MATHEMATICS

SURVEYING

CE LICENSURE EXAMINATION PROBLEMS CORRECTIONS IN TAPING

SURVEYING
5. Using a 50-m tape that is 0.02 m too long, the measured distance
from A to B is 160.42 m. What is the correct distance from A to B?
PACING (N94 M 25)
a. 160.484 m c. 160.4 m
1. A surveying student had recorded the following after repeated b. 160.356 m d. 160.44 m
pacing:
First distance = 100 m 6. The sides of a square lot having an area of 2.25 hectares were
No. of paces: 142, 145, 143, 146.5 measured using a 100-m tape that was 0.04 m too short. Compute
Second distance = ? the error in the area in sq. m. (M95 M 25)
No. of paces: 893.5, 896, 891.5, 897 a. 18.0036 c. 11.9984
Find the second distance in meters. (N98 M 4) b. 12.0016 d. 17.9964
a. 620 c. 630
b. 650 d. 640 7. The distance from D to E, as measured, is 165.2 m. If the 50 m tape
used is 0.01 m too short, what is the correct distance in meters?
2. A student recorded the following number of paces after walking a (M96 M 19)
distance of 50 m repeatedly as 71.5, 72.0, 70.0, and 69.5. He a. 165.299 c. 165.167
wanted to measure the distance between two points C and D. He b. 165.365 d. 165.233
recorded the following number of paces from C to B or back as
465, 468, 463, and 460. What is the distance from C to D? (N02 M 8. A steel tape is 100 m long at a standard pull of 65 N. Compute the
28) pull correction in mm if during measurement the applied pull is 40
a. 328 m c. 462 m N. The tape has a cross sectional area of 3.18 mm2 and a modulus
b. 378 m d. 421 m of elasticity E = 200 GPa. (N96 M 29)
a. -7 c. -6
b. -4 d. -5
CHAINING
9. The correct distance between points E and F is 213.5 m. If a 100-m
3. A line was measured to have 5 tallies, 6 marking pins, and 63.5 tape that is 0.025 m too long is used to measure EF, what will be
links. How long is the line? (M94 M 38) the measured distance in meters? (N97 M 21)
a. 1205.50 cm c. 5663.50 ft a. 212.765 c. 213.447
b. 1887.50 m d. 119.50 in b. 212.659 d. 213.553

4. A line was measured with a 50-m tape. There were 2 tallies and 3 10. When the temperature was 3 C, the distance from E to F was
pins, and the distance from the last pin and the end of the line was measured using a steel tape that has a standard length at 20 C with
2.25 m. Find the length of the line in meters. (M97 M 20) a coefficient of thermal expansion of 0.0000116 / C. If the correct
a. 1152.25 c. 117.25 distance from E to F is 836.5 m, what is the measured distance in
b. 1017.25 d. 517.25 meters? (M98 M 23)
a. 835.675 c. 836.005
b. 836.335 d. 836.665
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11. A line was measured to be 412 m using a 30-m tape, which is of 16. With the transit at point A and line of sight horizontal, the stadia
standard length at a temperature of 20 C. During measurement, intercept at B is 0.6 m. If the stadia interval factor is 99.96 and the
the temperature was 52 C. If the coefficient of thermal expansion stadia constant is 0.3, find the distance AB. (M01 M 18)
of the tape material is 0.0000116 m/m C, calculate the correct a. 54.21 m c. 78.32 m
length of the line. (M99 M 22) b. 43.87 m d. 60.28 m
a. 411.847 m c. 412.153 m
b. 413.215 m d. 409.845 m 17. The length intercepted on the stadia rod is 1.8 m and the line of
sight makes an angle of 430’ with the horizontal. Find the
12. Using a 25-m tape, a square lot was measured and found to have an horizontal distance, in meters, from the center of the instrument to
area of 1 hectare. If the total error in area is 4.004 square meter the rod, if the stadia constant is 0.3 m and the stadia interval factor
short, what is the error in each tape length? (N01 M 9) is 100. (M02 M 25)
a. 0.005 m too short c. 0.008 m too long a. 172.43 m c. 187.36 m
b. 0.008 m too short d. 0.005 m too long b. 179.74 m d. 196.87 m

