 Support the establishment of the PCTC trafficking database by adopting the

standardised forms developed for the purpose. The database must include

incidence rates, trafficking patterns in countries of origin, transit, and

destination, information on victim and offender as well as being able to monitor

progress of cases from filing, prosecution and sentencing;

 Promote exchange of information, best practices, and lessons learned among

countries;

 Develop anti-trafficking information materials for dissemination to specific

target groups including information on where to seek assistance prior to the

worker’s departure from the Philippines, in the destination country and upon

repatriation;

 Develop information materials for front-line officers such as policemen,

immigration officers, investigators, diplomatic and consular missions in

concerned countries;

 Consider the importance of appointing focal persons in each agency;

Another law which may have a significant impact on the study is the Anti-Mail Order
Spouse Act of 2016.
ANTI-MAIL ORDER SPOUSE ACT OF 2016

Republic Act 10906 is an act providing stronger measures against unlawful practices,

businesses, and schemes of matching and offering Filipinos to foreign nationals for

purposes of marriage or common law partnership. It became a law on 21 July 2016.

The Act repeals Republic Act 6955 or the Anti-Mail Order Bride Act. The salient

features of the new law are the inclusion of Filipino men against acts of matching for

purposes of marriage or common law partnership to foreign nationals; matching

through the use of internet; confiscation and forfeiture of proceeds and instruments

derived from committing the prohibited acts in favor of the government; provision on

the formulation of an implementing rules and regulations; imposing stiffer penalties on

its violation.
 DEFINITION OF TERMS

The following are terminologies and words that are helpful in this study provided for in

RA 10364:

(a) Trafficking in Persons – refers to the recruitment, obtaining, hiring, providing,

offering, transportation, transfer, maintaining, harboring, or receipt of persons with or

without the victim’s consent or knowledge, within or across national borders by means

of threat, or use of force, or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse

of power or of position, taking advantage of the vulnerability of the person, or, the

giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having

control over another person for the purpose of exploitation which includes at a

minimum, the exploitation or the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual

exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery, servitude or the removal or sale of

organs.

"The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, adoption or receipt of a child for

the purpose of exploitation or when the adoption is induced by any form of

consideration for exploitative purposes shall also be considered as ‘trafficking in

persons’ even if it does not involve any of the means set forth in the preceding

paragraph.

"(b) Child – refers to a person below eighteen (18) years of age or one who is over

eighteen (18) but is unable to fully take care of or protect himself/herself from abuse,

neglect, cruelty, exploitation, or discrimination because of a physical or mental

disability or condition.
"(c) Prostitution – refers to any act, transaction, scheme or design involving the use of

a person by another, for sexual intercourse or lascivious conduct in exchange for

money, profit or any other consideration.

"(d) Forced Labor – refers to the extraction of work or services from any person by

means of enticement, violence, intimidation or threat, use of, force or coercion,

including deprivation of freedom, abuse of authority or moral ascendancy, debt-

bondage or deception including any work or service extracted from any person under

the menace of penalty.

"(e) Slavery – refers to the status or condition of a person over whom any or all of the

powers attaching to the right of ownership are exercised.

"(f) Involuntary Servitude – refers to a condition of enforced and compulsory service

induced by means of any scheme, plan or pattern, intended to cause a person to

believe that if he or she did not enter into or continue in such condition, he or she or

another person would suffer serious harm or other forms of abuse or physical restraint,

or threat of abuse or harm, or coercion including depriving access to travel documents

and withholding salaries, or the abuse or threatened abuse of the legal process.

"(g) Sex Tourism – refers to a program organized by travel and tourism-related

establishments and individuals which consists of tourism packages or activities,

utilizing and offering escort and sexual services as enticement for tourists. This

includes sexual services and practices offered during rest and recreation periods for

members of the military.

"(h) Sexual Exploitation – refers to participation by a person in prostitution,

pornography or the production of pornography, in exchange for money, profit or any

other consideration or where the participation is caused or facilitated by any means of

intimidation or threat, use of force, or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud,

deception, debt bondage, abuse of power or of position or of legal process, taking

advantage of the vulnerability of the person, or giving or receiving of payments or

benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person; or in

sexual intercourse or lascivious conduct caused or facilitated by any means as

provided in this Act.

"(i) Debt Bondage – refers to the pledging by the debtor of his/her personal services

or labor or those of a person under his/her control as security or payment for a debt,

when the length and nature of services is not clearly defined or when the value of the

services as reasonably assessed is not applied toward the liquidation of the debt.

"(j) Pornography – refers to any representation, through publication, exhibition,

cinematography, indecent shows, information technology, or by whatever means, of a

person engaged in real or simulated explicit sexual activities or any representation of

the sexual parts of a person for primarily sexual purposes.

"(k) Council – shall mean the Inter-Agency Council Against Trafficking created under

Section 20 of this Act."

