Exercise 2.

1 19
Chapter 2
Therefore, roots of the given equation are real

Chapter 2 {irrational} and unequal

Exp2iii) Find nature of roots of 6 x2  x 15  0
Sol: Given 6 x2  x 15  0 by comparing
b  b2  4 ac
Quadratic Formula: x  a  6, b  1, c  15
2a
Nature of the roots of quadratic equation Discriminant  b2  4ac
  1  4  6  15 
2
depends upon discriminant i.e., b2  4ac
Roots are Real have 3 cases  1  360
i). if b2  4ac  0
 361
b  0 b  0 b
i.e., x     192
2a 2a 2a Therefore, roots of the given equation are real
roots are Real { rational } and equal {rational} and unequal
ii). if b2  4ac is perfect square Exp2iv) Find nature of roots of 4 x2  x  1  0
Let b2  4ac  d 2 Sol: Given 4 x2  x  1  0 by comparing
b  d 2 b  d a  4, b  1, c  1
i.e., x  
2a 2a Discriminant  b2  4ac
roots are Real { Rational } and unequal  1  4  4 1
2

iii). if b2  4ac is positive number e

 1  16
Let b2  4ac  e
 15  0
b  e
i.e., x  Therefore, roots of the given equation are
2a complex conjugate {imaginary} and unequal
roots are Real { irrational } and unequal Exp3i Determine nature of roots of x2  6 x  9  0
iv) roots are Imaginary/ complex conjugate And verify the result by solving them
if b  4ac is negative number i.e.,  f
2
Sol: Given x2  6 x  9  0 by comparing
Let b2  4ac   f a  1, b  6, c  9
b   f b  i f Discriminant  b2  4ac
i.e., x  
  6   4 1 9 
2
2a 2a
roots are imaginary / complex conjugate  36  36
Exp 1. Find discriminant of x2  9 x  2  0 0
Sol: we have x2  9 x  2  0 by comparing Therefore, roots of the given equation are real
a  1, b  9,c  2 {rational} and equal. Now verification
Discriminant  b2  4ac x2  6 x  9  0
 92  4 1 2  x 2  3x  3x  9  0
x  x  3  3  x  3  0
 81  8
 73  x  3 x  3  0
Either x  3  0 or x 3  0
Exp2i). Find nature of roots of x2  8x  16  0
x3 x3
Sol: Given x2  8x  16  0 by comparing so roots of given equation are rational & equal
a  1, b  8, c  15
Exp3i Determine nature of roots of x2  5x  6  0
Discriminant  b2  4ac And verify the result by solving them
  8   4 116 
2
Sol: Given x2  5x  6  0 by comparing
 64  64 a  1, b  5, c  6
0 Discriminant  b2  4ac
  5  4 1 6 
2
Therefore, roots of the given equation are real
{rational} and equal  25  24
Exp2ii). Find nature of roots of x2  9 x  2  0
 1  12
Sol: Given x2  9 x  2  0 by comparing Therefore, roots of the given equation are real
a  1, b  9, c  2 {rational} and unequal. Now verification
Discriminant  b2  4ac x2  5x  6  0
  9   4 1 2 
2
x 2  3x  2 x  6  0
 81  8 x  x  3  2  x  3  0
 73  0  x  2  x  3  0
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.1 20
Chapter 2
Either x  2  0 or x3 0 ax2  bx  c  0 we get a  1 , b  - 4, c  13
x  2 x  3 ∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac
so roots of given equation are rational & unequal
  4   4 1 13
2
Exp4 without solving determine nature of roots
of 3x2  4x  6  0  16  52
Sol: Given 3x2  4x  6  0 by comparing  36
a  3, b  4, c  6 Q1ii). Find discriminant of 4x2  5x  1  0
Discriminant  b2  4ac Sol: Since 4x2  5x  1  0
  4   4  3 6 
2
Comparing with the quadratic equation
 16  72 ax2  bx  c  0 we have a  4, b  - 5, c  1
 56  0 ∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac
  5   4  4 1 
2
Therefore, roots of the given equation are
complex conjugate or imaginary and unequal
Exp5 without solving determine nature of roots  25  16
of 2 x2  7 x  1 9
Sol: Given 2 x2  7 x  1 Q1iii). Find discriminant of x2  x  1  0
Or 2 x2  7 x  1  0 by comparing Sol: Since x2  x  1  0
a  2, b  7, c  1 Comparing with the quadratic equation
ax2  bx  c  0 we have a  1 , b  1, c  1
Discriminant  b2  4ac
∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac
  7   4  2 1
2

 1   4 1 1 
2

 49  8
14
 41  0
 3
Therefore, roots of the given equation are real
{Irrational} and unequal Q2i). Examine nature of roots of 3x2  5x  1  0
Exp6i). Determine the value of k for which Sol: Since 3x2  5x  1  0
given kx2  4 x  1  0 have real roots. Comparing with the quadratic equation
Sol: we have kx2  4 x  1  0 by comparing ax2  bx  c  0 we have a  3 , b  - 5, c  1
a  k , b  4, c  1 ∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac
  5   4 31 
2
Discriminant  b2  4ac  0
 4  4  k 1  0
2
 25  12
16  4k  0  13  0
16  4k As b  4ac  0 , but not a perfect square,
2

therefor, roots are real {irrational} & Unequal

4k
Q2ii). Examine nature of roots of 6x2  x  2  0
Or k4
Exp6ii). Determine the value of k for which Sol: Since 6x2  x  2  0
Comparing with the quadratic equation
given 2 x2  kx  3  0 have real roots.
ax2  bx  c  0 we have a  6, b  1, c  -2
Sol: we have 2 x2  kx  3  0 by comparing
a  2, b  k , c  3 ∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac
 1   4  6  2 
2

Discriminant  b2  4ac  0
 1  48
 k   4  2  3  0
2

 49
k 2  24  0  72
k 2  24 As b2  4ac is a perfect square,
Therefor, roots are real;{rational} & Unequal
k 2  24
Q2iii)Examine nature of roots of 3x  2x  1  0
2

k 2 6 Sol: Since 3x2  2x  1  0

k  2 6 Comparing with the quadratic equation
ax2  bx  c  0 we have a  3 , b  2, c  1
Either k  2 6 or k  2 6
∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac
k  2 6
 2   4 31 
2

Exercise 2.1  4  12
Q1i). Find discriminant of x  4x  13  0
2
 8  0
Sol: Since x2  4x  13  0 As b2  4ac  0 , Therefor, roots are
Comparing with the quadratic equation imaginary & unequal or Complex conjugate
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.1 21
Chapter 2
Q3i). For what value of k the roots of 5  5
x2  kx  9  0 are equal. x
2
Sol: Comparing x2  kx  9  0 
 5  5 5  5   Unequal & irrational
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0 S S  , 

 2 2 

we have a  1 , b  k, c  9
As the roots are equal, therefore Q4ii). Determine whether 4x2  12x  9  0
∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac  0 have real roots and if so, find roots.
 k   4 1  9   0
2
Sol: Comparing 4x2  12x  9  0
 k2  36  0
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
we have a  4 , b  12, c  9
 k2  36
To check the nature of the roots
 k  6 ∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac
Q3ii). For what value of k the roots of
 12  4  4  9 
2
12x2  kx  3  0 are equal.
Sol: Comparing 12x2  kx  3  0  144  144
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0 0
we have a  12 , b  k, c  3 As b  4ac  0 , therefor, the roots are real
2

As the roots are equal, therefore { rational } and Equal { Repeated }

∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac  0 Since roots are real so we will solve further
4x2  12x  9  0
 k   4 123  0
2

2x   2 2x 3  3

2 2
0
 k2  144  0
2x  3  0
2

 k2  144
 k  12 2x  32x  3  0
Q3iii). For what value of k the roots of 2x  3  0 2x  3  0
x2  5x  k  0 are equal. Either 2x  3 or 2x  3
Sol: Comparing x2  5x  k  0 3 3
x x
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0 2 2
we have a  1 , b  - 5 , c  k  3 
As the roots are equal, therefore Solution Set    Repeated
2
∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac  0
  5   4 1 k   0
2 Q4iii). Determine whether 6x2  x  2  0
have real roots and if so, find roots.
 25  4k  0
Sol: Comparing 6x2  x  2  0
 25  4k
25 with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
k  we have a  6 , b  1, c  - 2
4
To check the nature of the roots
Q4i). Determine whether x2  5x  5  0 have
real roots and if so, find roots. ∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac
 1   4  6  2 
2
Sol: Comparing x2  5x  5  0
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0  1  48
we have a  1 , b  5, c  5  49
To check the nature of the roots
 72
∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac
As b2  4ac is a perfect square, therefor, the
  5   4 1  5 
2
roots are real “Unequal and rational”
 25  20 Since roots are real so we will solve further
50 6x2  x  2  0
As b2  4ac  0 , but not a perfect square, 6x2  4x  3x  2  0
therefor, roots are real; Unequal and irrational 2x 3x  2  1 3x  2  0
Since the roots are real so we will solve further
Using quadratic formula 2x  13x  2  0
b  b  4ac
2
2x  1  0 3x  2  0
x Putting values of a,b & c
2a Either 2x  1 or 3x  2
 5   5  4 15
2
1 2
x x x
2 1  2 3
 1 2 
x
5  25  20 Solution Set   ,  Unequal and rational
2 2 3 

Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.1 22
Chapter 2
  0   4 1  3
2
Q5i). Determine nature of roots of
3x  10x  3  0 & verify result by solving them.
2
 0  12
Sol: To check the nature of the roots  12
Comparing 3x2  10x  3  0 As b2  4ac  0 , but not a perfect square,
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0 therefor, roots are real “Unequal and irrational”
we have a  3 , b  - 10, c  3 Verification Since we have x2  3  0
∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac x2  3
  10   4 33
2
x 3
 100  36
 64
S Set   
3,  3 roots are Unequal & irrational

 82
Q6i). For what value of k the roots of
As b2  4ac is a perfect square, therefor, roots 2x2  3x  k  0 are (a) Real (b) Imaginary
are real ”Unequal & rational” Verification Sol: Comparing 2x2  3x  k  0
3x2  10x  3  0 with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
3x2  9x  x  3  0 we have a  2 , b  3, c  k
(a) if roots are real then b2  4ac  0
3x  x  3  1  x  3  0
 3  4 2k   0
2

3x  1 x  3  0  9  8k  0
Either Or
3x  1  0  9  8k
x 3  0 9 9
3x  1  k Or k
x 3 8 8
1 (b) if roots are imaginary then b2  4ac  0
x
3
 3  4 2k   0
2

 1
Solution Set  3,  Unequal and rational  9  8k  0
 3
Q5ii). Determine nature of roots of  9  8k
x2  6x  4  0 & verify result by solving them. 9 9
 k Or k
Sol: To check the nature of the roots 8 8
 9
Comparing x2  6x  4  0 Solution Set Re al k  
8
  
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0 Im aginary k 
9

 8

we have a  1 , b  - 6, c  4
Q6ii). For what value of k the roots of
∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac
kx2  2x  1  0 are (a) Real (b) Imaginary
  6  4 1  4 
2
Sol: Comparing kx2  2x  1  0
 36  16 with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
 20  0 we have a  k , b  2, c  1
As b  4ac  0 , but not a perfect square,
2
(a) if the roots are real then b2  4ac  0
 2   4 k 1   0
2
therefor, the roots are real “Unequal and irrational”
Verification Using quadratic formula
 4  4k  0
b  b2  4ac  4  4k
x Putting values of a,b & c
2a 1k Or k 1
  6    6  4 1  4 
2

x (b) if roots are imaginary then b2  4ac  0

2 1 
 2  4 k 1   0
2

6
36  20
x  4  4k  0
2
6  20 62 5  4  4k
x 
2 2 1k Or k 1
x 3 5
Solution Set  Re al k  1
 
 
SS  3  5,3  5 roots are Unequal & irrational Im aginary


k  1


Q5iii). Determine nature of roots of x2  3  0 Q6iii). For what value of k the roots of
& verify result by solving them. x2  5x  k  0 are (a) Real (b) Imaginary
Sol: To check the nature of the roots Sol: Comparing x2  5x  k  0
Comparing x2  3  0 with the quadratic with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
equation ax2  bx  c  0 so a  1 , b  0, c  -3 we have a  1 , b  5, c  k
∴ Discriminant  b2  4ac (a) if the roots are real then b2  4ac  0

Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.1 23
Chapter 2
  5   4 1 k   0
2 Product of the cube roots of unity

 25  4k  0 Since   1  i 3  2 
1  i 3
2 2
 25  4k
 1  3  1  3 
25 25 Taking 1.w.w2  1  
 k Or k  2  2 
4 4   
 1  
2
(b) if roots are imaginary then b2  4ac  0 2
 3
  5   4 1 k   0
2

2 2
 25  4k  0
1   3
 25  4k 
25 25
4
 k Or k 1 3 4
4 4  
 25  4 4
Re al k 
Solution Set  4  w 1
3
 
Im aginary 25 
k Reciprocal of the cube roots of unity

 4 

Cube root of unity Since w3  1
Let x be a cube root of unity, then w2
Taking w  w.
x  3 1  1 3 w2
1

w3
    w3  1
3
 x
1
 1
3 3
w2
 x3  1 1
w 2
 x3  1  0 w
 x3  13  0 w
And w2  w2 .
  x  1  x 2
 x.1  12  0  3
w
w
  x  1  x 2
 x 1  0  
w
 w3  1
x 1  0
Either Or x2  x  1  0 w2 
1
x 1 w
Comparing with the quadratic equation Exp 7 Show that
ax2  bx  c  0 we have a  1 , b  1, c  1 x3  y 3   x  y  x  wy   x  w2 y 
Using quadratic formula
b  b2  4ac Sol: Taking RHS   x  y  x  wy  x  w2 y  
x Putting values of a,b & c
2a   x  y   x 2  wxy  w2 xy  w3 y 2 
 1   1  4 11
2

x
2 1 

  x  y  x 2   w  w2  xy  1. y 2 
  x  y   x 2   1 xy  y 2 
1  1  4
x
2   x  y   x 2  xy  y 2 
1  3 1  i 3
x  i  1  x3  y 3
2 2
  Exp8.Evaluate w15 , w24 , w90 , w101, w2 , w13
Solution Set  1, 1  i 3 , 1  i 3 

 2 2 
 Sol: Given w15 , w24 , w90 , w101, w2 , w13
1  i 3 1  i 3 w15   w3   1  1
5 5
Let    2  then
2 2
  w24   w3   1  1
8 8
Solution Set  1, , 
2

w90   w3   1  1
30
Sum of the cube roots of unity 30

1). 1    2  0
w101  w99 .w2   w3  .w2  1.w2  w2
33
1  i 3 1  i 3
2
Sol: since    
2 2
w2  w2 .1  w2 .w3  w23  w
Taking LHS and putting the values
w13  w13 .1  w13 .15  w13 .w35  w1315  w2
1  3 1  3
1  w  w2  1  
 1  i 3    1  i 3 
3 3
2 2 Exp9 Show that  16
2  1  3  1  3 0 1  i 3 1  i 3
   0 = RHS Sol: since    2 
2 2 2 2

Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.2 24
Chapter 2
2w  1  i 3, 2w2  1  i 3 Comparing with the quadratic equation
ax2  bx  c  0 we have a  1 , b  2, c  4
    1  i 3 
3 3
Taking LHS 1  i 3 Using quadratic formula

  2 w    2 w2 
3 b  b2  4ac Putting values of a,b & c
x
3
2a
 2   2  4 1  4 
 23 w3  23  w3 
2
2
x
2 1 
 8 1  8. 1
2
2 4  16 2  12
x 
2 2
 88
2  3  4 2  2i 3
 16 RHS x
2

2
i  1

Exercise 2.2
x 2

1  i 3 
Q1i). Find cube root of 1 2
Sol: Let x be a cube root of 1 , then
1
Either x 2
 1  i 3  Or x 2
 1  i 3 
x  3 1   1  3
2 2
x  2 x  2 2


    
x 
3
1
1
3

3
Solution Set  2,2,2
2
 
  Q1iii). Find cube root of - 27
 x  1
3 Sol: Let x be a cube root of - 27, then
1
 x3  1  0 x  3 27   27  3
 x3  13  0  x3  27
  x  1  x 2
 x.1  12  0  x 3  27  0
  x  1  x 2
x 1  0  x 3  33  0
x 1  0  x  3  x 2  x.3  32   0
Either Or x2  x  1  0
x  1 Either x  3  0 Or x 2  3x  9  0
Comparing with the quadratic equation x  3
ax2  bx  c  0 we have a  1 , b  - 1, c  1 Comparing with ax2  bx  c  0 we have
Using quadratic formula a  1, b  -3 c  9 Using x  b  b2  4ac
2a
b  b2  4ac
x Putting values of a,b & c   3   3
2
 4 1 9 
2a x
2 1
  1    1  4 1 1 
2

x 3  9  36 3  27
2 1  x 
2 2
1 14
x
2 3  9  3 3  3 3
1  3 1i 3
x 
x  i  1 2 2
2 2
 1 3 
x
 1 i 3  x  3 
 2


2
   
 1  i 3   1  i 3  Either x  3  1  3  Or x  3  1  3 
Either x Or x  2   
2 2    2 
x   2 x  
x  3w2 x  3w
Solution Set  1, ,   2
 Solution Set  3, 3w, 3w 
2

Q1ii). Find cube root of 8 12 58 95

Q2i). Evaluate     
Sol: Let x be a cube root of 8, then 12 58 95
1 Sol: Since     
x 3
8  83
3
  12   57 1   932
 1

 x   83 
3
  34   319 . 1   331 . 2

 

      
4 19 31
 x3  8  3 3
.   3 . 2  3  1
 x 8  0
3

 1   1  .  1  . 2
4 19 31
 x3  23  0
  x  2  x 2
 x.2  22  0   1  1.  1. 2 1    2  0
  x  2  x 2
 2x  4  0   1    2
x 2  0
Either Or x  2x  4  0
2
0
x 2

Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.2 25
Chapter 2

     1  i 3   
7 4 5
 2  . 2 2
4 5
Q2ii). Evaluate 1     2 Take LHS 1  i 3

   24  4 .25  10
7
Sol: Since 1     2
 16  32 4 10

 1     2
7
 1    2  0  512 14
 512 12 . 2
     
7
2 2
1     2
 
4
 512  3 2
  2    2
7 7
2
 27  512  1. 2
 128 14  128 122  512 2
Q4i). Show that x3  y3   x  y  x   y  x   2 y  
   2  128. 1   2
4 4
 128  3
 128 2
Sol: Take RHS  x  y  x   y  x   2 y  
Q2iii). Evaluate 1  3  2 1    22   
 x  y  x x   2y   y x   2y   

Sol: Since 1  3  2 1    22   
  x  y  x   xy   xy   y
2 2 3 2


 1    2   2  1    2  2
 
  x  y  x2   2   xy   3 y2  
    2      2 
2 2
 1    2 2 2

  x  y  x   1  xy  1.y
2 2

    2      2 
2 2 2 2
  x  y  x 2
 xy  y 2

 2  2  3  2 2
 x  y  LHS
3 3

 2       3  
2 2
Hence x3  y3   x  y  x   y  x   2 y  
 6      2 2
 1   1   1     1
Q4ii). Show that 1   2 4 8

 6 .   . 
2 2 2

Sol: Take LHS 1    1   1   1    2 4 8

 6     
3 3
  1 3

 1    1   1    1    
2 3 6 2
 6 1   
 1    1    1    1   
2
  1 2 3
Q2iii). Evaluate 1  3w  w2 1  w  2w2  
Rearranging the same factors

Sol: Since 1  3w  w2 1  w  2w2    1   1    1   2  1    2

 1  w  w2  2w   w2  2w2 

 1    1   2 
2 2

  0  2w   3w2   1    1    2
2

 6w3  1 1      1   
2 2
2

 6
 1       
2
2 3

Q3i). Prove that 1  2  1  2 2 1     2   6

 0  1
2

Sol: Take LHS 1  2  1  2 1       2 2

 12
 1 1  2   2 1  2  1     
2 2 2  1  RHS

 1  2  2  4  1  1
2 3 
Hence 1   1   1   1     1
2 4 8

 1  2      4.1 1  1 
2
Relation between the roots ( Solutions )
and the coefficients of the quadratic equation
 1  2  1   4 2 
Let α , β be the roots of the quadratic
equation ax  bx  c  0, a  0 so that
2

 1  2  4 2 
b  b  4ac
2
and   b  b  4ac
2

 32   
2a 2a
 6  RHS The Sum of the roots

Hence 1  2  1  2 2 1     2  6   Sum     
b  b2  4ac b  b2  4ac
2a

2a

Q3ii). Prove that 1  i 3    1  i 3 

4 5
 512 2

 b  b2  4ac  b  b2  4ac   
2a
1  i 3 1  i 3
Sol: As   and   2

b  b  4ac  b  b2  4ac 2

2 2 2a
 2  1  i 3 and 22  1  i 3 b  b  b2  4ac  b2  4ac

2a
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.2 26
Chapter 2
2b    
2
  3a 
2

2a
b  2   2  2  9a2 Putting the values
 
a 7  2  a 2   9a 2
The Product of the roots 7  9a 2  2a 2
 b  b2  4ac   b  b2  4ac 
Pr oduct   .     7  7a 2
 2a  2a 
   a2  1
 
2
 b
2
 b2  4ac  a  1

2a 
2 Exp13. Find value of k if roots of x2  7 x  k  0
differ by unity

b2  b2  4ac   Sol: Given roots are differ by unit Assume that
4a 2

b2  b2  4ac
 ,  1 be the roots of x2  7 x  k  0

4a.a b   7 
4ac  S     1   7
 a 1
4a.a
c
2  1  7

a 2  7  1
Exp10i). Without solving find the sum and 2  6
product of the roots of 2x2  3x  4  0
 3
Sol: Given 2x2  3x  4  0 by comparing
a  2, b  3, c  4  P     1  c  k  k putting   3
a 1
b   3 3 3  3  1  k
 sum of roots S   
a 2 2 k  12
c 4 Exp13. If  ,  are roots of 9 x2  27 x  k  0 ,
 Product of roots P    2
a 2 Find the value of k such that 2  5  7
Exp10ii). Without solving find the sum and
Sol: Given 9 x2  27 x  k  0
product of the roots of 3x2  6x  2  0
Sol: Given 3x2  6x  2  0 by comparing
  27 
  
a  3, b  6, c  2 9 k
  …….(2)
b 6 27 9
 sum of roots S    2   
a 3 9
c 2     3 ………(1)
 Product of roots P   Given condition 2  5  7
a 3
Exp11. Find value of k so that sum of roots of 2  2  3  7
2 x2  kx  6  0 is equal to three times product 2      3  7 putting
of roots
2  3  3  7
Sol: Given 2 x2  kx  6  0 by comparing
a  2, b  k , c  6 according to condition 6  3  7
sum of roots = 3 Product of roots 3  7  6
S  3P 3  1
b 3c 1
 
a a 3
b  3c putting the values 1
k  3  6  Put in eq (1)   3
3
k  18 1 9 1 8
  3  
3 3 3
Exp12. Find value of a if sum of square of roots k
eq (2)   Putting
x2  3ax  a 2  0 is 7 9
Sol: Given  2   2  7 and x2  3ax  a 2  0 k  8  1 
   
by comparing A  1, B  3a, C  a2 9  3  3 
c a2 k 8
 P      a2 
a 1 9 9
b   3a  k 8
 S       3a
a 1
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.3 27
Chapter 2
Exp15. Find value of m and n if both sum and Q2. Find the value of k if sum of the roots of
product of roots of mx2  5x  n  0 2x2  kx  6  0 is equal to product of roots.
Sol: Given mx2  5x  n  0 by comparing Sol: Comparing 2x2  kx  6  0
a  m, b  5, c  n according to condition with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
    10   10 we have a  2 , b  k, c  6
  5  n According to the given condition
 10  10 Sum of the roots = Product of the roots i.e.,
m m      .
5  10m n  10m
b c
 by a
5
m 1 1 a a
n  10   m 
10
2 2 b  c
1
m n5 Substituting the values of b and c
2 k  6
Exercise 2.3  k  6
Q1i). Without solving equation, find the sum & Q3. Find the value of k if the sum of square of
product of roots of 4x2  4x  3  0 the roots of x2  5kx  6k2  0 is equal to 13.
Sol: Comparing 4x2  4x  3  0 Sol: Comparing x2  5kx  6k2  0
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0 with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
we have a  4 , b  - 4, c  - 3 we have a  1 , b  - 5k, c  6k2
Sum of the roots Sum of the roots
b b
   Putting values of a and b    Putting the values of a and b
a a
  4  4   5k  5k
   1     5k
4 4 1 1
Product of the roots Product of the roots
c c
 .  Putting values  .  Putting the values of a and c
a a
3 6k2
 .   .   6k2
4
1
Q1ii). Without solving equation, find the sum According to the given condition
& product of roots of 2x2  5x  6  0  2   2  13
Sol: Comparing 2x2  5x  6  0  2   2  2  2  13
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
     a2  b2  2ab   a  b 
2 2
 2  13
we have a  2 , b  5, c  6
Sum of the roots Putting the values of    and  . we get
b
5k   
2
   Putting the values of a and b  2 6k2  13
a
 5  25k2  12k2  13
5
  
2 2 13k2  13
c  k2  1
Product of the roots  .  Putting values
a  k  1
6
 .  3 Q4. For what value of k the roots of the
2 equation x  5x  k  0 differ by unity.
2

Q1iii). Without solving equation, find the sum

Sol: Comparing x  5x  k  0
2

& product of roots of 3x  2x  5  0

2
with the quadratic equation ax  bx  c  0
2

Sol: Comparing 3x  2x  5  0
2
we have a  1 , b  - 5, c  k
with the quadratic equation ax  bx  c  0
2
Sum of the roots
we have a  3 , b  2, c  - 5 b
Sum of the roots    Putting the values of a and b
a
b
   Putting the values of a and b   5  5
a     5
 2  1 1
2
    Product of the roots
3 3
c c
Product of the roots  .  Putting values  .  Putting the values of a and c
a a
5 k
 .   .   k
3 1
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.3 28
Chapter 2
According to the given condition Differ by unity Q5. For what value of k the roots of the
  1 equation x2  9x  k  2  0 differ by three.
Using formula Sol: Comparing x2  9x  k  2  0
4           putting the values
2 2
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
we have a  1 , b  - 9, c  k + 2
4k  5   1 
2 2
According to condition Let roots are  ,   3
4k  25  1 Sum of the roots
4k  24   9 
24    3 
k 6 1
4 2  9  3
Q4. For what value of k the roots of the
6
equation x2  5x  k  0 differ by unity.   3
Sol: Comparing x2  5x  k  0
2
Product of the roots
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0 k 2
we have a  1 , b  - 5, c  k    3   putting the value of 
Let the roots are  ,     1 1
3  3  3  k  2
Sum of the roots
b 18  k  2
   Putting the values of a, b &  k  18  2
a
  5  k  16
   1  5
1 Q6. If α,β be the roots of x2  5x  k  0 ,
2  5  1 find k such that 3 α + 2 β = 12
4 Sol: Comparing x2  5x  k  0
 2
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
2
Product of the roots we have a  1 , b  - 5, c  k
c b
 .  Putting the values of a, c,  , &  So,     Putting the values of a and b
a a
k   5  5
   1      5
1 1 1
2  2  1  k c
Now  .  Putting the values of a and c
k 6 a
Q5. For what value of k the roots of the k
 .  k
equation x2  9x  k  2  0 differ by three. 1
According to the given condition
Sol: Comparing x2  9x  k  2  0 3  2  12
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0   2  2  12
we have a  1 , b  - 9, c  k + 2   2      12
Sum of the roots
  2  5   12     5
b
   Putting the values of a and b   10  12
a
  12  10
  9  9
    9  2
1 1
    5
Product of the roots
c 2  5   2
 .  Putting the values of a and c   5 2  3
a
k 2 Now using  .  k
 .   k 2
1
According to given condition
23  k    2,   3