13. A baseline measures 25 km at elevation 520 m. If the average

radius of curvature is 6400 km, compute the sea-level distance. DIFFERENTIAL LEVELING
(M02 M 6)
a. 24996.24 m c. 24997.97 m 18. Using the following notes, what is the elevation of BM14? (N95 M
b. 24998.63 m d. 24995.24 m 22)
Station BS FS Elev.
BM12 4.64 209.65
DISTANCE BY TACHYMETRY (STADIA METHOD) 1 5.80 5.06
2 2.25 5.02
14. With the transit at point A and the line of sight horizontal, the BM13 6.02 5.85
stadia intercept at B was found to be 1.94 m. If the stadia constant 3 8.96 4.94
is 0.3 and AB = 194.2 m, find the stadia interval factor. (M98 M 4 8.06 3.22
25) 5 9.45 3.71
a. 99.958 c. 99.968 6 12.32 2.02
b. 99.938 d. 99.948 BM14 1.98
a. 255.45 c. 225.05
15. The length intercepted on the stadia rod is 3.6 m and the line of b. 245.02 d. 235.35
sight makes an angle of 315’ with the horizontal. Find the
distance, in meters, from the center of the instrument to the rod, if
the stadia constant is 0.3 m and the stadia interval factor is 100.
(N98 M 17)
a. 363.33 c. 357.62
b. 361.28 d. 359.14

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19. The following notes were taken during a differential leveling. LEVELING ADJUSTMENTS
What is the difference in elevation between BM1 and BM2? (M96
M 24) 22. To make a peg adjustment, the following notes were taken:
Station BS FS Elev.
BM1 7.11 751.05 Wye level at 1 Wye level at 2
1 8.83 1.24 Rod reading at P 0.75 1.906
2 11.72 1.11 Rod reading at Q 2.766 3.798
BM2 10.21
a. 17.7 c. 15.1 Point 1 is on the line PQ and midway between P and Q.
b. 18.2 d. 16.4 Point 2 is on the same line as P and Q but not between them. Point
2 is 25 m from P and 230 m from Q. With the wye level at point 2,
20. Based on the following leveling notes, find the elevation of Sta 5 what is the rod reading at P for a level sight? (N94 M 26)
in meters. (M97 M 8) a. 1.921 c. 1.98
Station BS FS Elev. b. 1.962 d. 1.954
1 8.26 458.45 m
2 9.98 2.39
3 12.87 2.26 SENSITIVITY OF A BUBBLE
4 8.65 11.36
5 5.32 23. With the use of an engineer’s level, the reading on a rod 80 m away
a. 476.88 c. 478.82 was found to be 2.82 m. The bubble was leveled through 5 spaces
b. 479.26 d. 477.28 on the level tube and the rod reading increased to 2.884 m. What is
the radius of curvature of the level tube if one space on the tube is
21. Determine the difference between the elevations of Sta 6 and Sta 5, 0.6 mm long? (N02 M 24)
in meters, using the following notes: (N97 M 15) a. 3.75 m c. 3.35 m
Station BS FS Elev. b. 4m d. 3.50 m
1 4.90 463.8 m
2 6.06 5.32
3 2.51 5.28 EARTH CURVATURE AND REFRACTION
4 6.28 6.11
5 9.22 4.60 24. Point A is between points B and C. The distances of B and C from
6 3.48 point A are 1000 m and 2000 m, respectively. Measured from point
a. 5.74 c. 5.53 A, the angle of elevation of point B is 1830’, while that of point C
b. 5.47 d. 5.66 is . The difference in the elevations of B and C is 44.4 m, with C
being lower than B. Considering the effects of curvature and
refraction, the value of  is nearest to: (M95 M 26)
a. 730’ c. 815’
b. 645’ d. 520’

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25. The top of a tower signal at B 2000 m from A away was sighted 29. Lot ABCDEFA is a closed traverse in the form of a regular hexagon
through a transit with recorded vertical angle of 230’. The height with each side equal to 100 m. The bearing of AB is N25E. What
of the mast is 12 m and the HI of the transit above the point where is the bearing of CD? (M03 M 26)
it is set is 1.10 m. The elevation of the point under the transit A is a. S 35 E c. S 30 E
133.3 m. Compute the elevation of the base of the signal B. (N96 b. S 45 E d. S 40 E
M 26)
a. 225 c. 215
b. 220 d. 210 DECLINATION