The Primer on RA 9208 by the Commission on Filipino Overseas defines the following:

k. Forced Labor – refers to the extraction of work or services from any person by

means of enticement, violence, intimidation, or threat, use of force or coercion,

including deprivation of freedom, abuse of authority or moral ascendancy, debt-

bondage or deception including any work or service extracted from any person under

the menace of penalty.

l. Debt Bondage – refers to the pledging by the debtor of his/her personal services or

labor or those a person under his/her control as security or payment for a debt, when
the length and nature of services is not clearly defined or when the value of the

services as reasonably assessed is not applied toward the liquidation of the debt.

m. Involuntary Servitude – refers to a condition of enforced and compulsory service

induced by means of any scheme, plan or pattern, intended to a cause a person to

believe that if he or she did not enter into or continue in such condition, he or she or

another person would suffer serious harm or other forms of abuse or physical restraint,

or threat of abuse or harm, or coercion including depriving access to travel documents

and withholding salaries, or the abuse or threatened abuse of the legal process.

n. Slavery – refers to the status or condition of a person over whom any or all of the

powers attaching to the right of ownership are exercised.

 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

In sum, this study aims to determine the level of awareness of the Personnel

working at the Port of Lipata, Surigao City in Detecting Human Trafficking Cases.

It is sought also to answer the following:

1. Are the port personnel aware on the existence of RA 9208 Anti-Trafficking

in Persons Act of 2003 as amended by 10364 Expanded Anti-Trafficking in

Persons Act of 2012?

2. Are the subject personnel aware of the different forms of trafficking?

3. Where to report incidence of Trafficking in Persons?

4. What protection and assistance may be given to trafficked persons?

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the researcher discusses the research design, target participants,

instrument for data collection, scope and limitations, conceptual framework and

illustrates schematic figure.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The researcher chose a survey research design because it best served to answer

the questions and the purposes of the study.

The survey research is one which a group of people or items is studied by collecting

and analyzing data from only a few people or items considered to be representative of

the entire group. In other words, only a part of the population is studied, and findings

from this are expected to be generalized to the entire population (Nworgu:68).

Similarly, McBurney (1994:170) defines survey assessing public opinion or individual

characteristics by the use of questionnaire and sampling methods.

TARGET PARTICIPANTS

The prospective participants for this research defined to include the Philippine Ports

Authority Personnel, Agency Security Guard Personnel, Passenger Terminal Building

Operator Personnel, Cargo Handling Operation Personnel, and the Porters working

at the Port of Lipata, since these are the personnel that are primarily involve in the

frontline Operation of the Port of Lipata.

In this study, the accessible participants comprised all personnel working at the Port

of Lipata. Table 1 below presents a record of the number of personnel working at the

Port of Lipata as of September 30, 2018.

 AGENCY/COMPANY Nature of Services NUMBER OF

PERSONNEL

Philippine Ports Authority Port Operations 7

Sagittarius Security Agency Security Personnel 18

Provider

Philharbor Ferries and Port Operator of Terminal 18

Services, Inc Building

Philippine Archipelago Ports & Cargo Handling/RORO 20

Terminal Services Operator

DBP Services Janitorial Service Provider 6

Instruments

In the conduct of this study, the researcher will be using survey type of questionnaires

and interviews to the prospective participants. The survey questionnaires as well as

interviews includes questions regarding awareness on the existence Anti-trafficking

laws and acts which constitutes anti-trafficking.

The questionnaire (see appendix I) was designed by the researcher intended primarily

to address the objectives of the study.

Scope and Limitations

This study will be limiting and focusing on the results of the survey questionnaires

and interview that will be conducted to the subject participants at the Port of Lipata.
Conceptual Framework

The schematic figure (see appendix II) reflects the following input variables:

1.) Awareness on acts which constitutes trafficking in persons.

2.) Reporting mechanism for intercepted cases.

3.) Knowledge on the services available for trafficked persons and protection to be

given to trafficked persons.

On the other hand, the evaluation criteria involves the conduct of descriptive survey,

analysis using statistical tools on the basis of RA 10364 which serves as the guidelines

in the evaluation and analysis of the data.

The results would recommend actions from the government or private sector to

increase the level of awareness of people working at the Port of Lipata regarding the

Human Trafficking.

Schematic Figure
 Evaluation
Input Output
Criteria

• Awareness on acts • Descriptive Survey • Recommendations

which constitutes to increase the level
trafficking in persons • Interviews of awareness of
people working at the
• Reporting Port of Lipata
Mechanism regarding the Human
Trafficking
• Knowledge on the
services and
protection available
for the trafficed
persons.

RA 9208 Anti-
Trafficking In
Persons Act of 2003
as amended by RA
10364 Expanded
Anti-Trafficking in
Persons Act of 2012