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Intro to Periodic Table Basics

The document summarizes key concepts about elements from the periodic table. It describes the different types of elements - metals, nonmetals, and metalloids - and their characteristic properties. Metals conduct heat and electricity well, can be formed into sheets or wires, and have a silvery appearance. Nonmetals are generally poor conductors and exist as gases or brittle solids. Metalloids have some properties of metals and some of nonmetals. The document also briefly mentions the noble gases, which are generally unreactive gases with a full outer electron shell.

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Laura Simons
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69 views2 pages

Intro to Periodic Table Basics

The document summarizes key concepts about elements from the periodic table. It describes the different types of elements - metals, nonmetals, and metalloids - and their characteristic properties. Metals conduct heat and electricity well, can be formed into sheets or wires, and have a silvery appearance. Nonmetals are generally poor conductors and exist as gases or brittle solids. Metalloids have some properties of metals and some of nonmetals. The document also briefly mentions the noble gases, which are generally unreactive gases with a full outer electron shell.

Uploaded by

Laura Simons
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHAPTER 1.

3 ELEMENTS
PERIODIC TABLE

Introduction to the Periodic Table


• The vertical columns of the periodic table are called groups, or families.
• Contains elements with similar chemical properties.
• The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table are called periods.
• Physical and chemical properties change somewhat regularly across a period.
Types of Elements
Metals
• A metal is an element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor.
• Properties of metals
• Lose electrons to become stable
• most are solids at room temperature
• Malleable - they can be hammered or rolled into thin sheets
• Ductile - they can be drawn into a fine wire
• Electrical conductor - conduct electricity and heat well
• High Tensile strength – ability to resist when pulled
• Luster – shine; usually silvery or gray (except copper and Gold)
Nonmetals
• A nonmetal is an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.
• Properties of nonmetals
• gain electron to become stable
• many are gases
• solids are brittle
• poor conductors of heat and electricity
• no metallic luster or reflection of light
Metalloids
• A metalloid is an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals.
• Properties of metalloids
• all metalloids are solids at room temperature
• semiconductors of electricity
Families of elements
Noble Gases
 Elements in Group 18 of the periodic table
• Properties of Noble Gases
• generally unreactive gases at room temperature
• full set of outer electrons… Valence Electrons

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