3.1.

1 Perhitungan Gording

Gambar 3.1 Rangka kuda-kuda

Gambar 3.1 Rangka kuda-kuda

Direncanakan :
Bentang kuda-kuda = 6,55 m
Jarak kuda-kuda = 2,125 m
Jarak gording = 1,261 m
Sudut 𝛼 = 30°
Gording yang dipakai = CNP 125 x 50 x 20 x 3,2
Berat gording = 6,13 kg/m
Beban atap (zincallum) = 10,00 kg/m2
Beban pekerja = 100 kg
Mutu baja bj 37 (fu) = 370 Mpa
Mutu baja bj 37 (fy) = 240 Mpa
Modulus elastisitas (Es) = 200000 Mpa

Data tabel profil baja CNP 125 x 50 x 20 x 3,2

Wx = 29,0 cm3
Wy = 8,02 cm3
Ix = 181 cm4
Iy = 26,6 cm4
Cek Kekompakan
1. Plat Badan
𝐻 125
𝜆𝑊 = = = 39,063
𝑡𝑤 3,2

200000
𝜆p = 3,76 √ 240 = 108,542

200000
𝜆r = 5,7 √ 240 = 164,545

𝜆𝑊 ≤ 𝜆p (Penampang kompak)
39,063 ≤ 108,542 (Penampang kompak)

2. Pelat Sayap
𝐵 50
𝜆f = = = 7,813
2.𝑡𝑓 2.3,2

200000
𝜆p = 0,38 √ 240 = 10,970

200000
𝜆r = 0,83 √ 240 = 23,960

𝜆f ≤ 𝜆p (Penampang kompak)
7,813 ≤ 10,970 (Penampang kompak)
Menentukan Sumbu y

Gambar 3.2 Penampang Baja Profil CNP

A1 = A3 = (43,6 mm – x ) x 3,2 = 139,52 mm2 – 3,2x mm2

A2 = A4 = 20 mm x 3,2 mm = 64 mm2
Atotal = ( 2 x 43,6 mm x 3,2 mm ) + ( 2 x 20 mm x 3,2 mm ) + ( 125 mm x 3,2
mm ) = 807, 040 mm2
1
= A1 + A2 + A3 + A4 = Atotal
2
1
= 139,52 mm2 – 3,2x mm2 + 64 mm2 + 139,52 mm2 – 3,2x mm2 + 64 mm2 = x
2

807, 040 mm2

= 139,52 mm2 – 3,2x mm2 + 64 mm2 + 139,52 mm2 – 3,2x mm2 + 64 mm2- 403,2
mm2
= 279,040 mm2 - 6,4 x mm2 + 128 mm2 – 403,2 mm2
= 407,04 mm2 – 403,2 mm2 = 6,4 x mm2
3,52m
x= = 0,55 mm
6,4
Menentukan Sumbu x

Gambar 3.3 Penampang Baja Profil CNP

A1 = 43,6 mm x 3,2 mm = 139,52 mm2

A2 = 20 mm x 3,2 mm = 64 mm2
A5 = (125 mm-y) x 3,2 mm = 400 mm2 + 3,2y mm2
Atotal = 807, 040 mm2
1
A1 + A2 + A5 = Atotal
2

= 139,52 mm2 + 64 mm2 + 400 mm2 - 3,2y mm2 = 403,52 mm2

= 603,42 mm2 - 403,52 mm2 = 3,2y mm2
200
y= = 62,5 mm
3,2

Titik Berat
x = 3,2 + 0,55 = 3,75 mm
y = 62,5 mm
(3,75 ; 62,5)

Zx = 2{ [ 62,5 mm x 3,2 mm x ( 93,75 – 62,5 ) mm] + [ 43,6 mm x 3,2 mm x (

123,4 – 62,5) mm ] + [ 20 mm x 3,2 mm x ( 115- 62,5 ) mm]} = 2(18106,768mm3)
Zx = 36213,536 mm3
Zx = 36,213536 cm3

Zy = [ 125 mm x 3,2 mm x ( 3.75 – 1,6 ) mm ] + 2 x [ 43,6 mm x 3,2 mm x ( 25 –

3,75 ) mm ] + 2 x [ 20 mm x 3,2 mm x ( 48,4 – 3,75 ) mm ] = 12504,8 mm3
Zy = 12,5048 mm3
Momen Nominal Terhadap Sumbu X

𝑀𝑛 x = 𝑧𝑋 .𝐹𝑦
= 36213,536 mm3 x 240 N/mm3
= 8691248,640 N.mm
= 8,691248640 KN.m
𝑀𝑛 y = 𝑧𝑦 .𝐹𝑦
= 12504,8 mm3 x 240 N/mm3
= 3001152 N.mm
= 3,001152 KN.m