26. Point A is between points B and C. The distances of B and C from 30. If the polar distance of a star is 230’, what is its declination?
point A are 1000 m and 2000 m, respectively. Measured from point (M94 M 26)
A, the angle of elevation of point B is 1830’, while that of point C a. 17730’ c. 9230’
is 815’. Find the difference in the elevations of B and C. Consider b. 8730’ d. 6230’
the effects of curvature and refraction. (N00 M 2)
a. 44.4 m c. 48.7 m 31. A line has a magnetic bearing of S4130’E when the declination
b. 32.6 m d. 52.1 m was 130’E. What is the true bearing of the line if a local attraction
is 330’ to the east of the vicinity? (M94 M 39)
a. S 3530’ E c. S 45 E
AREA BY TRAPEZOIDAL RULE
b. S 45 E d. S 4330’ E
27. Find the area of a piece of land with an irregular boundary as
follows:
AREA BY TRIANGULATION
Station Offset Distance (m)
0 + 000 5.59
32. To determine the area of a triangular lot ABC, a surveyor set-up a
0 + 010 3.38
transit at point P inside the lot and recorded the following bearing
0 + 020 2.30
and distances of each corners of the lot from P.
0 + 030 3.96
Corner Bearing from P Distance from P
0 + 040 4.80
A N 4732’ W 36.25 m
The stations are on straight-line boundary. Find the area of the land
in m2 by Trapezoidal Rule. (M96 M 2) B N 6852’ E 48.32 m
a. 138.4 c. 118.5 C Due South 65.25 m
b. 128.5 d. 148.4 Determine the area of the lot in square meter. (N99 M 20)
a. 3256 c. 4253
b. 3127 d. 2586
ANGLES AND DIRECTIONS

28. The forward azimuth of a line is known to be 52. What is its back
azimuth? (N99 M 26)
a. 148 c. 232
b. 322 d. 218
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CLOSED TRAVERSE (MISSING DATA) 36. From the given data of a closed traverse, compute the bearing of
line 3-4. (N96 M 8)
33. A closed traverse has the following data: Line Bearing Distance (m)
Course Bearing Distance (m) 1-2 N 58 E 80
1-2 N 9.27 E 58.70 2-3 Due N 50
2-3 S 88.43 E 27.30 3-4
3-4 4-1 S 36.74 E 89.8
4-5 S 5.30 E 35.00 a. N 60 E c. N 64.3 E
5-1 S 72.07 W 78.96 b. N 55.60 E d. S 80.4 W
What is the length of course 3-4? (N94 M 27)
a. 39.3 m c. 38.65 m 37. A closed traverse has the following data:
b. 37.5 m d. 35.2 m Line Distance (m) Bearing
AB 64.86 N 7210’ E
34. A closed traverse has the following data: BC 107.72 S 4813’ E
Course Bearing Distance (m) CD 44.37 S 3530’ W
1-2 N 9.27 E 58.70 DE 137.84
2-3 S 88.43 E 27.30 EA 12.83
3-4 N 86.78 E 35.20 Find the bearing of line DE. (N97 M 26)
4-5 S 5.30 E 35.00 a. N 5715’ W c. N 5655’ W
5-1 b. N 5944’ W d. N 5825’ W
What is the bearing of line 5-1? (M95 M 27)
a. S 78.31 W c. S 85.16 W 38. A closed traverse has the following data:
b. S 76.05 W d. S 72.07 W Line Bearing Distance (m)
AB 44.47
35. A closed traverse has the following data: BC 137.84
Course Bearing Distance (m) CD N 145’ E 12.83
AB S 1536’ W 24.22 DE N 7210’ E 64.86
BC S 6911’ E 15.92 EA S 4813’ E 107.72
CD N 5758’ E Find the bearing of line AB. (M98 M 17)
DA S 8043’ W a. S 3718’ W c. S 3834’ W
Find distance DA in meters? (N95 M 24) b. S 3530’ W d. S 3646’ W
a. 77 c. 75
b. 79 d. 73

