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Refresh Your Knowledge of Half-Equations by Visiting

1. This document discusses redox reactions and how to write half reactions and overall reactions from redox equations. It provides examples of identifying oxidants and reductants, writing balanced half reactions, and combining half reactions to write the overall balanced redox reaction equation. 2. Key steps include identifying the oxidant and reductant based on changes in oxidation number, balancing the oxidation and reduction half reactions, and combining the half reactions by eliminating electrons and cancelling common species on both sides of the equation. 3. Examples provided include reactions between chromium and bromine, oxygen and antimony, permanganate and various reductants, and chlorine dioxide and hydroxide in an alkaline solution.

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Kennard Kho
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87 views2 pages

Refresh Your Knowledge of Half-Equations by Visiting

1. This document discusses redox reactions and how to write half reactions and overall reactions from redox equations. It provides examples of identifying oxidants and reductants, writing balanced half reactions, and combining half reactions to write the overall balanced redox reaction equation. 2. Key steps include identifying the oxidant and reductant based on changes in oxidation number, balancing the oxidation and reduction half reactions, and combining the half reactions by eliminating electrons and cancelling common species on both sides of the equation. 3. Examples provided include reactions between chromium and bromine, oxygen and antimony, permanganate and various reductants, and chlorine dioxide and hydroxide in an alkaline solution.

Uploaded by

Kennard Kho
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Redox reactions – half equations to overall equations and overall to half

Lesson 4
Refresh your knowledge of half-equations by visiting
www.dynamicscience.com.au/tester/solutions1/chemistry/redox/buildinghalfreactions.htm

Every redox reaction consists of an oxidant and reductant pair that form their respective conjugates.
Every time an oxidising agent gains electrons, it forms an reducing agent that could give electrons if
the reaction were reversed, the same applies to reducing agents.

Write the balanced half reactions for the following overall reactions taking place in an acidic
solution.

1. Cr(OH)3 + Br2 CrO42- + Br-

Step 1 identify oxidant and reductant reactants and their conjugates using oxidation
numbers. An oxidant has its oxidation number reduced while a reductant increases in
oxidation number.
Oxidant Br2 Br- ---- > Br goes from 0 to -1
2-
Reductant Cr(OH)3 CrO4 ----- > Cr goes from +3 to +6
Step 2 Balance each half equation
Oxidant 2e + Br2 2Br-
Reductant H2O + Cr(OH)3 CrO42- + 5H+ + 3e
a. O2 + Sb H2O2 + SbO2-
reduction 2e + O2 + 2H+ => H2O2
oxidation Sb + 2H2O => SbO2- + 4H+ + 3e

b. HCOOH + MnO4- CO2 + Mn2+


oxidation HCOOH => CO2 + 2H+ + 2e
reduction 5e + 8H+ + MnO4- => Mn2+ + 4H2O

c. ClO2- ClO2 + Cl-

oxidation ClO2- => ClO2 + e


reduction 4e + 4H++ ClO2- => Cl- + 2H2O

Write the balanced equation for the following reactions by first writing the oxidation
and reduction half reactions and using these write the overall reaction equation.
NiO2 + H2O + Fe Ni(OH)2 + Fe(OH)2
Step 1 identify oxidant and reductant reactants and their conjugates using oxidation
numbers. Ignore the H2O, H+ and OH- present. An oxidant has its oxidation number reduced
while a reductant increases in oxidation number.
Oxidant NiO2 Ni(OH)2 ---- > Ni goes from +4 to +2
Reductant Fe Fe(OH)2 ----- > Fe goes from 0 to +2
Step 2 Balance each half equation
Oxidant 2e + 2H+ + NiO2 Ni(OH)2
Reductant Fe + 2H2O Fe(OH)2 + 2H+ + 2e
Step 3 Add the two equations by first eliminating the electrons and cancel any H+
oir H2O tha ppears on both sides of the equation.
Fe + 2H2O + NiO2 Fe(OH)2 + Ni(OH)2
a. CO2 + NH2OH CO + N2 + 3 H2O
reduction 2e + 2H+ + CO2 => CO + H2O
oxidation 2NH2OH => N2 + 2H2O + 2H+ + 2e
Overall CO2 + 2NH2OH CO + N2 + 3 H2O

b. H+ + H2O2 + Fe2+ Fe3+ + 2 H2O

reduction 2e + 2H+ + H2O2 => 2H2O


oxidation Fe2+ => Fe3+ + e
Overall 2Fe2+ + 2H+ + H2O2 => 2H2O + 2Fe3+

c. H+ + H2O + MnO4- + SO2 Mn2+ + HSO4-

reduction 5e + 8H++ MnO4- => Mn2+ + 4H2O


oxidation 2H2O + SO2 => HSO4- + 3H+ + 2e
Overall 2H2O + H+ + 2MnO4- +5SO2 => 2Mn2++ 5HSO4-

d. ClO2 + OH- ClO2- + ClO3- + H2O (in an alkaline solution)

reduction e+ ClO2 => ClO2-


oxidation H2O + ClO2 => ClO3- + 2H+ + e
Overall 2ClO2 + 2OH- ClO2- + ClO3- + H2O

e. Cr2O7-2 + H+ + SO2  Cr+3 + H2O + SO4-2

reduction 6e + 14H++ Cr2O7-2 => 2Cr3+ + 7H2O

oxidation 2H2O + SO2 => SO4-2 + 4H+ + 2e

Overall Cr2O7-2 + 2H+ + 3SO2 => 2Cr+3 + H2O + 3SO4-2

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