Examples

I will be a teacher.
He’ll travel around the world.
You won’t have any problems.

Remember!

We can use ‘will’ or ‘’ll’ to talk about the future and make future
predictions. For the negative, we can say ‘will not’ or ‘won’t’.
I’ll live in a big house when I’m older.
She will have lots of pets.
Children won’t go to school in the future.
We will not drive normal cars.

Be careful!
The main verb is without ‘to’.
My friend will be a vet to help animals.
I won’t forget my friends when I grow up.
We say... We don’t say...
People will drive flying cars in the future.
(NOT People will to drive flying cars in the future.)
I won’t live at home when I go to university.
(NOT I willn’t live at home when I go to university.)
My father won’t be happy when he sees this broken window!
(NOT My father won’t to be happy when he sees this broken window!)

1
Examples
This is my friend Liz.
That is my friend Daniel playing in the garden.
These are my friends Liz and Sarah.
Those are my friends Daniel and Nick playing in the garden.

Remember!
You need to add 'is' after this or that in the present.
This is my friend Liz.
That is my friend Daniel playing in the garden.
Be careful!

For more than one person you use 'are' in the present.
These are my friends Liz and Sarah.
Those are my friends Daniel and Nick playing in the garden.
We say... We don’t say...
That is my best friend over there. (NOT This is my best friend over
there.)
These are my friends Liz and Sarah. (NOT This are my friends Liz and
Sarah.)

2
Grammar Rule

Examples
I am from France. I speak French.
They aren’t here. They are on holiday.
We are hungry. We didn’t eat lunch.
Remember!
He is from France. He speaks French.
She isn’t here. She is on holiday.
It is freezing. It is winter in England.
Be careful!
We use 'it' for:
The weather
It is cold.
Animals
It is a brown dog.
The time
It is 5 o’clock.
We say... We don’t say...
I speak French. (NOT Speak French.)
She is on holiday. (NOT Her is on holiday.)
It is cold. (NOT Is cold.)

3
Grammar Rule

Examples
I play tennis every Sunday.
I’m playing hockey now.
She eats fruit every day.
She’s eating an apple now.
Remember!
We use the present simple to talk about routines – what you do every
day or every week. We use the present continuous to talk about things
you are doing now.
I watch cartoons every day.
I’m watching a film now.
Be careful!
For the present simple, add ‘s’ or ‘es’ for he/she/it. Make the negative
with ‘don’t’ or ‘doesn’t’. For the present continuous, use the verb ‘to
be’ and ‘-ing’. Add ‘not’ to make the negative.
My dad makes dinner every evening. He doesn’t make lunch.
We are studying English now. We aren’t studying maths.
We say... We don’t say...
I wake up every morning at 7:00.
(NOT I am waking up every morning at 7:00.)
She is talking on the phone now.
(NOT She talks on the phone now.)
They aren’t reading a book now.
(NOT They don’t reading a book now.)

4
Grammar Rule

Examples
I am big. I am 10 years old!
They are Egyptian. They are from Egypt.
Remember!
I am big. = I'm big.
You are my friend. = You're my friend.
My mum is a doctor. = My mum's a doctor.
We are doctors. = We're doctors.
They are Egyptian. = They’re Egyptian.

Be careful!
For negatives add ‘not’. The negative of 'I am' is 'I'm not' or 'I am not'.
I’m not 9 years old!
I am not 9 years old!
They’re not English.
They aren't English.
They are not English.
She is not a teacher.
She’s not a teacher.
She isn't a teacher.
We say... We don’t say...
I'm not 9 years old. (NOT I amn't 9 years old.)
Are you 9 years old? (NOT You are 9 years old?)
Are they English? (NOT They are English?)
Is she a teacher? (NOT She is a teacher?)
(If you want to show surprise you can say Pronoun + be +? as a
question, e.g. You're 9?)

