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Canadian Forces School of Military

Intelligence

Nato Conventional Military

Symbols
Programmed Instruction Package (PIP)

NAME:___________________________________________

January 2000
Ref.: PIP Signes conventionnels de l’OTAN produced by 4 Int Coy
APP-6A Military Symbols for Land Based Systems

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

INSTRUCTIONS.............................................................................................................................3
DEFINITION ...................................................................................................................................4
GUIDELINES ..................................................................................................................................4
COLOURS AND SHAPES USED ..................................................................................................5
NOTICE ...........................................................................................................................................6
FIELD SYMBOLS ...........................................................................................................................7
SIZE INDICATOR ..........................................................................................................................8
COMBAT ORGANIZATION .......................................................................................................12
SYMBOL LOCATION..................................................................................................................13
RÔLE INDICATORS ...................................................................................................................16
ADMINISTRATION AND LOGISTIC INSTALLATIONS........................................................27
ELECTRONIC WARFARE INSTALLATIONS ..........................................................................30
OBSERVATION POSTS...............................................................................................................33
WEAPONS INDICATOR..............................................................................................................34
MOBILITY INDICATOR .............................................................................................................45
UNITS IDENTIFICATION ...........................................................................................................51
REINFORCEMENT AND ATTACHED ......................................................................................56
THE DATE-TIME GROUP ...........................................................................................................60
COMMAND POST AND HEADQUARTERS .............................................................................61
UNCONFIRMED, SUSPECTED OR POSSIBLE INFORMATION. ..........................................65
SPECIAL FORCES........................................................................................................................69
LINES.............................................................................................................................................70
HOSTILE .......................................................................................................................................70
FRIEND .........................................................................................................................................70
BOUNDARIES ..............................................................................................................................72
DEFENSIVE POSITIONS.............................................................................................................77
OBSTACLES .................................................................................................................................82
FORTIFICATIONS .....................................................................................................................104
ARTILLERY FIRE PLAN...........................................................................................................105
ARCS OF FIRE............................................................................................................................107
MOVEMENTS .............................................................................................................................108
POINTS ........................................................................................................................................110
OBJECTIVES ..............................................................................................................................113
NBC EVENTS .............................................................................................................................114
COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES ..............................................................................119
OPERATIONNAL MANOEUVRE ORDERS ............................................................................122

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CAREFULLY READ THIS PAGE

INSTRUCTIONS
This Programmed Instruction Package (PIP) uses the NATO conventional
military symbols used in the Canadian Forces. The aim of this package is to teach
military personnel how to use these conventional military symbols correctly.

This is not a simply a manual but a learning program. This PIP has been
divided into many learning sections. Following each section you will have to apply the
knowledge learned by drawing the military symbols or answering questions on the
section just covered. Answers are on the page following the questions. Be sure you
fully understand each section before proceeding on to the next section. If you have any
questions in regards to the content of this PIP, take note and ask the instructor.

It is your responsibility not to cheat by viewing the answers before

answering all the questions. You have to understand that this program is
designed for self-learning.

To complete this program, you will need blue, red, black, green and yellow
markers, plus a military symbol template.

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DEFINITION
A military symbol is a graphic sign used, usually on a map, display or diagram, to
represent a particular military unit, installation, activity or other item of military interest.

Three basic principles to remember when creating military symbols:

1. Accuracy: The symbol should be easily identifiable as to what it

represents, and be precisely located;

2. Speed: It is of a greater importance to keep your map current than to

design overly complex symbols; and

3. Neatness: A sloppy symbol shows a lack of professionalism and

information may be lost if not easily read.

Guidelines
Military Symbols are primarily used for:

a. All types of battle maps;

b. Field sketches, traces and overlays, attached to operations and

administrative orders or plans;

c. Aerial photography; and

d. Organisational charts.

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Colours and shapes used
The following Colours and shapes will be use as frames for military symbols:

a. BLUE symbols are units, installations and activities that represent friendly
forces;

b. RED symbols are units, installations and activities that represent Hostile
forces;

c. YELLOW symbols are units, installations and activities that represent

unknown forces. Yellow is also used to represent all type of NBC events
including all areas contaminated by chemical, biological or radiation;

d. GREEN symbols are units, installations and activities that represent neutral
forces. Green is also used to represent all type of obstacles; and

e. BLACK: all text around a symbol, its role and mobility indicator.

LAND FORCES LAND FORCES

AFFILIATION AIR/SPACE SEA SURFACE SUBSURFACE
(Units) (Equipment)

UNKNOWN

FRIENDLY

NEUTRAL

HOSTILE

If a colour is used in a symbol, it shall indicate affiliation. This would apply to a

computer generated symbol where additional contrast is required.

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NOTICE

If any other colours are used in creating symbols, what they represent must appear in
the legend. It’s also important to note that colours are used to draw the frame of the
symbol only, the icon is drawn in BLACK. This will allow you to be able to read the
symbols while tactical lights are in use.

When you use computerised symbols, it is recommended that you use colours in the
symbols interior. Therefore translucent colours should be used to prevent hiding
information when at all possible.

During this program, use the proper colours to draw the symbols.

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SYMBOL FIELDS
Symbol fields are a composition of a mix of numbers, letters and abbreviations
grouped around the symbol to provide supplementary information.

The information that surrounds the symbols is as follows.

UNIT SIZE
BATTLE GROUP
QUANTITY OF EQUIPMENT

REINFORCED / DETACHED
DATE TIME GROUP UNCONFIRMED /SUSPECTED

FREE TEXT
ROLE
COMBAT CAPABILITY
EQUIPMENT INDICATOR

MOBILITY (unit)
UNIQUE DESIGNATION
HIGHER FORMATION

MOBILITY (eqpt)

TYPE OF HQ

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SIZE INDICATION
Symbols are used to indicate the size of a unit or an installation according to
their manpower. The proper symbol is located at the Centre top of the main symbol.

Below are the size indicators for platoon size and below.

a. = Team/Crew

b. = Squad

c. = Section

d. = Platoon (Engineer/Armour/Signals Troop)

Vertical bars are used to indicate the following formations.

a. | = Company (Artillery Battery, Engineer/Armour/Signals Squadron)

b. || = Battalion

c. ||| = Regiment/Group

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When an X is used to indicate size they indicate the following units.

a. X = Brigade

b. XX = Division

c. XXX = Corps

d. XXXX = Army

e. XXXXX = Army Group

f. XXXXXX = Region

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PROBLEM #1

Identify the size of the following symbols.

a. =__________________________________

b. =__________________________________

c. =__________________________________

d. | =__________________________________

e. || =__________________________________

f. ||| =___________________________________

g. X =___________________________________

h. XX =___________________________________

i. XXX =___________________________________

j. XXXX =___________________________________

k. XXXXX =___________________________________

l. XXXXXX =___________________________________

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SOLUTION # 1

a. = Squad

b. = Section

c. = Platoon

d. | = Company

e. || = Battalion

f. ||| = Regiment/Group

g. X = Brigade

h. XX = Division

i. XXX = Corps

j. XXXX = Army

k. XXXXX = Army Group

l. XXXXXX = Region

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COMBAT ORGANISATION
A box placed around the size indicator specify the use of a task group.

a. The following represent a combat team

b. Battle Group is formed from a battalion

c. A Brigade Group will be represented like this

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Symbol Location
The exact location of a Headquarters is shown by its mast. The exact locations
of other symbols use the centre of the symbol to pinpoint the symbol location. As shown
below by a line located at the bottom centre of the symbol. This method is only used
when space is limited.

a. = Exact location of an unknown unit

b. = Exact location of a hostile unit

c. = Exact location of a neutral unit

d. = Exact locations of a friendly headquarter

It is important to note, when space permits, the centre of the symbol is used to
pinpoint the symbol location.

