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Figure Showing The Progression of The Menstrual Cycle and The Different Hormones Contributing To It

The menstrual cycle is governed by hormonal changes and typically occurs approximately every 28 days in humans. It begins at menarche between ages 12-15 and ends at menopause between ages 45-55. The cycle involves changes in the ovaries and uterus in preparation for potential pregnancy. Each cycle can be divided into the follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase in the ovaries or menstruation, proliferative, and secretory phases in the uterus. Around ovulation, an egg is released and may be fertilized, after which it implants in the thickened uterine lining. If not fertilized, hormone levels drop and menstruation occurs where the uterine lining is shed.

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31 views4 pages

Figure Showing The Progression of The Menstrual Cycle and The Different Hormones Contributing To It

The menstrual cycle is governed by hormonal changes and typically occurs approximately every 28 days in humans. It begins at menarche between ages 12-15 and ends at menopause between ages 45-55. The cycle involves changes in the ovaries and uterus in preparation for potential pregnancy. Each cycle can be divided into the follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase in the ovaries or menstruation, proliferative, and secretory phases in the uterus. Around ovulation, an egg is released and may be fertilized, after which it implants in the thickened uterine lining. If not fertilized, hormone levels drop and menstruation occurs where the uterine lining is shed.

Uploaded by

ianai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Figure showing the progression of the menstrual cycle and the different hormones

contributing to it.
The menstrual cycle is the regular natural change that occurs in the female reproductive
system (specifically the uterus and ovaries) that makes pregnancy possible.[1][2] The cycle is
required for the production of oocytes, and for the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy.[1]
Up to 80% of women report having some symptoms during the one to two weeks prior to
menstruation.[3] Common symptoms include acne, tender breasts, bloating, feeling tired,
irritability and mood changes.[4] These symptoms interfere with normal life and therefore
qualify as premenstrual syndrome in 20 to 30% of women. In 3 to 8%, they are severe.[3]

The first period usually begins between twelve and fifteen years of age, a point in time known
as menarche.[5] They may occasionally start as early as eight, and this onset may still be
normal.[6] The average age of the first period is generally later in the developing world and
earlier in developed world. The typical length of time between the first day of one period and
the first day of the next is 21 to 45 days in young women and 21 to 35 days in adults (an
average of 28 days[6][7][8]). Menstruation stops occurring after menopause which usually
occurs between 45 and 55 years of age.[9] Bleeding usually lasts around 2 to 7 days.[6]

The menstrual cycle is governed by hormonal changes.[6] These changes can be altered by
using hormonal birth control to prevent pregnancy.[10] Each cycle can be divided into three
phases based on events in the ovary (ovarian cycle) or in the uterus (uterine cycle).[1] The
ovarian cycle consists of the follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase whereas the uterine
cycle is divided into menstruation, proliferative phase, and secretory phase.

Stimulated by gradually increasing amounts of estrogen in the follicular phase, discharges of


blood (menses) flow stop, and the lining of the uterus thickens. Follicles in the ovary begin
developing under the influence of a complex interplay of hormones, and after several days one
or occasionally two become dominant (non-dominant follicles shrink and die). Approximately
mid-cycle, 24–36 hours after the luteinizing hormone (LH) surges, the dominant follicle
releases an ovocyte, in an event called ovulation. After ovulation, the ovocyte only lives for 24
hours or less without fertilization while the remains of the dominant follicle in the ovary
become a corpus luteum; this body has a primary function of producing large amounts of
progesterone. Under the influence of progesterone, the uterine lining changes to prepare for
potential implantation of an embryo to establish a pregnancy. If implantation does not occur
within approximately two weeks, the corpus luteum will involute, causing a sharp drop in
levels of both progesterone and estrogen. The hormone drop causes the uterus to shed its
lining in a process termed menstruation. Menstruation also occurs in closely related primates
(apes and monkeys).[11]
Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. Is the Menstrual cycle is the regular natural change that occurs in the female
reproductive system that makes pregnancy possible?
A. True B. False C. Maybe
2. Is the first period usually begins between twelve and fifteen years of age, a point
in time known as menarche?
A. True B. False C. Maybe
3. Is the menstrual cycle is governed by hormonal changes. These changes can be
altered by using hormonal birth control to prevent pregnancy?
A. True B. False C. Maybe
4. After ovulation, the ovocyte only lives for 24 hours or less without fertilization
while the remains of the dominant follicle in the ovary become a corpus luteum?
A. True B. False C. Maybe
5. Menstruation stops occurring after menopause which usually occurs between
45 and 55 years of age?
A. True B. False C. Maybe
6. Is the uterine cycle is divided into menstruation, proliferative phase, and
secretory phase?
A. True B. False C. Maybe
7. Each cycle can be divided into three phases based on events in the ovary
(ovarian cycle) or in the uterus (uterine cycle).
A. True B. False C. Maybe
8. Menstruation also occurs in closely related primates (apes and monkeys).
A. True B. False C. Maybe
9. The hormone drop causes the uterus to shed its lining in a process termed
menstruation.
A. True B. False C. Maybe
10. Up to 80% of women report having some symptoms during the one to two
weeks prior to menstruation.
A. True B. False C. Maybe
Fill in the boxes with the correct answers (Letters).

1. True 6. True
2.True 7. True
3.True 8. True
4. True 9. True
5.True 10. True

1. Lining starts thicken


2. If egg is fertilized it settles into thick lining.
3. Egg released (Ovulation)
4. Egg dies If not fertilized
5. Period (Menstruation)

1. J. 6. H.
2. C. 7. D.
3. F 8. E.
4. A. 9. G.
5. B. 10. I.
A. Follicular Fluid
B. Mature Follicle
C. Follicular cells
D. Early corpus luteum htpps//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mnstruation
E. Corpus luteum fully formed
F. Secondary occyte https://www.google.com/search?q=menstrual+cycle+activity+sheets&ved=
G. Ruptured follicle 2ahUKEwi43KbwxrzfAhVtdt4khymbbgy02kzdchjdyfybsbdbchrfmfjhxmcjxkhHjmeyjj
H. Corpus ablicans dnfmm123…3364.okdooidij..-mobliejsdherhnsgngenbjflfjjkdf/ldktik…
I. Primary follicle
J. Primary Follicle

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