Roots are Differ by three   3 k6

Using formula Q7. Find the value of m and n if both sum and
product of the roots of the quadratic equation
4           putting values
2 2
3
mx2  3x  n  0 are equal to .
4  k  2    9   3
2 2
5
4k  8  81  9 Sol: Comparing mx  3x  n  0
2

4k  72  8 with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0

64 we have a  m , b  - 3, c  n
k  16
4 Sum of the roots = 53
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.3 29
Chapter 2
   3
5 then find value of symmetric function 1  1
b 3  

a 5 Sol: As  ,  are roots of ax  bx  c  0
2

Putting the values of a and b 1 1  1 1 

  3  3
     
      
m 5 1 1    put values
15  3m  
  
m5
b c
Product of the roots = 3
5
 
a a
 .  3
5 b a
c 3  
 a c
a 5
b
Putting the values of a and c 
n 3
c

m 5 Exp16vi): If  ,  are roots of ax2  bx  c  0
n 3 1 1
 m  5 then find value of symmetric function 2  2
5 5  
 n  3
Sol: As  ,  are roots of ax  bx  c  0
2
Exp16i): If  ,  are roots of ax2  bx  c  0
then find value of symmetric function    1 1 2 1 1 2
 2 2  2 2 2 2
     
Sol: As  ,  are roots of ax2  bx  c  0
1 1   2 2
b  2  put values
    2
  2 2
a
Exp16ii): If  ,  are roots of ax2  bx  c  0  2   2  2  2

then find value of symmetric function   2 2
     2 putting values
2

Sol: As  ,  are roots of ax2  bx  c  0 

 
2
c
 
a  b 2 c  c 
2

    2 
  
Exp16iii): If  ,  are roots of ax2  bx  c  0  a  a   a 
then find value of symmetric function  2   2  b 2 2c a  a 2
  2    2
Sol: As  ,  are roots of ax2  bx  c  0 a a a c
 2   2   2   2  2  2 b 2  2ac a 2
  2
      2 putting the values a2
2
c
b  2ac
2

 b  
2
c
   2  c2
 a  a Formation of quadratic equation through roots
b 2 2c a Since ax  bx  c  0
2
 2 
a a a b c
x2  x 0
a a
b  2ac
2
  b c
x2     x   0
a2  a a
Exp16iv): If  ,  are roots of ax2  bx  c  0 x 2      x    0
then find value of symmetric function  3   3 x2  Sx  P  0
Sol: As  ,  are roots of ax2  bx  c  0 Exp 17 Form a quadratic equation whose
       3   3  3    
3
roots are 1  5 and 1  5
Sol: Roots of quadratic eq are 1  5 &1  5
 3   3       3     put values
3

Sum of roots  S  1  5  1  5  2
 b   c   b 
  
3

 Product of roots P  1  5 1  5
  3   
 a   a  a 
 5
2
P  12
b3 3bc a
 3  2  P  1  5  4
a a a
b  3abc
3 Since x  Sx  P  0 putting values
2

 x 2  2 x   4   0
a3
Exp16v): If  ,  are roots of ax2  bx  c  0 x2  2x  4  0

Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.4 30
Chapter 2
Exp 18i) Form a quadratic equation whose
roots are 2a + 1 and 2b +1
Exercise 2.4
Sol: Roots of quadratic eq are 2a + 1& 2b +1 Q1i). If α,β be the roots of ax2  bx  c  0 ,
Sum of roots S  2a  1  2b  1 3
find the value of     
3

S  2a  2b  2
Sol: Sum of the roots     b
Product of roots P   2a  1 2b  1 a
P  4ab  2a  2b  1 c
Product of the roots  . 
Since x  Sx  P  0 putting values
2 a
x 2   2a  2b  2  x   4ab  2a  2b  1  0
According to the given condition

Exp 18ii) Form a quadratic equation whose

 3    3    2   2  
roots are a 2 and b 2 
      2  2
2 2

Sol: Roots of quadratic eq are a 2 and b 2
Sum of roots S  a 2  b2 
       2
2

Product of roots P  a2b2 Putting the values α + β and α,β
c   b   c 
2
Since x2  Sx  P  0 putting values  3    3      2 
x 2   a 2  b 2  x  a 2b 2  0 a  a 
  a  
c  b2 2c a 
Exp 18iii) Form a quadratic equation whose   2  . 
aa a a
1 1
roots are and c  b2  2ac 
a b   
a a2 
1 1
Sol: Roots of quadratic eq are
a
and
b 

c b2  2ac 
1 1 ab a 3

Sum of roots S   
a b ab Q1ii). If α,β be the roots of ax2  bx  c  0 ,
   
1 1 1 2
Product of roots P    find the value of
a b ab
b c
Since x2  Sx  P  0 putting values Sol: As we know     &  . 
a a
 ab 1
x2   x  0 multiply by ab According to the given condition
 ab  ab Using formula
abx 2   a  b  x  1  0         
2 2
 4
Exp 18iv) Form a quadratic equation whose Putting the values α + β and α,β
2 3  b 
2
c
   
2
roots are and    4 
3 2  a  a
b2 4c a
2 3    
2
Sol: Roots of quadratic eq are and  2  .
a a a
3 2 b2  4ac
   
2
2 3 4  9 13 
Sum of roots S     a2
3 2 6 6
1
Product of roots P  2  3  1 Q2i). Find quadratic eq whose roots are 1,
3 2
2
Sol: Sum of the roots
Since x  Sx  P  0 putting values
2
1 21 3
13    1  
x2  x  1  0 multiply each term by 6 2 2 2
6 Product of the roots
6 x2  13x  6  0 1 1
 .  1   
Exp 18v) Form a quadratic equation whose 2 2
2 5 The required equation is given by
roots are and
5 2 x2  Sumoftheroots  x   Product oftheroots   0
2 5 Putting the values α + β and α,β
Sol: Roots of quadratic eq are and
5 2 3 1
x2  x 0  by 2
Sum of roots S  2  5  4  25  29 2 2
3 1
5 2 10 10 2x2  2. x  2.  2.0
2 5 2 2
Product of roots P    1 2x2  3x  1  0
5 2
Since x2  Sx  P  0 putting values Q2ii).Find quadratic eq whose roots are 3, 4
29 Sol: Sum of the roots     3  4  1
x2  x  1  0 multiply each term by 10
10 Product of the roots  .   3 4   12
10x2  29x  10  0
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.4 31
Chapter 2
The required equation is given by x2  Sumoftheroots  x   Product oftheroots   0
x  Sumoftheroots  x   Product oftheroots   0
2
 b2  2ac   c2 
x2   x   2   0
Putting the values α + β and α,β  a 2
 a 
x2  1  x   12  0 
 a x  b  2ac x  c2  0
2 2 2
  
x2  x  12  0
Q2iii). Find quadratic eq whose roots are Q4i). If α, β be roots of 2x2  3x  1  0 , then
3  2,3  2 find value of   
Sol: Sum of the roots  

    3 2  3 2    Sol: Comparing 2x2  3x  1  0
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
3 2 3 2
we have a  2 , b  3, c  1
33 2 2
Since α,β be the roots of 2x2  3x  1  0
6
b 3 c 1
Product of the roots     and  .  