Grid co-ordinate of the battalion

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PROBLEM #2

Describe the following symbols.

a. = ________________________________

b. = ________________________________

c. = ________________________________

d. = ________________________________

XX

e. = ________________________________

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SOLUTION #2

a. = Exact Location of a Friendly Platoon

b. = A Neutral Force Battalion

c. = Exact Location of a Hostile Section

d. = An Unknown Force Company

XX

e. = A Friendly Division Headquarter

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Role Indicator
The following symbols indicate the principal tactical role indicators.

UNIT SYMBOL DESCRIPTION

Infantry Two crossed swords

Armour Armour track

Reconnaissance Cavalry belt

Engineer bridge or E turned for

Engineer

Artillery Gun bullet

Signals Lightning

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PROBLEM #3

Describe the following units.

a. = _______________________________

b. = _______________________________

c. = _______________________________

d. = _______________________________

e. = _______________________________

f. = _______________________________

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SOLUTION #3

a. = A Hostile Artillery Battery

b. = A Friendly Engineer Troop

c. = A Neutral Signal Squad

d. = An Unknown Force Reconnaissance Squad

e. = A Friendly Tank Battalion

f. = A Hostile Infantry Regiment

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Other symbols used in a specialised role.

UNIT SYMBOL DESCRIPTION

Air defence Umbrella of protection

Mortar Mortar tube

Antitank Shaped charge warhead

Bridging Bridge

Maintenance Wrench

Medical Red cross

Missiles Missile frame

Mountain troop mountain

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NBC (nuclear, biological Contaminated area flag

and chemical)

Ordinance Shield and Sword

Combat service support Shelf

Transport Wheel

Airmobile Wing

Airborne Wing

Multiple roquet launcher Rocket salvo

Amphibious troop or Wave

marines

Radars
Antenna

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PROBLEM #4

Illustrate the proper military symbols.

a. A friendly medical platoon

b. A hostile antitank company

c. An unknown force air defence detachment

d. A neutral airborne division

e. A hostile surface to surface battery

f. An unknown force bridging squadron

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SOLUTION #4

a. A friendly medical platoon

b. A hostile antitank company

c. An unknown force air defence detachment

XX
d. A neutral force airborne division

e. A hostile surface to surface battery

f. An unknown force bridging squadron

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Abbreviations rather than an icon represent some speciality symbols.

a. Military Police MP

b. Electronic Warfare EW

c. Intelligence INT

d. Interior Security Forces SEC

The combination of two icons together can describe more accurately a unit.

Armoured
Mechanized Infantry Reconnaissance

Self-Propelled Artillery Airmobile Infantry

Air Defence Artillery Mountain Infantry

Armoured Antitank
Mechanized Engineer

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Armoured Multiple Rocket

NBC Reconnaissance
Launcher

Anti-Aircraft Artillery (AAA)

Engineer
Reconnaissance

Amphibious Troop
Reconnaissance Naval infantry

Airborne
Surface to Air Missile
Reconnaissance
(SAM)

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PROBLEM #5

Illustrate the following units.

a. A friendly self-propelled artillery brigade

b. A neutral mechanized engineer squadron

c. A hostile NBC reconnaissance section

d. An unknown mountain infantry battalion headquarters

e. A friendly naval infantry tank squadron

f. An unknown antitank missile platoon

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SOLUTION #5
X
a. A friendly self-propelled artillery brigade

b. A neutral mechanised engineer squadron

c. A hostile NBC reconnaissance section

d. An unknown mountain infantry battalion headquarters

e. A friendly naval infantry tank squadron

f. An unknown antitank missile platoon

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ADMINISTRATION AND LOGISTIC INSTALLATION
The basic symbol for an administrative and logistical installation is a black box
located on the top of the unit symbol.

Adding an icon to identify the role of the installation can modify these basic
symbols.

a. = An ammunition depot

b. = A water point

c. = A ration depot

d. = A POL depot

e. = A field hospital

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f. =A concentration area of bridging equipment

g. =A combat service support installation

h. = A maintenance installation

i. = A laundry/bath installation

j. D = A decontamination area

k. = A signal installation

l. = Military facility or base

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Combinations of icons can also be made to logistic installations.

a. = An artillery ammunition depot

b. = A refuelling point for aircraft

c. = A surface to air missile ammunition point.

(Don’t confuse with a SAM site represented the same way
but without the black box.)

The size indicator can also be added to the symbol to know the level of
command of this installation.

a. = Hostile regimental level ammunition depot

b. = Refuelling point of platoon no.3 of a neutral force

3

c. =A concentration point of bridging equipment of a friendly

squadron

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ELECTRONIC WARFARE INSTALLATION
A reversed triangle is no longer used for Electronic Warfare installations.
The letters EW are use as an icon in the middle of the unit symbol like this.

EW EW EW
EW

Other indicators could be added.

a. EW = An armoured electronic warfare vehicle

b. E W = A direction finding station

c. E W = A radio intercept station

d. EW = A jamming station

e. EW = A electronic warfare emission station

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PROBLEM #6

Describe the following symbols.

a. = ____________________________________

b. = ____________________________________

c. = ____________________________________
EW

d. = ____________________________________
E W

e. = ____________________________________

f. = ____________________________________

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SOLUTION #6

a. = A Friendly Battalion Level SAM Ammunition

Depot

b. = A Neutral Aviation Ammunition Depot

c. EW = A Hostile Jamming Squadron

EW
d. = An Unknown Radio Intercept Platoon

e. = A Hostile Regimental Level Water Point

f. = A Friendly Combat Service Support

Installation/Platoon

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OBSERVATION POST
The basic symbol for an observation post is the triangle. The colour determines
affiliation.

Icons can be added to define the role of the OP

a. = A reconnaissance observation post

b. = An artillery observation post

c. = A NBC observation post

d. = A sound ranging post

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WEAPONS INDICATOR
Conventional symbols are also used to illustrate single weapons found on the
ground.

