Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Continuous
Tense
MalawiTalks English Course
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
Formula
Formula Example
+ S + has / have + been + V-ing You have been living in Jakarta
She has been studying Germany
- S + has / have + not + been + V-ing You have not been living in Jakarta
She has not been studying Germany
? Has / have + S + been + V-ing? Have you been living in Jakarta?
Has she been studying Germany?
I, we, you, they → have
He, she, it → has
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
Usage (1)
Past Now Future
x x
No Usage Example Note
1 Mengindikasikan durasi dari sesuatu yang mulai ● I have been waiting for you for two When the meaning is used, the
terjadi di waktu lampau dan terjadi hingga saat hours sentence is usually followed
ini ● She has been living in that village her with time words, such as:
whole life for, since, all day, all morning,
It indicates the duration of an activity that ● I have been sitting here for three hours all week, whole month, etc
began in the past and continues to the present and now I am really tired
● It has been raining all days
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
Usage (2)
Past Now Future
x x
(recently)
Usage Example Note
2 Ketika tenses ini dipakai tanpa menggunakan ● I have been thinking of quitting this job No mention of time is needed
keterangan waktu, maka tenses ini digunakan ● They have been studying really hard for
untuk menceritakan kejadian yang baru saja the final exam
dimulai ● I have been relaxing on the beach
● She has been turning on the TV
When this tense is used without any specific time, it
expresses general activity in progress, recently
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
SUMMARY
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
Summary
Mengindikasikan durasi dari sesuatu yang mulai Ketika tenses ini dipakai tanpa menggunakan
terjadi di waktu lampau dan terjadi hingga saat ini keterangan waktu, maka tenses ini digunakan untuk
menceritakan kejadian yang baru saja dimulai
It indicates the duration of an activity that began in
the past and continues to the present When this tense is used without any specific time, it
expresses general activity in progress, recently
When the meaning is used, the sentence is usually -
followed with time words, such as:
for, since, all day, all morning, all week, whole
month, etc
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
PRACTICE
S + have + been + V-ing
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Tense
MalawiTalks English Course
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
Formula
Formula Example
+ S + had +V3 You had lived in Jakarta
She had studied Germany
- S + had + not + V3 You had not lived in Jakarta
She had not studied Germany
? Had + S + V3? Had you lived in Jakarta?
Had she studied Germany?
I, he, she, it, we, you, they → had
All subjects use had
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
Usage
Past Now Future
x x
No Usage Example Note
1 Untuk menceritakan aktifitas yang telah terjadi ● Fadhil had closed his room before the Past perfect tense is usually
dan selesai di waktu lampau sebelum aktifitas thief tried to come in combined with simple past
lain yang telah terjadi di waktu lampau. ● Tania had already gone home before the tense with before and after
the lecturer arrived
It expresses an activity that was completed ● After Fadhil had closed his room, the
before another activity or time in the past thief tried to come in
● After Tania had already gone home, the
lecturer arrived
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
PRACTICE
S + had + V3
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
MalawiTalks English Course
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
Formula
Formula Example
+ S + had + been + V-ing You had been living in Jakarta
She had been studying Germany
- S + had + not + been + V-ing You had not lived in Jakarta
She had not studied Germany
? Had + S + been + Ving? Had you been living in Jakarta?
Had she been studying Germany?
I, he, she, it, we, you, they → had
All subjects use had
Present Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Past Perfect
Tense Continuous Tense Tense Continuous Tense
Usage
Past Now Future
x x
No Usage Example Note
1 Untuk menceritakan aktifitas yang sedang ● I had been working at the meeting room Before and after are commonly
terjadi di waktu lampau hingga atau mendekati before the stove in the pantry exploded used
aktifitas lain terjadi di waktu lampau ● Yudha finally came to his mother’s house
after her mother had been missing him
It expresses an activity in progress close in time so much
to another activity or time in the past
SUMMARY