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39. A closed traverse has the following data: TRANSIT RULE

Line Bearing Distance (m)
AB 60.00 42. A closed traverse has the following data:
BC 72.69 Line Distance Bearing
CD S 1720’ E 44.83 AB 895 S 7029’ E
DE S 7036’ W 56.45 BC 315 S 2628’ E
EA N 7430’ W 50.00 CD 875 S 6533’ W
Find the bearing of line BC. (M00 M 24) DE 410 N 4531’ W
a. S 4552’ E c. S 8223’ E EA 650 N 1000’ E
b. N 1811’ E d. N 1530’ E Determine the correct bearing of line EA using the transit rule.
(M97 M 19)
40. A closed traverse has the following data: a. N 944’34” E c. N 950’28” E
Line Bearing Distance (m) b. N 947’21” E d. N 953’1” E
AB N 86.78 E 35.20
BC S 5.30 E 35.00 43. A closed traverse has the following data:
CD S 72.07 W 78.95 Line Distance Bearing
DE N 9.27 E 58.70 AB 895 S 7029’ E
EA BC 315 S 2628’ E
Find the length of side EA. (M01 M 28) CD 875 S 6533’ W
a. 27.3 m c. 54.9 m DE 410 N 4531’ W
b. 29.7 m d. 31.6 m EA 650 N 1000’ E
Find the corrected bearing of line CD by transit rule. (N98 M 12)
a. S 6544’12” W c. S 6540’18” W
SUBDIVISION OF LOTS b. S 6542’33” W d. S 6548’29” W
41. A closed triangular traverse has the following data: 44. A closed traverse has the following data:
Line Bearing Distance (m) Line Latitude
AB N 60 E 1000 1-2 +9.15
BC Due South 2-3 -8.41
CA N 60 W 3-4 -24.15
An area of 280,000 square meter is cut-off starting from corner A 4-5 +6.21
to point F on line BC. What is the length of line AF? (N03 M 29) 5-1 +17.10
a. 878.35 m c. 863.14 m Using the transit rule, determine the corrected latitude of line 3-4.
b. 893.25 m d. 914.75 m (N99 M 27)
a. -24.113 c. -24.214
b. -24.187 d. -24.044

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PROBABLE VALUES ERROR IN TRANSIT READING

45. The observed interior angles of a triangle and their corresponding 49. The horizontal axis of a transit was inclined at 4’ with the
number of observations are as follows: horizontal due to non-adjustment. The first sight had a vertical
Corner Angle No. of observations angle of 50, the next has -30. Determine the error in the
1 39 3 measured horizontal angle. (M03 M 29)
2 65 4 a. 7’4.6” c. 8’4.6”
3 75 2 b. 7’9.2” d. 8’9.2”
Determine the corrected angle at corner 1. (M99 M 29)
a. 3828’12.2” c. 3918’27.7”
b. 4032’14” d. 3936’32” HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY

46. The observed interior angles of a triangular piece of land ABC are 50. In a hydrographic survey using a current meter with meter constant
as follows: A = 3514’37”, B = 9630’09”, and C = 4815’05”. a = 0.232 and b = 0.022, it is required to determine the velocity of
The most probable value of angle B is nearest to: (M00 M 23) the water at that point if the time of observation was recorded to
a. 9630’15” c. 9630’06” last for 50 seconds and the recorded number of revolution is taken
b. 9630’03” d. 9630’12” as 10. (M94 M 42)
a. 0.0575 m/s c. 0.0247 m/s
47. The observed interior angles of a triangle and their corresponding b. 0.0346 m/s d. 0.0684 m/s
number of observations are as follows:
Corner Angle No. of observations 51. The area bounded by the waterline of a reservoir and the contours
at an interval of 2 m are as follows: A1 = 10,250 m2, A2 = 8,350 m2,
A 41 5
A3 = 7,750 m2, A4 = 6,900 m2, and A5 = 5,250 m2. Calculate the
B 65 6
volume of the reservoir by end-area method. (M99 M 24)
C 75 2 a. 54,250 m3 c. 61,500 m3
Determine the most probable value of angle C. (N01 M 16) b. 72,450 m 3
d. 84,550 m3
a. 7534’21” c. 7448’56”
b. 7354’32” d. 7425’23” 52. In a hydrographic survey, a staff gage reading of 8.15 m was
observed at the instant the depth of the sounding was 17.6 m. The
48. The following interior angles of a triangular traverse were zero mark of the staff gage is at elevation 148.2 m. Find the
measured with the same precision. What is the most probable value elevation of the point where the sounding was made. (M01 M 21)
of angle A, in degrees? (M03 M 27) a. 139.25 m c. 136.25 m
Angle Value (degrees) No. of observations b. 138.75 m d. 137.75 m
A 41 5
B 77 6
C 63 2
a. 40.35 c. 40.57
b. 40.16 d. 40.77