5
Grammar Rule

Examples
I have been to Indonesia.
She hasn’t eaten sushi.
Have you seen Big Ben?
Remember!
We can use the present perfect to talk about experiences in our life. We
often use ‘never’ for negatives and ‘ever’ in questions.
My brother has met his favourite singer.
I have never seen an alien!
Have you ever climbed the Eiffel Tower?
Be careful!
If you say when your experience was, we use the past simple. If you ask
for extra information about someone’s experience, we also use the past
simple.
I’ve been to India. I went there two years ago.
Did you like it? Yes, it was very interesting!
We say... We don’t say...
My grandma has visited many countries.
(NOT My grandma visits many countries.)
We have never tried pizza with chocolate.
(NOT We never tried pizza with chocolate.)
Have you ever given your teacher a present?
(NOT Have you ever gave your teacher a present?)

6
Grammar Rule

Examples
I’m visiting my friend tomorrow.
They are coming to our house on Saturday.
What are you doing tonight?
Remember!
We can use the present continuous to talk about arrangements (plans
which you have organised) in the future.
My brother is playing football with his friends tonight.
I’m going to the cinema at the weekend.
Are you having a party for your birthday?
Be careful!
We usually use the present continuous when the activity has been
arranged.
We usually use ‘going to’ for a plan which hasn’t been arranged.
I’m meeting Emma after school. (I have talked to her and organised the
time to meet.)
I’m going to watch TV after school. (This is my plan but I haven’t
organised it.)
We say... We don’t say...
My grandma is visiting us next week. (NOT My grandma visits us next
week.)
We’re going to Spain for our next holiday. (NOT We go to Spain for
our next holiday.)
Is he helping his mum tomorrow? (NOT Is he tomorrow helping his
mum?)

7
Grammar Rule

Examples
I was born in April.
He goes to the park on Saturdays.
She wakes up at 7:00.
Remember!
We use 'in' for months and years, 'on' for days and dates, and 'at' for
times.
in January / July / 2014
on Monday / Friday / May 1st
at 11:30 / 4 o’clock / half past two
Be careful!
We can use ‘on’ for special days and ‘at’ for special times too.
on my birthday / New Year’s Day / the last day of school
at midnight / bedtime / dinner time
We say... We don’t say...
I had lots of fun on my birthday. (NOT I had lots of fun in my birthday.)
We don’t watch TV at dinner time. (NOT We don’t watch TV on dinner
time.)

8
Grammar Rule

Examples
My dad is in the kitchen.
The dog is on the sofa.
The toys aren’t under the table.
Remember!
We use prepositions of place to say where things are.
Where’s the cat? It’s hiding behind the chair.
I don’t like sitting next to my brother in the car.
Have you got any apples? Yes, they’re in the fridge between the grapes
and the oranges.

Be careful!
If you are in something, you are inside. If you are in front of
something, you are outside it (the opposite of behind).
Ben is in his house. I can’t see him.
Look, Ben is in front of his house. I can see him!
We say... We don’t say...
The book is on the table. (NOT The book is in the table.)
My school is between a park and a cafe. (NOT My school is between a
park.)

9
Grammar Rule

Examples
I have a pen. My pen is red.
We have a car. Our car is fast.
She has a cat. Her cat is nice.
Remember!
I = my
he = his
you = your
she = her
we = our
it = its
Be careful!
The possessive adjective goes before the noun or before the noun and
adjective.

I lost my pen.
She played football with her brother.
We met our new teacher.
We say... We don’t say...
I did my homework. (NOT I did the homework.)
She visited her grandma. (NOT She visited she grandma.)
My dog sleeps in its basket. (NOT My dog sleeps in it’s basket.)

