Classification Action Dosage Adverse Reaction Side effects Nursing Implication

Generic Name: For the 600 mg/ml IV  pain/swelling at  Nausea  Lab tests: Culture
Clindamycin treatment of injection site (if  Vomiting and susceptibility
Brand Name: Cleocin diabetic foot this drug is  An testing should be
ulcer. injected into a unpleasant/metallic performed initially
vein) taste in mouth (if this and periodically
 Dark urine drug is injected into a during therapy.
 yellowing vein) Periodic CBC with
eyes/skin  or pain at the differential and
 persistent injection site (if platelet count.
nausea/vomiting this drug is  Monitor BP and
 easy injected into a pulse in patients
bruising/bleeding muscle) may occur receiving drug
 pain in several parenterally.
joints Hypotension has
 fast/slow/irregul occurred following
ar heartbeat, IM injection. Advice
fainting. patient to remain
recumbent following
drug administration
until BP has
stabilized.
 Be alert to signs of
superinfection
 Classification Action Dosage Adverse Reaction Side effects Nursing Implication
GENERIC NAME: For the treatment of 400 mg/ml IV  tendinitis and  Nausea  Immediately report tendon
CIPROFLOXACIN skin and skin tendon rupture,  Abdominal pain inflammation or pain. Drug should
BRAND NAME(S): Cipro structure infections, peripheral  Diarrhea be discontinued.
including diabetic neuropathy, and  Increased  Fluid intake of 2–3 L/d is advised, if
foot ulcer, surgical central nervous aminotransferase not contraindicated.
incision site system (CNS) effects levels  Report sudden, unexplained joint
infections, animal  May exacerbate  Vomiting pain.
bite wounds, and muscle weakness in  Headache  Restrict caffeine due to the
necrotizing patients with  Increased serum following effects (e.g., nervousness,
infections. myasthenia gravis; a creatinine insomnia, anxiety, tachycardia).
 Rash  Report possible toxicity. If taking
 Restlessness theophylline derivatives, there is
potential for adverse effects.
 Report nausea, diarrhea, vomiting,
and abdominal pain or discomfort.
 Use caution with hazardous
activities until reaction to drug is
known. Drug may cause light-
headedness.
 Do not breast feed while taking this
drug.
 Classification Action Dosage Adverse Reaction Side effects Nursing Implication
Generic Name: reduce fever 500  Liver toxicity  Minimal GI upset.  Monitor CBC, liver and renal
Paracetamol, in viral and mg q4h (hepatocyte  Methemoglobinem functions.
Acetaminophen bacterial necrosis) may occur ia  Assess for fecal occult blood and
Brand Name: Biogesic, infections with doses not far  Hemolytic Anemia nephritis.
Panadol, Tylenol beyond labeled  Neutropenia  Avoid using OTC drugs with
dosing  Thrombocytopenia Acetaminophen.
 Pancytopenia  Take with food or milk to minimize
 Leukopenia GI upset.
 Urticaria  Report N&V. cyanosis, shortness of
 CNS stimulation breath and abdominal pain as
 Hypoglycemic these are signs of toxicity.
coma  Report paleness, weakness and
 Jaundice heart beat skips
 Glissitis  Report abdominal pain, jaundice,
 Drowsiness dark urine, itchiness or clay-colored
 Liver Damage stools.
 Phenmacetin may cause urine to
become dark brown or wine-
colored.
 Report pain that persists for more
than 3-5 days
 This drug is not for regular use with
any form of liver disease.
 Classification Action Dosage Adverse Reaction Side effects Nursing Implication
Generic Name: Used to treat 50 mg/ml IV  noisy breathing,  dizziness,  Assess for level of pain relief
Tramadol moderate to sighing, shallow drowsiness; and administer prn dose as
Brand Names: ConZip, severe pain in breathing;  headache; or needed but not to exceed the
Ultram, Ultram ER adults.  a slow heart rate or  constipation, recommended total daily dose.
weak pulse; nausea,  Monitor vital signs and assess
 a light-headed vomiting, for orthostatic hypotension or
feeling, like you stomach pain. signs of CNS depression.
might pass out;  Discontinue drug and notify
 seizure physician if S&S of
(convulsions); or hypersensitivity occur.
 low cortisol levels--  Assess bowel and bladder
nausea, vomiting, function; report urinary
loss of appetite, frequency or retention.
dizziness,  Use seizure precautions for
worsening patients who have a history of
tiredness or seizures or who are
weakness. concurrently using drugs that
lower the seizure threshold.
 Monitor ambulation and take
appropriate safety precautions.
 Classification Action Dosage Adverse Reaction Side effects Nursing Implication
Generic Name: Used to treat high 40 mg tablets  Abdominal or stomach pain  Headache  Monitor for therapeutic
Atorvastatin cholesterol, and to  back pain  hoarseness effectiveness which is indicated
Brand Names: lower the risk of stroke,  belching or excessive gas  lower back or side by reduction in the level of LDL-
Lipitor heart attack, or other  constipation pain C.
heart complications in  general feeling of discomfort  pain or tenderness  Lab tests: Monitor lipid levels
people with type 2 or illness around the eyes and within 2–4 wk after initiation of
diabetes, coronary
 heartburn, indigestion, or cheekbones therapy or upon change in
heart disease, or other
stomach discomfort  painful or difficult dosage; monitor liver functions
risk factors..
 lack or loss of strength urination at 6 and 12 wk after initiation
 loss of appetite  stuffy or runny nose or elevation of dose, and
 nausea periodically thereafter.
 shivering  Assess for muscle pain,
 sweating tenderness, or weakness; and,
 trouble sleeping if present, monitor CPK level
 vomiting (discontinue drug with marked
elevations of CPK or if
myopathy is suspected).
 Monitor carefully for digoxin
toxicity with concurrent digoxin
use.
 Classification Action Dosage Adverse Reaction Side effects Nursing Implication
Generic Name: Lantus is 10 U  weight gain, swelling  low blood sugar;  Monitor for S&S of
Insulin glargine used to treat once daily and in your hands or feet,  itching, mild skin rash; or hypoglycemia (see
Brand Names: type 1 or adjust feeling short of  thickening or hollowing of Appendix F), especially
Lantus, Lantus type 2 according to breath; or the skin where you injected after changes in insulin
Solostar Pen diabetes in patient's  signs of low the medicine. dose or type.
adults needs potassium - leg  Lab tests: Monitor
cramps, constipation,
fasting blood glucose
irregular heartbeats,
and HbA1C periodically.
fluttering in your
 Withhold drug and
chest, increased thirst
or urination, notify physician if
numbness or tingling, patient is hypokalemic.
muscle weakness or
limp feeling.
 Classification Action Dosage Adverse Reaction Side effects Nursing Implication
Generic Name: Metformin is used 500 mg  unusual muscle  low blood sugar;  Lab tests: Obtain baseline
Metformin together with diet pain;  nausea, upset stomach; and periodic kidney and liver
Brand Names: and exercise to  feeling cold; or function tests; drug
Fortamet, Glucophage, improve blood sugar  trouble  diarrhea. contraindicated in the
Glucophage XR, control in adults breathing; presence of renal or hepatic
Glumetza. Riomet with type 2 diabetes  feeling dizzy, insufficiency. Monitor blood
mellitus. light-headed,
glucose and HbA1C, and lipid
tired, or very
profile periodically.
weak;
 Monitor known or suspected
 stomach
pain, vomiting; alcoholics carefully for
or decreased liver function.
 slow or  Monitor cardiopulmonary
irregular heart status throughout course of
rate. therapy; cardiopulmonary
insufficiency may predispose
to lactic acidosis.