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53. Given the following areas bounded by the waterline of a lake and 59. A 3-degree curve has an external distance of 8.53 m. What is the
the contours 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Each contour is at 2 m interval. central angle? Use chord basis. (M96 M 18)
A1 = 6,150 m2 A4 = 4,140 m2 a. 23 c. 25
2
A2 = 5,010 m A5 = 3,150 m2 b. 24 d. 22
A3 = 4,650 m2
Determine the volume of water in the lake. (N02 M 26) 60. Find the radius of a simple curve having a degree of curve of 5
a. 35,500 m3 c. 37,800 m3 using chord basis. (N96 M 18)
3
b. 36,800 m d. 38,900 m3 a. 229.26 m c. 114.74 m
b. 142.3 m d. 201.5 m

IDENTITIES 61. A circular curve has the following data:

Azimuth of back tangent = 205
54. If coversed sin  is 0.134, find the value of . (M94 M 10) Azimuth of forward tangent = 262
a. 60 c. 45 Middle ordinate, M = 5.8 m
b. 20 d. 30 Find the length of the tangent, in meters. (M97 M 28)
a. 23.77 c. 25.99
55. If versed sin  is 0.148, what is the value of ? (N03 M 4) b. 24.88 d. 22.83
a. 31.57 c. 24.78
b. 58.43 d. 11.24 62. From point A on a simple curve, the perpendicular distance to the
tangent, at point Q, is 64 m. The tangent passes through the PC.
The distance from Q to PC is 260 m. Find the radius of the curve,
SIMPLE CURVES in meters. (M98 M 4)
a. 580 c. 560
56. The tangents of a simple curve have bearings of N7512’E and b. 540 d. 520
S7836’E, respectively. What is the central angle of the curve?
(N94 M 28) 63. From the PC, the deflection angles of two intermediate points A
a. 38.2 c. 29.2 and B of a simple curve are 315’ and 815’, respectively. The
b. 26.2 d. 27.2 chord distance between A and B is 40 m long. Find the length of
the curve from the PC to B, in meters. (N98 M 1)
57. A 3-degree curve has an angle of intersection of 24. What is the a. 74.3 c. 70.5
length of the long chord in meters? Use chord basis. (M95 M 7) b. 66.1 d. 62.4
a. 158.85 c. 171.28
b. 183.42 d. 162.46 64. A 4-degree simple curve has an angle of intersection of 24. Find
the length of the long chord. Use arc basis. (M99 M 20)
58. What is the angle of intersection of the two tangents of a simple a. 119.13 m c. 112.21 m
curve if their bearings are N7512’E and S7836’E, respectively? b. 125.10 m d. 132.56 m
(N95 M 23)
a. 2612’ c. 324’
b. 1842’ d. 2238’

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65. From point A on a simple curve, the perpendicular distance to the COMPOUND CURVES
tangent, at point Q, is 64 m. The tangent passes through the PC.
The distance from Q to PC is 260 m. Find the length of the curve 71. Station PT of a compound curve is at 15+480.14, I1 = 30, I2 =
from PC to A, in meters. (M00 M 20) 36, D1 = 4 and D2 = 5. What is the stationing of PCC? Use arc
a. 270.37 c. 298.56 basis. (N94 M 29)
b. 352.47 d. 254.12 a. 15+319.63 c. 15+325.28
b. 15+336.14 d. 15+342.5
66. From a point A on a simple curve, the perpendicular distance to the
tangent at point Q is x. The tangent passes through PC. Point A is 72. A compound curve has the following data: I1 = 28, I2 = 31, D1 =
at station 20+250 and PC is at station 20+150. If the radius of the 3, D2 = 4, and Sta PI = 30+120.5. Find the stationing of PCC.
curve is 800 m, find x. (N00 M 18) Use Sta PI = 30+120.5. (M96 M 1)
a. 6.24 m c. 7.89 m a. 30+110.73 c. 30+114.88
b. 25.47 m d. 62.32 m b. 30+118.46 d. 30+106.97