Analisa Pembebanan
a. Pembebanan Akibat Beban Mati (qd)
Berat Sendiri Gording = 6,13 kg/m
Berat Atap Zincallum = 10 kg/m2 x 1,261 m = 12,61 kg/m
Berat Plafond = 18 kg/m2 x 1,261 m = 22,698 kg/m +
qd = 41,438 kg/m
 Gambar 3.4 Perhitungan Gording

𝑞𝑑𝑥 = qd x sin α
= 41,438 kg/m x sin 30°
= 20,719 kg/m
= 0,20719 N/mm

𝑞𝑑𝑦 = qd x cos α
= 41,438 kg/m x cos 30°
= 35,886 kg/m
= 0,35886 N/mm

1
𝑀𝑑𝑋 = x 𝑞𝑑𝑥 x (𝑙)2
8
1
= x 0,20719 N/mm x (2125 mm)2
8

= 116949,043 Nmm
= 11,6949043 kg.m

1
𝑀𝑑𝑦 = x 𝑞𝑑𝑦 x (𝑙)2
8

1
= x 0,35886 N/mm x (2125 mm)2
8
= 202559,6484 Nmm
= 20,25596484 kg.m
 Gambar 3.5 Pembebanan Mati

b. Pembebanan Akibat Air Hujan

Beban Air hujan terbagi rata per m2
q = (40 - 0,8α) kg/m2
= (40 - ( 0,8 x 30 ))
= 16 Kg/m2 < 20 kg/m2
Jadi, Beban Hujan Diambil 16 kg/m2

Qh per m2 = qhujan x l
= 16 kg/m2 x 1 m
= 16 kg/m

Qhx = qh sin α
= 16 kg/m x sin 30°
= 8 kg/m’
= 0,08 kg/cm’

Qhy = qh cos α
= 16 kg/m x cos 30°
= 13,86 kg/m’
= 0,1386 kg/cm’
 1
Mhx = 𝑥 𝑞ℎ𝑦 𝑥 (𝑙)2
8

1
= x 13,86 kg/m’ x ( 2,125 m)2
8

= 7,8233 kg.m
= 78233 N.mm

1
Mhy = 𝑥 𝑞ℎ𝑥 𝑥 (𝑙)2
8

1
= x 8 kg/m’ x (2,125 m)2
8

= 4,5156 kg.m
= 45156 N.mm

Kombinasi Beban
Beban mati (Gording + Atap + Plafond) dan beban air hujan
Mux = 1,2 Mdx + 1,6 Mhx
= 1,2 x 116949,043 Nmm + 1,6 x 78233 N.mm
= 265511,6516 N.mm
Muy = 1,2 Mdy + 1,6 Mhy
= 1,2 x 202559,6484 N.mm + 1,6 x 45156 N.mm
= 315321,1781 N.mm

Kontrol Kekuatan Lentur

𝑀𝑢𝑥 𝑀𝑢𝑦
+ ≤1
𝜃𝑏. 𝑀𝑛𝑥 𝜃𝑏. 𝑀𝑛𝑦
265511,6516 𝑁𝑚𝑚 315321,1781 𝑁𝑚𝑚
+ ≤1
0,9 𝑥 8691248,640 𝑁𝑚𝑚 0,9 𝑥 3001152 𝑁𝑚𝑚
0,15068 ≤ 1 (aman)
Pembebanan Akibat Beban Hidup (Pelaksanaan)
1.) Beban Pekerja (P) = 100 Kg = 1000 N
Px = P sin α = 100 kg x sin 30˚ = 50 kg = 500 N
Py = P cos α = 100 kg x cos 30˚ = 86,6 kg = 866 N

MPx = ¼ x Py x (l)
= ¼ x 866 N x ( 2125 mm)
= 460062 Nmm
MPy = ¼ x Px x (l)
= ¼ x 500 N x ( 2125 mm)
= 265625 Nmm

2.) Beban Mati

Berat Sendiri Gording (qd) = 6,13 kg/m
qdx = qdy x sin α
= 6,13 kg/m x sin 30˚
= 3,065 kg/m
= 0,03065 N/mm
qdy = qdx x cos α
= 6,13 kg/m x cos 30˚
= 5,308 kg/m
= 0,05308 N/mm
1
Mdx = x qdy x (𝑙)2
8

1
= x 0,05308 N/mm x ( 2125 𝑚𝑚)2
8

= 29961,172 N.mm
= 2,9961172 kg.m
1
Mdy = x qdx x (𝑙)2
8

1
= x 0,03065 N/mm x ( 2125 𝑚𝑚)2
8

= 17300,488 N.mm
 = 1,7300488 kg.m

Kombinasi Beban
Beban mati (gording) dan beban pekerja
Mux = 1,2 Mdx + 1,6 Mpx
= 1,2 x 29961,172 Nmm + 1,6 x 460062 N.mm
= 772052,606 N.mm
Muy = 1,2 Mdy + 1,6 Mpy
= 1,2 x 17300,488 N.mm + 1,6 x 265625 N.mm
= 445760,585 Nmm