 .  3  2 3  2   a 2
     
a 2
  .  .
 .   3    Now
2 2
2      
 .  9  2 
2  2
 .  7 
 2   2  2  2
The required equation is given by 

x2  Sumofthe roots  x   Product ofthe roots   0
   
2
 2

Putting the values α + β and α,β 
x2  6 x  7  0    3   1  1
2

     2   
Q2iv).Find quadratic eq whose roots are a, 2a    2   2   2
     a    2a    9 2 2 2
    
Sol: Sum of the roots  a  2a    4 2 2  1
 a   9  4 2
Product of the roots
 .  a 2a     
   4  1
 .  2a 2
  5
 
The required equation is given by   2
x2  Sumoftheroots  x   Productoftheroots   0
Q4ii). If α, β be roots of 2x2  3x  1  0 , then
Putting the values α + β and α,β 1 1


x2   a  x  2a2  0  find value of
 2
2
x  ax  2a  0
2 2
Sol: Comparing 2x2  3x  1  0
Q3. Form a quadratic eq whose roots are
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
square of roots of eq ax2  bx  c  0 a  0 we have a  2 , b  3, c  1
Sol: Since α,β be the roots of ax2  bx  c  0 Since α,β be the roots of 2x2  3x  1  0
b & c
  
a
 . 
a b 3 c 1
    and  .   Now
The roots of the required equation are  , 
2 2 a 2 a 2
1 1 2 1 1 2
2 2   . 2  2. 2
∴ Sum of the roots      2
2
 2
 
     2  2
2 2 2  2

 2 2
      2
2

 2   2  2  2

 b  c
2
 2 2
   2 
   
2
 a  a  2

b2 2c a  2 2
 2  .
a a a
b2  2ac
Putting the values

a2 1 1  3 2  1   1 
2

     2      
∴ Product of the roots   .
2 2
2 2  2   2    2 
   Putting
2
1 1 9 2 2 4
     
c
 
2
 2
2 4 2 2 1
a
1 1 94 4
c2
 2    5
a  2
2 4 1
The required equation is given by
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.4 32
Chapter 2
Q4iii). If α, β be roots of 2x2  3x  1  0 , x2  Sumofthe roots  x   Product ofthe roots   0
2 2  26 
then find value of  x2    x  1   0
   15 
Sol: Comparing 2x2  3x  1  0  15x2   26  x  15  0
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0  15x2  26x  15  0
we have a  2 , b  3, c  1 Q6. If α, β be roots of x2  4x  2  0 , then
Since α,β be the roots of 2x2  3x  1  0 1 1
find equation whose roots are   ,  
b 3 c 1  
    and  .   Now
a 2 a 2 Sol: Comparing x  4x  2  0
2

2 2  2 2 
  .  . with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
     
we have a  1 , b  - 4, c  2
3  3
 Since α,β be the roots of ax2  bx  c  0

b   4  4
     4 and
     3    
3
a 1 1

 c 2
 .   2
a 1
  a  b   a3  b3  3ab  a  b  Putting values
3

The roots of the required equation are

 2  2  3   1   3   1
3
1 1
     3        , 
  2   

  2   2   2
∴ Sum of the roots
 2  2  27 9 2  2 1 1  1 1 
           
  8

 4 2 1      
 2  2 27  18 2 1 1  
         
  8 1   
2 2 9
Putting the values
  1 1 4
  4      4
  2
Q5. If α, β be roots of 3x2  2x  5  0 , then 1 1
       42  6
find the equation whose roots are  ,   
Sol: Comparing 3x2  2x  5  0 ∴ Product of the roots
 1  1     1
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0             . 
        
we have a  3 , b  - 2, c  5
 1   1  1 2  2
Since α,β be the roots of ax2  bx  c  0           
  2       
  
b
 
2 and  .  c  5
     2
2
a 3 3 a 3  1  1  1

,             
The roots of the required equation are       
∴ Sum of the roots Putting the values
      1  4   2 2 
2

  .  .  1  1
              2  
    2 2
2  2  1  1  2 2 1 16  4
         .  
     2 1 2 2
   2  2  2
2
 1  1  4  1  16  4 17
         
      2 2

   
2
 2 The required equation is given by
 x2  Sumofthe roots  x   Product ofthe roots   0

 17 
x2   6  x   0
   2   5  5
2

     2      2 
   3   3   3  2x2  12x  17  0
Division of Polynomial:
   4  30  3
   Quotient
   9  5 Divident
  26 Divisor Divisor  Quotient its General Formula
 
  15 Re mainder
  Divident   Divisor  Quotient   Re mainder
∴ Product of the roots .  1 so
  This result is known as “Division Algorithm”
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.5 33
Chapter 2
Remainder Theorem: Since 1 &-2 is a zero of Polynomial so we have
A polynomial of degree n  1, divided by 13  m  n  0 ………….(1)
 x  a  until a constant is obtained called 3  m  n  0 …………(2)
remainder denoted by f (a) 16  2n  0 by adding eq(1) and eq (2)
 n  8 put in eq (2)
Factor Theorem: A polynomial f ( x) has a
3  m   8  0
factor  x  a  iff f (a)  0
m5  0
Synthetic Division: The method of synthetic
division for dividing the polynomial of degree m5
n 1 n2 Thus m  5 & n  8
n an x  an1 x  an2 x   a1 x  ao by
n 1
Exp22:if -1 and 2 are roots of quartic equation
x  a is illustrated and described as follow: x4  5x2  4  0 use synthetic division to find
an an 1 an  2 a1 ao Row one
a     
other roots
 aan ab ac ad ae Row Two Solution: Given quartic eq x4  5x2  4  0
an b c d e f Row Three And roots are -1 and 2
Re mainder
Coefficients of Quotient Then by synthetic division
b  an 1  aan -1 1 0 -5 0 4
e  a1  ad -1 1 4 -4
where c  an 2  ab and
f  ao  ae 1 -1 -4 4 0
d  ac 2 2 2 -4
Quotient should be 1 1 -2 0
an x n 1
 bx n2
 cx n 3
  dx  e of degree Q  x   x  x  2  0 having other factors
2

(n 1) if Remainder is zero or f  0 x 2  2 x  1x  2  0

And Quotient is also known as Depressed x  x  2   1 x  2   0
polynomial.
Exp19: Use synthetic division to find the  x  2  x  1  0
Quotient Q(x) and the remainder R when Either x  2  0 or x 1  0
3x3  2 x2 150 is divided by x  4 x  2 x 1
Sol: Given P  x   3 x  2 x  0 x  150 Thus other two roots are x  2 & x  1
3 2

And divisor x  4  0  x  4 Exercise 2.5

Then by synthetic division Q1i). Use synthetic division to find the
4 3 -2 0 -150
12 40 160 quotient Q  x  and remainder R when
3 10 40 10 3x3  2x2  x  1 is divided by x  3
Therefore Q(x) = 3x  10 x  40 & R  10
2
Sol: Since 3x3  2x2  x  1
Exp20: use synthetic division to find the value And x  3  0  x  3
of k if 2 is a zero of 2x4  x3  kx2  8 -3 3 2 -1 -1
Sol: Given P  x   2 x  x  kx  0 x  8
4 3 2
-9 21 -60
3 -7 20 -61
And given zero is 2
Then by synthetic division Therefore Q  x   3x  7x  20 & R  61
2

2 2 1 K 0 -8 Q1ii). Use synthetic division to find the

quotient Q  x  and remainder R when
4 10 2k+20 4k+40
2 5 k+10 2k+20 4k+32
Since 2 is a zero of Polynomial so 2x3  7x2  12x  27 is divided by x  3
4k  32  0
Sol: Since 2x  7x  12x  27
3 2

4k  32 And x  3  0 x 3
k  8
Exp21: use synthetic division to find the value 3 2 -7 12 -27
of m and n if x  1 & x  2 are factors of 6 -3 27
x3  mx2  nx  12 2 -1 9 0
Sol: Given P  x   x  mx  nx  12
3 2 Therefore Q  x   2x2  x  9 and R  0

Given x  1 and x  2 are factors. There zeros Q1iii). Use synthetic division to find the
x  1  0  x  1 & x  2  0  x  2 quotient Q  x  and remainder R when
Then by synthetic division 2x4  3x2  5x  7 is divided by x  2
1 1 -m n 12
Sol: Since 2x  3x  5x  7
4 2
1 1-m 1-m+n
1 1-m 1-m+n 13-m+n  2x4  0.x3  3x2  5x  7
-2 -2 2+2m And x  2  0  x  2
1 -1-m 3+m+n
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.5 34
Chapter 2
-2 2 0 -3 5 -7 a b 1  0 1 
2
-4
-4
8 -10
5 -5
10
3
a b3  0 2 
2a  4  0
Therefore Q  x   2x  4x  5x  5 & R  3
3 2

2a  4
Q2. Use synthetic division to find the value of 4
a   2
k if -2 is a zero of x3  4x2  kx  8 2
Sol: Since x3  4x2  kx  8 Put in equation ( 2 ) we get
2  b  3  0
Given zero x  2 of polynomial
-2 1 4 K 8 b 23  0
-2 -4 -2k+8 b 1  0
1 2 k-4 -2k+16=R b  1
Since -2 is a zero of the given polynomial Hence a  2, b  1
Or x + 2 is a factor so its Remainder = 0 Q5. One root of the cubic equation
R  2k  16  0
Therefore x3  7x  6  0 is 3. Use synthetic division to
 2k  16
16
find the other roots.
k  8
2 Sol: Since x3  7x  6  0
Q3. Use synthetic division to find the value of Or x3  0.x2  7x  6  0
p and q if x  1 and x  2 are the factors of 3 1 0 -7 -6
x3  px2  qx  6 3 9 6
1 3 2 0
Sol: Since x  px  qx  6
3 2
Therefore Q  x   x  3x  2 and R  0
2