These are some basic icon uses.

a. = A rifle/automatic weapon

= A light machine gun

=A heavy machine gun

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b. =A mortar of unspecified calibre

= A light mortar

= A medium mortar

= A heavy mortar

c. = Grenade-launcher of unspecified calibre

= Grenade-launcher light

= Grenade-launcher medium

= Grenade-launcher heavy

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d. = A gun or a howitzer of a unspecified calibre

= A gun or a howitzer light

= A gun or a howitzer medium

= A gun or a howitzer heavy

e. = A surface to surface missile of a unspecified range

= A surface to surface missile short range

= A surface to surface missile intermediate range

= A surface to surface missile long range

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f.
= A surface to air (SAM) missile of an unspecified range

= A short range SAM Air Defence missile

= A intermediate range SAM Air Defence missile

= A long range SAM Air Defence missile

g. = An air defence gun

= An air defence gun light

= An air defence gun medium

= An air defence gun heavy

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h. = An antitank gun

= An antitank gun light

= An antitank gun medium

= An antitank gun heavy

i. = An antitank missile

= An antitank missile light

= An antitank missile medium

= An antitank missile heavy

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j. = An antitank rocket launcher

= An antitank rocket launcher light

= An antitank rocket launcher medium

= An antitank rocket launcher heavy

k. = A multiple rocket launcher (MRL)

= A MRL light

= A MRL medium

= A MRL heavy

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l. = A flame-thrower

m. = A laser designator

Icons are also used to describe vehicles used within the army. They follow the same
rules as single weapons.

a. = A tank of a unspecified size

= A light tank

= A medium tank

= A heavy tank

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b. = An armoured personnel carrier (APC) of an unspecified size

c. = An infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) of an unspecified weight

d. = A soft-skinned vehicle

e. = An armoured vehicle

f. = A train or wagon

g. = A hovercraft

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PROBLEM #7

Describe the following symbols.

a. =_________________________________________

b. =_________________________________________

c. =_________________________________________

d. =_________________________________________

e. =_________________________________________

f. =_________________________________________

g. =_________________________________________

h. =_________________________________________

i. =_________________________________________

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SOLUTION PROBLEM #7

a. = Friendly Light Anti-Tank Missile

b. = Hostile Light Machine Gun

c. = Friendly Antitank Gun

d. = Friendly Light Mortar

e. = Hostile Intermediate Sam Air Defence Missile

f. = Hostile Multiple-Rocket Launcher

g. = Hostile Short Range Surface To Surface Missile;

h. = Friendly Light Flame Thrower

i. = Friendly Air Defence Gun.

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Role indicators can be use to further define the task of the vehicle.

a. A reconnaissance IFV

b. A signal APC

c. A soft-skinned maintenance vehicle

d. A soft-skinned bridging vehicle

E: An engineer APC

F: A tank with a dozer blade

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MOBILITY INDICATOR
Again to provide more accurate information, some symbols are designed to
indicate the type of mobility used by a vehicle.

a. Amphibious

b. Over snow

c. Towed

d. On wheeled 4x4

e. All terrain
(6X6, 8x8, etc)

f. Tracked

g. Half-track

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Numbers are use to indicate how many pieces of equipment are represented by
an equipment symbol.

3
a. = 3 mortars

2
b. = 2 IFV

6
c. = 6 howitzers

When you have many vehicles together, it is better displayed as a unit. An

example, 31 tanks together would be shown as a tank battalion. The numbers can be
found in the appropriate ORBATS.

31
a. =

6
b. =

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The Air Force uses unique symbols for their environment.

a. A helicopter

b. An aircraft

Symbols can also be modified with a role indicator.

B Fixed Wing Bomber I Fixed Wing Fighter Interceptor

F Fixed Wing Fighter Attack / Strike

A

A Rotary Wing Attack R Rotary Wing Reconnaissance

U J
L Rotary Wing Utility Light Rotary Wing ECM/Jammer

CI Civil Aircraft

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Fixed Wing Operational Icons

+ Medevac
A Attack/Strike
B Bomber
F Fighter
C Cargo Airlift
I Interceptor
J Electronic Countermeasures (ECM/Jamming)
K Tanker
MIL Air Track Military
N Anti-Surface Warfare
P Patrol
R Reconnaissance
S Antisubmarine Warfare
T Trainer
W Airborne Early Warning
X Reconnaissance Photograph
Y Communications
Z Electronic Surveillance Measures

Rotary Wing Operational Icons

+ Medevac
A Attack
C Cargo Airlift
J Electronic Countermeasures (ECM/Jamming)
K Tanker
R Reconnaissance
S Antisubmarine Warfare
T Trainer
U Utility

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PROBLEM #8

Identify the following symbols.

a. =____________________________

b. =____________________________

J
c. =____________________________

d. =____________________________

e. =____________________________

f. R =____________________________

g. =____________________________

h. =____________________________

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SOLUTION PROBLEM #8

a. =A Hostile Light Tank

b. =A Hostile Soft-Skinned All-Terrain Vehicle

c.
J = A Hostile Rotary Wing ECM/Jammer

d. = A Friendly Towed Air Defence Gun

e. = A Soft Skinned Maintenance Vehicle

f. R = A Friendly Reconnaissance Aircraft

g. = A Hostile Armoured NBC Vehicle

h. = A Hostile Engineering APC

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UNITS IDENTIFICATION
In this section, you will use a combination of numbers, letters and abbreviations
to better define unit and installations.

An alphanumeric title that uniquely identifies a particular symbol is a unique

designation and is located at the bottom left corner of the symbol.

a. Section two of a friendly infantry unit

2

b. Troop one of a friendly armoured unit

1

c. Hostile artillery battery A

d. The neutral second mechanised infantry battalion

2

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PROBLEM #9

Illustrate the symbol corresponding to these units.

a. The friendly signal squadron A

b. The Hostile 88th Airmobile corps

c. The neutral 1st mountain infantry battalion headquarters

d. The neutral 3rd tank division

e. A friendly medical installation held by the 3rd medical platoon

f. The friendly 6th transport company

g. A neutral observation post held by the 2nd reconnaissance section

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SOLUTION #9

a. Friendly Signal Squadron A

A

b. Hostile 88th Airborne Corps

88

1
c. Neutral 1st Mountain Infantry Battalion Headquarters

d. Neutral 3rd Tank Division 3

e. Friendly Medical Installation Held By

The 3rd Medical Platoon 3

f. Friendly 6th Transport Company

6

g. Neutral Observation Post Held By

The 2nd Reconnaissance Section 2

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Higher Formation designations are written at the bottom right corner of the
symbol. Each different higher echelon is separated by back slash. When an echelon is
unknown, a question mark should be written.

a. = The 3rd platoon of A company of the 3rd mechanised

3 A/3 infantry battalion

b. = The 4th armoured brigade of the 2nd division of the

6th American corps
4 2/6(US)

c. = C battery of an unknown artillery battalion of the 3rd

artillery regiment.
C ?/3

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When a unit belongs directly to a superior echelon without intermediate
command, the steps are represented by “0”, like these examples.

a. EW =The 1st electronic warfare squadron of the 1st

1 0/0/0/1 Canadian division.

