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Friction Notes PDF

Friction is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact. There are two types of friction: static friction which acts when an object is at rest, and kinetic (sliding) friction which acts when an object is in motion. Friction depends on the normal force pressing the surfaces together and the coefficient of friction, which describes how slippery the surfaces are. The coefficient of friction is used to calculate the maximum static frictional force that can oppose motion between surfaces before sliding occurs. Examples of coefficients of friction are given for various surface types like rubber on concrete.

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Joshua Boncodin
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149 views

Friction Notes PDF

Friction is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact. There are two types of friction: static friction which acts when an object is at rest, and kinetic (sliding) friction which acts when an object is in motion. Friction depends on the normal force pressing the surfaces together and the coefficient of friction, which describes how slippery the surfaces are. The coefficient of friction is used to calculate the maximum static frictional force that can oppose motion between surfaces before sliding occurs. Examples of coefficients of friction are given for various surface types like rubber on concrete.

Uploaded by

Joshua Boncodin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Friction Notes

Overview
Friction!

Oh dear! How
embarrassing!

http://www.maniacworld.com/ducks-landing-on-ice.html

OK… so what is it?


Friction Description
 Definition
• A force that opposes motion
 When a force is applied to a body resting
on a rough plane so that the body moves
or tends to move, a frictional force acts
on the body in opposition to the applied
force.
Friction
 Symbol
• Ff
 Units
• Newtons (it’s a force!)
 Depends on
• Weight of object (normal force)
• Nature of the surfaces between the moving
object and the supporting surface
Friction
• Two types
• Static friction (pushing the piano but no motion)
• Sliding (kinetic) friction (piano moves!!!)
• Static force > kinetic force
Friction
 Formula Ff
• μ = or Ff = μFN
FN where
• μ = coefficient of friction,
• values usually between 0 and 1
• Note:
• Low μ = slippery
• High μ = sticky
• FN = normal force dependent on weight vector
Examples of μ

Surfaces Static Sliding

Hardwood on hardwood 0.5 0.25

Rubber on dry concrete 1.0 0.75

Rubber on wet concrete 0.75 0.5

Steel on steel 0.74 0.6

Steel on steel (lub’d) 0.15 0.06

Human joints 0.01 0.003


Stages of Friction
 Plot of applied force vs friction force
Friction Practice
 If it takes 200N to move a 100 kg box
across a flat floor at constant speed, what
is the coefficient of friction (μ)?
 Solution
• Constant speed means no acceleration, so the
applied force is balancing the friction force or a
state of equilibrium exists  Fa = Ff
• μ = Ff/Fn = Fa/mg
• = 200/(100 * 9.8) = ~0.2
Inclined Plane with Friction
Friction on Inclined Plane
FN = mg cosθ
Practice Inclined plane
 What is the force of friction (Ff) between
a 105 kg crate on a plane inclined at 30˚,
with a coefficient of friction of 0.3?
 Solution
• Use inclined plane diagram to find
• Ff
• F||
• Fnet
•a
Summary – Newton’s 2nd Law:
Fnet = ma
 Flat plane
• a = Fnet/mass
• a = (Fa – Ff)/m
• a = (Fa – μ.Fn)/m
• a = (Fa – μ.mg)/m
Summary – Newton’s 2nd Law:
Fnet = ma
 Inclined plane
• a = Fnet/mass
• a = (F|| - Ff)/m

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