Factor x 1  0  x  1
To find the other roots take Q (x) = 0
Factor x 2  0 x 2 x2  3x  2  0
-1 1 P q 6 x2  2x  1x  2  0
x  x  2  1  x  2  0
-1 -p+1 p-q-1
1 p-1 -p+q+1 p-q+5=0
2 2 2p+2  x  1 x  2  0
1 P+1 P+q+3=0
Either or
Since x  1 and x  2 are the factors of
x 1  0 x 2  0
the given polynomial so the remainder = 0
p  q  5  0 1  x  1 x  2
Hence the other roots are 1,  2
pq3  0 2  Q6. If – 1 and 2 are roots of the quartic
2p  8  0 equation x4  5x3  3x2  7x  2  0 . Use
2p  8 synthetic division to find the other roots.
8 Sol: Since x4  5x3  3x2  7x  2  0
p  4
2 -1 1 -5 3 7 -2
Put in eq ( 2 ) we get -1 6 -9 2
4  q  3  0 2 1 -6 9 -2 0
2 -8 2
q4 3  0 1 -4 1 0
q 1  0 Therefore  
Q x  x 2
 4x  1
q1
To find the other roots take Q (x) = 0
Hence p  4, q  1 x2  4x  1  0 Comparing with
Q4. If x  1 and x  2 are the factors of the ax2  bx  c  0 we have a  1 , b  - 4, c  1
polynomial x  ax  bx  2 , then using
3 2
using quadratic formula
synthetic division, find the values of a and b. b  b2  4ac
x Putting values of a, b & c
2a
Sol: Since x  ax  bx  2
3 2

  4    4   4 1  1 
2
Factor x 1  0  x  1 x 
2 1 
Factor x 2  0 x 2
4 16  4 4  12
-1 1 a b 2 x  
2 2
-1 -a+1 a-b-1 4  43 4 2 3
x  
1 a-1 -a+b+1 a-b+1=0 2 2
2 2 2a+2 4 2 3
x    2 3
1 a+1 a+b+3=0 2 2

Since x  1 and x  2 are the factors of Hence the other roots are 2  3, 2  3
the given polynomial so the remainder = 0

Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.6 35
Chapter 2
Simultaneous Equation: A system of Put x 2  4 in eq (1)
equation which have a common solution is
4  y2  4
called simultaneous system of equation.i.e.
ax  by  c  y2  0
  Simultaneous Linear equation
dx  ey  f   y0
Exp23: Solve
2 x  y  10
the system Solution of given system   2, 0  ,  2, 0 
4 x 2  y 2  68
Sol; Given system 2 x  y  10 …………..(1) Exercise 2.6
Q1i). solve 2x  y  3 the system
4x2  y 2  68 …………….(2)
Form eq (1) y  10  2 x ……..(3) put in eq (2) x2  y 2  2

4 x 2  10  2 x   68
2 Sol: Since 2x  y  3 1
4 x 2  100  40 x  4 x 2  68  0
x2  y 2  2 2 
8x2  40 x  32  0 divided by 8 Form equation (1)
x2  5x  4  0
2x  y  3

x 2  4 x  1x  4  0 2x  3  y 3 
x  x  4   1 x  4   0 Putting the value of y in equation (2) we get
x2  2x  3  2
2
 x  1 x  4   0
x2  2x   2 2x 3  3  2
2 2
Either x 1  0 or x  4  0
x 1 x  4 put in eq (3)
x2  4x2  12x  9  2  0
y  10  2 1 y  10  2  4 
5x2  12x  7  0
y  10  2 y  10  8
5x2  7x  5x  7  0
y 8 y2
x  5x  7   1  5x  7   0
Solution of the given system  1,8  ,  4, 2 
 x  15x  7   0
x y 7
Exp24: Solve the system Either Or
x 2  3xy  y 2  1 5x  7  0
Sol: Given system x  y  7 …………(1) x 1  0
5x  7
x 1
And x2  3xy  y 2  1 ……….(2) 7
x
From eq (1) x  7  y ………..(3) put in (2) 5
7  y  3  7  y  y  y 2  1
Substituting these values in equation (3)
2

When x = 1 x7
5
49  14 y  y 2  21y  3 y 2  y 2  1
y  2 1   3 y 2 7  5  3
y 2  3 y 2  y 2  14 y  21y  49  1  0
y  23
5 y 2  35 y  50  0 y  14 3
divided by 5
y  1 5
y 2  7 y  10  0 14  15 1
y 
5 5
y 2  5 y  2 y  10  0
  7 1  
y  y  5  2  y  5  0 
Solution Set   1, 1 ,  ,   
  5 5  
 y  2  y  5   0
Either y  2  0 or y 5  0 Q1ii). Solve x  2y  0 the system
y  2 y  5 Put in (3) x  4y  32
2 2

x  7   2  x  7   5  Sol: Since x  2y  0 1

x5 x2 x2  4y2  32 2 
Solution of given system   5, 2  ,  2, 5  Form equation (1) we have
x  2y  0
x2  y 2  4
Exp25: solve the system x  2y 3
2x2  y 2  8
Putting the value of y in equation (2) we get
Sol: Given system x2  y 2  4 ………(1)
 2 y   4 y 2  32
2

2x  y  8 ……...(2)
2 2

4 y 2  4 y 2  32
Adding (1) & (2) 3x2  12
x 2  4 taking square root 8 y 2  32
x  2 y2  4  y  2

Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.6 36
Chapter 2
Substituting these values in equation (3) y  4  2 1   13 
y  4  2 
When y  2 y  2  5 
y  4 2 20  26
x  2 2  x  2  2  y 2
y
5
6
x  4 x4 y
5
Solution Set   4,2,  4, 2   13 6  
Q1iii). Solve 2x  y  8 the system
 
Solution Set   1,2 ,  , 
  5 5  
x2  4x  y
Q1v). Solve 4x  5y  4 the system
2 2

Sol: Since 2x  y  8 1 3x2  y2  3

x  4x  y
2
2  Sol: Since 4x2  5y2  4 1
Form equation (1)
2x  y  8
3x  y  3
2 2
2 
3 
From equation (2) we get
2x  8  y
3x2  y2  3
Putting the value of y in equation (2) we get
x2  4x  2x  8
y2  3  3x2 3 
Putting the value of y in equation (1) we get
x2  4x  2x  8  0
4 x 2  5  3  3x 2   4
x x  4  2 x  4  0
4 x 2  15  15 x 2  4
 x  2 x  4   0 4 x 2  15 x 2  4  15
Either Or
x 2  0 x40 11x 2  11
x 2 x  4 11
x2 
Substituting these values in equation (3) 11
When x = 2 x=-4 x2  1
y  2 2   8 y  2  4   8 Substituting x2  1 in equation (3) we get
y  48 y  8  8 y2  3  3 1 
y  12 y0 y2  3  3  0


Solution Set  2,12 , 4, 0  Therefore x2  1 and y  0
2

Taking square root

Q1iv). Solve 2x  y  4 the system
x  1 and y  0
x  2x  y  3
2 2

Sol: Since 2x  y  4 1 Solution set   1, 0  1, 0,  1, 0
2  Q1vi). Solve 5x  y  9 the system
2 2
x2  2x  y2  3
Form equation (1) x2   y2  45
2x  y  4 Sol: Since 5x2  y2  9 1
y  4  2x 3  x2   y2  45 2
Putting the value of y in equation (2) we get Adding equations (1) and (2)
x2  2 x   4  2 x   3
2
5x2  y2  9
x2   y2  45
x 2  2 x  16  16 x  4 x 2  3
6x2   54
5 x 2  18 x  13  0
54
5 x 2  13x  5 x  13  0 x2  9
6
x  5 x  13  1 5 x  13  0 Substituting x  9 in equation (1) we get
2

 x  1 5 x  13  0 5 9  y 2  9

Either Or 45  9  y 2
5 x  13  0 y 2  36
x 1  0
5 x  13
Thus x  9 & y  36 Taking square root
2 2
x 1
x  135 x  3 & y  6
Substituting these values in equation (3)
When x = 1 x  135   
S.S   3, 6  3,6 ,  3,6 , 3, 6 ,  3, 6 
Q1vii). Solve 4x  3y  5  0 the system
2 2

2x2  3y2  4  0
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.6 37
Chapter 2
Sol: Since 4x2  3y2  5  0 1 x 2  3x  2  0
2x2  3y2  4  0 2  x 2  2 x  1x  2  0
Subtracting x  x  2   1 x  2   0
4x2  3y2  5  0
 x  1 x  2   0
2x2  3y2 40
Either x  1  0 or x20
2x2 1  0 x  1 x  2 put in (3)
2x2  1 y  4   1 y  4   2 
1 y3 y2
x2 
2 Solution set   1,3 ,  2, 2 
1
Substituting x  in equation (1) we get
2
Exp26: A rectangular shed is being build that
2 has an area of 120 square feet and is 7
1
4    3y2  5  0 Feet longer than it is wide. Determine its
2 dimensions.
2  3y2  5  0 Sol: Let width = x feet
3y2  3  0 Length = x  7 feet
3y2  3 Given that area = 120 square feet
3 x  x  7   120
y2   1
3
x 2  7 x  120  0
1
and y  1
2
Therefore x2  x 2  15 x  8 x  120  0
2
Taking square root x  x  15   8  x  15   0
1
x and y  1  x  8 x  15  0
2
Either x  8  0 or x  15  0