The proper abbreviation can also be used.

b. EW =1st electronic warfare squadron of the first Canadian

1 1 DIV division (preferred method).

Specialised organisations like electronic warfare units or special force units don’t
follow the normal hierarchy found in the other units as in the combat arms.

Speciality within a unit may not correspond to a superior echelon. For example,
an armoured squadron may belong to a mechanised infantry battalion. The identification
of this unit is linked with the unique designation and to the role of the symbol.

a. =The 4th maintenance platoon of the 8th transport

company of the 2nd logistic battalion of the 31st
4 8/2/31 armoured brigade.

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REINFORCEMENT AND ATTACHED
Additional equipment and or personnel can reinforce some combat units. This is
illustrated by a (+) in bracket. When a unit is devoid of one of its parts or suffers losses,
this is illustrated that by a (-) in bracket. These designations are located at the top right
corner.

(+)
a. = B company, reinforced, of the 1st infantry battalion;
B 1

(-)
b. = Hostile 41st tank battalion, reduced, of the 4th tank
41 4 regiment.

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PROBLEM #10

Identify the following symbols:

(+)
a. =____________________________________
22 4

b. =____________________________________

3 B/45

c. =____________________________________
2 4/C

d. =____________________________________

72 7/23

(-)
e. MP =____________________________________
2 0/25/4

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SOLUTION #10

(+)
a. = Hostile 22nd Engineer Squadron
4 Headquarters, Reinforced, of the 4th Battalion
22

b. = Hostile Armoured Reconnaissance Troop 3 Of

B Squadron of the 45th Battalion

3 B/45

c. = Friendly Observation Post 2nd Recce Section

Of the 4th Platoon of C Company
2 4/C

d. = Hostile Water Point operated by 72nd Platoon

Of the 7th Company Of the 23rd Battalion
72 7/23

(-)
e. MP = Friendly 2nd Military Police Platoon reduced
2 0/25/4 and belonging to the 25th Battalion Of the 4th
Regiment

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A percentage figure can also be added below the detached/reinforced symbol to
indicate the capability of the unit.

(-)
65%
a. =The 41st tank battalion of the 4th tank
41 4 regiment at 65% of is capabilities.

This area is reserved for the capability indicator or for free text. Free text is used
to indicate relevant information. Therefore, this area is normally used to mark log
number entry. Each plotted symbol should have a log entry number to retrieve the
source of the information when needed. This number should be circled to differentiate
from other information around the symbol:

(-)
a. = 2nd military police platoon with detached
MP 135 element (reduced), belonging to the 25th
2 0/25/4 battalion of the 4th brigade. Log entry number
135.

On the opposite side of the free text is an area allocated for the unit’s main
equipment holdings. It’s very often useful to indicate what kind of weapons a unit holds.

a. (-) = Hostile 283rd mechanised infantry battalion of

BMP-2 80% the 28th regiment with a combat capability of
283 28 80% is equipped with BMP-2.

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THE DATE-TIME GROUP
Its MANDATORY that every plotted symbol must have a date-time group (DTG).
This combines the date followed by the hour when the unit or the installation is reported.
The hour is written in 24 hours format. These number are followed by the time zone
reference letter:

a. 250530B JUN 99 = 25 June 99 at 05:30 BRAVO time zone.

(Month and year are removed when space is
not available)

040800Z
b. = 4th mechanised infantry brigade reported on
the 4th of this month at 0800 hours ZULU time.
4

NOTE: The zulu time refers to the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). During international
operations, messages come with a DTG in zulu time. This avoids confusion with any
other time zone.

From now, you must write a DTG with each symbol you draw. Use the
letter “Z” for zulu time.

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COMMAND POST AND HEADQUARTER
Command posts and headquarters are identified with a mast form the bottom
left corner of the symbol:

NOTE: The bottom of the mast indicates the exact location of the symbol.

Four different type of HQ exists they are Main HQ, Alternate HQ, Forward HQ
and Rear HQ. You should indicate the type of headquarters. The designations are
marked below the symbols. The designations are as follows.

a. MAIN MAIN

b. ALTERNATE (tactical) ALT or TAC

c. FORWARD: FWD

d. REAR REAR

Examples

DTG
a. = Main infantry battalion HQ

MAIN

XX
DTG
b. = Alternate artillery division HQ

ALT

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PROBLEM #11
Draw the following symbols with the proper indications.

Hostile B armoured reconnaissance

squadron with 50% capability,
equipped with BRDM-2. Log entry
number 224 at 0745Z on 18 Jun 96.

Hostile 31st artillery battalion rear HQ

of the 3rd brigade of the 28th army
equipped with 2S5. Log entry number
78 at 221420Z.
Alternate HQ of the 3rd mechanised
infantry battalion reinforced, belonging
to the 5th brigade of the 1st Canadian
division equipped with M-113. Log
entry number 561 at 0430Z on 5 Jun.
Friendly 55th transport platoon of 2nd
service battalion of the 4th division.
Log entry number 88 at 062311Z.

Exact location of a friendly artillery

observation post held by 2 section of
1 platoon of C battery. Log entry
number 78 at 121200Z.

Friendly medical post held by the 7th

platoon of the 1st battalion with a
capability of 75%. Log entry number
45 at 300700Z.

62
 UNCLASSIFIED
SOLUTION #11

Hostile B armoured reconnaissance (-)

squadron with 50% capability,
180745Z
equipped with BRDM-2. Log entry 50% 224
number 224 at 0745Z 18 Jun 96. BRDM-2
B

Hostile 31st artillery battalion rear HQ

of the 3rd brigade of the 28th army 221420Z
equipped with 2S5. Log entry number 2S5 78
78 at 221420Z. 31 0/3/0/0/28
REAR

Alternate HQ of the 3rd mechanised

infantry battalion reinforced, belonging 050430Z JUN (+)
to the 5th brigade of the 1st Canadian M-113 561
division equipped with M-113. Log 3 0/5/1
entry number 561 at 0430Z on 5 Jun. ALT

Friendly 55th transport platoon of the

2nd service battalion of the 4th 062311Z
division. Log entry number 88 at 88
062311Z. 0/2/4 DIV
55

Exact location of a friendly artillery

observation post held by 2 section of 121200Z
1 platoon of C battery. Log entry 78
number 78 at 121200Z. 2 1/C

Friendly medical post held by the 7th

platoon of the 1st battalion with a
capability of 75%. Log entry number 300700Z
45 at 300700Z. 75% #45
7 0/1

63
 UNCLASSIFIED
FUTURES OR PLANNED LOCATIONS

Dashed lines are used to indicate a planned or future position for a unit or an
installation. Only the frame and the mast (if a HQ) are shown as a dashed line. The role
indicator is still drawn as usual. This method is used to show on the map where a unit
or an installation will be located as the unit is not already physically at this point.

DTG
a. = Future location of a tank division HQ

b. DTG = Planned location of a POL installation.