67. The offset distance from PC to PT of a simple curve is 8 m. If the 73. The elements of a compound curve are as follows: I1 = 18, I2 =
angle of intersection of the curve is 20, what is the radius of the 23.5, D1 = 2, D2 = 4, and Sta PI = 42+89.6. Find the stationing
curve? (M01 M 13) of PC. Use arc basis. (N97 M 5)
a. 123.87 m c. 153.98 m a. 41+908.38 c. 41+917.23
b. 132.65 m d. 113.62 m b. 41+934.92 d. 41+925.19
68. Determine the central angle of a 350-m simple curve if the nearest 74. A compound curve has the following properties:
distance from the curve to the point of intersection of the tangents I1 = 32
is 18 m. (N01 M 1) Length of long chord from PC to PCC, L1 = 235.98 m
a. 32 c. 36 I2 = 24
b. 39 d. 56 Length of long chord from PCC to PT, L2 = 178.23 m
Find the length of chord from PC to PT. (M01 M 19)
69. The tangent of a simple curve from PI to PC has a bearing of a. 402.15 m c. 476.45
N65E and the other tangent from PI to PT has a bearing of b. 376.54 m d. 234.76
N55W. At a point 150 m from PC along the tangent through PC,
the right angle offset to point F on the curve is 6.2 m. Find the 75. The length of the common tangent of a compound curve is 321 m.
radius of the curve. (N02 M 23) D1 = 2.5, I1 = 36, I2 = 62. Find the degree of the second curve.
a. 1657.5 m c. 1752.3 m Use arc basis. (M02 M 14)
b. 1547.2 m d. 1817.6 m a. 3 c. 3.5
b. 2 d. 4
70. What is the central angle in degrees of the curve whose radius is
200 m and the distance of the midpoint of the curve to the PI is
14.20 m? (M03 M 28)
a. 48 c. 42
b. 46 d. 44

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76. A compound curve has a common tangent 520 m long. The first 80. A reversed curve of equal radii connects two parallel tangents 12
curve passing through the PC is a 3-degree curve with a central m apart. The length of chord from PC to PT is 140 m. Determine
angle of 50. Find the radius of the second curve if its central angle the total length of the reversed curve. (N02 M 27)
is 35. (M03 M 22) a. 142.85 m c. 140.17 m
a. 1.084.3 c. 1,143.7 b. 145.1 m d. 146.7 m
b. 1,265.2 d. 1,304.3