 1  x 8 x  15 which is impossible
Solution set   , 1  
 2
  Therefore width of rectangle = 8 feets
And Length of rectangle = 8 + 7 = 15 feets
x y 9
Q2i) Solve The system Exp27: A men purchased a number of shares
x 2  3xy  2 y 2  0 of stock for an amount of Rs. 6000 if he had
Sol: Given system x  y  9 ……….(1) paid Rs. 20 less per share, number of share
that could have been purchased for amount
x2  3xy  2 y 2  0 …………(2) of money would have increased by 10. How
From (1) y  9  x …………(3) put in (2) many share did he buy?
Sol: Let number of share = x
x 2  3x  9  x   2  9  x   0
2
The amount paid per share = y
x 2  27 x  3x 2  2 81  18 x  x 2   0 Total amount = 6000
xy  6000 ………………(1)
x 2  3x 2  27 x  162  36 x  2 x 2  0
6000
x 2  3x 2  2 x 2  27 x  36 x  162  0 y ……………(2)
x
9 x  162  0 According to condition
9 x  162  x  10  y  20   6000
x  18 xy  20 x  10 y  200  6000 put (1)
Put in eq (3) y  9  18  9 6000  20 x  10 y  200  6000
Solution set  18, 9  20 x  10 y  200  0 put value of x
yx4  6000 
Q2ii). Solve the system 20 x  10    200  0 multiply by x
2 x 2  xy  y 2  8  x 
Sol: Given system y  x  4 ………..(1) 20 x2  60000  200x  0 divided by -20
x2  10 x  3000  0
2 x2  xy  y 2  8 ……….(2)
From (1) y  4  x ……..(3) Put in (2)
x 2  60 x  50 x  3000  0
x  x  60   50  x  60   0
2 x2  x  4  x    4  x   8
2

2 x 2  4 x  x 2  16  8 x  x 2  8
 x  50  x  60   0
Either x  50  0 or x  60  0
2 x 2  x 2  x 2  4 x  8 x  16  8  0 x  50 x  60 is not admissible
4 x2  12 x  8  0 divided by 4 Thus number of share purchased is 50

Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.7 38
Chapter 2
Exercise 2.7 between any two points should be positive
Width of the hall = 4 meter
Q1. Find two consecutive positive integers Length of the hall = 4 + 5 = 9 meter
whose product is 72. Q4. The sum of two numbers is 11 and sum
Sol: Consider consecutive integers of their squares is 65. Find the numbers.
First positive integer = x Sol: Consider two numbers
Second positive integer = x + 1 First number = x
Then according to the given condition Second number = y
x  x  1   72 Sum of two numbers is 11
x2  x  72  0 x  y  11 1
x2  9x  8x  72  0 Sum of square of two numbers is 65
x x  9  8 x  9  0 x2  y2  65 2

 x  8 x  9   0 From equation (1)

x  y  11
Either Or
x 8  0 x9  0 y  11  x 3
x8 x  9 Putting the value of y in equation (2)
x2  11  x   65
2
We take only positive integer as given in question
First integer = 8
x2  112  2.11.x  x2  65  0
Second integer = 8 + 1 = 9
x2  x2  22x  121  65  0
Q2. The sum of the square of three
consecutive integer is 50. Find the integers. 2x2  22x  56  0  by 2
Sol: Consider consecutive integers x2  11x  28  0
First integer = x x2  7x  4x  28  0
x x  7   4 x  7   0
Second integer = x + 1
Third integer = x + 2
Then according to the given condition  x  4  x  7   0
x2   x  1    x  2   50
2 2 Either Or
x4 0 x7  0
x2  x2  2.x.1  12  x2  2.x.2  22  50  0
x4 x7
x2  x2  x2  2x  4x  1  4  50  0 Putting the value of x in equation (3)
3x2  6x  45  0  by 3 y  11  4 y  11  7
x  2x  15  0
2 y7 y4
x2  5x  3x  15  0 When x = 4 When x = 7
1st number = 4 1st number = 7
x x  5  3 x  5  0 2nd number = 7 2nd number = 4
 x  3 x  5   0 Q5. The sum of square of two numbers is
100. One number is two more than the other.
Either Or Find the numbers.
x 3  0 x5  0 Sol: Consider two numbers according to
x 3 x  5 condition ( one number is 2 more than other )
Take x = 3 Take x = - 5 First number = x
1st integer = 3 1st integer = - 5 Second number = x + 2
2nd integer = 3 + 1 = 4 2nd integer =- 5+1= - 4 Sum of square of two numbers is 100
x2   x  2   100
rd 2
3 integer =3+2=5 3rd integer =-5+2= - 3
Q3. The length of prayer hall is 5 meter more
x2  x2  2.x.2  22  100  0
than its width. If the area of the hall is 36
square meter. Find length and width of hall. 2x2  4x  4  100 
Sol: Consider dimension of the hall 2x2  4x  96  0  by 2
Width of the hall = x x  2x  48  0
2

Length of the hall = x + 5 x2  8x  6x  48  0

Then according to condition Area = 36 m 2
x  x  8  6  x  8  0
x  x  5   36
 x  6 x  8  0
x 2  5 x  36  0
Either Or
x 2  9 x  4 x  36  0 x6  0 x8  0
x  x  9  4  x  9  0 x6 x  8
 x  4  x  9   0 When x = 6
1st number = 6
When x = - 8
1st number = -8
x4 0 x9  0 2nd number=6+2= 8 nd
2 number= -8+2= -6
Either Or
x4 x  9
We take only positive integer because distance
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Exercise 2.7 39
Chapter 2
Q6. The area of a rectangular field is 252 x2  3x  108  0
square meter. The length of its side is 9
meter longer than its width. Find its sides x2  12x  9x  108  0
Sol: Consider dimension of rectangular field x  x  12  9  x  12  0
Width of the hall = x
Length of the hall = x + 9  x  9 x  12  0
Then according to the given condition x9  0 x  12  0
Either Or
Area = 252 m 2 x9 x  12
x  x  9   252 We take only positive integer because distance
between any two points should be positive
x2  9x  252  0 Base = 9 Perpendicular = 9 + 3=12
x2  21x  12x  252  0 Q9. The sides of a right triangle in cm are
x  x  21   12  x  21   0  x  1 , x,  x  1 . Find the sides of triangle.
 x  12 x  21  0 Sol: Since in right angled triangle the longest
side is hypotenuses, so
Either Or Hypotenuses = x + 1
x  12  0 x  21  0 Base = x
x  12 x  21 Perpendicular = x – 1
We take only positive integer because distance Using Pythagoras theorem
between any two points should be positive Base2 + perpendicular2= hypotenuses 2
x2   x  1    x  1 
Width of the rectangular field = 12 meter 2 2

Length of the rectangular field = 12 +9=21 meter

x2  x2  2.x.1  12  x2  2.x.1  12
Q7. One side of a rectangle is 3 centimeter
less than twice the other. If the area of the 2x2  2x  1  x2  2x  1  0
rectangle is 54 square centimeters, then find 2x2  x2  2x  2x  1  1  0
the sides of rectangle. x2  4x  0
Sol: Let width of rectangle = x x x  4  0
Than according to condition Either x  0 Or x4 0
Length of the rectangle = 2 x  3 x4
Given that Area = 54 cm 2 When x = 0
x 2x  3  54
Perpendicular = 0 – 1 = -1
Base = 0
2x2  3x  54  0 Hypotenuses = 0 + 1 = 1
2x2  12x  9x  54  0 We take only positive measurement because
distance between any two points should be
2x  x  6   9  x  6   0 positive, so we neglect the above dimensions
2x  9 x  6  0 When x = 4
Perpendicular =4 – 1 = 3
Either Or Base = 4
2x  9  0 x6  0 Hypotenuses = 4 + 1 = 5
2x  9 x6 Q10. A farmer bought some goats for
9 Rs.9000. If he had paid Rs. 100 less for each,
x
2
he would have got 3 goats more for the same
We take only positive integer because distance amount of money. How many goats did he
between any two points should be positive
buy, when the rate in each case is uniform?
Width of the rectangular field = 6 centimeter
Sol: since cost each goat is uniform
Length of the rectangular field =  2  6   3 Let the cost of each goat = x
 12  3 Number of goats = y
Former bought some goats for Rs. 9000
 9 cm
i.e., xy  9000
Q8. The length of one side of right triangle 9000
exceeds the length of other by 3 centimeters. x 1000 less for each, he got 3
If the hypotenuse is 15 centimeters, then find y
the length of the sides of triangle goats more for same amount
Sol: since the triangle has three sides  x  100  y  3  9000
Let Base = x Perpendicular = x + 3
And hypotenuses = 15 centimeter
xy  3x  100 y  300  9000
Using Pythagoras theorem Putting the values of x and xy
Base2 + perpendicular2= hypotenuses 2  9000 
9000  3    100y  300  9000
x2   x  3  152
2
 y 
x2  x2  2.x.3  32  225 27000
 100y  300  0  by 100
y
2x2  6x  9  225  0
270
2x2  6x  216  0  by 2  y 3  0  by " y "
y
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Review Exercise 2 40
Chapter 2
270
 