64
 UNCLASSIFIED
UNCONFIRMED, SUSPECTED OR POSSIBLE
INFORMATION.
When the report of a unit cannot be confirmed, you still have to plot the symbol
with a mark indicating the PROBABILITY of a unit location. The appropriate mark is a
question mark “?” on the top right corner of the symbol.

DTG ?
a. = Possible location of the 67th engineer
123
battalion of the 23rd regiment
67 23

(+) ?
DTG
b. 46 = Suspected location of the Neutral reinforced
7th medical company
7

DTG ?
c. = Unconfirmed report about the location of an
EW 991
Electronic Warfare detachment.

65
 UNCLASSIFIED
A question mark “?” is also used if information is missing.

DTG
a. = Confirmed location of a forward observer position of
? an unknown section

?
DTG
b. = A hostile air mobile infantry of an unknown size

DTG
c. ? = A hostile tank squadron equipped with unknown
equipment.
?

DTG ?
d. = The suspected location of an armoured
reconnaissance squadron of an unknown force, and
? unidentified.

66
 UNCLASSIFIED
PROBLEM #12

Draw the following symbols with the proper indications.

a. Unconfirmed information, of a planned, exact location, of the friendly 74th platoon

of military ordinance.

b. Possible location, of a NBC reconnaissance section, of a hostile force.

c. The 4th anti-tank platoon, with a detached element, equipped with TOW missiles
and belonging to a neutral force.

d. The future location of the 7th bridging battalion, from 93rd engineer regiment with
an unknown type of equipment and belonging to a friendly force.

e. Suspected friendly unidentified air defence battery equipped with ADATS.

67
 UNCLASSIFIED
SOLUTION #13
DTG ?
a. Unconfirmed information, of a planned, exact
location of the friendly 74th platoon of military ordinance. 74

DTG
?
b. Possible location of a NBC reconnaissance section
of a hostile force.
?

c. The 4th anti-tank platoon, with a DTG (-)

detached element, equipped with TOW missiles TOW
and belonging to a neutral force. 4

DTG
d. The future location of the 7th bridging ?
battalion from 93rd engineer regiment with an 7 93
unknown type of equipment and belong to a
friendly force.

DTG ?
e. Suspected friendly unidentified air defence adadats
ADATS
battery equipped with ADATS. ?

68
 UNCLASSIFIED
SPECIAL FORCES
Each of the next symbols represents the principal role for a Special Operation Force.

a. A Special Operation Forces unit SOF

SOF
b. Aviation Special Operation Forces fixed wing

SOF
c. Navy Special Operation Forces

SOF
d. Helicopter unit belonging to a Special Operation Forces

R
e. Ranger unit

SOF
f. Reconnaissance Special Operation Forces

69
 UNCLASSIFIED
LINES
With the exception of boundary lines used to separate units. There are three
other lines that are mainly used.

a. Forward Edge of Battle Area (FEBA)

b. Forward Line of Own Troops (FLOT)

c. Report or Phase lines

FEBA lines indicate the approximate lines of Hostile forces. The FEBA of a
hostile force is written in red. The friendly FLOT is drawn in blue.

HOSTILE
= Forward Edge of Battle Area (FEBA)
a.

FRIEND

b. = Forward Line of Own Troops (FLOT)

A FLOT or FEBA line is also used to designate a beachhead. A beachhead is a

land breakthrough from a beach or from a river:

RIV
Toward
Hostile

70
 UNCLASSIFIED

Phase lines, Report lines, are lines used for control and co-ordination of military
operations, usually a terrain feature extending across the zone of action. Units normally
report crossing Phase Lines, but do not halt unless specifically directed. Report lines
are drawn in BLACK crossing the battlefield. To its extremity code words are written to
identify each report line. The report line is draw like this:

LION

a. = "LION" code word for this report line

LION

71
 UNCLASSIFIED
BOUNDARIES
Units operate in specified corridors. To illustrate this, separation lines are used
with unit size and unique designations. Example:

7 = Hostile boundary between the 7th and

XX the 8th division

8
1 R22R = Boundary between 1st and 3rd battalion
3 R22R of the Royal 22 Regiment

When two units of different size share a boundary, the size indicator of the largest
unit is used. The smaller unit will be indicated with the proper abbreviation, as shown in
example:

4
X = Boundary between the 4th brigade
32 BN and the 32nd battalion

3
B COY = Boundary between the 3rd battalion
and B company

6 (UK) 2 (US) =Boundary between the 6th British

corps and the American 2nd corps.

NOTE: International designations are written with the abbreviation of the proper
country in bracket.

72
 UNCLASSIFIED

Size indicator are written from the smaller to the larger, the interior to the exterior
as is shown in this drawing:

1 1 BN 1 2
1 2
7 1 BDE
3 3

1 2 2 BDE 10

1 2

3 3
7 4 4 10

1 (US)

6 (UK)

a. The 4th division is part of the 1st American corps itself supported in the rear by
the 6th British corps.

b. The 4th division is located in the Centre flanked by the 7th division to the left and
the10th division to the right.

c. Inside the 4th division we find the 1st brigade on the left flank, the 2nd brigade on
the right flank and the 3rd brigade to the rear.

d. Inside the 2nd brigade we find 1st battalion on the left flank, 2nd battalion on the
right flank and 3rd battalion in the rear.

73
 UNCLASSIFIED
PROBLEM #13

Explain the following symbols.

a.
A
I
C

b.

2
XXXX
4 CORPS

c.
41
II
?

74
 UNCLASSIFIED
PROBLEM #14

Indicate correctly on the boundaries the unique unit designation with their proper size
indicator:

a. The 9th corps is located on the left flank, the 10th in the centre, the 11th on
the right flank and the 12th corps to the rear.

b. The 6th division on the right flank, the 7th division on the left flank and 8th
division to the rear (part of the 10th corps).

c. The 3rd brigade is on the left flank, 4th brigade is on the right flank and a
5th brigade is to the rear (part of the 7th division).

75
 UNCLASSIFIED
SOLUTION #13

A Boundary Between Friendly A and C

I Companies
C

2
XXXX Boundary Between Friendly 2nd Army And
The 4th Corps
4 CORPS

41
Boundary Between The Hostile 41st
II Battalion and an Unknown Battalion
?

SOLUTION #14

7 3 BDE 3 4
3 4
9 7 DIV
5 5
7 6 6 DIV 11

7 6

8 8
9 10 10 11
10

12
76
 UNCLASSIFIED
DEFENSIVE POSITIONS
When a boundary cannot be established, the zone can be marked by a defensive
position symbol. The defensive position is an oval form drawn around the grid co-
ordination (the size of the oval is determined by the size of the unit holding the position)
a gap is made in the oval to place the size indicator.

NOTE: The size indicator is located at opposite side of the Hostile forces. The indicator
is written in black and the oval takes the proper colour of affiliation.

Example:

a. Toward the Hostile

DTG
= A defensive position held by a company

Toward friendly forces

DTG
b. = A defensive position held by a platoon.

