Jose Antonio T.

Maranan Ma’am Jenalyn Shigella Yandug

RESEARCH PAPER ABOUT ENGINEERING LETTER

INTRODUCTION

There are two general classes of people among the individuals who are keen on the

study of the subject of lettering. First, the individuals who must utilize letters to pass on

information through drawings, as engineering students and draftsmen, architects, and so forth.;

second, the individuals who use lettering in design, as art students, specialists, designers and

craftsmen. The establishment is the equivalent for both, regardless of whether the application

be on a mechanical drawing or a poster. The top of the line might be concerned primarily with

legibility and speed, and the second with beauty, yet there can be no qualification in the

standards of the subject. Lettering is a significant piece of engineering drawing. It gives data

with respect to size, and directions, as notes and measurement. On a drawing, entire of the

composed data is consistently through lettering. It isn't written by hand. Lettering is a perishing

craftsmanship that presents content, measurements and notes that are written by hand in a

standard structure. Lettering is normally all capitalized without inclination or arranging,

however the maker of a drawing will regularly put their own personality into the lettering. All

caps on a engineering drawing isn't "yelling" however is great practice and encourages clear

communication. Inclined lettering might be utilized for accentuation of a specific point or

printing. Lettering is something beyond composing data perfectly, block style on a specialized

drawing. Lettering alludes to all the dimensioning, scaling, and specialized information on the

drawing. There are classes in engineering technical drawing that attention on lettering. It is a

significant idea and done inappropriately the measurements on a section or assembly will be

off.

CHARACTERISTIS OF GOOD LETTERING

To start with, Legibility. Each letter must be particular and not need to be perused in context

to be comprehended. Industry can't endure blunders brought about by poor drawing legibility. Next

is, Corporate Pride. Some designing organizations just have their drawings to sell. Poor lettering

ponders ineffectively their item and makes potential clients question their engineering accuracy.

Lastly, Dedication. You owe it to yourself to do your very best. Don't settle for anything less than

your best. Successful people aren't "average". Pay your "dues" and practice. You can improve with

effort and don't sell yourself short. Believe in yourself.

ENGINEERING LETTERING

Engineering lettering is the process of forming letters, numerals, and other characters

in technical drawing. It is utilized to portray, or provide detailed determinations to, an item.

With the objectives of intelligibility and consistency, styles are institutionalized, and lettering

capacity has little relationship to ordinary composition capacity. Engineering lettering use a
Gothic sans-serif script, formed by a series of short strokes. Lower case letters are rare in most

drawings of machines.

IMPORTANCE OF ENGINEERING LETTERING

Engineering lettering can supply all the data required with the precision and subtleties

required. It is subsequently, one of the chief elements of attracting to pass on ideas from the

design engineer to the fabricator. Hence, the skill to interpret and construct engineering

sketches and drawings is of supreme importance.

GUIDE IN DOING ENGINEERING LETTERING

Letters are all block letters generally of equivalent width and 1/8 inch tall. The

utilization of a mechanical guide or development lines to control tallness is prescribed for

consistency. Except if an inked drawing is lettered utilizing a Leroy scriber (presently out of

date) lettering is done freehand. All letters are capitalized just except if in a long section of

multiple sentences. Letters of a word will be near one another without contacting. Space

between words is about equivalent exactly H or W. Numbers are the same size as letters.

Fraction numbers are slightly smaller than 1/8 inch, stacked and symmetrical to the line it is

in. Multiple lines of text should leave space between each line of about half the height of a

normal letter.
 Special cases of lettering may be smaller or larger than the standard tallness. Title

square lettering might be bigger. Segment see identifiers and cutting plane marks may likewise

be bigger.

Each letter is by and large made through and through and left to right. Toward the part

of the bargain leg or line of a letter, the pen or pencil is picked up and relocated for the next

line. For example the letter 'A' consists of a stroke down and to the left, down and to the right

and a final stroke left to right half way up the height connecting the two legs together. Rounded

letters such as 'O' start at the top and go down and around to the left to the bottom, pencil up,

then another stroke from the top then down and to the right closing the O at the bottom.

Shortcuts are often taken making these letters with one stroke. Letters are generally sans-serif

though using she serif form of 'I' as the word I is accepted.

FREEHAND LETTERING

A comprehension of the letter shapes and the capacity to imagine them can be cultivated

by drawing them until the muscles of your hand are familiar with the example of the strokes

that make up the letters. You ought to have the option to draw great letters without deliberately

thinking about this example. Your position and how you hold your pencil will incredibly

influence your lettering. You ought to sit upright and lay your lower arm on the planning phase

or table. Hold the pencil between the thumb, forefinger, and second finger; the third and fourth

fingers and the ball of the palm rest on the drawing Sheet. Do not grip the pencil tightly. A

tight grip will cramp the muscles in your fingers, causing you to lose control. If you get
“writer’s cramp” easily, you are probably holding your pencil too tightly. The pencil should

be kept sharpened to produce uniform line weights. A tapered formed pencil point works best

for generally lettering. Typically, a F or H pencil is utilized for lettering. A pencil that is too

hard may cut into the paper, or it might deliver lettering that won't imitate effectively. A pencil

that is too delicate will require incessant honing, and it will create lettering that may spread

effectively on a drawing.