SPIRAL CURVES
REVERSED CURVES
81. A spiral easement curve has a length of 100 m with a central curve
77. The common tangent BC of a reversed curve is 280.5 m and has a having a radius of 300 m. Determine the offset distance from the
bearing of S4731’E. AB is the tangent of the first curve whose tangent to the second-quarter point of the spiral. (M02 M 26)
bearing is N7245’E. CD is a tangent of the second curve whose a. 0.69 m c. 6.77 m
bearing is N3813’E. A is at the PC while D is at the PT. The b. 1.99 m d. 3.58 m
radius of the first curve is 180 m. The PI is at Sta 12+523.37. Find
the stationing of the PT. (M95 M 8)
a. 12+883.65 c. 12+889.54 VERTICAL CURVES
b. 12+893.24 d. 12+878.16
82. A parabolic curve AB, 400 m long is connected by tangents having
78. The common tangent of a reversed curve is 280.5 m and has an an upgrade of +6.5% and a downgrade of -3% intersecting at Sta
azimuth of 31229’. BC is a tangent of the first curve whose 20+800 at elevation 102.5 m. Find the distance from B to the
azimuth is 25245’. DE is a tangent of the second curve whose highest point of the curve. (N96 M 17)
a. 125.6 c. 126.3
azimuth is 21813’. The radius of the first curve is 180 m. PI is at
b. 123.5 d. 124.8
Sta 16+523.37. B is at PI. What is the stationing of PI2? (N95 M
20)
83. A grade of 6.5% meets a grade of -3% at Sta 10+800 whose
a. 16+754.8 c. 16+774.8
elevation is at 1560 m. A parabolic curve AB, 400 m long connects
b. 16+764.8 d. 16+784.8
the gradelines with A on the back tangent. Find the stationing of A.
(M97 M 11)
79. A reversed curve has the following properties:
a. 10+300 c. 10+500
Degree of curve, D1 = 3
b. 10+600 d. 10+400
Central angle, I1 = 24
Degree of curve, D2 = 4 84. A vertical sag curve has tangent grades of -3.5% and +4.6%
Central angle, I2 = 38 meeting at point A whose elevation is 67 m. If the length of the
Stationing of PC = 67+345.23 curve is 440 m, find the elevation of the PC. (N99 M 18)
Determine the stationing of PRC (point of reversed curvature). Use a. 75.2 m c. 59.3 m
arc basis. (N01 M 2) b. 74.7 m d. 73.2 m
a. 67+505.23 c. 67+467.23
b. 67+549.23 d. 67+689.23

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85. A vertical parabolic sag curve has tangent grades of -1.2% and 89. The area in cut of two irregular sections 35 m apart are 34 m2 and
+0.6%. If the grade changes uniformly at 0.18% per 20 m, find the 56 m2, respectively. The base width is 10 m and the side slope is
length of the curve. (M00 M 22) 1:1. Find the corrected volume of cut in m3, using the prismoidal
a. 200 m c. 300 m correction formula. (N95 M 21)
b. 150 m d. 250 m a. 1564.84 c. 1458.45
b. 1386.84 d. 1249.26
86. A parabolic curve AB 400 m long connects two tangent grades of
+6.5% and -3%. If the elevation of the summit is 123.256 m, what 90. Find the area of the given cross-section if the width of roadway is
is the elevation of point B? (N00 M 21) 10 m. (N96 M 21)
a. 122.111 m c. 121.361 m Left Center Right
b. 119.625 m d. 120.542 m 9.8 0 11.2
3.2 2.80 4.21
a. 47.925 c. 65.35
EARTHWORKS b. 59.421 d. 53.625

87. The cross-section notes shown below are for a ground excavation 91. Two irregular sections 80 m apart have areas in cut of 26 m2 and 84
for a 10-m wide roadway. m2. The base width is 8 m and the side slope is 1:1. Find the
Sta 16+100 corrected volume of cut in m3 between the two stations using the
8.2 L 0 13.65 R prismoidal correction formula. (N97 M 12)
+2.15 +3.5 +5.8 a. 4,252.2 c. 4,241.5
What is the cross-sectional area, in m2, at Sta 16+100? (N94 M 30) b. 4,234.8 d. 4,263.4
a. 64.1125 c. 58.1125
b. 46.1125 d. 52.1125 92. The areas in cut of two irregular sections 70 m apart are 26 m2 and
84 m2, respectively. Base width = 8 m. Side slope is 1:1. Using the
88. The cross-section notes shown below are for a ground excavation prismoidal correction formula, find the corrected volume of cut, in
for a 10-m wide roadway. m3, between the two stations. (M98 M 9)
Sta 25+100 a. 3,715.2 c. 3,710.5
7.85 L 0 8.45 R b. 3,705.4 d. 3,720.8
+1.90 +3.20 +2.30
Sta 25+150 93. Find the corrected volume of cut in m3 between two stations 60 m
9.35 L 0 10.37 R apart if the areas of the irregular sections in cut at the stations are
+2.90 +2.60 +3.80 32 m2 and 68 m2, respectively. Base width = 8 m. Side slope is 1:1.
What is the volume of excavation, in m3, between the two stations? Use the prismoidal correction formula. (N98 M 7)
Use the prismoidal formula. (M95 M 9) a. 2,937.6 c. 2,948.8
a. 1994.26 c. 2113.32 b. 2,919.4 d. 2,936.8
b. 2134.65 d. 1973.62

