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Realism Methods of Instruction

The document outlines several historical methods of instruction: 1. Tutorial and individualized teaching focused on one-on-one instruction tailored to each student's abilities. 2. Incidental and reasoning methods emphasized using everyday experiences and critical thinking over memorization. 3. Wide reading and travel were recommended to supplement classroom learning and develop language skills. 4. Later methods stressed understanding over memorization, observation, independent student activity, and learning concepts before words.

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35 views4 pages

Realism Methods of Instruction

The document outlines several historical methods of instruction: 1. Tutorial and individualized teaching focused on one-on-one instruction tailored to each student's abilities. 2. Incidental and reasoning methods emphasized using everyday experiences and critical thinking over memorization. 3. Wide reading and travel were recommended to supplement classroom learning and develop language skills. 4. Later methods stressed understanding over memorization, observation, independent student activity, and learning concepts before words.

Uploaded by

Pede Casing
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Methods of Instruction

1. Tutorial – Rabelais; living with a private


teacher to maximize time
2. Individualized teaching – Vives;
teaching will be based on student’s skills,
intelligence and traits
3. Incidental method – Rabelais;
everyday lessons should be based on
experiences met in everyday life
4. Reasoning – substituted for
memorization; for critical analysis
5. Reading widely and thoroughly – for
content not for studying syntax; reading for
discussion
6. Travel – Milton; field experiences
Methods of Instruction
1. Tutorial system – one teacher taught one
pupil
2. Travel – to study foreign languages
3. Understanding and judgement – this is
used instead of memorization
4. Observation and social contracts
5. Application – pupil activity is given
emphasis; student’s independent thinking is
encouraged
Methods of Instruction
1. “Knowledge comes through the
senses and that the order of
learning must be ‘things,
thoughts, words’.”
2. Mulcaster –
3. Bacon – use of inductive method of
learning
4. Ratke –
a. All learning should follow the course of
nature;
b. Learning should be only one thing at a
time;
c. Everything should be learned first in
the mother tongue;
d. Repetition should be done as often as
possible;
e. Learning should be without
compulsion;
f. Nothing is to be learned by rote;
g. Similar subjects must be taught the
same way;
Methods of Teaching
 Not only facts, but method of arriving
at facts
 Emphasis on critical reasoning
through observation
 Supports formal ways of teaching
 Children should be given positive
rewards (Locke)
 Precision and order: ringing bells,
time periods, daily lesson plans, pre-
packaged curriculum materials
 Supports accountability and
performance-based teaching
 Scientific research and development

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