SINGLE STROKE LETTERING

By a wide margin the best measure of lettering on drawings is done in "single stroke" or "one

stroke" letters, either vertical or slanted, and each specialist must have outright direction of

these styles. The ability to letter well and quickly can be gained by any artist, yet it requires

much cautious practice with exacting consideration from the beginning to the structure and

extent of each letter, to the arrangement of strokes. also, to the standards for composition.

The term " single stroke" does not mean that the entire letter is made without lifting the pen,

but that the width of the stroke of the pen is the width of the stem of the letter. For the desired

height, therefore, a pen must be selected which will give the necessary width, and for Gothic

letters one which will also make the same width of line when drawn horizontally, obliquely or

vertically.
 SINGLE STROKE INCLINED GOTHIC LETTERING

The single stroke letter inclined to a slope of between 60 and 70° is preferred by perhaps

most draftsmen. "The writer believes that for mechanical drawing, sloping lettering is better

than vertical”. An argument utilized by the individuals who support vertical lettering is that

there is just a single vertical as against any number of slants, and that it ought to in this manner

be simpler to instruct and get consistency with the vertical lettering. In any case, truly, it is

most likely simpler to get a sufficiently uniform slant than an adequately precise vertical, on

the grounds that an extremely slight deviation from the vertical is detectable. In the normal

mechanical drawing, there are such a significant number of genuinely vertical lines to contrast

and that the eye more promptly recognizes a deviation from the vertical than from any given

slope. Then, again, the sloping lettering stands out more clearly by contrast with the vertical

and the horizontal lines of the drawing. he order and direction of strokes for the capitals of this

form are the same as in the upright form, but these letters are usually not extended.
 A common slope for the inclined letters is to the proportion of 2 to 5, giving an angle of

68°+, which may be made by laying off two units on a horizontal line and five on a vertical

line. Triangles of 67 1/2° are sold by the dealers and are very convenient. In rapid lettering

some find it easier to use a somewhat greater slant (as much as 60°).

The minuscule or lowercase letters of the Roman and upstanding gothic are in all

respects infrequently utilized on working drawings as a result of the trouble of execution. It is

attractive, in any case, to have a lower-case letter for notes on drawings by virtue of the

expanded neatness, as we read words by their promise shapes and are progressively acquainted

with these shapes in lower-case letters. Sections printed completely in capital letters are

monotonous in structure and hard to read.

This letter is the minuscule reduced to its lowest terms, omitting all unnecessary hooks

and appendages. It is very legible, and after its swing has been mastered can be written very

fast. These letters are used with the inclined gothic capitals and are made with bodies two-

thirds the height of the capitals.

The light thin lines attracted to acquire uniform and correct tallness of letters are called

Guide Lines. Guide ought to be drawn extremely light and meager, so that, they need not be

eradicated after the lettering is done. To eradicate guide lines in the wake of completing the

lettering isn't effectively conceivable. Guide line for capital and lowercase lettering.

PENCIL TECHNIQUES

The best pencil for lettering on most surfaces is the H, F, and HB grades. Hold your

pencil in the position shown. It should make approximately a 60° angle with the paper.

HEIGHT OF LETTERING

The principle necessity of lettering on engineering drawing are legibility, consistency,

simplicity and rapidity in execution. Both upstanding and slanted letter are appropriate for

general use. All letters ought to be capital, aside from where lowercase letters are

acknowledged globally for abbreviations. The minuscule or lowercase letters of the Roman

and upstanding gothic are in all respects infrequently utilized on working drawings due to the

difficulty of execution. It is desirable, however, to have a lower-case letter for notes on

drawings on account of the increased legibility, as we read words by their word-shapes and are

more familiar with these shapes in lower-case letters. Paragraphs printed entirely in capital

letters are monotonous in form and hard to read.

unnecessary hooks and appendages. It is legible, and after its swing has been aced can be

composed quick. These letters are utilized with the slanted gothic capitals and are made with

bodies two-thirds the stature of the capitals.

SPACING OF LETTERS AND WORDS

Uniform spacing between letters is done by eye. Contrary to what might seem logical,

putting equal distances from letter to letter causes them to appear unequally spaced. Space

letters closely within words to make each word a compact unit, but space words well enough

apart to clearly separate them from adjacent words. Be sure to leave space between rows of

lettering, usually equal to the letter height.

LETTERING PENCILS

High-quality drawing pencils help produce good quality technical sketches and

drawings.

Hard - are used where extreme accuracy is required, as on graphical computations and

charts and diagrams. The softer leads in this group (right) are sometimes used for line work on

engineering drawings, but their use is limited because the lines are apt to be too light.
 Medium - these grades are for general-purpose work in technical drawing. The softer

grades (right) are used for technical sketching, lettering, arrowheads, and other freehand work

on mechanical drawings. The harder leads (left) are used for line work on machine drawings

and architectural drawings. The H and 2H leads are widely used on pencil tracings for

reproduction.

Soft - these leads are too soft to be useful in mechanical drafting. They tend to produce

smudged, rough lines that are hard to erase, and the lead must be sharpened continually. These

grades are used for artwork of various kinds, and for full-size details in architectural drawing.

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https://edengdrawing.blogspot.com/2013/02/technical-lettering.html

3. Drafting/Lettering (n.d) Retrieved from

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Drafting/Lettering

4. Retrieved from http://www.personal.kent.edu/~rbavis/lettering.htm

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