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Comm Lab 3

1) The document describes an experiment to generate sum and difference signals using a mixer circuit. The theoretical and experimental difference frequencies were found to have an error of only 2.8125%. 2) A MATLAB code is presented to perform amplitude modulation-demodulation and frequency modulation-demodulation on signals. The code generates the modulated and demodulated signals for both cases. 3) The results show that amplitude modulation-demodulation and frequency modulation-demodulation were successfully performed in MATLAB. Amplitude modulation varies the amplitude of the carrier wave while frequency modulation varies the frequency.

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Harshendu Pathak
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68 views12 pages

Comm Lab 3

1) The document describes an experiment to generate sum and difference signals using a mixer circuit. The theoretical and experimental difference frequencies were found to have an error of only 2.8125%. 2) A MATLAB code is presented to perform amplitude modulation-demodulation and frequency modulation-demodulation on signals. The code generates the modulated and demodulated signals for both cases. 3) The results show that amplitude modulation-demodulation and frequency modulation-demodulation were successfully performed in MATLAB. Amplitude modulation varies the amplitude of the carrier wave while frequency modulation varies the frequency.

Uploaded by

Harshendu Pathak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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16BEE0006 COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING LAB

Name – Harshendu Pathak

Registration number – 16BEE0006

EEE 2006 – COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Experiment 5 – Mixer Circuit

Date: 12/08/2019

Aim: To generate sum and difference signal using mixer circuit.

Apparatus Required:
S.No Name of the Item Specification Quantity
1. BJT BC 547 1
2. Resistor 10Kohm 4
22Kohm, 4.7Kohm 1 each
3. Capacitor 0.1 & 1 microf 1 each
0.001microf 2
4. Bread board - 1
5. Function Generator - 2
6. VRPS (0-30)V 1
7. CRO Dual trace 1

Circuit Diagram:

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16BEE0006 COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING LAB

Observations:

Frequency of first signal = 116 KHz

Frequency of second signal = 100 KHz

Theoretically, difference of frequencies (FX) = (116-100) KHz = 16 KHz

Experimentally, difference of frequencies (FX) = 16.45 KHz

Result:

The mixer circuit was implemented successfully and it was observed that there was
an error of only 2.8125 % between the theoretical and experimental results.

Inference:

Mixers are widely used to shift signals from one frequency range to another, a
process known as heterodyning, for convenience in transmission or further
signal processing. A simple circuit using basic electronic elements can be made
to implement a mixer.

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Software Experiment:1

Experiment 6 – Amplitude Modulation-Demodulation & Frequency


Modulation-Demodulation Using MATLAB

Date: 26/08/2019

Aim: To perform amplitude modulation-demodulation and frequency modulation-


demodulation on a given signal in MATLAB.

Software used:

MATLAB

Code:

a) Amplitude Modulation- Demodulation

clc;
clear all;
close all;
t=linspace(0,0.02,1000
0) fc=5000; fm=200;
fs=40000;
Am=5; Ac=10;
m= Am/Ac;
wc =2*pi*fc;
wm=2*pi*fm;
em = Am*sin(wm*t);
ec = Ac*sin(wc*t);

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y = Ac*(1+m*sin(wm*t).*sin(wc*t));

d = amdemod(y,fc,fs,30);

l=10000;
subplot (4,1,1); plot(t,em); xlabel(‘Time’); ylabel(‘Amplitude’);
title(‘Message signal’);
subplot(4,1,2); plot(t,ec); xlabel(‘Time’); ylabel(‘Amplitude’);
title(‘Carrier signal’);
subplot(4,1,3); plot(t,y); xlabel(‘Time’); ylabel(‘Amplitude’);

title(‘Amplitude modulated signal’);


subplot(4,1,4); plot(t,d); xlabel(‘Time’); ylabel(‘Amplitude’);
title(‘Amplitude demodulated signal’);

a) Frequency Modulation- Demodulation

clc;

clear all;

close all;

N=100;

tmax=2;

dt=tmax/(N-1);

t=0:dt:tmax;

fs=1/dt;

ac=2;

am=1;

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16BEE0006 COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING LAB

fc=3;

wc=2*pi*fc;

xc=cos(wc*t);

fm=1;

wm=2*pi*fm;

xm=am*cos(wm*t);

kf=10;

xmi=cumsum(xm)*dt;

xfm=ac*cos(wc*t+kf*xmi);

dxfm=diff(xfm)/dt;

subplot(4,1,1);plot(xm); xlabel(‘Time’); ylabel(‘Amplitude’);

title(‘Message Signal’);

subplot(4,1,2);plot(xc); xlabel(‘Time’); ylabel(‘Amplitude’);

title(‘Carrier Signal’);

subplot(4,1,3);plot(xfm); xlabel(‘Time’); ylabel(‘Amplitude’);

title(‘ Frequency Modulated Signal’);

subplot(4,1,4);plot(dxfm); xlabel(‘Time’); ylabel(‘Amplitude’);

title(‘Frequency Demodulated Signal’);

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16BEE0006 COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING LAB

Output:

a) Amplitude Modulation- Demodulation

b) Frequency Modulation- Demodulation

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16BEE0006 COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING LAB

Result:

Amplitude Modulation-Demodulation & Frequency Modulation-Demodulation


was performed successfully in MATLAB.

Inference:

In AM, a radio wave known as the "carrier wave" is modulated in amplitude by


the signal that is to be transmitted. The frequency and phase remain the same.

In FM, a radio wave known as the "carrier wave" is modulated in frequency by the
signal that is to be transmitted. The amplitude and phase remain the same.

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