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Intel Microprocessors: Real Mode Overview

The Intel Microprocessors Real Mode Memory Addressing • Real mode, also called real address mode, is an operating mode of 80286 and later x86-compatible CPUs. • Real mode is characterized by a 20 bit segmented memory address space (giving exactly 1 MB of addressable memory) and unlimited direct software access to all memory, I/O addresses and peripheral hardware

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564 views3 pages

Intel Microprocessors: Real Mode Overview

The Intel Microprocessors Real Mode Memory Addressing • Real mode, also called real address mode, is an operating mode of 80286 and later x86-compatible CPUs. • Real mode is characterized by a 20 bit segmented memory address space (giving exactly 1 MB of addressable memory) and unlimited direct software access to all memory, I/O addresses and peripheral hardware

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Rameen Ch
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The Intel Microprocessors

Real Mode Memory Addressing

 Real mode, also called real address mode, is


an operating mode of 80286 and later x86-
compatible CPUs.
 Real mode is characterized by a 20 bit
segmented memory address space (giving
exactly 1 MB of addressable memory) and
unlimited direct software access to all memory,
I/O addresses and peripheral hardware
DISADVANTAGES
 . Real mode provides no support for memory
protection, multitasking, or code privilege
levels
Real Mode Memory Addressing Segment
and offsets

Segment address :
It located in one of the segment registers
defines the beginning address of any 64K memory
segments.

Offset address
 It selects any location within the 64K memory
segments.
 Offset sometimes referred to as displacement.
Ending address is found by adding FFFFH
with the beginning address.
Default Segment and Offset Registers
CS:IP Instruction Address
SS: SP or BP(base pointer) Stack Address
DS: BX, DI Data address.
ES :DI String destination address.
Protected Mode Memory Addressing
 In computing, protected mode, also called
protected virtual address mode, is an
operational mode of x86- compatible central
processing units (CPU).
 It allows system software to utilize features
such as virtual memory, paging, safe multi-
tasking, and other features designed to
increase an operating system's control over
application software.
Protected Mode Memory Addressing
Descriptor
 It describes the location, length and access
rights of the segment of memory.
 Segment register contains a selector that
selects a descriptor from a descriptor table.

Base address: Indicates the starting location of


the memory segment.
Segment Limit: Contains the last offset address
found in a segment.

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