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Characteristic of PNP Tranistor in CB Configuration: Object: Apparatus Used

(1) The document describes an experiment to study the characteristics of a PNP transistor in common base configuration. Tables of readings are provided for the input, output, and forward current transfer characteristics. (2) The input characteristic shows emitter current IE rapidly increases with small increases in input voltage VEB after the knee voltage at constant output voltage. The output characteristic shows output current IC is independent of output voltage VCB at constant input current IE. (3) The forward current transfer characteristic indicates output current IC is linearly related to input current IE, but IC cannot exceed IE, so the current gain is less than 1.

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Dhiman Alian
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69 views7 pages

Characteristic of PNP Tranistor in CB Configuration: Object: Apparatus Used

(1) The document describes an experiment to study the characteristics of a PNP transistor in common base configuration. Tables of readings are provided for the input, output, and forward current transfer characteristics. (2) The input characteristic shows emitter current IE rapidly increases with small increases in input voltage VEB after the knee voltage at constant output voltage. The output characteristic shows output current IC is independent of output voltage VCB at constant input current IE. (3) The forward current transfer characteristic indicates output current IC is linearly related to input current IE, but IC cannot exceed IE, so the current gain is less than 1.

Uploaded by

Dhiman Alian
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Characteristic of PNP Tranistor in CB configuration

Object: To study the characteristic of PNP transistor in common base configuration.

Apparatus used: Transistor, variable DC source of range 0-3 volt and 0-15volts, voltmeter of
range 0-3 and 0-15volt, mili-ammeter, wires/leads.

Theory: Transistor is an electronic component which is used in place of triode valve. It has
application in amplification of signals, design of oscillators etc. It has three terminals which are
termed as emitter, base and collector. It can be connected in circuit in three modes.
(1) Common base configuration
(2) Common emitter configuration and
(3) Common collector configuration.
According to two port analysis in terms of hybrid parameters, the input voltage (VEB) and output
current (IC) are function of input current (IE) and output voltage (VCB) . i.e.
VEB = h ib I E + h rb VCB ⎫
⎬ (1)
I C = h fb I E + h ob VCB ⎭

According to equation (1), there are four characteristic curves of transistor in common base
configuration which are defined as follows.

(1) Input characteristic: The variation of input current (IE) with input voltage (VEB) at
constant output voltage (VCB) provides the input characteristics. Input resistance can be
obtained by this characteristic curve.
(2) Output characteristic: The variation of output current (IC) with output voltage (VCB) at
constant input current (IE) provides the output characteristics. Output admittance and
output resistance can be determined with help of this characteristic curve.
(3) Forward current transfer characteristic: The variation of output current (IC) with input
current (IE) at constant output voltage (VCB) provides the forward current transfer
characteristics. The slop of curve gives the DC current gain in CB configuration.
(4) Reverse voltage transfer characteristic: The variation of input voltage (VEB) with output
voltage (VCB) at constant input current (IE) provides the reverse voltage transfer
characteristics.

1
Circuit Diagram:

Observation:

A. Table for input characteristic


1. Least count of voltmeter= 0.02 V
2. Least count of ammeter= 1 mA

Sr. VCB=0volt VCB=8volt


No. VEB IE VEB IE
(Volt) (mA) (Volt) (mA)
1. 0 0 0 0
2. 0.6 0 0.6 1
3. 0.62 1 0.62 2
4. 0.64 2 0.64 3
5. 0.66 4 0.66 5
6. 0.68 6 0.68 8
7. 0.7 9 0.7 10
8. 0.72 11 0.72 13
9. 0.74 14 0.74 16
10. 0.76 17 0.76 19
11 0.78 20 0.78 23
12. 0.8 23 0.8 26
13. 0.82 26 0.82 30
14. 0.84 29 0.84 33
15. 0.86 33 0.86 38
16. 0.88 37 0.88 42
17. 0.9 40 0.9 46
18. 0.92 43 0.92 49

2
B. Table for Output characteristic
1. Least count of voltmeter= 0.2 V
2. Least count of ammeter= 1 mA

Sr. VCB IC (mA)


No. (volts)
IE=2 mA IE=4 mA IE=6 mA IE=8 mA
1. 0 1.8 3.8 5.8 7.8
2. 1 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
3. 2 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
4. 3 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
5. 4 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
6. 5 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
7. 6 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
8. 7 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
9. 8 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0
10. 9 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0

C. Table for forward current transfer characteristic


VCB=2 volts =constant

Sr. IE IC
No. (mA) (mA)
1. 0 0
2. 5 5
3. 10 10
4. 15 15
5. 20 19
6. 25 24
7. 30 29
8. 35 33
9. 40 38

Result: The following results can be written on the basis of characteristic curve.
(A) Input characteristic curve shows that emitter current IE increases rapidly with small increases in
input voltage VEB after knee voltage at constant output voltage. As output voltage VCB made
more negative, IE rises more rapidly.
(B) Output characteristic curve shows that the output current IC is approximately independent of
output voltage VCB at constant input current IE . Even at zero output voltage, there is finite value
of output current.
(C) The forward current transfer characteristic curve indicates that output current IC is linearly
related with input current IE. But the value of IC can not be greater than the IE hence current gain
will be less than 1.

3
Precautions:
1. The connection should be tight otherwise fluctuation in voltage and current will happen.
2. At the turning point of curve, more reading should be taken.
3. For the accuracy, current should be taken both in mA and μA..
4. The reading should be in multiple of least count.

Input characteristic Curve

4
Output characteristic Curve

5
Current Transfer characteristic Curve

6
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