The dash line rule can be applied to a defensive position to indicate an alternate
or planned position.

DTG
a. = An alternate or planned defensive position of
a battalion.

77
 UNCLASSIFIED

Strong Point – A defensive position, usually strongly fortified and heavily armed
with automatic weapons around which other positions are grouped for its protection.

DTG
a. = A strong point held by a platoon

A unique unit indicator can be written in the middle of the symbol. In this manner,
simplicity on the map is kept.

DTG
a. B = Strong point occupied by B company

b. DTG = Defensive position held by 3rd battalion of the

3R22R Royal 22nd regiment

78
 UNCLASSIFIED
When precision is required, a complete conventional symbol can be inserted
inside the position. This method is used when different speciality units are located
around the position.

Example:

DTG
a. = The defensive position held by the 3rd
infantry platoon of A company
3 A

DTG
b. = The defensive position held by C
squadron.
C

79
 UNCLASSIFIED
PROBLEM #15

Describe the following symbols.

a.
DTG =____________________________________

A 2RCR

b. DTG =____________________________________
2

DTG
c. =____________________________________
3 PPCLI

DTG
d. =____________________________________

80
 UNCLASSIFIED
SOLUTION #15

DTG
a. = Friendly Defensive Position Held By A
Company of 2 RCR
A 2RCR

DTG
b. 2 = Hostile Strong Point Occupied by 2
Platoon

DTG
c. 3 PPCLI = Friendly Defensive Position Held by 3rd
PPCLI Battalion

DTG
= Hostile Planned Defensive Position To
be Held y D Battery.
D

81
 UNCLASSIFIED
OBSTACLES
NOTE
All types of obstacles (minefield, improvised obstacles etc) are draw in GREEN
with the interior in BLACK regardless of their affiliation

Three types of obstacles exist:

a. Belt obstacles;
b. Linear obstacles; and
c. Zone obstacles.

A. Roadblocks, Craters and Blown Bridges

A barrier or obstacle (usually covered by fire) used to block or limit the section of
the road.

a. = Planned destruction

b. = Prepared for destruction Safe state

c. = Prepared and Armed for destruction

d. = Destruction Completed

82
 UNCLASSIFIED

These symbols are located directly on the obstacle’s grid co-ordinates but when
space is not available, a mast can be used.

Information around the symbols are shown in the same manner as other
conventional symbols e.g., DTG on the top left corner, designation on bottom left corner,
and supplementary information in the free text area on the middle right of the symbol.

DTG
By E51A
218A

Can also be found on the road to represent roadblocks or barricades.

DTG
a. = Planned barricades

DTG
b. =A finished barricade but passable

DTG
c. = A completed barricade

83
 UNCLASSIFIED
PROBLEM #16

Using the appropriate colours, draw the conventional symbols corresponding to

the following descriptions.

a. A prepared and armed obstacle

logged on #K88 at 1545Z on June 6th
with indication of no destruction prior
to 072300Z

b. A Hostile planned destruction #401

in reserve, marked on 061300Z

c. An obstacle destroyed on June 6th at 1400Z

DTG
d. =_______________________________

84
 UNCLASSIFIED
SOLUTION #16

a. A prepared and armed obstacle

061545Z
Not before
logged on #K88 at 1545Z on June 6th
with indication of no destruction prior 072300Z
K88
to 072300Z

b. An Hostile planned destruction #401 061300B

in reserve, marked on 061300Z RES
#401

c. An obstacle destroyed on June 6th at 1400Z

061400Z

DTG
d. = Completed Barricade but Passable.

85
 UNCLASSIFIED
B. Linear obstacles

Linear obstacles can take the form of a minefield, booby trap lines, barbed wire
etc. Their length and depth should respect the scale of the map and their size on the
ground. When space is not available a mast will be used to indicate the exact location
of the obstacle.

1. A minefield can take a linear or area form. A minefield would be traced around
the grid co-ordinates in green with the type of mine inside in black.

a. =Unspecified type of mine

b. =Anti-personnel mines

c. =Anti-tank mines

d. =Antitank Mine with Anti-handling device

e. =Antitank Mine (Arrow Shows Effects)

``Claymore Mine``

f. = Mine Cluster

86
 UNCLASSIFIED

When a minefield is composed of a variety of mines they should all be

represented in the frame symbol.

It is also possible to have a minefield composed of scatterable mines. Aircraft or

artillery lays these. The letter “S” is used to indicate a scatterable minefield.

A mined area can be indicated by a green frame with gaps to put the letter “M”.

M
M

87
 UNCLASSIFIED
An unexploded ordnance area is an area containing explosive ordnance which
has been fused or armed and remains unexploded and constitutes a hazard to
operations.
UXO

UXO UXO

UXO

A single green line indicates a belt or line of mines with the corresponding type of
mines on it.

When a report of a minefield is unconfirmed, you must, like any other symbol, put
a question mark “?” on the top right corner.

Indicate a future location for a planned minefield by using dash lines.

88
 UNCLASSIFIED

A breach through a minefield is indicated by the symbol of a bridge crossing

through the minefield.

89
 UNCLASSIFIED
PROBLEM #17

Describe the following symbols.

a. DTG =_______________________________

b. DTG =_______________________________

DTG
c. =_______________________________

DTG M ?
d.
M M =_______________________________

S
M
DTG
e. =_______________________________
M M

90
 UNCLASSIFIED
SOLUTION #17

a. DTG = Anti-Personnel Mines With Anti-

Handling Device

b. DTG = A Line of Antitank Directional Mines

DTG
c. = Unspecified Type of Minefield

DTG M ?
d. M M = Probable Mined Area with Anti-Tank
Mines
M

S
DTG M
e. =Mined Area with Scatterable Anti-
M M Personnel Mines

91
 UNCLASSIFIED
Other lines of obstacles can be composed of natural elements (tree, ditch etc) or
man made (barbed wire, concrete wall etc). Like the minefield symbols, these are
drawn to scale in green.

DTG
a. = Abatis is a vehicular obstacle constructed by
felling trees.

DTG
b. = Booby trap

DTG
c. = Anti-tank obstacle, non-explosive

DTG
d. = Trip wire

DTG
e. = Planned Single Fence

92
 UNCLASSIFIED

DTG
f. = Completed Single Fence

DTG
g. = Anti-tank ditch under construction

DTG
h. = Completed anti-tank ditch

DTG
i. = Unspecified linear obstacles.

93
 UNCLASSIFIED
PROBLEM #18

Illustrate correctly the following linear obstacles.

a. A line of dragon teeth

b. Completed single fence

c. An Hostile line of trip wire

d. Trees cut with a booby trap

e. Hostile anti-tank ditches in preparation

f. Unspecified line of obstacle

94
 UNCLASSIFIED
SOLUTION#18
DTG
a. A Line of Dragon Teeth

DTG
b. Completed Single Fence

DTG
c. A Hostile Line of Trip Wire

DTG
d. Trees Cut With A Booby Trap

DTG
e. Hostile Anti-Tank Ditches in Preparation

DTG
f. Unspecified Line of Obstacle

95
 UNCLASSIFIED
C. Area Obstacles

Area obstacles are pieces of ground that must be taken into consideration
because of natural characteristics or from human intervention. Natural obstacles are
mountains, swamps or flooded areas. Artificial obstacles could include a NBC
contaminated area or crater made by artillery.