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94. The longitudinal ground profile and the gradeline shows that the GRADE OF FINISHED ROADWAY
length of cut is 560 m while the length of fill is 740 m. The width
of the roadbed is 10 m for both cut and fill. The profile areas 98. The ground makes a uniform slope of 4.8% from Sta 12+180 to
between the groundline and the gradeline, which are parallel, are Sta 12+240. At Sta 12+180, the center height of the roadway is
4,800 m2 for cut and 5,829 m2 for fill. Find the difference between 1.2 m fill. At the other station, the center height is 2.5 m cut. Find
the volume of fill and the volume of cut in m3 if the side slopes are the grade of the finished road. (M97 M 4)
1.5:1 for cut and 2:1 for fill. (M01 M 29) a. -4.15 % c. -1.37 %
a. 43,768.2 m3 c. 40,413.7 m3 b. -2.48 % d. -3.26 %
3
b. 35,783.2 m d. 56,298.2 m3
99. From Station A with center height of 1.4 m in fill, the ground
95. Given the following cross-section notes of an earthwork on an 8-m makes a uniform slope of 5% to Station B whose center height is
wide roadway: 2.8 m in cut. Assuming both sections to be level sections having a
6.70 0 4.75 width of roadway of 10 m and side slope of 2:1 for both cut and
+1.80 +1.40 +1.50 fill, compute the cross-sectional area of fill 8 m from Station A.
Determine the area of the cross-section. (N02 M 25) Distance from Station A to Station B is 60 m. (M99 M 23)
a. 12.208 m2 c. 11.428 m2 a. 12.54 m2 c. 15.81 m2
2
b. 11.837 m d. 12.615 m2 b. 8.41 m 2
d. 9.81 m2

96. Given a side slope of 2:1, a road width of 10 m and a cross- 100. The ground makes a uniform slope of 4.8% from Sta 12+180 to
sectional area of 31.7 m2, find the value of x in the following cross- Sta 12+240. At Sta 12+180, the center height of the roadway is
section notes: (M03 M 24) 1.2 m fill. At the other station, the center height is 2.5 m cut. Find
9.8 0 7.4 the length of cut in meters. (M00 M 21)
+2.4 x +1.2 a. 30.85 c. 46.32
a. +2.93 m c. +2.51 m b. 40.54 d. 50.28
b. +2.71 m d. +2.64 m
101. The ground makes a uniform slope of 4.8% from Sta 12+180 to
97. The cross-sectional area of a road with width of 10 m is 33.1 m2. Sta 12+250. At Sta 12+180, the center height of the roadway is
The cross-sectional area is as follows: 1.2 m fill. At the other station, the center height is 3.11 m cut. Find
9.8 0 7.4 the grade of the finished road. (N00 M 19)
2.4 x 1.2 a. -4.214 % c. -1.427 %
Determine the value of x. (N03 M 28) b. -2.149 % d. -1.357 %
a. 3.2 m c. 2.4 m
b. 2.8 m d. 1.6 m 102. The ground makes a uniform slope of 5% from Sta 12+180 to Sta
12+240. At Sta 12+180, the center height of the roadway is 1.4 m
fill. At the other station, the center height is 2.8 m cut. Find the
grade of the finished road. (N01 M 15)
a. -2 % c. -2.7 %
b. -1.6 % d. -3 %

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103. From Sta 12+180 with center height of 1.4 m in fill, the ground
makes a uniform slope of 5% to Sta 12+240 whose center height is
2.8 m in cut. How far is the point of intersection of the ground and
the road from Sta 12+180? (M02 M 13)
a. 25 m c. 15 m
b. 20 m d. 30 m

BORROW PITS

104. The volume of a borrow pit 90 m by 90 m is to be determined by

unit area method. The area is divided by equal square areas 30 m
by 30 m. The height of earth at each unit area are as follows:
Row 1 3.2 m 2.8 m 3.6 m 4.2 m
Row 2 3.8 2.5 3.2 3.8
Row 3 3.1 2.9 3.3 3.0
Row 4 3.0 2.5 2.8 2.6
Find the volume of the borrow pit in cubic meters. (N99 M 17)
a. 28,045 c. 24,515
b. 22,045 d. 25,065

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