10
Examples
I was at my Gran's house yesterday.
You were late for school this morning.
She was with her friends last Saturday.
We were tired yesterday.
Remember!
I was
you were
She was
He was
It was
We were
They were
Be careful!
For negatives add 'n't' or ‘not’.
I wasn’t late for school this morning.
I was not late for school this morning.
She wasn’t with her friends last Saturday.
She was not with her friends last Saturday.
We weren’t tired yesterday.
We were not tired yesterday.
We say... We don’t say...
Were you late for school today? Yes, I was. (NOT You were late for
school today? Yes I was.)
Was she with her friends last Saturday? No, she wasn’t. (NOT She was
with her friends last Saturday? No, she wasn’t.)
Was he tired yesterday? Yes, he was. (NOT He was tired yesterday?
Yes, he was.)
(For a normal question we use was + pronoun. To show surprise you
can use pronoun + was.)

11
Grammar Rule

Examples
I played football.
We ate lots of cake!
She didn’t watch a film.
Remember!
For regular verbs, we add -ed.
For irregular verbs, there is a special past tense form.
regular verbs:
play – played, watch – watched, want – wanted
irregular verbs: eat – ate, write – wrote, go – went
Be careful!
When we use the negative, we don’t change the main verb. We use
‘didn’t’ instead.
I didn’t watch TV.
I didn’t go to school.
We say... We don’t say...
I had fun! (NOT I haved fun!)
He didn’t play tennis. (NOT He didn’t played tennis.)
They went to France. (NOT They wented to France.)

12
Examples
Did you have fun with your friends?
Where did you go for your last holiday?
What did you watch on TV last night?
Remember!
Use ‘did’ and the verb, but don’t change the verb to the past form!
Did you have a nice weekend?
What did you learn at school yesterday?
When did you see the film?
Be careful!
We usually add time words at the end.
Did you play a game yesterday?
What did you have for dinner last night?
Did you visit LearnEnglish Kids last week?
We say... We don’t say...
Did you finish your homework? (NOT Did you finished your
homework?)
When did you start learning English? (NOT When you started learning
English?)
Did your friend call you yesterday? (NOT Your friend did call you
yesterday?)

13
Examples
I’ve got some books.
There isn’t any cheese.
Can you see any apples?
Remember!
Use ‘some’ with plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns. Use
‘any’ for negatives or questions with countable and uncountable nouns.
I’ve got some bananas and some honey.
I haven’t got any oranges or any milk.
Have you got any pears or any juice?
Be careful!
We use ‘a’ or ‘an’ with singular countable nouns. We put ‘s’ on plural
countable nouns. We don’t use ‘a’ or put ‘s’ on uncountable nouns.
I can see a cat.
There are some dogs.
I haven’t got any chocolate.
We say... We don’t say...
There are some toys on the bed. (NOT There are any toys on the bed.)
She hasn’t got any time. (NOT She hasn’t got some time.)
There isn’t any cheese. (NOT There isn’t any cheeses.)

14
Grammar Rule

Examples
I’ve got many games.
There isn’t much time.
Do you get much homework?
Remember!
Use ‘many’ for things we can count. Use ‘much’ for things we can’t
count.
How many computers / games / sweets are there?
How much time / money / homework have you got?
Be careful!
In questions and negative sentences we use ‘much’, but we usually use
‘a lot of’ in positive sentences.
Have you got much water?
I haven’t got much water.
I’ve got a lot of water.
We say... We don’t say...
I’ve got many toys. (NOT I’ve got much toys.)
There isn’t much chocolate. (NOT There isn’t many chocolate.)
He’s got a lot of homework. (NOT He’s got much homework.)

15
Examples
I must do my homework.
You mustn’t be late for class.
We must wear our school uniform.
Remember!
We can use ‘must’ to talk about rules. For the negative, we can say
‘must not’ or ‘mustn’t’.
Parents must take care of their children.
You mustn’t shout in the library.
She must not forget her books.
Be careful!
The main verb is without ‘to’.
He must be careful when cutting food.
I mustn’t make a mess.
We say... We don’t say...
You must look both ways when crossing the road. (NOT You must to
look both ways when crossing the road.)
We mustn’t run in school. (NOT We mustn’t to run in school.)
Children must respect their parents. (NOT Children must respecting
their parents.)