NOTE: NBC event will be shown latter in the program.

The way to illustrate an area obstacle is by tracing a green line around the
designated area with a description inside the area to indicate the type of obstacle. It’s
important to mention the DTG to indicate when the obstacle appeared.

DTG
a. FLOOD = A flooded area

DTG
b. SMOKE = An area obstructed by smoke

An area bombarded by artillery is a temporary obstacle, it is not draw in green but

with the colour of affiliation of who fired it. The area is then draw in red, or blue with
hash lines of the same colour inside the area.

DTG
a. = An area bombarded by Hostile artillery

96
 UNCLASSIFIED
Symbols also exist for describing areas impassable for vehicles. The symbol is
draw to the exact location or with a mast when space is not available. The frame is in
green with information written inside in black.

DTG
a. = Impassable area for infantry

DTG
b. = Impassable area for wheeled vehicle

DTG
c. = Impassable area for tracked vehicle

Some combinations can be made as well

DTG
a. = Impassable area for both tracked and wheeled
vehicle.

97
 UNCLASSIFIED
PROBLEM #19

Describe the following symbols

060730Z
a. =____________________________________
SMOKE

060940Z

b. =____________________________________

060880Z

c. =____________________________________

060200Z
d. =____________________________________
FLOOD

062315Z
e. 155mm =____________________________________

98
 UNCLASSIFIED
SOLUTION #19

060730Z
a. SMOKE = Obstructed Area by Smoke Since 060730z

060940Z

b. = Impassable Area for Wheeled Vehicles Since

060940Z

060880Z

c. = Impassable Area for Both Tracked and

Wheeled Vehicle Since 060830Z

060200Z
d. FLOOD = Flooded Area Since 060200Z

062315Z
e. 155mm = Bombarded Hostile Company Defensive
Position by Friendly 155mm Artillery at
062315Z

99
 UNCLASSIFIED
PROBLEM #20

Draw the conventional symbols accordingly to the following statements.

a. Bridge #Y-34 destroyed by Hostiles at 061220Z

b. Anti-tank non-explosive obstacle

c. Line of anti-tank mines

d. Impassable area for tracked vehicles since 061900Z

e. Unspecified mine area laid by the Hostiles

f. Minefield composed of unspecified mines and anti-personnel mines

g. Completed anti-tank ditch since 060540Z June

100
 UNCLASSIFIED
h. Bridge destruction set on armed

i. Line of trip wire

j. Area bombarded by Hostile 122mm artillery started at 060400Z June

k. Area mined with cluster mines

l. Line of single fence

m. Minefield composed of anti-tank and anti-personnel mines

101
 UNCLASSIFIED
SOLUTION #20 061220Z

a. Bridge #Y-34 Destroyed by the Hostiles at 061220Z Y-34

b. Anti-Tank Non-Explosive Obstacle DTG

DTG
c. Line of Anti-Tank Mines

061900Z

d. Impassable Area for Tracked Vehicle Since 061900Z

DTG M

M M
e. Unspecified Mine Area Laid by Hostiles

DTG
f. Minefield Composed of Unspecified Mines
and Anti-Personnel Mines

060540Z
g. Completed Anti-Tank Ditch Since 060540Z B

102
 DTG
UNCLASSIFIED
h. Bridge Destruction Set on Armed

DTG
i. Line of Trip Wire

060400Z JUN
j. Area Bombarded by Hostile 122m Artillery 122mm
Started at 060400Z June

DTG M

M M
k. Area Mined with Cluster Mines
M

DTG
l. Line of Single Fence

DTG
m. Minefield Composed of Anti-Tank and
Anti-Personnel Mines

103
 UNCLASSIFIED
FORTIFICATIONS
Fortifications like strong points have comprehensive sets of improvements in a
normal defensive area.

As fortifications are occupied military positions, they are illustrated with the colour
of affiliation rather than green.

The symbols for fortification are the following.

DTG
a. = Earthwork, small trench or fortification (line
points to exact location)

DTG
b. = Surface fortification

DTG
c. = Underground fortification or bunker

d. DTG = Fortified line (composed of different defensive

positions, bunkers, strong points etc).

104
 UNCLASSIFIED
ARTILLERY FIRE PLANNING
A fire plan has to be very accurate. Simple to draw, these symbols indicate a
planned target for artillery fire. These symbols use the colours of affiliation, Hostile or
friendly. Even though these symbols represent planned events, they are not drawn with
dashed lines.

DTG
a. = Artillery fire concentration point

DTG
b. = Linear fire concentration fire

DTG

c. = Nuclear target

NOTE: The nuclear target symbol could be used to designate a chemical or

biological attack as well. For these cases, the specific type of weapon used should be
indicating to the right of the symbol.

105
 UNCLASSIFIED
The associated DTG to these symbols indicate the hour and duration of the fire.
The DTG is composed of two times with the prefix “from” and “to” to indicate the duration
of fire. The other information fields if known is the following.

FROM - # of targets
DTG - priority
TO DTG - calibre

- target description

For linear fire, the DTG is located below the symbol and the amplifying
information above the symbol.

- # of targets
- priority
- calibre
- descrip.

from DTG
to DTG

106
 UNCLASSIFIED
ARCS OF FIRE
Arcs of fire are associated with their respective weapons. They indicate the
range and direction of fire of a particular weapon. This is illustrated by a dashed line out
to their maximum range or to an obstacle.

DTG
a. = Light mortar arc of fire

DTG
b. = Anti-tank missile arc of fire

An arc of fire symbol could be mixed with a dug-in symbol.

a. = A dug-in light machine-gun with an arc of fire

DTG

107
 UNCLASSIFIED
MOVEMENTS
Route marking follows the actual line of movement and may be a solid or broken
line depending on the event. Arrows show the direction of movement and should be
repeated as often as necessary for clarity. If movement is in both directions, no arrows
should be shown.

Name
a. = A route used once or of a unique direction

Name
b. = A route used in alternate directions
ALT

c. = A route with delaying action (double bars

indicate that delaying action will be undertaken
but not necessarily the location of these
actions)

d. = A unit axis of advance (unit symbol is located

behind the arrow)

e. = A route of a ferry

f. = A reconnaissance screen

NOTE: Dashed lines could be used for these symbols if they are planned routes.

108
 UNCLASSIFIED
For aviation flight direction, the aircraft symbols have to be added to the itinerary
symbol. When an itinerary becomes a regular one, the aviation symbol is enough like
these examples:

a. = A flight direction made by helicopters

b. = A flight direction made by general

aviation

109
 UNCLASSIFIED
POINTS
Points linked with itinerary are used to inform post control on a road. Number or
designation of the point is written in the free text area.