 128   3  1   3    2 
2 4
.y  y.y  3.y  0.y
y  
270  y  3y  0
2

 128 1    1  
2 1 4 2
   1 3

 y2  3y  270  0 
 128    2  1     2  0
y2  3y  270  0  128  1
y  18y  15y  270  0
2
 128
y  y  18   15  y  18   0 Q4i). Without solving the equation. Find the
 y  15  y  18  0 sum and product of the roots of 4x2  1  0
Either or Sol: Comparing 4x2  0.x  1  0
y  15  0 y  18  0 with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
y  15 y  18 we have a  4 , b  0, c  - 1
Sum of the roots
Since number of goats cannot be negative
b
So number of goats y = 15    Putting the values of a and b
a
Review Exercise 2
 0 0
Q1. Fill in the correct circle only     0
i). if the sum of roots of 4 4
 a  1 x 2   2a  3 x   3a  4   0 is – 1
Product of the roots
c
then product of roots  .  Putting the values of a and c
a
O 0 O 1
1
O 2 O 2  . 
ii). The sum of the roots of quadratic eq is 4
Q4ii). Without solving the equation. Find the
2 & sum of cubes of roots is 98 the eq
sum and product of the roots of 3x2  4x  0
O x 2  2 x  15  0 O x 2  2 x  15  0
Sol: Comparing 3x2  4x  0  0
O x 2  4 x  15  0 O None of these
iii). If a, b, c positive real numbers, then with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0
we have a  3 , b  4, c  0
both roots of eq ax 2  bx  c  0 are always Sum of the roots
O Imaginary O Irrational b
O Rational O All of these    Putting the values of a and b
a
iv). If and b are the roots of
a 4
4 x 2  3x  7  0 then the value of 1a  b1 is  
3
O -3/4 O 3/7 Product of the roots
O -3/7 O 4/7 c
 .  Putting the values of a and c
Q2. For what value of k the roots of the a
equation 3x2  5x  k  0 are equal 0
 .   0
Sol: Comparing 3x2  5x  k  0 3
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0 Q5. Find the value of k so that sum of the
we have a  3 , b  - 5, c  k roots of 3x2  2k  1 x  k  5  0 is equal to
According to the given condition the product of the roots.
 b2  4ac  0
Sol: Comparing 3x2  2k  1 x  k  5  0
  5   4 3k   0
with the quadratic equation ax  bx  c  0
Discriminant 2
 25  12k  0
 25  12k we have a  3 , b  2k + 1 , c  k - 5
25 According to the given condition
k  Sum of the roots = Product of the roots i.e.,
12
     .
    1  i 3 
7 7
Q3. Evaluate 1  i 3 b c
 by a
a a
Sol: As   1  i 3 and  2 
1  i 3 b  c
2 2 Substituting the values of b and c
 2  1  i 3 and 2  1  i 3
2
 2k  1   k  5
2k  1  k  5
    1  i 3 

 
7 7
 2   2 2
7 7
Take 1  i 3
 5  1  k  2k
 27  7  27  14  4  3k
4

 27  6 1   12 2   k
3

Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Review Exercise 2 41
Chapter 2
Q6. Find value of k if roots of 4
2 
x2  3x  k  1  0 differ by unity. 2
Sol: Comparing x2  3x  k  1  0 2  2
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0 2
  1
we have a  1 , b  - 3, c  k + 1 2
Sum of the roots     b Putting Sum     b Putting values of a,b,α & β
a a
  3 3 k
   3 21 
1 1 2
k
c 3
Product of the roots  .  Putting 2
a k  3  2
k 1  k  6
 .   k 1
1 Q9. One root of cubic equation
According to the given condition x3  6x2  11x  6  0 is - 3. Use synthetic
Differ by unity   1 division to find the other roots.
Using formula Sol: Since x3  6x2  11x  6  0
4           putting the values
2 2
-3 1 6 11 6
-3 -9 -6
4  k  1    3   1 
2 2
1 3 2 0
4k  4  9  1 Therefore Q  x   x2  3x  2 and R  0
4k  8  4 To find the other roots take Q (x) = 0
x2  3x  2  0
4k  4
x2  2x  1x  2  0
4
k  1 x  x  2  1  x  2  0
4
Q7 Find quadratic eq whose roots multiplicative  x  1 x  2  0
inverse of roots of 12x  17x  6  0
2 x 1  0 x 2  0
Either or
Sol: Comparing 12x  17x  6  02 x  1 x  2
with the quadratic equation ax2  bx  c  0 Hence the other roots are 1,  2
we have a  12 , b  - 17 , c  6 Q10i). Solve x  y  3 the system
b   17  17 x  3xy  y  29
2 2
   
a 12 12
c 6
Sol: Since x  y  3 1
 .   x2  3xy  y2  29 2 
a 12
According to condition Form equation (1)
1 1   xy 3
S   Putting the values
   y 3x 3 
17
17 Putting the value of y in equation (2) we get
S 12

x2  3x 3  x   3  x   29
2
6
12
6

x2  9x  3x2  3  2 3 x    x   29

Product of the roots 2 2

1 1 1
P .  Putting the values x2  9x  3x2  9  6x  x2  29
  
x2  3x2  x2  9x  6x  9  29  0
6 12
P  1  2 5x2  15x  20  0  by 5
12 6
The required equation is given by x  3x  4  0
2

x  Sumof the roots  x   Pr oduct of the roots   0

2
x2  4x  1x  4  0
 17  x x  4  1 x  4  0
x2    x  2   0  by 6
 6   x  1 x  4   0
 6x2  17x  12  0
x 1  0 x4 0
Q8. If one of the root of quadratic equation Either Or
x  1 x4
2x2  kx  4  0 is 2, find the other root. Also Substituting these values in equation (3)
find the value of k y  3   1  y  34
Sol: Comparing 2x  kx  4  0
2
y  31 y  1
with the quadratic equation ax  bx  c  0
2
y4
we have a  2 , b  k, c  4
c
Solution Set   1, 4,  4, 1
 .  Putting the values of a, c and α
a
Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org
 Review Exercise 2 42
Chapter 2
Q10ii). Solve 7x2  4  5y2 the system Activity 1: Find the error in x2  x  11  0 for
3x2  2  4y2 the real solution
Sol: Given x2  x  11  0 by comparing
Sol: Since 7x2  4  5y2 1 a  1, b  1, c  11
3x  2  4y
2 2
2  Discriminant = b2  4ac putting the values
x eq 1  by 4  28x2  16  20y2  12  4 111
x eq 2  by 5  15x2  10  20y2 Subtract
 1  44
13x2  26  0  43  0 roots are imaginary
13x2  26 But according to question roots should be real
x 2
2
So take small change x2  x  11  0 to get
2
Putting the value of x in equation (1) positive discriminant
5y2  7 2   4 Discriminant = b2  4ac putting the values
5y2  14  4  12  4 1 11
5y2  10  1  44
10  45  0 So Roots are real
y2  2 Using Quadratic formula
5
Thus x  2
2
y 22
1  12  4 1 11
x
Taking square root on both sides 2 1
x 2 y 2
1  45 1  9  5
  2,  2 
x 
Solution set  2 2
1  3 5
Q11. Area of a rectangle is 48 cm 2 if length and x
width are each increased by 4cm, area of the 2
larger rectangle is 120cm 2 Find length and  1  3 5 1  3 5 
 
width of the original rectangle. Solution set   , 

 2 2 

Sol: Let width of the rectangle = x
Length of the rectangle = y Activity 2: Divide x5  x2  5x  7 by x  2
Area of rectangle = 48cm 2 and find quotient and Remainder. Verify your
xy  48 answer by using long division.
48 Sol: Given P  x   x  0 x  0 x  x  5 x  7
5 4 3 2
y
x And divisor x  2  0 or x  2
After increasing Then by synthetic division
Width of new rectangle = x + 4 -2 1 0 0 1 5 7
Length of new rectangle = y + 4 -2 4 -8 14 -38
Area of new rectangle =120cm 2 1 -2 4 -7 19 -31
 x  4  y  4   120 Q(x)= x  2 x  4 x  7 x  19 and R  31
4 3 2

x  y  4   4  y  4   120 By using Long division

xy  4x  4y  16  120 x4  2x3  4x2  7 x  19
Putting the value of xy and y x2 x5  0 x 4  0 x 3  x 2  5 x  7
 48   x5  2 x 4
48  4 x  4    16  120 2 x4  0 x3
 x 
192 2 x 4 4 x3
4x   48  16  120  0 4x3  x 2
x
192 x 4 x3  8x2
4x   56  0  by 7 x2  5x
x 4
x  48  14 x  0
2 7 x 2 14 x
19 x  7
x 2  8 x  6 x  48  0
19 x  38
x  x  8  6  x  8  0
R  33
 x  6  x  8  0
x6  0 x 8  0
Either Or
x6 x8
When width x = 6 cm
48
So length   8 cm
6

Khalid Mehmood Lecturer GDC Shah Essa Bilot Sharif Available at www.mathcity.org