Kontrol Kekuatan Lentur

𝑀𝑢𝑥 𝑀𝑢𝑦
+ ≤1
𝜃𝑏. 𝑀𝑛𝑥 𝜃𝑏. 𝑀𝑛𝑦
772052,606 𝑁𝑚𝑚 445760,585 𝑁𝑚𝑚
+ ≤1
0,9 𝑥 8691248,64 𝑁𝑚𝑚 0,9 𝑥 3001152 𝑁𝑚𝑚
0,264 ≤ 1 (aman)

Kontrol Lendutan
1. Beban Pekerja
Px = 50 Kg
Py = 86,6 Kg

1 𝑃. 𝐿3
𝛿= ( )
48 𝐸. 𝐼
𝐿 3 212,5 3
𝑃𝑥. ( ) 50 𝑥 (
𝛿𝑦 =
1
( 2 )= 1 ( 2 ) ) = 0,0235 𝑐𝑚
48 𝐸. 𝐼𝑦 48 2000000 𝑥 26,6

1 𝑃𝑦. 𝐿3 1 86,6 𝑥 212,53

𝛿𝑥 = ( )= ( ) = 0,0478 𝑐𝑚
48 𝐸. 𝐼𝑥 48 2000000 𝑥 181

𝛿 = √(𝛿𝑥)2 + (𝛿𝑦)2 = √(0,0478)2 + (0,0235)2 = 0,0533 𝑐𝑚

2. Beban Hujan
𝑄ℎ𝑥 = 8 kg/m’ = 0,08 kg/cm’
𝑄ℎ𝑦 = 13,86 kg/m’ = 0,1386 kg/cm’
5. 𝑞. 𝑙 4
𝛿=
384. 𝐸𝐼
𝑙 4 212,5 4
5. 𝑞ℎ𝑥. (2) 5 𝑥 0,08 𝑥 ( 2 )
𝛿𝑦 = = = 0,0025 𝑐𝑚
384. 𝐸. 𝐼𝑦 384 𝑥 2000000 𝑥 26,6
5. 𝑞ℎ𝑦. 𝑙 4 5 𝑥 0,1386 𝑥 212,54
𝛿𝑥 = = = 0,0102 𝑐𝑚
384. 𝐸. 𝐼𝑥 384 𝑥 2000000 𝑥 181
𝛿 = √(𝛿𝑥)2 + (𝛿𝑦)2 = √(0,0102)2 + (0,0025)2 = 0,0105 𝑐𝑚

3. Beban Mati ( Gording + Atap + Plafond )

𝑄𝑑𝑥 = 41,438 kg/m. sin 30° = 20,719 kg/m = 0,20719 kg/cm
𝑄𝑑𝑦 = 41,438 kg/m. cos 30° = 35,886 kg/m = 0,35886 kg/cm
5. 𝑞. 𝑙 4
𝛿=
384. 𝐸𝐼
𝑙 4 212,5 4
5. 𝑞𝑑𝑥. (2) 5 𝑥 0,20719 𝑥 ( 2 )
𝛿𝑦 = = = 0,0065 𝑐𝑚
384. 𝐸. 𝐼𝑦 384 𝑥 2000000 𝑥 26,6
5. 𝑞𝑑𝑦. 𝑙 4 5 𝑥 0,35886 𝑥 212,54
𝛿𝑥 = = = 0,0263 𝑐𝑚
384. 𝐸. 𝐼𝑥 384 𝑥 2000000 𝑥 181
𝛿 = √(𝛿𝑥)2 + (𝛿𝑦)2 = √(0,0263)2 + (0,0065)2 = 0,027 𝑐𝑚

4. Beban Mati (Gording)

𝑄𝑑𝑥 = 6,13 kg/m. sin 30° = 3,065 kg/m = 0,03065 kg/cm
𝑄𝑑𝑦 = 6,13 kg/m. cos 30° = 5,309 kg/m = 0,05309 kg/cm
5. 𝑞. 𝑙 4
𝛿=
384. 𝐸𝐼
𝑙 4 212,5 4
5. 𝑞𝑑𝑥. (2) 5 𝑥 0,03065 𝑥 ( 2 )
𝛿𝑦 = = = 0,00095 𝑐𝑚
384. 𝐸. 𝐼𝑦 384 𝑥 2000000 𝑥 26,6
5. 𝑞𝑑𝑦. 𝑙 4 5 𝑥 0,05309 𝑥 212,54
𝛿𝑥 = = = 0,00389 𝑐𝑚
384. 𝐸. 𝐼𝑥 384 𝑥 2000000 𝑥 181
 𝛿 = √(𝛿𝑥)2 + (𝛿𝑦)2 = √(0,00389)2 + (0,00095)2 = 0,004 𝑐𝑚

