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Irony

The poem "Postcard from Kashmir" describes a speaker who receives a postcard of Kashmir, the region of his birth that is now disputed between India, Pakistan, and China. Though Kashmir was once his home, he now lives far away. The postcard reduces the massive Himalayas to a small picture, diminishing the speaker's connection to his homeland. When he says this postcard is his closest to home, it is unclear if he means Kashmir or his current distant residence is home. The speaker assumes the real Kashmir will not live up to his memories or the idealized postcard, suggesting his memories are unreliable and Kashmir remains emotionally "undeveloped".

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82 views

Irony

The poem "Postcard from Kashmir" describes a speaker who receives a postcard of Kashmir, the region of his birth that is now disputed between India, Pakistan, and China. Though Kashmir was once his home, he now lives far away. The postcard reduces the massive Himalayas to a small picture, diminishing the speaker's connection to his homeland. When he says this postcard is his closest to home, it is unclear if he means Kashmir or his current distant residence is home. The speaker assumes the real Kashmir will not live up to his memories or the idealized postcard, suggesting his memories are unreliable and Kashmir remains emotionally "undeveloped".

Uploaded by

alagu sahana
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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In Agha Shahid Ali’s poem titled “Postcard from Kashmir,” the speaker

describes receiving a postcard from his native land, “Kashmir,” a region


of the Indian subcontinent. Parts of Kashmir are controlled by India,
Pakistan, and China, and in fact disputes between India and Pakistan
about the territory are long-standing and have often led to armed conflict.

In the opening two lines of the poem, the speaker indicates that the
postcard contains a photograph of (part of) Kashmir, a place the speaker
still considers his “home” (2). Apparently he is very geographically
distant from Kashmir, a fact that makes his use of the word “home”
ironic. He may have been born in Kashmir and may have lived there for
much of his life, but now he is apparently living somewhere else,
perhaps even in some Western country such as the United Kingdom or
the United States.

In any case, the speaker next mentions that he “always loved neatness”
– a trait that emphasizes the irony that he can now hold “the half-inch
Himalayas in my hand” (4). The massive mountain range has been
reduced to a small, tidy picture, which is surely not the kind of neatness
the speaker truly desires. One of the most impressive aspects of his
homeland has thus been shrunken and made to seem far less
impressive and significant. Although the speaker holds the postcard, he
has in more literal ways lost touch with the land he loves.

Perhaps the most intriguing and puzzling lines of the poem are these:

This is home. And this the closest


I'll ever be to home. . . . (5-6)
Does the speaker mean that Kashmir is home? If so, why does he say
that “this” is the closest he will ever be to home? One might assume that
he means that he is unable to return to Kashmir, and so the postcard
must suffice as a poor substitute for an actual visit. In the very next
phrase, however, the speaker seems to contemplate an inevitable
“return” (6). Therefore, when he says “This is home,” does he mean the
unnamed place where he currently resides, which seems a poor
substitute for his actual home of Kashmir? The phrasing of lines 5-6 is
not entirely clear and contributes an interesting ambiguity to the poem.
The speaker assumes that when he does actually return to Kashmir (in
real life and not simply in his imagination), the real sights of the place will
not live up neither to the picture of them presented in the postcard nor to
the idealized memory of them in the speaker’s mind. In the poem’s
closing lines, the speaker suggests that his memory of Kashmir is
unreliable and that Kashmir itself may be like

. . . a giant negative, black


and white, still undeveloped. (13-14)
These lines – and especially the last word – are suggestive. They may
imply that Kashmir is still in the process of development as a place, that
it is at present still too polarized to live up either to the speaker’s
idealized memory of it or to the postcard’s idealized presentation of its
beauty.

Nevertheless, it does not seem a mere coincidence that the poem has
fourteen lines -- the number of lines associated with sonnets, which are
themselves the kinds of poems in which speakers often express
unrequited love.

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