16
Examples
I could swim when I was four.
I couldn’t ride a bike when I was three.
He could walk when he was two.
Remember!
We use ‘could’ and ‘couldn’t’ to talk about our abilities in the past.
She could play chess when she was seven.
He could read when he was five.
I couldn’t run when I was a baby.
Be careful!
After ‘could’ and ‘couldn’t’ we use the infinitive without ‘to’.
I could make a cake when I was six.
My mum couldn’t swim when she was a child.
I couldn’t speak English before I went to school.
We say... We don’t say...
I could use a tablet when I was three.
(NOT I could to use a tablet when I was three.)

My dad couldn’t ride a bike when he was ten.

17
Examples
I can swim.
They can speak English.
She can ride a bike.
Remember!
You need to add the infinitive after 'can'.
I can swim.
You can run fast.
She can ride a bike.
We can speak English.
They can play the guitar.
Be careful!
For negatives you can add ‘n't’ or 'not'.
I can’t drive a car.
I cannot drive.
Can they speak French? No, they can’t.
Can they speak French? No, they cannot.
We say... We don’t say...
Can you swim? Yes I can.
(NOT You can swim? Yes, I swim.)
Can she ride a bike? Yes she can.
(NOT She can ride a bike? Yes, she ride.)
(You use 'can' at the beginning of a normal question so you say:
Can + pronoun + infinitive?
If you want to show surprise you can say
Pronoun + can + infinitive?)

18
Examples
I like chocolate.
They like the zoo.
We like vegetables.
Remember!
Add an 's' for she, he and it.
She likes apples.
He likes the park.
It likes warm water.
Be careful!
For negatives add ‘don’t’ or ‘doesn’t’.
I don’t like chocolate.
He doesn’t like the zoo.
They don’t like vegetables.
We say... We don’t say...
Do you like bananas? (NOT You like bananas?)
Does he like the beach? (NOT You like the beach?)
Do they like courgettes? (NOT You like courgettes?)
(When asking a normal question we say Do you like + noun? but for
showing surprise you can say You like + noun?)

19
Examples
I like going to the park.
I love playing games.
I don’t mind doing homework.
Remember!
We can use ‘like’, ‘love’, ‘hate’ and ‘don’t mind’ to say how we feel
about an activity.
She loves watching TV.
He hates tidying his room.
They don’t like going to the dentist.
Be careful!
After ‘like’, ‘love’, ‘hate’ and ‘don’t mind’ we usually use the verb with
‘ing’.
I love using the computer.
He doesn’t like shopping.
She doesn't mind reading.
We say... We don’t say...
I like cooking. (NOT I like to cooking.)
She doesn’t like studying. (NOT She doesn’t like for studying.)

20
Examples
I use LearnEnglish Kids to practise English.
He studies to get better marks.
She goes to the gym to be healthy.
Remember!
We can use the infinitive to explain why we do something.
Why are you washing the car?
To help my parents.
Be careful!
Use the infinitive with ‘to’.
I went to the cinema to see the new film.
I play computer games to have fun.
We say... We don’t say...
She went to the park to play with her friends.
(NOT She went to the park play her friends.)
I’m going to Egypt to see the Pyramids.
(NOT I’m going to Egypt for to see the pyramids.)

21
Examples
I have got a brother.
They have got a swimming pool.
He has got a cat.
Remember!
I have got a brother. = I’ve got a brother.
You have got blue eyes! = You've got blue eyes!
He has got a sister. = He's got a sister.
We have got a cat. = We've got a cat.
They have got a swimming pool.= They've got a swimming pool.
Be careful!
For negatives add ‘n't’ or 'not'.
I haven’t got a brother.
I have not got a brother.
They haven’t got a swimming pool.
They have not got a swimming pool.
He hasn’t got a cat.
He has not got a cat.
We say... We don’t say...
Have you got a brother? Yes, I have. (NOT You have got a brother?
Yes, I have got.)
Have they got a swimming pool? No, they haven’t. (NOT They have got
a swimming pool? No, they haven't got.)
Has he got a cat? Yes, he has. (NOT He has got a cat? Yes, he has got.)