Kontrol Lendutan
1. Beban Mati ( Gording + Atap + Plafond )
𝛿𝑥 = 0,0263 + 0,00389 = 0,03019 𝑐𝑚
𝛿𝑦 = 0,0065 + 0,00095 = 0,00745 𝑐𝑚
𝐿
𝛿 = √(𝛿𝑥)2 + (𝛿𝑦)2 ≤
240
212,5
𝛿 = √(0,03019)2 + (0,00745)2 ≤
240
𝛿 = 0,031 ≤ 0,885 (Aman)
3.1.2 Perhitungan Kuda-kuda

Gambar 3.6 Kuda-kuda

Direncanakan :
Bentang Kuda-kuda = 6,55 m
Jarak Kuda-kuda = 2,125 m
Jarak Gording = 1,261 m
Sudut 𝛼 = 30°
Gording yang dipakai = CNP 125 X 50 X 20 X3,2
Berat gording = 6,13 kg/m
Beban atap (zincallum) = 10,00 kg/m2
Beban Pekerja = 100 kg
Mutu Baja bj 37 (fu) = 370 Mpa
Mutu Baja bj 37 (fy) = 240 Mpa
Modulus Elastisitas (Es) = 200000 Mpa
Bentang atas = 1,261 m
Bentang bawah = 1,092 m
Panjang Bentang Kuda-kuda
Total panjang bentang atas = ( 1,261 m x3 ) x 2 = 7,566 m
Total panjang bentang bawah = ( 1,092 m x 6 ) = 6,55 m
Bidang Vertikal
V1 = V4 = tan 30° x 1,092 m = 0,63 m x 2 = 1,26 m
V2 = V3 = tan 30° x 1,092 m = 1,261 m x 2 = 2,522 m +
Total Panjang Bidang Vertikal = 3,782 m
Batang Diagonal
d1=d4=√𝑏22 + 𝑣22 = √1,0922 + 1,2612 = 1,668 m

d2=d3=√𝑏32 + 𝑣32 = √(3,275 x tan 30°) + 1,0922 = 3,452 m

Panjang Bentang Diagonal = 1,668 m + 3,452 m = 5,12 m
Total panjang batang diagonal = 5,12 m x 2 = 10,24 m
Total panjang seluruh batang = 7,566 m + 6,55 m +3,782 m + 10,24 m = 28,138
m

3.1.3 Mencari Profil Kuda-kuda berat batang

Direncanakan memakai profil baja siku ˪ 60.60.6

Beban Mati
a. Berat Batang (Rangka Kuda-kuda)
profil ˪ 60.60.6
A = 2 x 6,91 cm2 = 13,82 cm2= 0,001382 m2(untuk profil rangkap)
Berat sendiri profil = 5,42 kg/m = 54,2 N/M (untuk satu profil)

Berat batang kuda-kuda

𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑗𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑥 𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑖 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑙 𝑥 𝑗𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑘 𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑟 𝑘𝑢𝑑𝑎 − 𝑘𝑢𝑑𝑎
𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑗𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑘𝑢𝑑𝑎 − 𝑘𝑢𝑑𝑎

𝑛
28,138 𝑚 𝑥 54,2 𝑥 3 𝑚
𝑚
𝑞= = 698,509 𝑁
6,55 𝑚

Beban Simpul
P1 = P7 = ½ x 698,509 N = 349,254 N
P2 - P6 = 698,509 N
b .Berat Penutup Atap Dan Berat Gording
Penutup atap = 10 kg/m2
Jarak Kuda-kuda = 3 m
Jarak Gording = 1,261 m
Berat sendiri gording = 6,13 kg/m
Berat Atap = 10 kg/m2 x 1,261 m x 3 m
= 37,83 kg = 378,9 N
Berat gording = 6,13 m x 3 m = 18,39 kg = 183,9 N
∑ Berat Penutup atap & gording = 378,9 N + 183,9 N = 562,8 N
Beban Simpul
P1 = P7 = ½ x 562,8 N = 281,4 N
P2 - P6 = 562,8 N
c .Berat plafond + penggantung
Berat plafond = 11 kg/m2
Berat penggantung =7 kg/m2 +
= 18 kg/m2 = 180 N/m2
Jarak penggantung = 1,092 m
Jarak antar kuda-kuda = 3 m
P = 180 N/m2 x 1,092 m x 3 m = 589,68 N
Beban Simpul
P1 = P7 = ½ x 589,68 N = 294,84 N
P2 -P7 = ½ x 58,968 kg/m x (1,092 m+ 1,092 m) = 643,930 N

d. Kombinasi Beban Pada Masing-masing Titik Simpul untuk Beban Mati

P1 = P7 = 925,514 N
P2 – P6 = 1905,239 N