DTG SP
a. = A start point

DTG RP
b. = A release point

c. DTG # = A check point or control point

d. DTG = A co-ordination point

e. DTG # = A contact point

NOTE: Co-ordination points indicate a meeting area between two units in the field.
These points are located normally at an intersection of report lines. Co-ordination points
are not therefore used on itinerary.

110
 UNCLASSIFIED
PROBLEM #21

Describe the following symbols

DTG 501
a. =____________________________________

b. =____________________________________

c. 061430Z =____________________________________

3R22R

DTG
d. =____________________________________

DTG
e. =____________________________________
D
D

060700Z
f. =____________________________________
222

DTG SP DTG RP
g. =____________________________________

111
 UNCLASSIFIED

SOLUTION #21

DTG 501
a. = A Friendly Control Point #501

b. = Hostile Reconnaissance

c. 061430Z =3R22R Planned Axis of Advance 061430Z

3R22R

d. DTG = Hostile Flight Itinerary Fixed Wing

G

e. DTG = Friendly D Coy Planned Road Move from

D their Defensive Position to an Alternate
D Defensive Position with Delaying Actions

060700Z
f. = Friendly Co-ordination Point #222 at 060700Z
222

DTG SP DTG RP
g. = Start Point and Release Point on a Friendly
Itinerary.

112
 UNCLASSIFIED

OBJECTIVES
The Military objectives are simply drawn with an oval form around the targeted
area with the abbreviation “OBJ” inside. The colour of the attacker is use.

DTG
a. = 1st RCR objective on a Coy defensive
OBJ position.
1RCR

DTG

b. C COY OBJ = C coy objective on a line of hostile bunkers.

113
 UNCLASSIFIED

NBC EVENTS
For either an NBC attack or an area contaminated by an NBC agent, the colour
used is YELLOW. Information around the symbol remains in BLACK.
DTG

a. = A nuclear attack

DTG
b. = A biological event
B

DTG

c. = A chemical event
C

DTG
d. = An unspecified NBC event
NBC

Dash lines are used when an NBC event is planned.

DTG
a. = A planned nuclear attack

DTG
b. = A planned chemical event
C

114
 UNCLASSIFIED

Important information required when using these symbols are:

a. The power of the explosion or of the agent;

b. Wind speed and direction; and

c. Means of delivery.

The information should appear as below.

power 5Mt

a. DTG 060530Z
Free text Black Jack

Means of
delivery ALCM
Speed and wind
direction
10kt

NBC contaminated areas are drawn with a group of circles where they indicate
the concentration of the agent. A gap is made in the circle to indicate the degree of
contamination or to write the MINIMUM SAFE DISTANCE indicator. Example:

A. DTG
WIND = A radioactive contaminated
100cGy
area indicating the radiation level
50cGy 30kt in centigray.
25cGy

115
 UNCLASSIFIED
DTG 3
2
b. 1 = An area of nuclear impact showing the
minimum safe distance by the level 1, 2
and 3

c. DTG = A chemical contaminated area without

c indication of the concentration.

NOTE: Because of the complexity of this type of warfare, NBC specialists rather than
Intelligence report concentration and radioactivity indications. For example, centigray is
an international measurement for radioactivity. The abbreviation is cGy.

116
 UNCLASSIFIED

PROBLEM #22

Describe the following symbols.

060800Z
a. =____________________________________
B

060955Z
b. =____________________________________
B

060640Z
100cGy
c. 50cGy =____________________________________
25cGy

2Mt
061607Z

d. =____________________________________
ICBM
20k
t

061220Z
e. =____________________________________

NBC

117
 UNCLASSIFIED

SOLUTION #22

060800Z
a. = A Planed Biological Event for 060800Z
B

060955Z
b. = A Biological Contaminated Area Since
B 060955Z

060640Z
c. 100cGy = A Radioactive Area 060640Z with a
50cGy Concentration Of 25 cGy to 100 cGy
25cGy

2Mt
061607Z
d. = A 2Mt Nuclear Attack Delivered By ICBM.
Wind Direction Is Southeast at 20 Knots, at
061607Z
ICBM
20k
t

061220Z
e. = Unspecified NBC Event at 061220Z
NBC

118
 UNCLASSIFIED

COUNTER-INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES
In each conflict or military operation, counter-intelligence (CI) activities can
happen in the area of responsibility. These events can range from civil unrest to
sabotage against military facilities. It’s important to take note of these activities and be
able to analyse the situation in detail.

CI activities are illustrated by the unit symbol that produces the event, e.g.
friendly, hostile etc. Dashed lines are used when these events are suspected or
planned.

.DTG
.FREE TEXT
Event
. EQUIPMENT/WEAPONS . LOG NUMBER
Indicator

Unspecified Counter-Intelligence
activity.
CI

Planned or suspected
Counter-Intelligence activity.
CI

119
 UNCLASSIFIED

The principal counter-intelligence activity symbols are.

Assassination/Murder/
Attempted Murder Execution

Explosion/Bomb BOMB Poisoning

Unknown

Barricade / road block Incendiary/Fire

(completed) Unknown Origins FIRE

W
Barricade / road block Recruiting activity
(in construction) (Willing)

Civil unrest MASS Arrest

Pillage
Spying activities SPY

S
Sniping activity
Ammunition cache

120
 UNCLASSIFIED

Propaganda/ Special Operation

Psychological warfare Forces activities SOF
(unspecified)

Ambush Drug or illegal

substance

Hijacking H Booby trap

(by vehicle)

CI
Surveillance activities Patrolling P

Refugees Fortified location,

point or resistance

Electronic warfare Extortion activities

activities (sigint,
jamming, intercept)
E W $

Some activities do not have standard symbols, therefore you could create a new
symbol and indicate its significance in the legend.

121
 UNCLASSIFIED

OPERATIONAL MANOEUVRE ORDERS

Manoeuvre symbol help to indicate the orientation of a unit or a commander’s
intention of hostile or friendly force.

Block Breach

Bypass Canalize

Cleared a zone Contain EN

Counter-attack with CATK

Counter-attack CATK fire support

Destroy Neutralised

Fix Interdiction

Follow and support Follow and Assume

Isolate Disrupt

Occupy a zone Penetrate

122
 UNCLASSIFIED

Secure a zone Contain the Hostile

Security (cover) C C Seize

Security (screen) S S Security (guard) G G

123
 UNCLASSIFIED

PROBLEM #23

Identify the following symbols.

DTG
S
a. = ____________________________________

DTG
b. = ____________________________________

c. = ____________________________________

DTG
d. = ____________________________________

DTG

e. = ____________________________________

f. = ____________________________________

124
 UNCLASSIFIED

SOLUTION #23

DTG
S
a. = Sniping Activities from an Unknown Force

DTG

b. = Completed Hostile Road Block

c. = Breach

DTG
d. = Neutral Refugees

DTG
e. = Assassination Made By Hostiles

f. = Secure A Zone

125