22
Examples
I’m going to be a teacher when I’m older.
He’s not going to play football anymore.
Are you going to buy a new T-shirt?
Remember!
We use ‘going to’ to talk about our future plans.
I’m going to write my homework tonight.
They’re going to watch a film this weekend.
Be careful!
You can usually make the negative in two ways.
He isn’t going to ride a bike.
He’s not going to ride a bike.
They aren’t going to visit us.
They’re not going to visit us.
We say... We don’t say...
I’m not going to read that book. (NOT I amn’t going to read that book.)
She’s going to have pizza for dinner. (NOT She’s going to having pizza
for dinner.)

23
Examples
The cat is faster than the mouse, but the cheetah is the fastest.
The dolphin is more intelligent than the dog, but the chimpanzee is the
most intelligent.
Remember!
We use comparatives and superlatives to compare things and to say
which thing is top in a group. Add ‘-er’ and ‘-est’ for one syllable
adjectives. Add ‘-ier’ and ‘-iest’ for two syllable adjectives which end
in ‘y’ (and take away the ‘y’). Use ‘more’ and ‘the most’ with other
two syllable (or more) adjectives.
one syllable: small – smaller – the smallest
two syllables with ‘y’: happy – happier – the happiest
two+ syllables: beautiful – more beautiful – the most beautiful
Be careful!
The adjectives ‘good’, ‘bad’ and ‘far’ have special forms.
good – better – the best
bad – worse – the worst
far – further – the furthest
We say... We don’t say...
Apples are bigger than grapes. (NOT Apples are more bigger than
grapes.)
My father is the tallest in my family. (NOT My father is the most tall in
my family.)
This book is more interesting than my homework. (NOT This book is
interestinger than my homework.)

24
Examples
I saw a lion and an elephant at the zoo.
The lion was scary.
Remember!
We use 'a' before a word that starts with a consonant. We use 'an' before
a word that starts with a vowel.
I saw a lion and an elephant.
Be careful!
First we use ‘a’ or ‘an’. After we use ‘the’.
She had a cheese sandwich and crisps for lunch. She didn’t like the
sandwich.
We stayed in an old hotel. There was a swimming pool in the hotel.
We say... We don’t say...
I went to Japan. (NOT I went to the Japan.)
He played tennis with Ben. (NOT He played tennis with the Ben.)
They had breakfast at 9 o’clock. (NOT They had a breakfast at 9
o'clock.)
(Some words don't have an article. We don't usually use articles for
countries, meals or people.)

25
Examples
I always go to the cinema.
I sometimes watch TV.
I never go to museums.
Remember!
The adverb goes next to the verb.
I usually have cereal for breakfast.
She sometimes plays football.
Be careful!
Use ‘how often’ to ask a question.
How often do you play computer games?
I sometimes play computer games.
We say... We don’t say...
She always writes her homework. (NOT She always write her
homework.)
He sometimes drinks cola. (NOT He drinks sometimes cola.)

26
Examples
I speak English well.
I play tennis badly.
I do my homework correctly.
Remember!
To create adverbs we normally add -ly:
quick - quickly
slow - slowly
Be careful!
'good' is an adjective
'well' is an adverb
This is a good book.
I read well.
We say... We don’t say...
This is a good book. (NOT This is a well book.)
I read well. (NOT I read good.)

27
Examples
We have a small car.
I saw a white bird.
She watched an old film.
Remember!
Adjectives don't have a plural form.
We have two small cars.
I saw five white birds.
She watched some old films.
Be careful!
Size before colour.
We have a small, blue car.
I saw a large, white bird.
We say... We don’t say...
We have a small, blue car. (NOT We have a small and blue car.)
I saw five large, white birds. (NOT I saw five large and white birds.)

28